Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Using Apostrophes. Why are apostrophes important? Possessive case Singular nouns and plural nouns Possessive personal pronouns Indefinite pronouns Special problems with possessives Contractions Plurals Review A Review B. Why are apostrophes important?. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
Using Apostrophes
Why are apostrophes important?
Possessive case
Singular nouns and plural nouns
Possessive personal pronouns
Indefinite pronouns
Special problems with possessives
Contractions
Plurals
Review A
Review B
The main job of the apostrophe is to show ownership, or possession.
Why are apostrophes important?
The apostrophe has several jobs to do.
Are these Sondra’s socks?
Sometimes, in special situations, the apostrophe is used to form plurals.
Why are apostrophes important?
The apostrophe also shows where something is missing in a contraction.
we have we’ve
Your 1’s look like l’s.
It’s speed is impressive. The computer’s are fast.
An unnecessary apostrophe is also confusing.
A missing apostrophe can cause confusion.
Why are apostrophes important?
Knowing where to place an apostrophe—and why—will help make your writing clearer. [End of Section]
Are those as or is? Are those a’s or i’s?
the little brother of Sam
Add an apostrophe and an s to form the possessive case of most singular nouns.
Possessive caseSingular nouns and plural nouns
Singular nouns
a good night of sleep
Sam’s little brother
a good night’s sleep
the beak of the duckthe duck’s beak
If a plural noun ends in s, just add an apostrophe.
Possessive caseSingular nouns and plural nouns
Plural nouns
the ducks’ beaks
the Garzas’ car
Some irregular plural nouns do not end in s. Add an apostrophe and an s to form the possessive case.
Possessive caseSingular nouns and plural nouns
Plural nouns
child children children’s
men’s men
Plural Possessive
PluralSingular
children’s playground
men’s store
Example
man
Possessive caseSingular nouns and plural nouns
Proper names
If a proper name ends in s, add only an apostrophe if adding another s would make the name awkward to pronounce.
Ulysses’ voyage
Ms. Rawlings’ class
A possessive personal pronoun never has an apostrophe—even when the pronoun ends in s.
Possessive casePossessive personal pronouns
Where is your locker?
I forgot where my locker is.
Mine is in the next hall.
Its number is 302.
Most possessive personal pronouns have two forms.
Possessive casePossessive personal pronouns
These forms are used before nouns.
These forms stand alone.
my mine
your yours
his, her, its his, hers, its
our ours
their theirs
Where is your lunch? Did you forget yours?
Do not put an apostrophe in any of these pronouns.
Possessive case
For each sentence, write the possessive case of the word in parentheses.
1. All the ___________ cages should be cleaned. (hamsters)
2. Are these car keys _________? (you)
3. The _________ crew wore uniforms. (ship)
4. _______________ class is on a field trip. (Mr. Clements)
5. The _________ voices sounded far away. (men)
On Your Own
Possessive caseIndefinite pronouns
In the possessive case, indefinite pronouns need an apostrophe and an s.
No one’s essay has been graded.
The teacher asked for everybody’s essay.
In compound nouns, only the last word is possessive in form.
Compound nouns
Possessive caseSpecial problems with possessives
the Gulf of Mexico’s currents
my brother-in-law’s job
the vice-president’s visit
When two or more nouns share possession, only the last noun is possessive in form.
Possessive caseSpecial problems with possessives
Joint possession
Stephanie, Darla, and Jacob’s project
Three students are working on one project.
Possessive caseSpecial problems with possessives
Joint possession
When one of the words showing joint possession is a pronoun, both words should be in the possessive form.
Her and Wanda’s project
Two students are working on one project.
When two or more persons each possess something, each of their names should be in the possessive form.
Possessive caseSpecial problems with possessives
Two or more persons possessing something individually
Brent’s and Mia’s projects
Each student has his or her own project. The noun projects is plural.
When talking about things owned by two or more people, be sure to check your apostrophes when you change a noun to a pronoun.
Possessive caseSpecial problems with possessives
John’s and Jenny’s dogs
John and Jenny’s dog
John’s and her dog
John’s and her dogs
Two people own one dog together.
Two people each own dogs.
Possessive case
For each sentence, write the possessive case of the word in parentheses.
1. Keeping the laboratory clean is _____________ responsibility. (everyone)
2. We will meet at ___________________ house tomorrow after school. (Michael and Junior)
3. Do you know what ______________________ mascot is? (Robstown High School)
4. I think ____________________ stories were the most interesting. (Stella and Stanley)
On Your Own
[End of Section]
An apostrophe shows where letters, words, or numerals have been omitted from a contraction.
Contractions
should not shouldn’t
we have
o’clock
we’ve
of the clock
1998 ’98
it is ’tis
Contractions
Usually, when the word not is shortened to n’t and added to a verb, the spelling of the verb doesn’t change.
The two exceptions to this rule are
[End of Section]
would not
have not
wouldn’t
haven’t
will not
cannot
won’t
can’t
Plurals
To prevent confusion, a few kinds of nouns do form plurals by adding an apostrophe and an s.
• lowercase letters
• certain capital letters
In most cases, do not use an apostrophe to form the plural of a noun.
house houses dress dresses
p’s and q’s x’s
A’s I’s U’s
I wish I had gotten A’s on my report card, but I got C’s.
Plurals
Also use an apostrophe to form the plural of
• symbols
• numerals
• some words that are referred to as words
@’s #’s *’s
1’s 2’s 3’s
Replace all the and’s with or’s.
Contractions and plurals
[End of Section]
Add apostrophes where needed in the following sentences. If the sentence is already correct, write C.
1. She didnt want to go to the movie with us.
2. There are more than two ss in that word.
3. I think thats a great idea!
4. Don’t forget to cross your t’s.
5. Shell have to catch up with us later.
On Your Own
Review A
[End of Section]
In the following sentences, circle any words that need apostrophes or have incorrect apostrophes.
1. Didnt you find someones’ wallet in the hallway yesterday?
2. One of that cars’ tires is low, but its not flat yet.
3. We’re leaving at nine o-clock in Mikes car.
4. Fran’s and Steven’s older brother came in first.
5. The Garzas front door was just painted.
Review B
[End of Section]
Add apostrophes as needed in the following sentences.
1. Ive forgotten my book; may I use yours?
2. Ours is the second house, the one with the childrens toys in the front yard.
3. Mr. Spears classroom is not being used this period.
4. Tonys bicycle wont be ready until two o clock.
5. The actors costumes were difficult to sew.
The End
