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Using Entrepreneurship for social change
Dr Shailendra Vyakarnam
Entrepreneurship – EU definition
• Ideas into action (so not just about starting businesses)
• OK – Entrepreneurship for social change?
• What social change
• Where do the ideas come from
• What do we mean by action?
What are the drivers for social change?
The drivers for change….Socio-political
Berlin WallHasselhof China
India MigrationsWithin and intoEurope
SingleEconomic system
Completely new marketsIs there a shift in
economic centre of gravity?
The pyramid – Humans in a free market view?
Empowering growth Just another market
What social objectives do we have?
• Affordable healthcare?
• Job security
• Sense of opportunity in local areas
• Educational infrastructure
• Other….
Next – looking at action…..
Action needs entrepreneurs
NascentNoviceSerialHabitualCorporateSocialCivicAcademicHigh growthNecessity basedTribal or community
Sir Frank Whittle (left) Dr. Hans von Ohain
Technology push or market pull….The Jet Engine story
Some examples of major societal change through entrepreneurship
More examples..
Making a united Europe a reality
Transforming lives of the poor
Democratising knowledge
Creating breakthrough technology enterprises
Time and money
78,79 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07
ARMANT CDT
ESIVirata nCipher
Net ChannelSolexaAbcamAdaptive Broadband
CSRElement 14
Plastic LogicTenisonTrigenixArakisC Broadband
TeraviewArtimiLevel 5 NetworkNujiraBangoDaniolabs
Cellcentric
Acorn
Top Express•Raised £161m at start-up•Trade exit valuations £1.76 bn•IPO valuations £ 1.08 bn
Fig 2
Until 1985
1986-1990
1991-1995
1996-2000
2001-2002
Cambridge University
AcornHermann Hauser
Acquired by Olivetti
Olivetti Research Lab
Andy Hopper
Adaptive Broadband
Cambridge BroadbandAcquired by American Microwave
Acquired by Western Multiplex Corp
Andy HopperPeter Warton
IPV (Telemedia Systems)
Andy Hopper
Virata(ATML)
Hermann HauserAndy Hopper
Merged with Globespan
Acquired by AT &T
RealVNCVirtual Network
Computing Level5NetworkAndy Hopper
ANTAlex van SomerenNicko van Someren
nCipherAlex van SomerenNicko van Someren
NetchannelHermann HauserJack Lang
Acquired by NTL
ARMElement 14
Stan BolandSimon Knowles
Acquired by Broadcom
Amadeus Capital PartnersHermann Hauser
IQ BioHermann Hauser, Chris Keightley
Part of DAKO Diagnostics
DakoCytomation - Merged with
Cytomation Inc
CDT
Richard Friend
Richard Friend Plastic Logic
Analysys
David Cleevely
Cambridge Network
David Cleevely Hermann HauserAlec Broers
Cambridge 3G
David Cleevely
CPSPeter Duffett-Smith
Polight Technologies
Stephen ElliottPavel Krecmer
ART
Daniel Hall
Pilgrim BeartActiveRF
Pilgrim Beart
Antenova
Zeus Technology
Adam TwissDavid Reeves
Cambridge Semiconductor
Gehan AmaratungaFlorin Udrea
MuscatJohn SnyderMartin Porter
Enterprise Accelerator
John Snyder
John SnyderWebtop
SmartlogikAcquired by Dialog
Small World
Richard GreenAuthur Chance
Dick Newell
CADShape Data
Charles Lang
Acquired by GE
TensailsRichard Green
VBN online
TerraPrise
Ubisense
Andy HopperSteve Pope
Andy HopperAndy WardPete Steggles Simon Elliott
David Cleevely
Electronic Share Information
Acquired by E* Trade
Hermann HauserJack Lang
Top express
Jack Lang
Splashpower
Lily ChangJames Hay
Saviso Group
Adam TwissBryan Amesbury
Innovia
Collin AgerGarraint Davies
Cambridge Interactive Systems
Hermann HauserMike MullerTudor BrownJamie Urquhart
Dick Newell, Tom Sancha
Stan BolandSimon Knowles
Icera
Laser-ScanR. O. Frisch
M-SpatialAdrian CuthbertJon Billing
Fig 1
Acorn alumni
Cambridge University
1960
1970
MRC Laboratory
of Molecular Biology
CADCentre
Sinclair Radionics
CCL
Barclays Bank
1980
Cambridge Interactive
System
Cambridge Science Park
Acorn
PA Technology
Eicon Research
Ltd
Sinclair Research Ltd
1990
Analysys
Olivetti Research Laboratory
(acquired by AT&T in 1999) Judge Institute of
Management Studies
St. John Innovation
Centre
Scientific Generics
The Technology Partnership
TTP
Cambridge Research and Innovation Ltd (CRIL)
Institute of Biotechnolog
y
Cantab Pharmaceuticals
Hitachi Cambridge Laboratory
Nickerson Biotech
Laboratory
Glaxo
2000
Toshiba Cambridge Research
Laboratory
Seiko Epson Research
Lab
Unilever Cambridge Centre for Molecular
InformaticsCambridge
Network
Institute of Manufacturing
Amadeus Capital Partners
TTP Ventures
Entropic Research Laboratory (acquired by Microsoft in 1999)
Glaxo Institute of Applied
Pharmacology
BP
Impact
• Personal wealth!
• New technologies – microprocessors; broadband; wireless; OLEDS; and the applications of these to products
• Spawned a new generation of entrepreneurs (role model effect)
• Stimulated venture capital
• Stimulated new forms of Government funding
• Created interest in Universities – policy implications
• New IP regime – enabling further technology transfer
• Global mentality stirred up
• Encouraged inward investment
Let us go back a moment…
• Entrepreneurship is about making ideas happen…
• So we need ideas – for societal change
• We need Entrepreneurship – or in any case entrepreneurs
• We need to connect the two concepts
• How..
How to generate ideas?
Peter Phillips and Alan Barrell
Connections;CuriosityBrainstormingDiversity of people and resources
Inspire large numbers
What is the risk – is it of failure or of never trying?
Priorities – how do we get to them?
Open discussionsFacilitatedDynamicMentoredProvision of tools and information
inspire implementinform
•Role models•Skills•Understanding•Tacit knowledge
MooreMcLelland
•Networks•Market research•Business plan
competitions•Mentoring
•How to write plans•Elevator pitches•Raising finance•Team formation
TimmonsBandura Revans
Personal characteristicsMotivationSelf confidence
Entrepreneurial intent
Need a framework on which we can build
When the mind is full of small thoughts where is the space for big ideas
Know How
Have tried and succeeded
Confidence
Self belief
Intent
Building track recordIncremental experienceTo “Learning by Doing”
A supportive journey
SkillsPractise – Networkingpitching
Building capacityWith intent – to make a differenceIn their chosen field
From Ideas to action needs….
EducationFinanceInstitutionsMediaGovernmentFamilyEtc.,
Understand contextAnd personal circumstances
Necessary conditions to achieve E 4 S
• Needs a sense of the positive
• A “What are you waiting for” attitude
• Sense of being empowered to act
• Presence of role models
• Tolerance of failure
• Skills, knowledge and networks
• Practise
Actually Entrepreneurship – is a process..
• The process requires –
– Entrepreneurial Skills– Ability to validate an idea - not just have
them– Understand what investors are looking for
• Acquire and practise skills –
– Social; networking; presentation; lobbying;– Communicating the vision; getting buy-in
from peers and from senior colleagues
Personal attributes
• Self-belief - in the idea - its ability to make a difference and in ones own conviction of being able to make it happen
• Perception of risk - is it reputational? Financial? Relational?
• An opportunity that stimulates the motivation/intention
• Personal circumstances
• Entrepreneurial motivation
Risk of doing something? – Or risk of never having done anything?
Fundamental understanding
• Entrepreneurial behaviours are “bottom up”
• They cannot be imposed “top-down”
Think big and act fast to make a difference
Entrepreneurship action plan
• Signalling from the top –
– with resources• Clarify boundaries – what is in and what is out
• Encourage early –
- small victories to get into the habit• HR policies
– web based rules - transparent• Education and training events
• Broaden out the network
• Need for diversity - like never before
There is much hard work – needs resource
• Make it a tick box activity of marking companies we like:
– Socially relevant– Socially responsible– Socially meaningful..– Environmentally
responsible– Charitable orientation
• Create a list of what we do not like:
– Begging, criminal, smuggling, Drugs, Sex, labour exploitation, protection rackets,
– Arms companies– Tobacco companies– Chemicals companies– 4WD Car manufacturers– And so on
In summary
• Reflected on social change; entrepreneurship and how to get it stimulated and supported.
• Hope there are ideas for stimulating a plan for action..
• Thank you: [email protected]
Better to seek forgiveness than permission
