Useful Calculations

Following are some useful formulas and charts related to common fabricating questions.

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Materials Tensile Strength Comparison (approximate psi) 5052 Aluminum 30,000 Mild steel tube (HREW) 40,000 6061 Aluminum 45,000 Black iron pipe 47,000 304 Stainless steel 65,000 DOM Steel 75,000 4130 Chromoly 100,000

Length of tube consumed in a bend = CLR(center line radius) x DOB (degree of bend) x .01745

Circumference of a circle = 3.14 x Diameter

Weight of steel tubing in lbs per foot = 10.6802 x wall thickness x (diameter - wall thickness)

Multiply inches x 25.4 to get millimeters Multiply millimeters x .03937 to get inches

Nominal Pipe Size

Outside Diameter

Nominal Pipe Sizes Wall Thickness Sch. 5 Sch. 10 Sch. 40 Sch. 80 Sch. 160 XXS

1/4" 0.540" N/A .065 .088 .119 N/A N/A 3/8" 0.675" N/A .065 .091 .126 N/A N/A 1/2" 0.840" .065 .083 .109 .147 .187 .294 3/4" 1.050" .065 .083 .113 .154 .218 .308 1" 1.315" .065 .109 .133 .179 .250 .358

1-1/4" 1.660" .065 .109 .140 .191 .250 .382 1-1/2" 1.900" .065 .109 .145 .200 .281 .400

2" 2.375" .066 .109 .164 .218 .343 .436 2-1/2" 2.875" .083 .120 .203 .276 .375 .552

Gauge Wall Thickness - based on 1" tube 22 .0312 21 .0344 20 .0375 19 .0437 18 .0500 17 .0562 16 .0625 15 .0703 14 .0781 13 .0937 12 .1094 11 .1250 10 .1406 9 .1562 8 .1719 7 .1875 6 .2031 5 .2187 4 .2344 3 .2500