Using the 4 steps of research writing

Sit next to your critical friends. If you have yellow, pink, orange and green highlighters (or any at all) please get these out. You will need these four color later this week, too.

On your desk:I-Search HandbookOrganization Worksheet

Handy, but not on your desk:Stack of all Info cards

You are now ready to write your Part 3 When putting your notes in your paper, you will

use four steps (learn the numbers!)

1) Introduce the info

2) Give the info (summarize, paraphrase,OR quote)

3) Cite the info (using the citation in the upper right corner of your Note card)

4) Explain the info (Reflect: what do you think about it? Was this new info for you? What will you do with this information? How is it important to you?)

Open to page 51 and 52:Let’s say my info card looked like this:A (Peters 1)

$75-$150 = get car inspected by

mech. w/ ASE certification.

Good idea.

Car inspections

Step 1: Introduce the Source/Info First time you use THIS SOURCE (A, B, etc):

State full name of author, title of article, where it came from (title of magazine or newspaper, title of website). Billy Jim Bob Jones states in his article “It’s Rodeo Time” in

the New York Times, that…

All times you use that source after that: Only need to use author’s last name, or shortened

version of title of article (if no author). Jones also argues that…

How I would put this into my Part 3:In his article about buying used cars, Eric Peters explains that it is a good idea to pay the $75-$150 to get your potential car inspected by an independent mechanic (Peters 1). I think this is a good idea, because then I could be sure that the car I buy is in good shape and runs well. Even though it costs extra money, the peace of mind will be worth it.

Pink=Step 1 Introduce the info (This is called in-text citation)RRRRRR

R

Step 2: Give the Info Put info back into sentence form Be really really careful not to accidentally

use phrases from the original text Put in your voice. Make it sound like you.

How I would put this into my Part 3:In his article about buying used cars, Eric Peters explains that it is a good idea to pay the $75-$150 to get your potential car inspected by an independent mechanic (Peters 1). I think this is a good idea, because then I could be sure that the car I buy is in good shape and runs well. Even though it costs extra money, the peace of mind will be worth it.

Pink=Step 1 Introduce the info (This is called in-text citation)Orange=Step 2 Give the info from the info card (summarize OR give a

direct quote using “” quotation marks)RRRRR

Step 3: Cite the Info Look at upper right corner of info card Put same thing RIGHT AFTER end of

sentence Include parentheses. Period goes AFTER parentheses. If info card is right, citation will be right. If you don’t do this, it’s plagiarism!

How I would put this into my Part 3:In his article about buying used cars, Eric Peters explains that it is a good idea to pay the $75-$150 to get your potential car inspected by an independent mechanic (Peters 1). I think this is a good idea, because then I could be sure that the car I buy is in good shape and runs well. Even though it costs extra money, the peace of mind will be worth it.

Pink=Step 1 Introduce the info (This is called in-text citation)Orange=Step 2 Give the info from the info card (summarize OR give a

direct quote using “” quotation marks)Yellow=Step 3 Cite the info (say where it came from. Look at your info

card. You should have the information in parenthesis already!)

Step 4: Reflect Upon Info How does this piece of info help answer

your questions? What do you think of this info? What is

your reaction to it? What will you do with it? How is it important to you?

Overall, Step 2 and Step 4 (Info and reflection) should be about even in length.

Be careful not to get repetitive in this step. Vary it up, make it your voice. Entertain us here.

How I would put this into my Part 3:In his article about buying used cars, Eric Peters explains that it is a good idea to pay the $75-$150 to get your potential car inspected by an independent mechanic (Peters 1). I think this is a good idea, because then I could be sure that the car I buy is in good shape and runs well. Even though it costs extra money, the peace of mind will be worth it.

Pink=Step 1 Introduce the info (This is called in-text citation)Orange=Step 2 Give the info from the info card (summarize OR give a

direct quote using “” quotation marks)Yellow=Step 3 Cite the info (say where it came from. Look at your info

card. You should have the information in parenthesis already!) Green=Step 4 Explain the info (reflect: in your own words, what do

you think about it? Was this new info for you? What will you do with this information? How is it important to you?)

Highlight text for Example 3 on page 52:In his article about buying used cars, Eric Peters explains that when

you buy a used car, “it pays to have it inspected by an independent mechanic (preferably ASE certified). The cost for this service is usually between $75 and $150 and is well worth every penny” (Peters 1). I think this is a good idea, because then I could be sure that the car I buy is in good shape and runs well. Even though it costs extra money, the peace of mind will be worth it.

Pink=Step 1 Introduce the info (This is called in-text citation)Orange=Step 2 Give the info from the info card (summarize OR

give a direct quote using “” quotation marks)Yellow=Step 3 Cite the info (say where it came from. Look at your

info card. You should have the information in parenthesis already!)

Green=Step 4 Explain the info (reflect: in your own words, what do you think about it? Was this new info for you? What will you do with this information? How is it important to you?)

Does yours look like this?In his article about buying used cars, Eric Peters explains that when

you buy a used car, “it pays to have it inspected by an independent mechanic (preferably ASE certified). The cost for this service is usually between $75 and $150 and is well worth every penny” (Peters 1). I think this is a good idea, because then I could be sure that the car I buy is in good shape and runs well. Even though it costs extra money, the peace of mind will be worth it.

Pink=Step 1 Introduce the info (This is called in-text citation)Orange=Step 2 Give the info from the info card (summarize OR

give a direct quote using “” quotation marks)Yellow=Step 3 Cite the info (say where it came from. Look at your

info card. You should have the information in parenthesis already!)

Green=Step 4 Explain the info (reflect: in your own words, what do you think about it? Was this new info for you? What will you do with this information? How is it important to you?)

Turn to Page 78:The most logical place for me to begin is looking at what experiences will be

most beneficial towards my career choice. Reading through one of my books opened my eyes to the two options I had which were going to a university to get a degree or skipping college to attend business related seminars and workshops (Gumpert and Timmons 2). The choice was clear for me. I have always wanted and strived to go to college, and my plans weren’t about to change. The option of taking alternative classes and workshops to gain the knowledge and experience but not the degree was tempting, but not what I wanted. Reading further in the book I learned that after college there are specific seminars available to improve on already known business skills (Gumpert and Timmons 3). That seemed like the option that fit me the best. With taking a route that included college and additional seminars, I am able to get the best of both worlds, and maximize my bakery business knowledge. When I turned to the web I found that practical knowledge was stressed as being the most important; specifically the operation of machinery like mixers, blenders, ovens, stoves, and microwaves (“Starting”). I found this very obvious, but easily overlooked. Emphasizing the importance of proper use of appliances is critical for any bakery. If pastries and confections are prepared with incorrect use of the appliances the machinery could brake and end up costing the business more money for repairs than the sale that the pastries bring them.

Turn to Page 78:The most logical place for me to begin is looking at what experiences will be

most beneficial towards my career choice. Reading through one of my books opened my eyes to the two options I had which were going to a university to get a degree or skipping college to attend business related seminars and workshops (Gumpert and Timmons 2). The choice was clear for me. I have always wanted and strived to go to college, and my plans weren’t about to change. The option of taking alternative classes and workshops to gain the knowledge and experience but not the degree was tempting, but not what I wanted. Reading further in the book I learned that after college there are specific seminars available to improve on already known business skills (Gumpert and Timmons 3). That seemed like the option that fit me the best. With taking a route that included college and additional seminars, I am able to get the best of both worlds, and maximize my bakery business knowledge. When I turned to the web I found that practical knowledge was stressed as being the most important; specifically the operation of machinery like mixers, blenders, ovens, stoves, and microwaves (“Starting”). I found this very obvious, but easily overlooked. Emphasizing the importance of proper use of appliances is critical for any bakery. If pastries and confections are prepared with incorrect use of the appliances the machinery could brake and end up costing the business more money for repairs than the sale that the pastries bring them.

Turn to Page 78:The most logical place for me to begin is looking at what experiences will be

most beneficial towards my career choice. Reading through one of my books opened my eyes to the two options I had which were going to a university to get a degree or skipping college to attend business related seminars and workshops (Gumpert and Timmons 2). The choice was clear for me. I have always wanted and strived to go to college, and my plans weren’t about to change. The option of taking alternative classes and workshops to gain the knowledge and experience but not the degree was tempting, but not what I wanted. Reading further in the book I learned that after college there are specific seminars available to improve on already known business skills (Gumpert and Timmons 3). That seemed like the option that fit me the best. With taking a route that included college and additional seminars, I am able to get the best of both worlds, and maximize my bakery business knowledge. When I turned to the web I found that practical knowledge was stressed as being the most important; specifically the operation of machinery like mixers, blenders, ovens, stoves, and microwaves (“Starting”). I found this very obvious, but easily overlooked. Emphasizing the importance of proper use of appliances is critical for any bakery. If pastries and confections are prepared with incorrect use of the appliances the machinery could brake and end up costing the business more money for repairs than the sale that the pastries bring them.

Turn to Page 78:The most logical place for me to begin is looking at what experiences will be

most beneficial towards my career choice. Reading through one of my books opened my eyes to the two options I had which were going to a university to get a degree or skipping college to attend business related seminars and workshops (Gumpert and Timmons 2). The choice was clear for me. I have always wanted and strived to go to college, and my plans weren’t about to change. The option of taking alternative classes and workshops to gain the knowledge and experience but not the degree was tempting, but not what I wanted. Reading further in the book I learned that after college there are specific seminars available to improve on already known business skills (Gumpert and Timmons 3). That seemed like the option that fit me the best. With taking a route that included college and additional seminars, I am able to get the best of both worlds, and maximize my bakery business knowledge. When I turned to the web I found that practical knowledge was stressed as being the most important; specifically the operation of machinery like mixers, blenders, ovens, stoves, and microwaves (“Starting”). I found this very obvious, but easily overlooked. Emphasizing the importance of proper use of appliances is critical for any bakery. If pastries and confections are prepared with incorrect use of the appliances the machinery could brake and end up costing the business more money for repairs than the sale that the pastries bring them.

Does yours look like this?The most logical place for me to begin is looking at what experiences will be

most beneficial towards my career choice. Reading through one of my books opened my eyes to the two options I had which were going to a university to get a degree or skipping college to attend business related seminars and workshops (Gumpert and Timmons 2). The choice was clear for me. I have always wanted and strived to go to college, and my plans weren’t about to change. The option of taking alternative classes and workshops to gain the knowledge and experience but not the degree was tempting, but not what I wanted. Reading further in the book I learned that after college there are specific seminars available to improve on already known business skills (Gumpert and Timmons 3). That seemed like the option that fit me the best. With taking a route that included college and additional seminars, I am able to get the best of both worlds, and maximize my bakery business knowledge. When I turned to the web I found that practical knowledge was stressed as being the most important; specifically the operation of machinery like mixers, blenders, ovens, stoves, and microwaves (“Starting”). I found this very obvious, but easily overlooked. Emphasizing the importance of proper use of appliances is critical for any bakery. If pastries and confections are prepared with incorrect use of the appliances the machinery could brake and end up costing the business more money for repairs than the sale that the pastries bring them.

Things to notice:The most logical place for me to begin is looking at what experiences will be

most beneficial towards my career choice. Reading through one of my books opened my eyes to the two options I had which were going to a university to get a degree or skipping college to attend business related seminars and workshops (Gumpert and Timmons 2). The choice was clear for me. I have always wanted and strived to go to college, and my plans weren’t about to change. The option of taking alternative classes and workshops to gain the knowledge and experience but not the degree was tempting, but not what I wanted. Reading further in the book I learned that after college there are specific seminars available to improve on already known business skills (Gumpert and Timmons 3). That seemed like the option that fit me the best. With taking a route that included college and additional seminars, I am able to get the best of both worlds, and maximize my bakery business knowledge. When I turned to the web I found that practical knowledge was stressed as being the most important; specifically the operation of machinery like mixers, blenders, ovens, stoves, and microwaves (“Starting”). I found this very obvious, but easily overlooked. Emphasizing the importance of proper use of appliances is critical for any bakery. If pastries and confections are prepared with incorrect use of the appliances the machinery could brake and end up costing the business more money for repairs than the sale that the pastries bring them.

What’s this?

Things to notice:The most logical place for me to begin is looking at what experiences will be

most beneficial towards my career choice. Reading through one of my books opened my eyes to the two options I had which were going to a university to get a degree or skipping college to attend business related seminars and workshops (Gumpert and Timmons 2). The choice was clear for me. I have always wanted and strived to go to college, and my plans weren’t about to change. The option of taking alternative classes and workshops to gain the knowledge and experience but not the degree was tempting, but not what I wanted. Reading further in the book I learned that after college there are specific seminars available to improve on already known business skills (Gumpert and Timmons 3). That seemed like the option that fit me the best. With taking a route that included college and additional seminars, I am able to get the best of both worlds, and maximize my bakery business knowledge. When I turned to the web I found that practical knowledge was stressed as being the most important; specifically the operation of machinery like mixers, blenders, ovens, stoves, and microwaves (“Starting”). I found this very obvious, but easily overlooked. Emphasizing the importance of proper use of appliances is critical for any bakery. If pastries and confections are prepared with incorrect use of the appliances the machinery could brake and end up costing the business more money for repairs than the sale that the pastries bring them.

What do you notice is wrong with the pink parts? What would you tell this student

to revise?

Things to notice:The most logical place for me to begin is looking at what experiences will be

most beneficial towards my career choice. Reading through one of my books opened my eyes to the two options I had which were going to a university to get a degree or skipping college to attend business related seminars and workshops (Gumpert and Timmons 2). The choice was clear for me. I have always wanted and strived to go to college, and my plans weren’t about to change. The option of taking alternative classes and workshops to gain the knowledge and experience but not the degree was tempting, but not what I wanted. Reading further in the book I learned that after college there are specific seminars available to improve on already known business skills (Gumpert and Timmons 3). That seemed like the option that fit me the best. With taking a route that included college and additional seminars, I am able to get the best of both worlds, and maximize my bakery business knowledge. When I turned to the web I found that practical knowledge was stressed as being the most important; specifically the operation of machinery like mixers, blenders, ovens, stoves, and microwaves (“Starting”). I found this very obvious, but easily overlooked. Emphasizing the importance of proper use of appliances is critical for any bakery. If pastries and confections are prepared with incorrect use of the appliances the machinery could brake and end up costing the business more money for repairs than the sale that the pastries bring them.

Possible revision: In a book by Gumpert and Timmons about making a career in the bakery

industry, I found out that…

Things to notice:The most logical place for me to begin is looking at what experiences will be

most beneficial towards my career choice. Reading through one of my books opened my eyes to the two options I had which were going to a university to get a degree or skipping college to attend business related seminars and workshops (Gumpert and Timmons 2). The choice was clear for me. I have always wanted and strived to go to college, and my plans weren’t about to change. The option of taking alternative classes and workshops to gain the knowledge and experience but not the degree was tempting, but not what I wanted. Reading further in the book I learned that after college there are specific seminars available to improve on already known business skills (Gumpert and Timmons 3). That seemed like the option that fit me the best. With taking a route that included college and additional seminars, I am able to get the best of both worlds, and maximize my bakery business knowledge. When I turned to the web I found that practical knowledge was stressed as being the most important; specifically the operation of machinery like mixers, blenders, ovens, stoves, and microwaves (“Starting”). I found this very obvious, but easily overlooked. Emphasizing the importance of proper use of appliances is critical for any bakery. If pastries and confections are prepared with incorrect use of the appliances the machinery could brake and end up costing the business more money for repairs than the sale that the pastries bring them.

Another possible revision: Further along, I also learned from Gumpert and Timmons

that…

Things to notice:The most logical place for me to begin is looking at what experiences will be

most beneficial towards my career choice. Reading through one of my books opened my eyes to the two options I had which were going to a university to get a degree or skipping college to attend business related seminars and workshops (Gumpert and Timmons 2). The choice was clear for me. I have always wanted and strived to go to college, and my plans weren’t about to change. The option of taking alternative classes and workshops to gain the knowledge and experience but not the degree was tempting, but not what I wanted. Reading further in the book I learned that after college there are specific seminars available to improve on already known business skills (Gumpert and Timmons 3). That seemed like the option that fit me the best. With taking a route that included college and additional seminars, I am able to get the best of both worlds, and maximize my bakery business knowledge. When I turned to the web I found that practical knowledge was stressed as being the most important; specifically the operation of machinery like mixers, blenders, ovens, stoves, and microwaves (“Starting”). I found this very obvious, but easily overlooked. Emphasizing the importance of proper use of appliances is critical for any bakery. If pastries and confections are prepared with incorrect use of the appliances the machinery could brake and end up costing the business more money for repairs than the sale that the pastries bring them.

Another thing to notice: the green parts and the orange

parts are pretty even in length. The green may be a little bit

longer. You should do this in your paper too—an even

balance between info from the sources (orange), and your

reflection (green).

Take out your organization worksheet. Turn to the topic sentences.

Take out your info cards for your first subtopic. Take out a half sheet of paper, and write your name

and hour at the top.

Now, it’s your turn!

Write your first topic sentence on your ½ sheet of paper.

Choose the first info card you want to use in this paragraph.

Write it up! Use the 4 steps to write that piece of information into your paper.

You try:

Underline your partner’s topic sentence. Highlight your partner’s ½ sheet.

Trade ½ sheets with the person next to you:

Pink=Step 1 Introduce the info (This is called in-text citation)Orange=Step 2 Give the info from the info card (summarize OR give a direct quote using “” quotation marks)Yellow=Step 3 Cite the info (say where it came from. Look at your info card. You should have the information in parenthesis already!) Green=Step 4 Explain the info (reflect: in your own words, what do you think about it? Was this new info for you? What will you do with this information? How is it important to you?)

Tomorrow: Library• I will be happy to let you onto a computer once you

have EVERYTHING checked off. I will check off outlines today. You will turn these in as you leave class.

• We only have 3 lab days to write all of Part 3 (that means all of your notes and research)! Wow!

• When is your first draft of Part 3 due?• That’s right! At the beginning of class next

Monday.• The final is due WEDNESDAY, Oct. 20 by

3:00!