Upload
others
View
4
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Using Humalite-Derived Humic Products to Mobilize Soil-Adsorbed
Hydrocarbons and Enhance Natural Attenuation
October 15, 2004
Trenton M. Parks, Ph.D., P.Chem.Stantec Consulting Ltd.
The Problem
• Old oil sites
The Problem
• Old oil sites
• Light-end hydrocarbons have “gone away”
The Problem
• Old oil sites
• Light-end hydrocarbons have “gone away”
• Heavier-end hydrocarbons are sorbed to soils
The Problem
• Low levels of HCs in groundwater
The Problem
• Low levels of HCs in groundwater
• High levels of HCs in soil
The Problem
• Low levels of HCs in groundwater
• High levels of HCs in soil
• Can’t get site closure
The Problem
• Groundwater remediation methods are ineffective
The Problem
• Groundwater remediation methods are ineffective
• Natural attenuation is very, very slow
The Problem
• Groundwater remediation methods are ineffective
• Natural attenuation is very, very slow
• “Dig ‘n’ Dump” has been the traditional method of dealing with the problem
The Problem
• “Dig ‘n’ Dump” is simple
The Problem
• “Dig ‘n’ Dump” is simple
• “Dig ‘n’ Dump” is expensive
The Solution?
• Controlled mobilization of HCs
The Solution?
• Controlled mobilization of HCs
• Allows ex-situ treatment of groundwater
The Solution?
• Controlled mobilization of HCs
• Allows ex-situ treatment of groundwater
• Improves the rate of natural attenuation
The Solution?
• Surfactants
The Solution?
• Surfactants
• Humic products
Humic Products
Humic Products
• Humic acid
Humic Products
• Humic acid
• Humate
Humic Products
• Humic acid
• Humate
• Humalite
Humic Products
• Naturally occurring
Humic Products
• Naturally occurring
• Highly oxidized
Humic Products
• Naturally occurring
• Highly oxidized
• Organic material
Humic Products
• Naturally occurring
• Highly oxidized
• Organic material
• Found adjacent to sub-bituminous coal
Humic Products
• “Water soluble”
Humic Products
• “Water soluble”
• Actually colloidal
Humic Products
• “Water soluble”
• Actually colloidal
• Particles 1 nanometer to 1 micron
Humic Products
• Mobilizes bound HCs by providing sites for preferential adsorbance
Humic Products
• Mobilizes bound HCs by providing sites for preferential adsorbance
• HCs are brought into “solution”
Humic Products
• Surfactants
Humic Products
• Surfactants
• Humics
o Naturally occurring
Humic Products
• Surfactants
• Humics
o Naturally occurring
o Non-toxic
Humic Products
• Surfactants
• Humics
o Naturally occurring
o Non-toxic
o Inexpensive
Pilot Study
• Devon Canada Corporation’s Foothills #9 Battery Site
Pilot Study
• Devon Canada Corporation’s Foothills #9 Battery Site
• Abandoned battery site
Pilot Study
• Devon Canada Corporation’s Foothills #9 Battery Site
• Abandoned battery site
• Well drilled in 1944
Pilot Study
Pilot Study
• Sandy loam of glaciofluvial origin 3.0 m thick
Pilot Study
• Sandy loam of glaciofluvial origin 3.0 m thick
• Clay till underlying
Pilot Study
• Sandy loam of glaciofluvial origin 3.0 m thick
• Clay till underlying
• Groundwater is 2.2 to 2.9 mbgs
Pilot Study
• Sandy loam of glaciofluvial origin 3.0 m thick
• Clay till underlying
• Groundwater is 2.2 to 2.9 mbgs
• Hydraulic conductivities of 10-5 to 10-3 m/s
Pilot Study
Pilot Study
Pilot Study – First Injection
• First injection on 3 August 2004
Pilot Study – First Injection
• First injection on 3 August 2004
• 3.75 kg of Dry Soluble 80
Pilot Study – First Injection
• First injection on 3 August 2004
• 3.75 kg of Dry Soluble 80
• 115 L of distilled water
Pilot Study – First Injection
Pilot Study – First Injection
Pilot Study – First Injection
Pilot Study – First Injection
• Solution of approximately 33.1 g/L
Pilot Study – First Injection
• Solution of approximately 33.1 g/L
• Approximately 40 L poured into each of 3 injection wells
Pilot Study – First Injection
• Solution of approximately 33.1 g/L
• Approximately 40 L poured into each of 3 injection wells
• Rate of approximately 3.33 L/s
Pilot Study – First Injection
• Weekly – field screening for pH, temperature, specific conductance, EC, TDS, DO and ORP
Pilot Study – First Injection
• Weekly – field screening for pH, temperature, specific conductance, EC, TDS, DO and ORP
• Weekly at closest wells – laboratory analysis for TEH
Pilot Study – First Injection
• Weekly – field screening for pH, temperature, specific conductance, EC, TDS, DO and ORP
• Weekly at closest wells – laboratory analysis for TEH
• Weekly at “anaerobic” wells – laboratory analysis for ferric/ferrous, nitrate/nitrite, and sulfate/sulfite speciation
Pilot Study – First Injection
• Weekly – field screening for pH, temperature, specific conductance, EC, TDS, DO and ORP
• Weekly at closest wells – laboratory analysis for TEH
• Weekly at “anaerobic” wells – laboratory analysis for ferric/ferrous, nitrate/nitrite, and sulfate/sulfite speciation
• Monthly – laboratory analysis for routine parameters, major ions and dissolved metals, and hydrocarbons (BTEX, F1, F2, TEH)
Pilot Study – First Injection
• What happened?
Pilot Study – First Injection
• What happened?
• After 28 days…
Pilot Study – First Injection
• What happened?
• After 28 days…
• …Not much
Pilot Study – First Injection
Pilot Study – 2nd Injection
• Second injection on 8 September 2004
Pilot Study – 2nd Injection
• Second injection on 8 September 2004
• Three batches of 6.35 kg of Dry Soluble 80
Pilot Study – 2nd Injection
• Second injection on 8 September 2004
• Three batches of 6.35 kg of Dry Soluble 80
• 189 L of distilled water per batch
Pilot Study – 2nd Injection
• Solutions of approximately 33.6 g/L
Pilot Study – 2nd Injection
• Solutions of approximately 33.6 g/L
• 189 L poured into each of 3 injection wells
Pilot Study – 2nd Injection
• Solutions of approximately 33.6 g/L
• 189 L poured into each of 3 injection wells
• Rate of approximately 1 L/min
2nd Injection
Pilot Study – 2nd Injection
Pilot Study – 2nd Injection
Pilot Study – 2nd Injection
Pilot Study – 2nd Injection
• What happened?
Pilot Study – 2nd Injection
• What happened?
• After 6 days…
Pilot Study – 2nd Injection
• What happened?
• After 6 days…
• …humic product was visible in all of the wells!
Pilot Study – 2nd Injection
• 04-MW19 – farthest downgradient monitoring well
o Initial (pre-injection) TEH = 4.5 mg/L
Pilot Study – 2nd Injection
• 04-MW19 – farthest downgradient monitoring well
o Initial (pre-injection) TEH = 4.5 mg/L
o One week after second injection = 18 mg/L
Pilot Study – 2nd Injection
• 04-MW19 – farthest downgradient monitoring well
• Additional evidence that the humic product is effective in mobilizing sorbed HCs
o Initial (pre-injection) TEH = 4.5 mg/L
o One week after second injection = 18 mg/L
Recent Results
• Field parameters using a flow cell and mini-purging
Recent Results
• Field parameters using a flow cell and mini-purging
• Monthly laboratory analytical results
Future Work
• Biodegradation processes
Future Work
• Biodegradation processes
• Collection of subsurface soil samples
Acknowledgements
• Devon Canada Corporation – Tim Robbie
• Cathy Main, Mike LaPlante, Karen Hincks
• Dr. Dale VanStempvoort – National Water Research Institute
• Black Earth Humates Ltd.