Upload
ravi
View
225
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
1/31
C library function - pow()
DescriptionThe C library function double pow(double x, double y)returns xraised to the power of yi.e. xy.
DeclarationFollowing is the declaration for pow() function.
doublepow(doublex,doubley)
Parameters x This is the floating point base alue.
y This is the floating point power alue.
!eturn "alueThis function returns the result of raising xto the power y.
#xample
The following example shows the usage of pow() function.
#include
#include
intmain ()
{
printf("Value .! $ %lf&n",pow(.!,))'
printf("Value .! .* $ %lf",pow(.!,.*))'
return(!)'
+
$et us compile and run the aboe program that will produce the following result
7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
2/31
Value .! $ .!!!!!!
Value .! .* $ *.!*-
C library function - sqrt()
Description
The C library function double sqrt(double x)returns the s%uare root of x.
DeclarationFollowing is the declaration for s%rt() function.
doubles/rt(doublex)
Parameters
x This is the floating point alue.
!eturn "alue
This function returns the s%uare root of x.
#xample
The following example shows the usage of s%rt() function.
#include
#include
intmain ()
{
7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
3/31
printf("0/uare root of %lf is %lf&n",.!,s/rt(.!))'
printf("0/uare root of %lf is %lf&n",.!,s/rt(.!))'
return(!)'
+
$et us compile and run the aboe program that will produce the following result
0/uare root of .!!!!!! is .!!!!!!
0/uare root of .!!!!!! is .1!1
C library function - acos()
Description
The C library function double acos(double x)returns the arc cosine of xin radians.
Declaration
Following is the declaration for acos() function.
doubleacos(doublex)
Parameters
x This is the floating point alue in the interal &'*+.
!eturn "alue
This function returns principal arc cosine of x in the interal &, pi+ radians.
7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
4/31
#xample
The following example shows the usage of acos() function.
#include
#include
#de2ne34 .*1
intmain ()
{
doublex,ret,5al'
x $!.*'
5al $!.!634'
ret $acos(x)75al'
printf("8he arc cosine of %lf is %lf de9rees",x,ret)'
return(!)'
+
$et us compile and run the aboe program that will produce the following result
8he arc cosine of !.*!!!!! is .!! de9rees
C library function - cos()
Description
The C library function double cos(double x)returns the cosine of a radian angle x.
7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
5/31
Declaration
Following is the declaration for cos() function.
doublecos(doublex)
Parameters
x This is the floating point alue representing an angle expressed in radians.
!eturn "alue
This function returns the cosine of x.
#xample
The following example shows the usage of cos() function.
#include
#include
#de2ne34 .*1
intmain ()
{
doublex,ret,5al'
x $1!.!'
5al $34 6!.!'
ret $cos(x75al )'
printf("8he cosine of %lf is %lf de9rees&n",x,ret)'
x $*!.!'
5al $34 6!.!'
ret $cos(x75al )'
7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
6/31
printf("8he cosine of %lf is %lf de9rees&n",x,ret)'
return(!)'
+
$et us compile and run the aboe program that will produce the following result
8he cosine of 1!.!!!!!! is !.!!!!! de9rees
8he cosine of *!.!!!!!! is !.!!!!!! de9rees
C library function - exp()
Description
The C library function double exp(double x)returns the alue of eraised to the xthpower.
Declaration
Following is the declaration for exp() function.
doubleexp(doublex)
Parameters
x This is the floating point alue.
!eturn "alueThis function returns the exponential alue of x.
#xample
The following example shows the usage of exp() function.
7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
7/31
#include
#include
intmain ()
{
doublex $!'
printf("8he exponential 5alue of %lf is %lf&n",x,exp(x))'
printf("8he exponential 5alue of %lf is %lf&n",x:,exp(x:))'
printf("8he exponential 5alue of %lf is %lf&n",x:,exp(x:))'
return(!)'
+
$et us compile and run the aboe program that will produce the following result
8he exponential 5alue of !.!!!!!! is .!!!!!!
8he exponential 5alue of .!!!!!! is .-
8he exponential 5alue of .!!!!!! is -.*!1
C library function - ceil()-dertisements
Preious Page
ext Page
Description
The C library function double ceil(double x) returns the smallest integer alue greater than or
e%ual to x.
Declaration
http://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/math_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/math_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/math_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/math_h.htm7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
8/31
Following is the declaration for ceil() function.
doubleceil(doublex)
Parameters
x This is the floating point alue.
!eturn "alue
This function returns the smallest integral alue not less than x.
#xample
The following example shows the usage of ceil() function.
#include
#include
intmain ()
{
;oat5al,5al,5al,5al'
5al $.1'
5al $.'
5al $.'
5al $.'
printf ("5alue $ %.lf&n",ceil(5al))'
printf ("5alue $ %.lf&n",ceil(5al))'
printf ("5alue $ %.lf&n",ceil(5al))'
printf ("5alue $ %.lf&n",ceil(5al))'
return(!)'
7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
9/31
+
$et us compile and run the aboe program that will produce the following result
5alue $ .!
5alue $ .!
5alue $ .!
5alue $ .!
C library function - floor()
-dertisements
Preious Page
ext Page
Description
The C library function double floor(double x)returns the largest integer alue less than or e%ualto x.
Declaration
Following is the declaration for floor() function.
double;oor(doublex)
Parameters x This is the floating point alue.
!eturn "alue
http://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/math_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/math_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/math_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/math_h.htm7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
10/31
This function returns the largest integral alue not greater than x.
#xample
The following example shows the usage of floor() function.
#include
#include
intmain ()
{
;oat5al,5al,5al,5al'
5al $.1'
5al $.'
5al $.'
5al $.'
printf("Value $ %.lf&n",;oor(5al))'
printf("Value $ %.lf&n",;oor(5al))'
printf("Value $ %.lf&n",;oor(5al))'
printf("Value $ %.lf&n",;oor(5al))'
return(!)'
+
$et us compile and run the aboe program that will produce the following result
Value $ .!Value $ .!
Value $ .!
Value $ .!
7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
11/31
C library function - fmod()
-dertisements
Preious Page
ext Page
Description
The C library function double fmod(double x, double y)returns the remainder of xdiided by y.
Declaration
Following is the declaration for fmod() function.
doublefmod(doublex,doubley)
Parameters
x This is the floating point alue with the diision numerator i.e. x.
y This is the floating point alue with the diision denominator i.e. y.
!eturn "alue
This function returns the remainder of diiding x/y.
#xample
The following example shows the usage of fmod() function.
#include
#include
http://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/math_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/math_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/math_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/math_h.htm7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
12/31
intmain ()
{
;oata,b'
intc'
a $*.'
b $.-'
c $'
printf("emainder of %f 6 %d is %lf&n",a,c,fmod(a,c))'
printf("emainder of %f 6 %f is %lf&n",a,b,fmod(a,b))'
return(!)'
+
$et us compile and run the aboe program that will produce the following result
emainder of *.!!!!! 6 is .!!!!!
emainder of *.!!!!! 6 .-!!!!! is .!!!!!
C library function - strcat()
-dertisements
Preious Page
ext Page
Description
The C library function char *strcat(char *dest, const char *src)appends the string pointed to
by srcto the end of the string pointed to by dest.
Declaration
http://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htm7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
13/31
Following is the declaration for strcat() function.
char7strcat(char7dest,constchar7src)
Parameters
dest'' This is pointer to the destination array which should contain a C string and should
be large enough to contain the concatenated resulting string.
src'' This is the string to be appended. This should not oerlap the destination.
!eturn "alue
This function returns a pointer to the resulting string dest.
#xample
The following example shows the usage of strcat() function.
#include
#include
intmain ()
{
charsrc=!,dest=!'
strcpy(src, "8his is source")'
strcpy(dest,"8his is destination")'
strcat(dest,src)'
printf("?inal destination strin9 @ A%sA",dest)'
return(!)'
+
7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
14/31
$et us compile and run the aboe program that will produce the following result0
?inal destination strin9 @ A8his is destination8his is sourceA
C library function - strncat()
-dertisements
Preious Page
ext Page
Description
The C library function char *strncat(char *dest, const char *src, size_t n)appends the string
pointed to by srcto the end of the string pointed to by destup to ncharacters long.
Declaration
Following is the declaration for strncat() function.
char7strncat(char7dest,constchar7src,siBeCtn)
Parameters
dest'' This is pointer to the destination array which should contain a C string and should
be large enough to contain the concatenated resulting string which includes the additional
null'character.
src'' This is the string to be appended.
n'' This is the maximum number of characters to be appended.
!eturn "alue
http://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htm7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
15/31
This function returns a pointer to the resulting string dest.
#xample
The following example shows the usage of strncat() function.
#include
#include
intmain ()
{
charsrc=!,dest=!'
strcpy(src, "8his is source")'
strcpy(dest,"8his is destination")'
strncat(dest,src,)'
printf("?inal destination strin9 @ A%sA",dest)'
return(!)'
+
$et us compile and run the aboe program that will produce the following result0
?inal destination strin9 @ A8his is destination8his is sourceA
C library function - strchr()-dertisements
Preious Page
ext Page
http://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htm7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
16/31
Description
The C library function char *strchr(const char *str, int c)searches for the first occurrence of thecharacter c(an unsigned char) in the string pointed to by the argument str.
Declaration
Following is the declaration for strchr() function.
char7strchr(constchar7str,intc)
Parameters str'' This is the C string to be scanned.
c'' This is the character to be searched in str.
!eturn "alue
This returns a pointer to the first occurrence of the character c in the string str or 1$$ if the
character is not found.
#xample
The following example shows the usage of strchr() function.
#include
#include
intmain ()
{
constcharstr=$"[email protected]" '
constcharch $D.D'
char7ret'
7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
17/31
ret $strchr(str,ch)'
printf("0trin9 after A%cA is E A%sA&n",ch,ret)'
return(!)'
+
$et us compile and run the aboe program that will produce the following result0
0trin9 after A.A is E A.tutorialspoint.comA
C library function - strcmp()
-dertisements
Preious Page
ext Page
Description
The C library function int strcmp(const char *str1, const char *str)compares the string pointed
to by str1to the string pointed to by str.
Declaration
Following is the declaration for strcmp() function.
intstrcmp(constchar7str,constchar7str)
Parameters
str1'' This is the first string to be compared.
http://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htm7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
18/31
str'' This is the second string to be compared.
!eturn "alue
This function return alues that are as follows0
if !eturn alue 2 , then it indicates str is less than str3.
if !eturn alue 4 , then it indicates str3 is less than str.
if !eturn alue 5 , then it indicates str is e%ual to str3.
#xample
The following example shows the usage of strncmp() function.
#include
#include
intmain ()
{
charstr='
charstr='
intret'
strcpy(str,"abcdef")'
strcpy(str,"FGHIJ?")'
ret $strcmp(str,str)'
if(ret
7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
19/31
elseif(ret >!)
{
printf("str is less than str")'
+
else
{
printf("str is e/ual to str")'
+
return(!)'
+
$et us compile and run the aboe program that will produce the following result0
str is less than str
C library function - strncmp()
-dertisements
Preious Page
ext Page
Description
The C library function int strncmp(const char *str1, const char *str, size_t n) compares at most
the first nbytes of str1and str.
Declaration
Following is the declaration for strncmp() function.
http://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htm7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
20/31
intstrncmp(constchar7str,constchar7str,siBeCtn)
Parameters
str1'' This is the first string to be compared.
str'' This is the second string to be compared.
n'' The maximum number of characters to be compared.
!eturn "alue
This function return alues that are as follows0
if !eturn alue 2 , then it indicates str is less than str3.
if !eturn alue 4 , then it indicates str3 is less than str.
if !eturn alue 5 , then it indicates str is e%ual to str3.
#xample
The following example shows the usage of strncmp() function.
#include
#include
intmain ()
{
charstr='
charstr='
intret'
strcpy(str,"abcdef")'
strcpy(str,"FGHIJ?")'
7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
21/31
ret $strncmp(str,str,)'
if(ret
7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
22/31
The C library function char *strcpy(char *dest, const char *src)copies the string pointed to
by srcto dest.
Declaration
Following is the declaration for strcpy() function.
char7strcpy(char7dest,constchar7src)
Parameters
dest'' This is the pointer to the destination array where the content is to be copied.
src'' This is the string to be copied.
!eturn "alue
This returns a pointer to the destination string dest.
#xample
The following example shows the usage of strcpy() function.
#include
#include
intmain()
{
charsrc=!'
chardest=!!'
memset(dest,D&!D,siBeof(dest))'
strcpy(src,"8his is tutorialspoint.com")'
strcpy(dest,src)'
7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
23/31
printf("?inal copied strin9 @ %s&n",dest)'
return(!)'
+
$et us compile and run the aboe program that will produce the following result0
?inal copied strin9 @ 8his is tutorialspoint.com
C library function - strncpy()
-dertisements
Preious Page
ext Page
Description
The C library function char *strncpy(char *dest, const char *src, size_t n)copies up
to ncharacters from the string pointed to by srcto dest. 6n a case where the length of src is less
than that of n the remainder of dest will be padded with null bytes.
Declaration
Following is the declaration for strncpy() function.
char7strncpy(char7dest,constchar7src,siBeCtn)
Parameters
dest'' This is the pointer to the destination array where the content is to be copied.
src'' This is the string to be copied.
http://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htm7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
24/31
n'' The number of characters to be copied from source.
!eturn "alue
This function returns the final copy of the copied string.
#xample
The following example shows the usage of strncpy() function. 7ere we hae used function
memset() to clear the memory location.
#include
#include
intmain()
{
charsrc=!'
chardest='
memset(dest,D&!D,siBeof(dest))'
strcpy(src,"8his is tutorialspoint.com")'
strncpy(dest,src,!)'
printf("?inal copied strin9 @ %s&n",dest)'
return(!)'
+
$et us compile and run the aboe program that will produce the following result0
?inal copied strin9 @ 8his is tu
7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
25/31
library function - strlen()
-dertisements
Preious Page
ext Page
Description
The C library function size_t strlen(const char *str)computes the length of the string strup to but
not including the terminating null character.
Declaration
Following is the declaration for strlen() function.
siBeCtstrlen(constchar7str)
Parameters
str'' This is the string whose length is to be found.
!eturn "alue
This function returns the length of string.
#xample
The following example shows the usage of strlen() function.
#include
#include
http://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htm7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
26/31
intmain ()
{
charstr=!'
intlen'
strcpy(str,"8his is tutorialspoint.com")'
len $strlen(str)'
printf("Ken9th of A%sA is A%dA&n",str,len)'
return(!)'
+
$et us compile and run the aboe program that will produce the following result0
Ken9th of A8his is tutorialspoint.comA is A1A
C library function - strstr()
-dertisements
Preious Page
ext Page
DescriptionThe C library function char *strstr(const char *haystac!, const char *needle) function finds the
first occurrence of the substring needlein the string haystac!. The terminating 89,8 characters are
not compared.
Declaration
http://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htm7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
27/31
Following is the declaration for strstr() function.
char7strstr(constchar7haystacL,constchar7needle)
Parameters
haystac!'' This is the main C string to be scanned.
needle'' This is the small string to be searched with'in haystac: string.
!eturn "alue
This function returns a pointer to the first occurrence in haystac: of any of the entire se%uence of
characters specified in needle or a null pointer if the se%uence is not present in haystac:.
#xample
The following example shows the usage of strstr() function.
#include
#include
intmain()
{
constcharhaystacL=!$"8utorials3oint"'
constcharneedle=!$"3oint"'
char7ret'
ret $strstr(haystacL,needle)'
printf("8he substrin9 is@ %s&n",ret)'
return(!)'
+
7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
28/31
$et us compile and run the aboe program that will produce the following result0
8he substrin9 is@ 3oint
C library function - strpbr!()
-dertisements
Preious Page
ext Page
Description
The C library function char *strpbr!(const char *str1, const char *str) finds the first character in
the string str1that matches any character specified in str. This does not include the terminating
null'characters.
Declaration
Following is the declaration for strpbr:() function.
char7strpbrL(constchar7str,constchar7str)
Parameters
str1'' This is the C string to be scanned.
str'' This is the C string containing the characters to match.
!eturn "alue
This function returns a pointer to the character in str that matches one of the characters in str3 or
1$$ if no such character is found.
http://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htm7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
29/31
#xample
The following example shows the usage of strpbr:() function.
#include
#include
intmain ()
{
constcharstr=$"abcdef9hiMLl"'
constcharstr=$""'
char7ret'
ret $strpbrL(str,str)'
if(ret)
{
printf("?irst matchin9 character@ %c&n",7ret)'
+
else
{
printf("Hharacter not found")'
+
return(!)'
+
$et us compile and run the aboe program that will produce the following result0
?irst matchin9 character@
7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
30/31
C library function - strto!()
-dertisements
Preious Page
ext Page
Description
The C library function char *strto!(char *str, const char *delim)brea:s string strinto a series of
to:ens using the delimiter delim.
Declaration
Following is the declaration for strto:() function.
char7strtoL(char7str,constchar7delim)
Parameters
str'' The contents of this string are modified and bro:en into smaller strings (to:ens).
delim'' This is the C string containing the delimiters. These may ary from one call to
another.
!eturn "alue
This function returns a pointer to the last to:en found in the string. - null pointer is returned if there
are no to:ens left to retriee.
#xample
The following example shows the usage of strto:() function.
http://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htmhttp://www.tutorialspoint.com/c_standard_library/string_h.htm7/23/2019 Useful C Library Function
31/31
#include
#include
intmain()
{
charstr=!$"8his is E www.tutorialspoint.com E website"'
constchars=$"E"'
char7toLen'
67 9et the 2rst toLen 76
toLen $strtoL(str,s)'
67 walL throu9h other toLens 76
while(toLen N$OPKK )
{
printf(" %s&n",toLen )'
toLen $strtoL(OPKK,s)'
+
return(!)'
+
$et us compile and run the aboe program that will produce the following result0
8his is
www.tutorialspoint.com
website