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16 Channel Relay Controller Board User Guide
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1 16 Channel Relay Controller Board – User Guide
IntroductionNumato Lab's 16 Channel Controller Board is a smart choice for controlling higher current loads fromyour micro controller development board or a PC parallel port. This board has sixteen on-board relayswhich can switch up to 10A. All relay terminals (C, NC, NO) are accessible through screw terminalswhich makes wiring up the board very easy. The relays are driven by popular darlington arrayULN2803. Relay coil is rated for 12VDC.
Some of the possible uses of this module include • Home Automation• Lighting Control• Garden Equipment Control• Industrial Automation• Test Fixtures• DIY and Hobby
This module has sixteen on board relays and associated drivers capable of controlling a large numberof devices including lamps, motors, locks etc...
Features• Very compact and easy to wire up.
• Connects directly to TTL devices (Microcontrollers, Arduino etc..).
• Sixteen Relays with three pin screw terminals for easy connectivity.
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2 16 Channel Relay Controller Board – User Guide
How to use the moduleThe following section describes how to use this module.
Components/Tools required
Along with the module, you may need the items in the list below for easy and fast installation.
1. 12V DC supply.
2. Medium size screw driver.
Connection Details
IMPORTANT Please exercise utmost caution while working with electrical mains or otherhigh voltages. Failure to comply with safety regulations may result in injury and or death.
Connection Diagram
Above image shows basic connection diagram that can be used in most of the situations. Theconnection diagram is same for both AC and DC loads. Please make sure to use a freewheeling diodeor snubber circuit if the load is inductive. More details about using inductive loads is availableelsewhere in this document. It is important to make sure that the wires used to connect loads aresufficiently rated to handle expected load current. Exercise caution while working with high voltages.The following sections identify individual connections in detail.
©2015 NUMATO SYSTEMS PVT LTDwww.numato.com
3 16 Channel Relay Controller Board – User Guide
Relay Contacts
All contacts on each relay is available externally on screw terminals for easy user access. The relays arerated for AC and DC supply voltages. Please see the electrical parametertable for more details. Each relay has three contacts(C, NO and NC). C is thecommon terminal and is used in both normally open and normally closedpositions. The contacts NC and C will be connected when the relay is turnedoff and will be disconnected when relay is turned on. And vice versa, thecontacts C and NO will be disconnected when relay is turned off and will beconnected when the relay is turned on. Table below summarizes possible
relay contact positions.
Relay State Connection between NC and C Connection between NO and C
OFF Close Open
ON Open Close
DC Power SupplyThis module uses +12V supply for the relay coils. The +12V supply for the relay coils is not optionaland the relay will not switch without this supply. Any off the shelf 12V DC power supply can be usedfor this purpose. Make sure to connect the power supply in correct polarity. Connect the positiveterminal of the power supply to the +12 terminal on the module. Connect negative terminal of thepower supply to GND terminal of the module. Connecting power supply incorrectly can cause damageto the module and/or other devices.
©2015 NUMATO SYSTEMS PVT LTDwww.numato.com
4 16 Channel Relay Controller Board – User Guide
Triggering RelayThe relays on the board can be either turned on by using micro controller or DC power supply with a Series resistor 2.2K ohm. The triggering pins are marked as RL0 to RL15 respectively.
Trigger In Relay
RL0 Relay 0
RL1 Relay 1
RL2 Relay 2
RL3 Relay 3
RL4 Relay 4
RL5 Relay 5
RL6 Relay 6
RL7 Relay 7
RL8 Relay 8
RL9 Relay9
RL10 Relay 10
RL11 Relay 11
RL12 Relay 12
RL13 Relay 13
RL14 Relay 14
RL15 Relay 15
©2015 NUMATO SYSTEMS PVT LTDwww.numato.com
5 16 Channel Relay Controller Board – User Guide
Additional InformationUsing relay modules with inductive loadsIt is important to take additional care when using relays with inductive loads. An inductive load ispretty much anything that has a coil and works based on magnetic principles like Motors, Solenoidsand transformers. Inductive loads produce back emf when the magnitude of the load current changes.The back emf can be in the order of tens or even hundreds of voltage (See this Wikipedia articlehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counter-electromotive_force). This effect is most severe when power isdisconnected from inductive load because the rate of change of current is maximum at that point.Even though the back emf lives only for a very short time (a few milliseconds) it can cause sparksbetween the relay contacts and can deteriorate the contact quality over time and reduce the life spanfor the relays considerably.
So it is important to take countermeasures to suppress the back emf to acceptable levels to protectrelay contacts. Usually this requires connecting electronic devices in parallel with the load such thatthey absorb the high voltage components generated by the load. For solenoids, connecting a diode(fast switching diode is recommended) in parallel to theload (in reverse direction to the load current) is veryeffective. A diode used for this purpose is usually called afreewheeling diode. Please see the diagram on the rightfor connection details.
A capacitor with proper rating is recommended for protecting the relay contacts when a motor is usedas load. The capacitor should be rated enough to withstand the back emf that is generated by themotor. Please see the diagram below for connection details.
©2015 NUMATO SYSTEMS PVT LTDwww.numato.com
6 16 Channel Relay Controller Board – User Guide
Please note that the relay modules are NOT shipped with back emf suppression devices pre-installed.The exact kind of suppression device and the parameters of the selected device can vary dependingon the load itself. Some of the parameters that affects the suppression device selection are theinductance of the load, power supply voltage, load current, physical size/structure of the load etc.. Itis obvious that it is impossible for us to predict these parameters and design required back emfsuppression device and incorporate that on the board. So we believe this is a task best left to themodule user. There is an excellent article on designing back emf suppression on Wikipedia athttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flyback_diode
©2015 NUMATO SYSTEMS PVT LTDwww.numato.com
7 16 Channel Relay Controller Board – User Guide
Technical Specifications
Parameter * Value Unit
Basic Specifications
Number of relays 16
Relay Specifications
Nominal relay coil voltage 12 V
Nominal coil power consumption (per relay) 360 mW
Relay contact material Silver Alloy
Contact rating 1A: 10A 240VAC/ 12A120VAC 1C: 7A 240VAC/ 10A 120VAC
Maximum switching voltage 250VAC/ 30VDC
Maximum switching current 15 A
Maximum switching power 2770VA/ 240W
Contact resistance (initial) 100 Min at 6VDC 1A mΩ
Life expectancy (Electrical) 100,000 Operations
Life expectancy (Mechanical) 10,000,000 Operations
Nominal insulation resistance 100 Min at 500VDC MΩ
Maximum switching on response time 10 mS
Maximum switching off response time 5 mS* All parameters considered nominal. Numato Systems Pvt Ltd reserve the right to modify products without notice.* http://kyotarelays.com/datasheets/KT%20603.pdf
©2015 NUMATO SYSTEMS PVT LTDwww.numato.com
8 16 Channel Relay Controller Board – User Guide
FAQQ. I need a customized version of this product, can Numato do the customization for me?A. Yes, we can definitely do customization but there may be minimum order requirements depending on the level ofcustomization required. Please write to [email protected] for a quote.
Q. Where can I buy this product?A. All Numato products can be ordered directly from our web store http://www.numato.com. We accept major creditcards and Paypal and ship to almost all countries with a few exceptions. We do have distributors in many countries whereyou can place your order. Please find the current list of distributors at http://numato.com/distrib.
©2015 NUMATO SYSTEMS PVT LTDwww.numato.com
9 16 Channel Relay Controller Board – User Guide
Physical Dimensions
SchematicsSee next page.
©2015 NUMATO SYSTEMS PVT LTDwww.numato.com
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Date: 19 jun 2014KiCad E.D.A.
Rev: Size: A4Id: 1/1
Title: 16ChannelRelayContollerBoard
File: 16ChannelRelayContollerBoard.schSheet: /
Numato Labhttp://www.numato.comLicense : CC BY-SA
VDD
C3
47uF
C2
100nF
C1
100nFPWR_FLAG
PWR_FLAG
VDD 1
2
P1
R16 R15 R14 R13
R12 R11 R10 R9
R8R7R6R5
R3R2R1
R16
R15
R14
R13
R12
R11
R10R9
R8
R7
R6
R5
R4
R3
R2
R1
12
34
56
78
R8
2K2
12
34
56
78
R7
2K2
12
34
56
78
R6
2K2
12
34
56
78
R5
2K2
12
D1
12
D2
12
D16
12
D15
12
D14
12
D13
12
D12
12
D11
12
D10
12
D9
12
D8
12
D7
12
D6
12
D5
12
D4
12
D3
123
K6
123
K5
123
K4
123
K3
123
K2
123
K1
VDD
VDD
123
K22
123
K21
123
K19
123
K16
123
K14
123
K12
123
K10
123
K8
123
K20
123
K18
123
K17
123
K15
123
K13
123
K11
123
K9
123
K7
VDD
VDD
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
R4
2K2
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
R3
2K2
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
R2
2K2
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
R1
2K2
1 2
34
5RL2
1 2
34
5RL4
1 2
34
5RL7
1 2
34
5RL6
1 2
34
5RL8
1 2
34
5RL15
1 2
34
5RL13
1 2
34
5RL9
1 2
34
5RL11
1 2
34
5RL14
1 2
34
5RL5
1 2
34
5RL3
1 2
34
5RL1
I11
I22
I33
I44
I55
I66
I77
I88
GND9 COM 10O8 11O7 12O6 13O5 14O4 15O3 16O2 17O1 18
U2
ULN
2803
I11
I22
I33
I44
I55
I66
I77
I88
GND9 COM 10O8 11O7 12O6 13O5 14O4 15O3 16O2 17O1 18
U1
ULN
2803GND
RL0
RL1
RL2
RL3
RL4
RL5
RL6
RL7
RL8
RL9
RL10
RL11
RL12
RL13
RL14
RL15
RELAY0 RELAY1 RELAY2 RELAY3
RELAY4 RELAY5 RELAY6 RELAY7
RELAY8 RELAY9 RELAY10 RELAY11
RELAY12 RELAY13 RELAY14 RELAY15
RL
0
RL
1
RL
2
RL
3
RL
4
RL
5
RL
6
RL
7
RL
8
RL
9
RL
10
RL
11
RL
12
RL
13
RL
14
RL
15
GND
R4
1 2
34
5RL12
1 2
34
5RL16
1 2
34
5RL10
R1R2R3R4R5R6R7R8
R9R10R11R12R13R14R15R16
NO
C
NC
NO
C
NC
NO
C
NC
NO
C
NC
NO
C
NC
NO
C
NC
NO
C
NC
NO
C
NC
NO
C
NC
NO
C
NC
NO
C
NC
NO
C
NC
NO
C
NC
NO
C
NC
NO
C
NC
NO
C
NC
