USH 12 – Secondary Effects Secondary Effects USH 12 Experience Dane and Sauk Counties Wisconsin Dane and Sauk Counties Wisconsin

USH 12 – Secondary EffectsUSH 12 – Secondary Effects

Secondary EffectsUSH 12 ExperienceSecondary Effects

USH 12 Experience

Dane and Sauk Counties

Wisconsin

Dane and Sauk Counties

Wisconsin


History

• Went through an extensive public/agency involvement process 1991 to 1995– Study committees with governments and

agencies (before they were popular)– Project scoping meetings– Township coordination meetings– Public Involvement Meetings– Interaction with ALL agencies

94

90 39

12

12

151

18

1451

14

60

Madison

Fitchburg

Middleton

Sauk City

151

18

18 Mile Project Corridor

• DOT wanted to improve a 2-lane rural roadway radiating from the Madison Metropolitan Area to a 4-lane expressway (Dane County)


History

• Focus of concern was agricultural impacts to this corridor lined with dairy farms.

• Because of this, on-alignment alternatives were favored to reduce farm severances


History

• 1993 Ho-Chunk Bingo Hall lies on USH 12 – 2 miles south of Interstate

90/94

– 20 miles north of Sauk City

– 40 miles north of Madison

• 1993 Changes in legislation allow Bingo Hall to convert to Casino– Traffic Volumes

Dramatically Increase

94

90 39

12

12

151

18

14

51

51

14

60

33

BarabooWest

Madison

Fitchburg

Middleton

Lake Delton

Sauk City

151

NORTH

18

Baraboo

Ho Chunk Casino

I 90/94


History

• 1994 DOT initiates EIS for 11 mile portion of USH 12 south of interstate (Sauk County)– Leaves an 11 mile segment of

unimproved roadway between two projects

• 1995 DOI letter cites segmentation

• DOT answers by including impacts of whole corridor in the EIS for both projects– Even for roadway portion not

going to be improved for 20 years

94

90 39

12

12

151

18

51

51

14

60

33

BarabooWest

Madison

Fitchburg

Middleton

Lake Delton

Sauk City

151

NORTH

18

Baraboo

Ho Chunk Casino

I 90/94


Background

• Dane County DEIS released in 1995– Almost all supported a four-lane

improvement on existing alignment

• Sauk County DEIS released in 1996– 5 different alignments investigated,

both on and off-alignment


History

Baraboo Range National Natural Landmark!!!!

• Quartzite Range• 27 miles long• 14 miles wide• South Range• Largest block of

unfragmented forest in the Mid-west

Iowa

Minnesota

Wisconsin

Illinois

Indiana

Driftless Plains District

Sand Plains District

Moraines District

Southern Minnesota andWisconsin SavannaEcoregion

Baraboo HillsBioreserve

NORTH



History

Sea Bottom Sand Deposits Compress to Form QuartziteSea Bottom Sand Deposits Compress to Form Quartzite

Quartzite Then Buckles UpwardQuartzite Then Buckles Upward

Submerged Again by Sea Waters, Sediments are Again Deposited and Eventually Form Sandstone and Limestone

Submerged Again by Sea Waters, Sediments are Again Deposited and Eventually Form Sandstone and Limestone

Erosion Exposes Quartzite HillsErosion Exposes Quartzite Hills

Glacier Furthur Erodes Quartzite Bluffs and Leaves Gravel, Sand, Silt and Clay Deposits as it Melts

North Range

South Range

BarabooValley

Glacier Furthur Erodes Quartzite Bluffs and Leaves Gravel, Sand, Silt and Clay Deposits as it Melts

North Range

South Range

BarabooValley

1

2

3

4

5


History

Reedsburg

Baraboo Hills

Wisconsin Rive

r

Wisconsin River

Sauk City

Lake Delton

Baraboo

Begin Project

End Project

N O R T H

• Clear-cut in early 1900’s• Steep slopes and rocky soils

limited agricultural use• Steep slopes and rocky soils

limited septic systems• Lack of development allowed

reforestation• Home to many T&E species

(particularly neo-tropical birds• “Last Great Place” by Nature

Conservancy• National Natural Landmark• Most of land still privately

owned


History

• New secondary effects concerns• With a four-lane roadway – BRNNL more

attractive to live in for Madison commuters• A regulatory agency asked for quantitative

analysis of how improvement would affect BRNNL– How many new commuters (2nd Effect)– How many locate in BRNNL (2nd Effect)– How the new households would affect T&E

species (3rd Effect)


History

• DOT promptly started a review– (Project on Fast Track)

• Three quantitative analysis started:– Gravity-type– Commuter Shed Review– Highway Type vs. Community Growth

Resulted in Increasing DOA projections

• Qualitative review of effects to T&E species also initiated


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Travel Time

Travel Time vs. Percent CommutingUSH 12 Corridor

Gravity-type Model


Henrietta

Woodland LaValle Winfield Dellona

Westford IrontonReedsburg

ExcelsiorDelton

Baraboo

Fairfield

Greenfield

Lewiston

Rockbridge

Willow Washington

Westfie ld

Rich land Ithaca

BearCreek

Franklin Honey

Creek

Sumpter

Merrimac

Caledonia

FortWinnebago

Marcellon

Dekorra

Westpoint LodiArlington

Troy

Spring Green

BuenaVistaOrion

Pulaski ClydeWyoming Arena

BlackEarth

Prai rie

Du Sac

Mazomanie

RoxburyDane

Berry Springfield

Vermont CrossPlains

Highland Dodgeville

Ridgeway

Pacific

ScottRandolf

Fox Lake

Trenton

WestfordCourtlandSpringvaleWyocena

Lowville Otsego

FountainPrai rie

SalamusBeaverDam

LowellElba

Columbus

HamdenLeeds

Vienna

DeForest

Bristol York

Fortland

Shie lds

WaterlooMedinaSunPrai rie

BurkeWestport

Milford

LakeMills Azta lanDeerfield

CottageGrove

Dunn

PleasantSprings Christian

Parkland Jefferson

Koshkanong

MiltonFultonPorter

DunkirkRutland

Janesville

Rock

Harmont

LaPrairie

Lima

Johnstown

Clinton

Plymounth

SpringValley

Magnolia

Union

Center

Oregon

Brooklyn

MountPleasant

DecaturSylvester

Exeter

Montrose

Verona

Springdale

Primrose

NewGlarus

Washington

Monroe

Eden

Linden

Mifflin

MineralPoint

WillowSpringsKendall

Belmont

ElkGrove Seymour

Darlington

Fayette

Lamont

Wiota Jordan

Adams

Argyle

Blanchard

Waldwick

Moscow

Berry

BlueMoundBrigham

York

Reedsburg

SaukCity

RichlandCenter

YubaCazenova

LimeRidge

RockSprings

LakeDelton

Baraboo

Freedom

Plain

Lone Rock

Avoca

Highland

Portage

Poynette

Pardeeville

Dane

LaValle

Dodgeville

SunPrairie

Loganville

Linden

Fitchburg

Madison

NewGlarus

MineralPoint

Darlinton

Monroe BrodheadOrfordville

Janesville

FortAtkinson

Jefferson

LakeMills

Edgerton

Stoughton

CottageGrove

MarshallWaterloo

Columbus

Watertown

Doyleston

WaunakeeCross Plains

MountHoreb

Verona

BlueMound

Argyle

Hollandale

Barneveld

Ridgeway

Belmont

DeForest

Rio

Lowell

Albany

Albany

Footville

Milton

Evansville

Mazomanie

ArenaSpringGreen

Middleton

20%

10%30%

40%

5%

50%

Madison

Commuter Shed Analysis


Population Change1990-2020

Year1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

35,000

40,000

45,000

50,000

55,000

60,000 } 4% InfluenceRange

WDOAProjections

100% ofWDOA

104% ofWDOA

BasePopulation

4 % More Populationwith 4-lane HighwayImprovements

WDOA 1990-2005

WDOA 2005- 2020

Change in DOA Projections

54% more population growth than projected


History

• 167 acres of more residential development in BRNNL

• 28 caused by highway improvement

• 120 page analysis listed in SDEIS

• Allocated development to areas most susceptible to development to determine effect to T&E species


History

Impacted Forest InteriorsAssuming Development ofSusceptible Areas

Forest Interior Areas (300m from Edge)

Impacted Forest Interiors if SusceptibleAreas were Fully Developed

N O R T H

DEVIL’SLAKE

Forest InteriorConverted to Edge

CTH W

Ski Hi Rd.CTH PF

Tower

Pointof

Rocks

Valley View

SeelyLake

Not to Scale

Denzer

ApproximateBRNNLBoundary


History• Agencies were skeptical

– Believed effects would be much greater– EPA threatened an EU rating

• EPA commissioned their own study from Argonne Labs

• Argonne Report extremely critical of quantitative methods used– Report seemed to advocate more rigorous use of

Gravity Model (emphasis on commuters)

• Criticisms of qualitative analysis to T&E species were modest


History

• DOT responded:– Review of historical changes in land

use in the BRNNL– Supplemental quantitative analysis

focusing on Gravity model.– Released a Supplemental DEIS for

Sauk county USH 12


HistoryHistorical Land Use change in BRNNL(From Satellite photographs)

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

1962 1992 2020

YEAR

AC

RE

S

Residential

(Projected withcurrent trends and

preservation efforts)

Shrub / Other

Forest Edge

Forest Interior

Agricultural

Residential area (at 2.24 acres perdwelling) includes 1,180 acres dueto DOA growth projections and 85acres attributed to USH 12

Fragmentation (at 8 acres perdwelling) includes 1,170 acresdue to DOA growth projectionsand 310 acres attributed to USH 12

Forest Interior Actually Increased from 1962 to 1992!


History

• Supplemental Gravity Analysis– 12 different models performed– All indicated a change in commuters of 13

to 28 more commuters from BRNNL due to improved highway times

• Agencies (DATCP) critical of analysis– Said it only considered effect of commuter,

and not local growth


USH 12 MOA

• Phased Construction in Dane County– 1999 Preliminary work only– 200-2001 Construct northern portion– 2002-2003 Grading, no pavement in southern

portion– 2004 Construction of Middleton Bypass


USH 12 MOA

• Access Control and Adjoining Land Divisions– 30% fewer access points as compared to

current roadway– 500 foot control of access along local roads– 1000 foot control of access along State and

County roads


USH 12 MOA

• Commuter Rail/Transit Alternatives Study to be completed

• Fund 50% of PE for locally preferred alternative for commuter rail/transit study.

• Secondary Land Use Impact Methodology– Survey state of art modeling techniques– Provide guidelines for use of models– Identify improvement needed in models


USH 12 MOA

• BRNNL Protection Fund– $5 million for purchase of land or

development rights in Baraboo Range– Legislature not amused, passed bill that

development rights can only be purchased within ½ mile of highway Right-of-Way

• Preservation outside BRNNL– $5 million for development rights in Dane and

Sauk Counties– Local Planning Assistance


USH 12 MOA

• Ice Age National Scenic Trail– Grade Separated Crossings– Transportation Enhancement aid

• Play nice together provisions

• Meet biannually to discuss status of MOA

• One original signer left, considers himself to be the conscious of the MOA


Availability and Cost of

Land

EconomicClimate

TransportationNetwork

PerceivedQuality of

Life

Other

PopulationIncrease

DevelopmentNeed

ComprehensiveZoning andLand Use

Planning AsAdministered

By LocalGovernmental

Jurisdiction

StateAdministeredRegulations

Such As SewerRestrictions,Water Way

Restrictions,and AccessRestrictions

Development

Factors CreatingDevelopment Need

FactorsControllingDevelopment

Land Use Development in Wisconsin





Documents

USH 12 – Secondary Effects Secondary Effects USH 12 Experience Dane and Sauk Counties Wisconsin Dane and Sauk Counties Wisconsin