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U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017James L. HowardShaobo Liang
United States Department of Agriculture
ForestService
Forest ProductsLaboratory
Research PaperFPL–RP–701
July2019
© Michael Flippo – stock.adobe.com
July 2019Howard, James L.; Liang, Shaobo. 2019. U.S. timber production, trade, consumption, and price statistics, 1965–2017. Research Paper FPL-RP-701. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory. 96 p.A limited number of free copies of this publication are available to the public from the Forest Products Laboratory, One Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, WI 53726-2398. This publication is also available online at www.fpl.fs.fed.us. Laboratory publications are sent to hundreds of libraries in the United States and elsewhere.The Forest Products Laboratory is maintained in cooperation with the University of Wisconsin. The use of trade or firm names in this publication is for reader information and does not imply endorsement by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) of any product or service.
In accordance with Federal civil rights law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, the USDA, its Agencies, offices, and employees, and institutions participating in or administering USDA programs are prohibited from discriminating based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, gender identity (including gender expression), sexual orientation, disability, age, marital status, family/parental status, income derived from a public assistance program, political beliefs, or reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity, in any program or activity conducted or funded by USDA (not all bases apply to all programs). Remedies and complaint filing deadlines vary by program or incident. Persons with disabilities who require alternative means of communication for program information (e.g., Braille, large print, audiotape, American Sign Language, etc.) should contact the responsible Agency or USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720–2600 (voice and TTY) or contact USDA through the Federal Relay Service at (800) 877–8339. Additionally, program information may be made available in languages other than English. To file a program discrimination complaint, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form, AD-3027, found online at http://www.ascr.usda.gov/complaint_filing_cust.html and at any USDA office or write a letter addressed to USDA and provide in the letter all of the information requested in the form. To request a copy of the complaint form, call (866) 632–9992. Submit your completed form or letter to USDA by: (1) mail: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20250–9410; (2) fax: (202) 690–7442; or (3) email: [email protected]. USDA is an equal opportunity provider, employer, and lender.
AbstractThis report presents current and historical annual data on the production, trade, consumption, and prices of timber products in the United States. The report also focuses on national statistics but includes some data for individual states and regions and for Canada. The data were collected from industry trade associations and government agencies. They are intended for use by forest land managers, forest industries, trade associations, forestry schools, renewable resource organizations, individuals in the major timber producing and consuming countries of the world, and the general public. A major use of the data is tracking industry production and consumption trends over time. One of the major shifts that has occurred in the wood-using industry since the great recession of 2008–2010 is that both production and consumption of roundwood per capita increased. Because of increased paper recycling and increased processing efficiency, the consumption per capita in roundwood equivalent decreased from 83 ft3 in 1986 to 49 ft3 in 2008. But during the most recent time period, the increase in production per capita was caused by the
U.S. economic recovery, which positively impacted wood markets. In the 1960s and 1970s, consumption averaged 65 ft3 per capita before increasing and peaking in 1986 to 83 ft3 per capita. Since 2004, consumption per capita has continued to steadily decrease, falling to 42 ft3 in 2009 before increasing to 52.4 ft3 in 2017. Per capita consumption in 2017 was 52.4 ft3, which was the eighth consecutive year of increases. Since 1999, paper consumption fell from 57 to 32 million tons in 2017. Since 1999, newsprint capacity declined from 7.4 to 1.5 million tons in 2017 and printing and writing paper fell from 29.5 to 15.9 million tons of capacity in 2017. Another shift occurring during the past several years is increased emphasis on wood energy use, which has shown wide fluctuations during the last decade and into 2017. One exception to this trend is pellet production and trade, which has continued to grow for the last 5 years. Another shift occurring is the potential for increased production of new products such as cross-laminated timber with the establishment of multiple manufacturing facilities in the Pacific Northwest.
Keywords: production, consumption, import, export
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics,
1965–2017James L. Howard, Economist
Shaobo Liang, Postdoctoral ScientistUSDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
Research Paper FPL–RP–701
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PrefaceThis report includes data for 1965 to 2017. Data for the years prior to 1965 can be found in earlier reports in the series. Since the last publication of this series (Howard and Jones 2016; data compiled through 2013), many agencies have discontinued the collection of various data. This change is indicated on the tables, where applicable. Some data were derived from mathematical calculations, and some show conversions from different units of measurement.
Factors for converting units of measurement to metric and English unitsa
UnitConversion
factorMetric and
English unit
square foot 0.0929 square metercubic foot (log trade) 0.028317 cubic metershort tons (chips) 0.0185 1,000 cubic feetboard foot (hardwood lumber)
0.00236 cubic meter
board foot (softwood lumber)
0.00170 cubic meter
board foot (lumber export and imports)
0.00236 cubic meter
board foot (logs) 0.00453 cubic meter1,000 square feet (1/8-in. panels)
0.295 cubic meter
1,000 square feet (1/4-in. panels)
0.59 cubic meter
1,000 square feet (3/8-in. panels)
0.885 cubic meter
1,000 square feet (3/8-in. panels)
2.036 square foot (surface measure)
1,000 square feet (1/2-in. panels)
1.18 cubic meter
1,000 square feet (3/4-in. panels)
1.77 cubic meter
cubic meterb 0.0023 million square feet (surface measure)
square meter 10.7639 square foot (surface measure)
cord 2.27 cubic metercord 2.65 green tonton 0.0003 1,000 cordston (short ton) 0.907 metric tonpound 0.453592 kilogrampound per cubic foot 16.01846 kilogram per cubic
meterinch 25.4 millimeterBritish thermal unit 0.001 megajouleaU.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service (48,49). bBased on square feet 3/8-inch panels.
Factors for converting standard units to short tons
Product Standard unit
Weight of wood per
standard unit (short tons)
Roundwood products Softwood 1,000 cubic feet 17.5 air dried Hardwood 1,000 cubic feet 20.0 air dried Softwood cord (80 cubic feet) 1.4 Hardwood cord (80 cubic feet) 1.6Lumber Softwood 1,000 board feet 0.974 Hardwood 1,000 board feet 1.680 Laminated veneer lumber 1,000 cubic feet 17.5Structural panels Softwood plywood 1,000 square feet,
3/8-in. basis0.544
Waferboard and OSBa 1,000 square feet, 3/8-in. basis
0.866
Medium-density fiberboard 1,000 square feet, 3/4-in. basis
1.406
Nonstructural panels Hardboard 1,000 square feet,
1/8-in. basis0.380
Insulation board 1,000 square feet, 1/2-in. basis
0.367
Particleboard 1,000 square feet, 3/4-in. basis
0.578
Hardwood plywood 1,000 square feet, 3/8-in. basis
0.657
Hardwood plywood 1,000 square feet, surface measure
0.2
Pulp, paper, and board 1,000 tons 1,000Other industrial products 1,000 tons 16.5aOriented strandboard.
Throughout the tables and text, billion denotes 109. The references cited in the text and in the tables are listed separately. Text references are listed in literature cited. The sources for data in the tables are listed in an annotated bibliography, which is cross-referenced to the tables. This report is available through the Forest Products Laboratory web site (www.fpl.fs.fed.us), and the tables are available through the Forest Service Data Archive (https://doi.org/10.2737/RDS-2018-0035). Tables of conversion factors and a map of Forest Service Administrative regions follow.
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
iii
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Research Paper FPL–RP–701
iv
HighlightsEconomic activity in most of the major timber products markets, including paper and paperboard, remained volatile in 2017, although some product markets grew (such as softwood lumber production) while other production markets showed little change or declined from the previous year. Paper and paperboard production held essentially stable increasing by 0.1% in 2017 from 2016. New housing construction, which accounts for more than a third of the U.S. softwood lumber and structural panels consumed and accounts for substantial volumes of other softwood and hardwood products, grew in 2017 but remained below the peak housing production year of 2005. Consumption of oriented strandboard (OSB) during 2017 continued to exceed plywood consumption as OSB production increased 4.9% in 2017 compared with 2016. The total industrial production index, an important demand determinant for pallet lumber, containerboard, and some grades of paper, increased 1.8% in 2017 (Table 1). Private nonresidential construction expenditures increased in 2017 compared with 2016, and residential fixed investment also increased during 2017. Wood energy use in the United States continued to be volatile, declining during 2017 although wood pellet production grew (Table 60).
The U.S. housing market strengthened during 2017 as sales of both new and previously occupied homes began to rebound from all-time record lows. Starts of conventionally built homes (excluding mobile homes) increased by 2.5% from a year earlier to 1.2 million units during 2017. New and existing home sales in 2017 totaled 6.2 million units; this number consisted of 5.5 million units that were previously occupied and 616 thousand that were new units. A record high for home sales was established in 2005 when 8.4 million units were sold. Of the 8.4 million units sold, 7.1 million units were previously occupied homes and 1.3 million were new units. In terms of market share within region in 2017, new homes sold were strongest in the South, with 650,000 units sold. This represented 50% of all new sales in the United States for 2017. The production index for final products and nonindustrial supplies advanced in 2016 and 2017. The production of durable consumer goods, which includes furniture and fixtures, had moderate to noticeable gains in 2016 and 2017. The index for consumer nondurables, which includes paper products, edged up slightly in 2016 and 2017. Another significant indicator of demand for wood products increased in 2017 relative to 2016: total industrial production rose in 2017, increasing by 1.8%. Housing trends in 2017, along with comparably stronger economic growth, caused the lumber industry to rebound and exceed production levels of one year earlier, but it still remained well below peak production levels of 2005. U.S. softwood lumber production remained below record levels by 17.0%.
The most significant problem facing housing markets since 2017 is the escalation of framing lumber prices, which are up 59% since the start of 2017. Recent National Association of Home Builders (NAHB) surveys suggest the price for lumber has overtaken the availability of labor as the primary business challenge for home builders. Since the beginning of 2017, rising lumber prices have added more than $7,000 to the price of a typical new home and more than $2,000 to the price of a typical apartment.
U.S. consumption of wood and paper products required roundwood input to make products produced in the United States (for domestic consumption). This consumption of roundwood to meet the needs of U.S. consumers (including fuelwood) increased 1.0% per year between 1965 and 1995, from 13.3 to 19.2 billion ft3. This consumption increased to 20.0 billion ft3 in 2005 before decreasing to just 13.1 billion ft3 in 2009 during the great recession. By 2017, this consumption had recovered to 17.1 billion ft3. U.S. production of wood and paper products plus fuelwood use required roundwood harvest from U.S. forests, which also increased 1.0% per year from 1965 to 1995, from 12.3 to 17.6 billion ft3. In contrast to roundwood needed for U.S. product consumption, U.S. roundwood harvest needed for U.S. production has declined since 1991 from 18.8 to 15.9 billion ft3 in 2017, which was 3.7 billion ft3 above the level of harvest in 1965. The 15.9 billion ft3 continued the upward trend of eight straight years of production increases since 2009, which reversed the trend of production declines resulting from the economic downturn of the great recession (Table 5a).
During 2017, apparent consumption of most timber products increased compared with previous year levels. Western production of softwood lumber from the California redwood region increased slightly at 1.1%, and western softwood lumber production increased by 3.0%. Domestic markets for hardwood lumber have been flat in recent years as reflected in four consecutive years of flat production. The combined roundwood and forest chip production for pulp and OSB mills decreased by 1.2% in 2017 from 2016 (AF&PA 2018a). Softwood plywood production reversed its declining trend, increasing in 2017 by 2.5% compared with 1 year earlier. Consumption of OSB continued to exceed plywood consumption during 2017 and has remained above plywood consumption since 1998. Shipments of particleboard and medium-density fiberboard (MDF) were relatively unchanged in 2017 compared with 2016.
U.S. furniture production has essentially been flat since 2015. Although the U.S. furniture market has been expanding, domestic furniture producers have been losing market share because U.S. furniture imports have grown to meet the increased demand. Continued growth in U.S. imports of Chinese, Vietnamese, Indonesian, and Malaysian
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
v
furniture presents an increasing problem for U.S. furniture manufacturers and the companies that supply them with nonstructural panels such as particleboard and MDF as well as hardwood lumber. Imports totaled $5.5 billion in 2017, up 14% from 2016. Shipments from China were $3.8 billion, up 9.3%. Imports from Vietnam totaled $670 million, up 49%, and shipments from Mexico totaled $364 million, up 10.3%. Imports accounted for roughly 35% of the upholstered furniture sold in the United States in 2017, up from 32% in 2016. The ongoing disparity between U.S. furniture production and imports is a sign that the strong U.S. dollar is making the relatively lower prices of furniture imports more attractive to customers (APA — The
Engineered Wood Association 2018a). Not only has total lumber consumed by the U.S. furniture industry decreased but the species mix has changed as well. Less red oak lumber and parts are being used and alternative species such as hard maple are being used.
The near-term outlook is one of continued growth in the demand for most timber products. Timber volumes supplied by the National Forest have increased in recent years. In 2017, valued at about $178 million, National Forest harvest totaled 2.6 billion board feet, making up 5% of the total U.S. timber harvest. This total was down more than 84% from the peak in 1991.
Research Paper FPL–RP–701
vi
ContentsGeneral Economic Trends ...................................................................................................................................................................................1Timber Production, Prices, Trade, and Consumption .........................................................................................................................................2Lumber Production, Prices, Trade, and Consumption ........................................................................................................................................3Wood Pulp and Pulpwood Production, Prices, Trade, and Consumption ...........................................................................................................7Plywood and Veneer Log Production, Prices, Trade, and Consumption ............................................................................................................9Particleboard, Hardboard, and Insulation Board Production, Prices, Trade, and Consumption ....................................................................... 12Miscellaneous Timber Products Production, Prices, Trade, and Consumption ................................................................................................ 13Criteria and Indicators of Sustainable Forest Management .............................................................................................................................. 13Volume and Value of Wood and Wood Products Production ............................................................................................................................ 14Total and Per Capita Consumption of Wood and Wood Products .................................................................................................................... 15Value and Volume in Roundwood Equivalents of Exports and Imports of Wood Products ............................................................................. 16Recovery or Recycling of Forest Products as a Percentage of Total Forest Products Consumption ................................................................ 16Literature Cited ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 16Annotated Bibliography .................................................................................................................................................................................... 17TablesGeneral Economic Trends1—Measures of economic growth, population, and prices, 1965–2017 ........................................................................................................... 232—Number of households and housing market indicators, 1965–2017 ........................................................................................................... 243—Average hourly earnings in timber-based industries and all manufacturing in the United States, 1972–2017 .......................................... 254—Average employment in lumber-producing and lumber-dependent industries in the United States, in thousand people, 1972–2017 ...... 26Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and PricesAll Products–Tables 5–7 in Roundwood Equivalents5a—Production, imports, exports, and consumption of timber products, by major product, 1965–2017 (cubic feet) .................................... 275b—Production, imports, exports, and consumption of timber products, by major product, 1965–2017 (cubic meters) ............................... 285c—Production, imports, exports, and consumption of timber products, by major product, 1965–2017 (metric tons carbon) ...................... 296a—Production, imports, exports, and consumption of softwood timber products, by major product, 1965–2017 (cubic feet) .................... 306b—Production, imports, exports, and consumption of softwood timber products, by major product, 1965–2017 (cubic meters) ................ 316c—Production, imports, exports, and consumption of timber products, by major product, 1965–2017 (metric tons carbon) ...................... 327a—Production, imports, exports, and consumption of hardwood timber products, by major product, 1965–2017 (cubic feet) ................... 337b—Production, imports, exports, and consumption of hardwood timber products, by major product, 1965–2017 (cubic meters) .............. 34 7c—Production, imports, exports, and consumption of timber products, by major product, 1965–2017 (metric tons carbon) ...................... 35 8a—Production, imports, exports, and consumption of timber products (excludes additives and fillers) in tons, by major product, 1965–2017 (million tons) .............................................................................................................................................................................. 368b—Production, imports, exports, and consumption of timber products (excludes additives and fillers) in tons, by major product, 1965–2017 (thousand metric tons) ................................................................................................................................................................ 379—U.S. annual industrial wood product production in thousands of short tons, product weight, 1965–2017 ................................................ 3810—Industrial wood productivity, 1965–2017 ................................................................................................................................................. 3911a—Per capita consumption of timber products, by major product, 1965–2017 ........................................................................................... 4011b—Per capita consumption of timber products, by major product, 1965–2017 (cubic meters) ................................................................... 4112—Consumption of selected timber products and other materials used in construction, manufacturing, and shipping, 1965–2017 ............ 4213—Volume and value of imports and exports of timber products by product, 2017 ...................................................................................... 4414—Value of imports and exports of all commodities and timber products, 1965–2017 ................................................................................ 4515—Foreign exchange rates by selected country and year, 1975–2017 ........................................................................................................... 46Logs16—Log imports by major species, 1965–2017 ............................................................................................................................................... 4817—Log imports by major region of origin, 1965–2017 ................................................................................................................................. 4918—Log exports by major species, 1965–2017 ............................................................................................................................................... 5019—Log exports by major region of destination, 1965–2017 .......................................................................................................................... 5120—Average stumpage prices for sawtimber sold from National Forests, by selected species, 1965–2017 ................................................... 5221—Volume and value of sawtimber stumpage sold from National Forests, by selected species and region, 2017 ....................................... 53
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
vii
22—Average stumpage prices for sawtimber sold from private lands in Louisiana, by selected species, 1965–2017 .................................... 5623—Veneer log production, by softwoods and hardwoods, 1965–2017 .......................................................................................................... 57Pulpwood24—Pulpwood consumption, production, imports, exports, and the equivalent wood volumes of imports and exports of paper, board, and wood pulp, 1965–2017 ........................................................................................................................................................................... 5825—Pulpwood production, by region and softwoods and hardwoods, 1965–2017 ......................................................................................... 5926—Pulpwood stumpage prices of Louisiana and northern New Hampshire, 1965–2017 .............................................................................. 6027—Pulpwood prices of Louisiana and northern New Hampshire, 1965–2017 .............................................................................................. 61Lumber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Prices28—Lumber production, imports, exports, and consumption by softwoods and hardwoods, 1965–2017 ...................................................... 6229—Lumber production, by region and softwoods and hardwoods, 1965–2017 ............................................................................................. 6330—Lumber production in the U.S., 1965–2017 ............................................................................................................................................. 6431—United States lumber imports, by softwoods and hardwoods and country of origin, 1965–2017 ............................................................ 6532—United States lumber exports, by softwoods and hardwoods and country of destination, 1965–2017 .................................................... 6633—Lumber production in Canada, by softwoods and hardwoods and region, 1965–2017 ............................................................................ 6734—Lumber and competing engineered wood products production, by type of product, 1970–2017 ............................................................ 6835—Producer price indexes for lumber and selected nonwood competing materials, 1965–2017 .................................................................. 6936—Relative producer price index for lumber, 1800–2017 ............................................................................................................................. 72Plywood and Veneer Production, Trade, Consumption, and Prices37—Plywood production, imports, exports, and consumption by softwoods and hardwoods, 1965–2017 ..................................................... 7338—Production, imports, exports, and consumption of structural panel products, by type, 1980–2017 ......................................................... 7439—Hardwood plywood imports, by country or region of origin, 1965–2017 ................................................................................................ 7540—Veneer imports and exports, by species, 1965–2017 ................................................................................................................................ 7641—Hardwood veneer imports, by country or region of origin, 1965–2017 ................................................................................................... 7742—Producer price indexes for plywood, 1965–2017 ..................................................................................................................................... 78Paper, Board, and Wood Pulp Production, Trade, Consumption, and Prices43—Paper and board production, imports, exports, and consumption, 1965–2017 ......................................................................................... 7944—Paper shipments, imports, exports, and consumption, 1965–2017 ........................................................................................................... 8045—Paperboard production, imports, exports, and consumption, 1965–2017 ................................................................................................. 8146—Paper and board production and fibrous materials consumed in the manufacture of paper and board, 1965–2017 ................................ 8247—Paper and board new supply, and recyclable paper consumption, exports, imports, and total recovered, 1965–2017 ............................ 8348—Recovered paper consumption, by major grade, in paper and paperboard manufacture, 1970–2017 ...................................................... 8449—Wood pulp production, imports, exports, and consumption, 1965–2017 ................................................................................................. 8550—Pulpwood consumed in the manufacture of wood pulp, 1965–2017 ........................................................................................................ 8651—Producer price indexes for paper, board, and wood pulp, 1965–2017 ...................................................................................................... 8752—Producer price indexes for wastepaper, by grade, 1965–2017.................................................................................................................. 88Particleboard, Hardboard, and Insulating Board Production, Trade, Consumption, and Prices53—Particleboard and medium-density fiberboard production, imports, exports, and consumption, 1965–2017 .......................................... 8954—Insulating board production, imports, exports, and consumption, 1965–2017 (square feet) .................................................................... 9055—Insulating board production, imports, exports, and consumption, 1965–2017 (tons) .............................................................................. 9156—Hardboard production, imports, exports, and consumption, 1965–2017 .................................................................................................. 9257—Producer price indexes for hardboard and particleboard, 1965–2017 ...................................................................................................... 93 58—Production of treated wood products by type of treatment, treatment plant, and product, 1984–2017 .................................................... 9459—Forest chemical products production in gallons and short tons, 1965–2017 ............................................................................................ 95Wood Energy Use60—Wood energy use in the United States, 1973–2017................................................................................................................................... 96
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
Figure 1. Housing starts by type of unit, 1965–2017.
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Single familyTotal units MultifamilyGeneral Economic TrendsThe U.S. economy continues to remain very robust. For the full year of 2017, U.S. real gross domestic product (GDP) growth remained at 2.3%. The real value of goods and services produced in the economy, as measured by GDP adjusted for changes in prices (real GDP), has now grown in each of the past 8 years since 2009. Employment continued to expand in 2017 as the unemployment rate, which has been declining since 2010, fell to a 9 year low in 2017 of 4.4%. Economic activity, as measured by the GDP, rose at an annual rate of 2.3% in 2017 to $17,092 billion (2009 dollars). This was up from $16,716 billion (2009 dollars) during 2016. U.S. economic activity as measured by the GDP in all likelihood will become stronger because of the relatively low growth of hourly earnings, which indicates there remains some room in the U.S. job market to support growth. Although job growth has been edging very gradually downward, it remains at a healthy level, showing ongoing positive momentum in the economy. The total count for employees in the civilian labor force has increased gradually during the last 9 years to 153 million in 2017, a record high. Expectations are for the U.S. economy to continue on this healthy track for the short term. Investment in new residential construction has increased annually since 2011, increasing by 90% to $953 billion in 2017 (U.S. Council of Economic Advisors 2018, p. 19). Because residential construction fell to a record low during the great recession combined with the vast amount of overbuilding of houses during the years leading up to the crisis, the strong investment in residential construction (1.2 million units in 2017) still leaves housing starts well below record level of 2.1 million units established in 2005. One of the leading contributors to economic growth in 2017 was the household sector. In the household or home ownership sector, credit conditions continued to improve as consumer credit outstanding reached 3.8 trillion dollars in 2017, a record high. Purchases of durable goods also rose at a robust pace reaching 1.7 trillion dollars in 2017, another record high. In the business sector, investment in equipment and software posted solid gains in 2017 and global demand for U.S. goods and services was strong. The growth in U.S. exports supported job gains in 2017 as well as the continued expansion of manufacturing output. Conditions in residential real estate markets continued to improve in 2017, with a modest increase toward the end of the year and continued strengthening in demand for new housing.
Pending tariffs on United States exports could result in a downturn in the global economy.
New housing construction, which accounts for more than a third of the U.S. annual consumption of softwood lumber and structural panels and for substantial volumes of other softwood and hardwood products, continued to grow during 2017 (Tables 1 and 2; Fig. 1). Starts of single-family units accounted for the increase; multifamily housing starts decreased during 2017. Single-family housing starts have almost doubled since 2011, increasing drastically by 97.0%. Multifamily housing starts have also increased drastically by 99.0% in that time frame. Housing starts for 2017 were 1.2 million units as sales of new houses grew in 2017 to 616,000 units. Housing starts increased in 2017 but remain well below the historical high in 2005. The new home ownership rate reached 69% in 2004 equaling the all-time high but has since fallen to 60.0% in 2017. Builder’s expectations for housing starts in 2017 remained upbeat and were realized because mortgage rates remained at historically low levels. Historically, repair and remodeling was an important determinant and driver of wood product demand. In 2017, both remained well below the historical high set in 2005 for housing starts and 2006 for residential improvements but both have continued a solid growth path during the last 5 years. The National Association of Home Builders (NAHB) Remodeling Market Index (RMI) remained above the expansion threshold, posting a reading of 60 in the fourth quarter of 2017, with home maintenance and repair at 61. The RMI has held at or above the expansion threshold of 50 for five consecutive years, with this being the second time since 2014 the index has reached 60. Although sales of new homes remained below historical levels in 2017, the 616 thousand units sold in 2017 was
Research Paper FPL–RP–701
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Figure 2. Economic activity in major industrial timber markets.
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the highest level of new homes sold since 2011. Existing home sales were up slightly in 2017 reaching 5,536,000, which was up 29.0% from 2011. This shows that in 2017, the housing industry continued to improve as the state of the U.S. economy continued to improve.
Shipments of manufactured housing increased during 2017 to 94,000 units, which was 13,000 units above the 2016 shipments level.
The value of private construction put in place rose to $953.0 billion (current dollars) in 2017, increasing about $54.1 billion from 1 year ago. Residential value was $516 billion, which contained $165 billion in residential improvements. Gross private domestic investment increased in 2017 for both nonresidential and residential housing units. Spending on new single and multifamily residential structures was $598 billion (2009 dollars) in 2017 compared with $470.4 billion for nonresidential structures.
Industrial production, an important demand determinant for pallet lumber, containerboard, and some grades of paper, increased 1.8% in 2017, compared with 2016 (Table 1; Fig. 2). Output of the furniture and fixtures industry, a major market for hardwood lumber, plywood, veneer, particleboard, and hardboard, was flat in 2017. Future increases are likely because of continued growth in the U.S. housing industry. But despite the optimism, the strong U.S. dollar continues to work against the U.S. domestic furniture industry. The industrial production index for paper and products decreased, whereas the manufacturing sector index increased slightly.
Timber Production, Prices, Trade, and ConsumptionTotal roundwood production increased to 15.9 billion ft3 in 2017, up from the 15.5 billion ft3 of production from a year earlier (Fig. 3). This marks the eighth straight year of increased production after four straight years of decreased roundwood production since 2005, when roundwood production was 16.0 billion ft3. Roundwood has generally been on the decline since the mid1990s. The high point for roundwood harvest was 1991 when total roundwood production was 18.8 billion ft3.
Lumber and engineered wood products sectors were significant contributors to current wood products production and consumption because both sectors continued to increase production in 2017. The production of sawlogs used in the domestic manufacture of lumber increased in 2017 to 6.3 billion ft3, which was the seventh consecutive year of increased sawlog production. The 6.3 billion ft3 was down 17.5% from the peak year of 2005, when 7.7 billion ft3 of sawlogs were produced, but was above sawlog production of the previous year by 3.2%. This represents about 41% of total industrial roundwood production in 2017. Softwood lumber production represented about 47% of softwood
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Figure 3. Production and consumption of timber products.
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roundwood harvest, and hardwood lumber made up 29% of hardwood roundwood harvest in 2017. Pulpwood, which composes about 35% of total industrial roundwood, decreased slightly from a year earlier. Although roundwood pulpwood production has consistently fallen since the late 1990s, the pulpwood share of industrial roundwood production has remained fairly constant. During that time, roundwood used to produce lumber has been volatile (Table 5a).
Lumber Production, Prices, Trade, and ConsumptionProductionAn estimated 42.2 billion board feet (bf) of lumber (softwoods plus hardwoods) was produced in the United States in 2017 (Table 28). Since 1965, lumber production has generally trended upward, except for periods of economic slowdown such as the mid1970s, early 1980s, and
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Figure 4. U.S. lumber production by wood type, 1965–2017.
Figure 5. U.S. lumber production by region, 1965–2017.
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more recently 2006 to 2010. Many western mills dependent on federal timber were forced to dramatically decrease production or close entirely. This resulted in an overall decline in lumber production, shifts in production to other regions, and increased levels of foreign imports. These declining trends have reversed since 2011 as annual lumber production continues to increase.
Softwood lumber production in 2017 was 33.9 billion bf (Table 28; Fig. 4), 80% of total lumber production. Hardwood lumber production was about 8.3 billion bf. The overall decline in lumber production since 2005 that was almost entirely at the expense of softwood lumber was reversed in 2011 with a trend starting of seven consecutive years of increased production. Softwood lumber production from 2000 to 2005 generally trended toward record production levels, peaking at 39.8 billion bf in 2005 before declining quite severely after 2005 to production levels not seen since the 1950s. But, these numbers have since rebounded. Hardwood lumber production has generally trended downward from the high production levels of the late 1990s before bottoming out in 2010 then experiencing flat production during more recent years.
In 2017, the South was the largest lumber-producing region in the United States at 21.5 billion bf (Table 29; Fig. 5). The West was the second largest region at 14.4 billion bf, followed by the North at 6.4 billion bf.
The West, although the second largest overall producing region, had traditionally been the largest softwood lumber producing region, with nearly 98% (14.1 billion bf) of its total production being softwood species. However, in 2017, softwood lumber production in the South was about 85% of its total production, exceeding the total softwood volume of the West. The North produced 1.6 billion bf softwood lumber in 2017.
Until the 1990s, the West had been the largest lumber-producing region in the United States. From 1966 until 1975, for example, more than half (55%) of all lumber produced in the United States came from the West. Much of this production came from old-growth timber on federally owned lands in the Pacific Coast region (Washington, Oregon, and California). Since the early 1980s, the proportion of lumber coming from the West has slowly decreased to just under half, because of declining levels of timber from public lands and increasing levels of production in the South. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, large areas of federally owned land in the West were removed from harvest. This removal further decreased western harvest. In 1990, the South became the nation’s largest lumber-producing region, accounting for 35% of all softwood lumber and 80% of all hardwoods. During the late 1990s, softwood lumber production in the South and West increased. Between 2000 and 2005, softwood lumber production continued to increase in the South and moderated in the West. During this time period, the West ceased being the leading softwood lumber producing region. Even with the overall decline in lumber production in all regions since 2005, the South still maintains its position as the leading softwood lumber producing region.
Total lumber production in the North remained fairly steady from 1965 through the early 1990s at about 4.5 billion bf per year (Table 29; Fig. 5). It then increased rapidly to 8.8 billion bf in 1999. Nearly all of this increase was in hardwood lumber production. However, hardwood lumber production started to decline in 2000 brought on by the decline in the U.S. furniture manufacturing industry, which resulted from increased Chinese and other Asian imports. Also during this time, the shift in fashion trends away from red oak continued. During the past several years, hardwood lumber production has stabilized with a flat production trend even though the state of the U.S. economy is strong coupled with an upturn in the forest products sector.
Imports and ExportsIn 2017, lumber imports to the United States from all countries totaled 16.1 billion bf, down slightly from the previous year (Tables 28 and 31). Also in 2017, exports from the United States to all countries totaled 3.6 billion bf (Tables 28 and 32). The difference, 12.5 billion bf, was net foreign trade and represented lumber consumption in the United States in excess of that which was produced domestically. Net foreign trade represented one-fourth
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
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(24%) of total domestic lumber consumption in 2017. Except for periods of low overall U.S. demand, including the most recent economic downtown, lumber imports to the United States have grown steadily since 1965. Nearly all of the growth was in softwood lumber imports. In 1965, softwood lumber imports totaled 4.9 billion bf. By 2005, softwood lumber imports were 24.7 billion bf, an increase of 19.8 billion bf. In contrast, hardwood lumber imports were 0.3 billion bf in 1965 and 1.1 billion bf in 2005. However, one major exception to this trend was the weakening of economic conditions in the United States between 2008 and 2011, which caused a dramatic reversal in lumber imports. Softwood lumber imports dropped about 64% from 24.7 billion bf in 2005 to 8.9 billion bf in 2009, while hardwood lumber imports dropped from 1.1 billion bf in 2005 to 0.4 billion bf in 2013. Since 2011, new home construction, the historical driver of softwood lumber consumption as a percentage of total lumber use, has been on a slow and steady comeback from the depths of the great recession, and the trend line for the sector is expected to overtake repair and remodeling in the next few years. Lumber consumption in the repair and remodeling sector has outpaced new home construction for eleven consecutive years.
Canada has always been the principal source of lumber imported into the United States (Table 31). In 2013, 94% of all lumber imports were from Canada. Canada is the principal source of both softwood lumber and hardwood lumber imports to the United States. In 2017, nearly 91% of all softwood lumber and 46% of all hardwood lumber imported to the United States were from Canada. The percentage of softwood lumber from nonCanadian sources has generally been increasing in recent years (since 2012). Hardwood imports from Canada as a percentage of total hardwood imports fell fairly steadily from 1950 through the 1970s and again since 2006. Overall, the United States imported nearly 50% of Canadian lumber production in 2017.
Lumber exports grew fairly steadily from 1965 through 1991, reaching a record high of nearly 4.6 billion bf in 1990 (Tables 28 and 32). Since 1990, lumber exports fell to a minimum of 1.8 billion bf in 2009 and have since increased to 2.6 billion bf in 2017. Numerous factors contributed to the decline in lumber exports during the last 30 years. Some of these were decreased softwood sawtimber supplies, particularly from the Pacific Coast, changing economic conditions in the major importing countries, strength of the U.S. dollar in relation to other world currencies, increased levels of exports from other major timber-producing countries, and the 2008 economic weakening in the United States. During the mid1980s and early 1990s, Japan was by far the largest single market for U.S. exported lumber. In 1989, Japan purchased 1.6 billion bf of lumber (Table 32). Since then, exports to Japan have fallen to just one-tenth of their previous level. China is currently the largest
single market for exported lumber, followed closely by Mexico and Canada, which accounted for 19% and 15%, respectively, of all exports.
More than half (62%) of total lumber exports in 1996 were softwood species, 1.8 billion bf (Table 32). In the late 1960s and early 1970s, softwood lumber accounted for about 85% of total lumber exports. Since then, softwood lumber’s share of total lumber exports has fallen steadily from around 78% in the 1980s to 41% in 2005. Since 2005, however, as a percentage of total lumber exports, softwood lumber exports experienced an increasing trend and then a decreasing trend and currently sit at 67%. This appears to have been caused by a substantial increase in recent hardwood exports. The most important softwood lumber export markets in 2017 were China, which accounted for about 21% of total softwood lumber exports, Mexico at 19.4%, and Canada at 18.6%. All other countries accounted for the remaining exports. China and Mexico were the two largest markets for exported hardwood lumber from the United States in 2017. China is the fastest growing market for hardwood lumber.
ConsumptionLumber consumption in the United States in 2017 for all uses totaled 54.7 billion bf, an increase of 17.0 billion bf since 2009, which was the low point of the great recession. Lumber consumption since 2009 has increased in each of the last 8 years. Lumber consumption peaked at 74.5 billion bf in 2005 (Table 28), which was a record high that even exceeded levels in the early 1900s when lumber was the most important raw material used in the United States for construction, manufactured products, and shipping.
Per capita consumption in 2017 was 168 bf, a large departure from the record high of 251 bf in 2005 (Table 28). The decline in per capita consumption continued as a result of the decline in wood products markets until 2011 when per capita consumption increased to 128, the first increase since 2005. This level of consumption is still dramatically below that of the early 1900s when consumption exceeded 500 bf per person.
Overall, about 69.0% of the softwood lumber consumed in 2017 was used for housing, with 30.0% used for the construction of new units and 39.0% of consumption for the upkeep and improvement of existing units. New nonresidential construction accounted for about 11.1%. Lumber consumption used for shipping (pallets, containers, and dunnage) accounted for 13.8%. The remaining 6.1% was for all other uses. The “all other” category includes an unknown amount of lumber used for other construction purposes such as nonresidential upkeep and improvements (WWPA 2018).
In 2017, 47.9 billion bf of the 54.7 billion bf of lumber consumed in the United States was softwood species, or about 87.6% (Table 28; Fig.6). Slight annual variations
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Figure 6. Lumber production and consumption by wood type, 1965–2017.
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in the percentage of softwood and hardwood lumber used are common and are a result of differing levels of activity in the various end use markets and variations in species consumption among them. About 98% of the domestic lumber production used in new housing in 2017 was estimated to have been softwood species. The increase in percentage of softwood lumber used in housing was largely caused by a decline in hardwood flooring and rapid increase in house size that occurred in the 1990s, which required larger amounts of softwood dimension lumber for framing. Increased use of engineered wood products in recent years, substituting for dimension lumber in both residential and nonresidential construction, has tended to decrease the softwood percentage. Even with the variations caused by differences in end use markets, softwood lumber consumption as a percentage of total lumber consumption has remained around 86% since the 1960s.
PricesOverall, softwood lumber prices rebounded in 2017, exceeding the record high set during 2004. The actual producer price index for softwood lumber was 158.1 in 2017 (2009 = 100), up from 148.4 in 2004 (Table 35; Fig. 7). Historically, the producer price index for softwood lumber rose rapidly between 1965 and 1979, from 20.4 to 83.5. This represented an average increase of about 10.0% per year. During the early years of the 1980s, a mild recession depressed lumber prices. It wasn’t until late in the decade that prices again reached record levels. On average, lumber prices increased just 2.0% per year during the 1980s. The price index again began to move upward in the early 1990s caused in part by the effect on the sawmill industry from timber harvest reductions in the West. Since 1994, the softwood lumber producer price index has fluctuated from a relative high of 140.1 in 1994 to a low of 100 in 2009 and then to 158.1 in 2017. Overall, the softwood lumber producer price index increased at a rate of about 5.0% per year between 1965 and 1999, then increased approximately 1.3% per year from 1999 to 2005, then decreased at a rate of 0.5% per year between 2005 and 2017. There are a number
of reasons why lumber prices have risen, including a rail car shortage in Canada, but the primary factor is the 21% effective tariff rate placed on Canadian softwood lumber.
Hardwood lumber prices, as measured by the hardwood lumber producer price index, have historically been much less volatile than softwood lumber. In 2017, the producer price index for hardwood lumber was 128.4, which was 12.9 points below the record high established in 2014 (Table 35; Fig. 8). Historically, hardwood lumber prices have increased at a rate of about 3.6% per year.
The relative producer price index for a given commodity measures the change in its price relative to all other commodities and is calculated by dividing its producer price index by that for all commodities. If the relative price index is less than 100, then the given commodity is relatively less expensive than other commodities. If it is greater than 100, then it is relatively more expensive.
In 2017, the relative price of softwood lumber compared with its 2009 price was 158.1, up 9.7 points from 2004 (Table 35; Fig. 7). Since 1965, relative softwood lumber prices ranged from a low of 20.4 to a high of 158.1 in 2017. The relative hardwood lumber price index in 2017 was 128.4, down from 141.3 in 2014 (Table 35; Fig. 8). Long-term hardwood price indexes have been more stable than those for softwood lumber, ranging from a low of 21.7 in 1965 to a high of 141.3 in 2004.
Engineered wood products such as glulam, I-joists, and laminated veneer lumber (LVL) are forecast to increase steadily. Glulam production during 2017 was 271.3 million bf, up 5.6% from the previous year but down from the record high of 491 million bf in 2005 (Table 34; Fig. 9). A little more than one-half of U.S. glulam goes to new residential construction and remodeling uses. Nonresidential construction consumes the next largest proportion of glulam production.
During 2017, LVL production was 73 million ft3, which was up 12.3% from one year earlier but down from the 2005 record high of 91 million ft3, while I-joist production was 518.0 million linear feet, up 7.5% from the previous year but down from the record high of 1,282 million linear feet in 2004. The volume of LVL production used for I-joist flanges has kept pace with I-joist production in recent years. In 2017, 90% of all I-joists were used in new residential construction. Approximately 3% were used in remodeling and 7% in nonresidential construction. A small volume of I-joists was exported to Japan.
New hybrid products such as wood or natural fiber–plastic composites continue to come on the market and now compete directly with traditional wood products. These new products are being used for decking, siding, roofing, and millwork. Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is another new engineered product with the possibility of hybrid uses. CLT consists of layers of dimension lumber (typically
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Figure 7. Price indexes for softwood lumber, 1965–2017.Figure 10. Pulpwood production by wood type, 1965–2017.
Figure 8. Price indexes for hardwood lumber, 1965–2017.
Figure 9. Production of glulam, I-joists, and laminated veneer lumber, 1965–2017.
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three, five, or seven) oriented at right angles to one another and then glued to form structural panels with exceptional strength, dimensional stability, and rigidity. Also trending are the hybrid uses of CLT and concrete, referred to as CLT composite concrete. Growing interest in CLT among construction professionals should encourage the expanded use of CLT panels. Production data for these new products are not available yet.
Wood Pulp and Pulpwood Production, Prices, Trade, and ConsumptionTotal wood pulp production in U.S. mills in 2017 is estimated to be about 52.7 million tons based on data published by the American Forest & Paper Association (AF&PA) (Table 49). This is the same as the level from the previous year but 21.5% below the previous high produced in 1995. Most U.S. paper companies have experienced poor financial returns for nearly a decade. With the exception of a short-lived boom in 1995, the 1990s were a decade of low profitability, and the 2000s were the decade of consolidations and plant closures. Plagued by overcapacity and low commodity prices, the industry failed to earn its cost of capital throughout most of the 1990s. The negative growth during 2001 and 2002 was the first time that capacity had ever declined for two consecutive years during the 40 years that AF&PA has been compiling capacity data. Extending the downward trend that began in 2001, U.S. paper and paperboard capacity declined 0.8% in 2005 to 99.3 million tons. Paper and paperboard capacity declined 4.4% between 2000 and 2005. The AF&PA’s 58th annual capacity survey (AF&PA 2018a) revealed that paper and paperboard capacity in the United States declined 0.3% in 2017 to a level of 84.3 million short tons after declining 1.6% in 2016 and 0.3% in 2015.
On the basis of these volumes, related data on pulpwood production published by the AF&PA, which includes both roundwood and chips, shows an estimated 90.9 million cords in 2017, about 1.2% below production levels of the previous year (Table 24; Fig. 10). This volume is about 9.7% below 2007 levels and below the record high level established in 1994. Pulpwood production has seen its fair share of ups and downs during the past decade. There was a downward trend that began in 2008 and continued into 2017, but it was interrupted by a brief increase in production between 2010 and 2012 before resuming the downward trend. This lengthy decline in pulpwood production
Research Paper FPL–RP–701
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Figure 11. Pulpwood production in the U.S. South, 1965–2017. Figure 12. Pulpwood production in the U.S. West, 1965–2017.
Figure 13. Pulpwood production in the U.S. North, 1965–2017.
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coincided with the decline in wood pulp production. Mill shutdowns had a strong impact with nearly 10 million tons of paper and paperboard capacity removed between 2000 and 2010. The decline continued into 2017 with production falling to 83 million tons. The slowdown in pulpwood production reversed in 2003 with the industry experiencing its second straight year of increased pulpwood production in 2004 (Table 24). Since 2004, however, pulpwood production entered a period of volatility with an up and down production trend, but mostly down, that continued into 2017. Softwood roundwood and chip production in 2017 was 68 million cords, down 1.3% from 2016 (Table 25). In 2017, all three of the major producing regions showed slight decreases in output. In the West, production of softwood in 2017 was at 4.8 million cords. Softwood output in the North held steady at 7.0 million cords. Southern softwood roundwood production was relatively unchanged in 2017 at 56.2 million cords. About 75% of U.S. softwood roundwood pulpwood produced came from southern forests.
Output of hardwood roundwood and chips in 2017 was 22.9 million cords, relatively unchanged from the previous year. Although the output of hardwood pulpwood and chips has gradually declined during the previous 4 years, the proportion of total round pulpwood and chips from hardwood species has also slowly decreased. This continued the downward trend that started in 1994 and continued into 2017. Through the 1960s and early 1970s, hardwoods became an increasingly important source of round pulpwood, a reflection of changes in pulping technology, the types of pulp produced, and the relative price of different species. In 2017, hardwood pulpwood comprised 25% of total U.S. pulpwood production. This was unchanged from 25% of pulpwood production the previous year. Further erosion in pulpwood demand is likely as capacity to produce paper and paperboard continues a downward trend that began in 2001 caused by continued increased demand for electronic media.
AF&PA data on pulpwood consumption in wood pulp production indicate that pulpwood production in the South in 2017 was 72.7 million cords, down from the
high production year in 2004 when 80.2 million cords of pulpwood was produced (Table 25; Fig. 11).
The South has accounted for more than 65% of total U.S. pulpwood production in the past 30 years. In 2017, the South accounted for 80%. All of the 14 states in the South have contributed to the previously mentioned decline in pulpwood production. However, this decrease has been greatest in Georgia and Alabama, which together accounted for a third of the pulpwood output in this region. This is consistent with the location of the industry within the area. Of the total number of pulp mills in the South, some 30% are located in Alabama and Georgia.
About 77% of the 72.7 million cords of round pulpwood harvested in the South in 2017 was softwood. This proportion has been gradually increasing during the two decades prior to 2017, and the trend continued into 2017. Southern softwood roundwood output increased in 2004 and has been fairly consistent since then, while hardwoods have slowly declined. Between 2004 and 2017, for example, hardwood roundwood production declined by an average of 0.05 million cords per year while softwood roundwood decreased on average by less than 0.1 million cords per year since 2003.
Receipts of domestically produced pulpwood in the West leveled off after declining throughout the 1990s but began to decline again after 2005. Softwood production in the West
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Figure 14. Total pulpwood production and consumption, 1965–2017.
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has gradually fallen since 1988. Softwood production was 5.0 million cords in 2013, below 2004 levels of 5.4 million cords and down from 17.4 million cords of production in 1988 (Table 25; Fig. 12). Chips accounted for roughly the same percentage of pulpwood production in 2013 as it did in 2005, declining slightly during the last 3 years. Of the total production of pulpwood, roundwood, and chips, 73% was from softwood species. Production of hardwood roundwood has also held steady during the last 3 years.
Data on domestically produced mill receipts indicate that pulpwood production in the North, roundwood plus chips, was 12.1 million cords in 2017, below the 14.6 million cords that were produced in 2006 (Table 25; Fig. 13). About 42% of the total was from hardwood species, 5% below the proportion in 2006. About 72% of the total pulpwood output in the North was from roundwood, about equal to the proportion for the South in 2013. The use of chip residues in the North has been declining steadily as in other U.S. regions.
Stumpage prices began to rebound in lower Louisiana and other areas in the South as the recovery from the economic downturn that began in 2008 continued (RISI 2017). Also, the increase in prices reflected the contraction in both U.S. softwood and hardwood demand as more than a quarter of the country’s 186 pulp mills shut down after 1996. With stronger demand present in the market, pulpwood stumpage prices during 2017 moved higher than in 2005. Pine and hardwood pulpwood prices peaked in the South, the nation’s largest fiber market, during 1998 when the stumpage price for Louisiana pine was $37 per cord (2009 dollars) before falling to $23 per cord in 2017 (Table 26). Delivered pulpwood price for Southern Pine was $19 per cord in 2017, well below the record high in 1998 (Table 27).
Pulpwood prices vary a great deal among species and regions. In general, prices were historically highest for softwoods, especially the long fiber northern species such as spruce and fir. In some areas in response to changes in pulping technology and pulpwood availability and quality, the relationship between hardwood and softwood prices has changed. For example, in Louisiana, the softwood pulpwood price per cord stayed at a higher level than hardwoods during the 1990s for every year other than 1995 when the price of hardwood pulpwood exceeded the softwood price. Since 2001, the hardwood pulpwood price in Louisiana has generally exceeded that of the softwood pulpwood.
Pulpwood stumpage prices for most species followed the same trends as pulpwood prices and slowed during 1999 (Tables 26 and 27). In Louisiana, for example, Southern Pine pulpwood stumpage decreased from $28.56 (2009 dollars) in 2007 to $22.58 (2009 dollars) in 2017. In contrast to softwoods, Louisiana hardwood stumpage prices increased from 2007 to 2010, rising 38% compared with a 17.5% increase from 2010 to 2013 for Southern Pine. Pulpwood and pulpwood stumpage prices have
been quite volatile during the last 10 years. Most of the volatility has been caused by falling capacity and industry restructuring as well as the prior recession, resulting in lowered demand. The U.S. pulp and paper industry has brought capital spending to levels well under depreciation and amortization, effectively pulling capital out of the industry. U.S. companies have also continued to consolidate their operations in response to increased global competition, reduced demand, and poor financial returns. The result has been a closing of marginal mills, further reducing the capacity base.
Apparent pulpwood consumption in U.S. mills in 2017 was an estimated 90.9 million cords (Table 24; Fig. 14). This was a decrease from the 95.0 million cords of consumption in 2012. In total, about 90.9 million cords of pulpwood domestic production plus net imports were required to meet the relatively flat demand for paper, paperboard, and pulp products in 2017. Wood requirements for exports amounted to an additional 0.06 million cords.
Plywood and Veneer Log Production, Prices, Trade, and ConsumptionSoftwood plywood production in 2017 was estimated at 9.0 billion square feet (3/8-in. basis) based on data published by APA – The Engineered Wood Association (Table 37; Figs. 15 and 16). This is slightly above production of the previous year. The rise in production during 2017 was the second consecutive year of production increases. This was the result of the wood-using sector continuing to recover from the weakened state caused by the housing recession that began in 2008. OSB continued to increase its share of the market once dominated by plywood. For example, between 1994 and 2017, softwood plywood production declined by 54%.
Historically, production of softwood plywood was concentrated in the West, chiefly in the Pacific Coast states of Washington, Oregon, and California. However, these three states during 2017 accounted for 29% of
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Figure 16. Softwood plywood production and consumption, 1965–2017.
Figure 15. Total plywood production and consumption, 1965–2017.
Figure 17. Hardwood plywood production and consumption, 1965–2017.
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plywood production. In the years since the first plywood plant began production in the South, production in that region grew to 65% of plywood production before falling to 62% of production in 2017. For example, during the 10 years from 2007 to 2017, production in the South has increased to 5.6 billion ft2 (3/8-in. basis) while falling to 2.6 million ft2 in the West. Although the volume produced was down somewhat during the last 3 years in the South, the percentage of total U.S. production from southern plants continued to increase.
About two-thirds of the softwood plywood manufactured in 2017 was from Southern Pine.
In 2017, hardwood plywood production was similar to the previous year at an estimated 1.8 billion ft2 (3/8-in. basis) (Table 37; Fig. 17). This volume was the highest since 2007, which continues the recent trend of small annual increases during the previous 3 years. Weak demand from the furniture, cabinetry, and fixtures sector was the main factor fueling the percentage decline in production from 2007. Stock hardwood plywood accounts for slightly more than half of all the hardwood plywood produced. Of this amount, eastern producers, with their proximity to the hardwood forest resource, produce 60% of hardwood plywood, while western producers account for 38% of production, with the Great Lakes Region making up the remainder.
Hardwood plywood producers use a wide range of species for the face veneers of their products. Red oak remains the most popular species at 35% of the market, followed by birch at 29%, and maple at 17%. The cores used in the hardwood plywood industry vary from veneer plies at 63% of the market to MDF cores at 16%. The use of MDF and particleboard cores has increased steadily since 1991.
Softwood plywood prices as measured by the actual producer price index increased in 2017 up from a brief downturn of the previous year. This continued the trend of price increases after declining since the historical high was reached in 2004 of 146.0 (Table 42; Fig. 18). The relative softwood plywood price index in 2017 was 119.4 (Table 42; Fig. 19). This was above the level of the previous year.
Hardwood plywood prices trended slowly upward from 1999 until 2004 when they dropped. Then they began a period of stability, which was below the 2004 level, and this stable trend has continued into 2013 (Table 42; Figs. 18 and 19). Since 2013, the trend has been a small increasing one. The actual hardwood plywood price as indicated by the actual producer price index for 2017 was 111.3 (2009 = 100), which was below the 130.4 level registered in 2004 but slightly above the previous year levels. The relative index registered a slight decrease for 2017 diverging with the increase in the actual producer price index.
Imports of softwood plywood, about 2.0 billion ft2 (3/8-in. basis) in 2017, increased 43% from the prevoius year (Table 37). Imports of softwood plywood were small relative to overall U.S. plywood consumption. Exports of softwood plywood were estimated at about 656 million ft2 in 2017, which was 7.0% above exports in 2016. After increasing since 2006, softwood plywood exports amounted to 7.0% of softwood plywood production in 2017.
Hardwood plywood imports in 2017 were 3.3 billion ft2 (3/8-in. basis), 5.8% below the previous year. The 4.6 billion ft2 level in 2004 was the highest level of imports since 1987 when 3.8 billion ft2 were imported. The 5-year downward trend ended in 2009, and slow recovery in
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
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Figure 18. Actual producer price indexes for plywood, 1965–2017.
Figure 20. Softwood plywood and oriented strandboard (OSB) consumption, 1980–2017.
Figure 19. Relative producer price indexes for plywood, 1965–2017.
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hardwood plywood imports echoed the trend observed in softwood plywood imports.
Softwood veneer imports were an estimated 2.2 billion ft2 surface measure in 2017 (Table 40). This was a 17.1% increase from the volume of imports compared with the previous year, composing about 71% of total veneer imports. Softwood veneer exports increased to 241.7 million ft2 surface measure in 2017. This was an increase of 50% compared with the previous year.
This trend changed during the past decade, with China and the Russian Federation becoming major sources of hardwood plywood imports. Asia is still the largest source of U.S. hardwood plywood imports, accounting for 67% of all hardwood plywood imported to the United States in 2017 (Table 39). Since 2003, China has become the largest single country source of U.S. hardwood plywood imports with 45% of total U.S. imports and 67% of all Asian imports to the United States.
Imports of hardwood veneer, used chiefly in the manufacture of hardwood plywood in U.S. mills, totaled 895.3 million ft2 (surface measure) in 2017 (Table 40). This was 4.2% above 2016 and 68.0% below the peak import year of 1972. Since 1995, imports of hardwood veneer fluctuated each year through 2017. Hardwood plywood exports in 2017 totaled 203 million ft2 (3/8-in. basis)
(Table 37). This was 26% above 2016 levels of hardwood plywood exports. The increase in exports represents a slight increase in demand from the Russian and Chinese markets. Canada, China, Indonesia, and the Russian Federation are the top four markets, representing nearly 79.0% of U.S. exports of these products (Table 40). Hardwood veneer exports were an estimated 2.0 billion ft2 (surface measure) in 2017, slightly below 2016.
Consumption of softwood plywood in 2017 was an estimated 10.3 billion ft2 (3/8-in. basis) (Table 37; Fig. 20). This was 53% below the record consumption in 1987 of 22.2 billion ft2 (3/8-in. basis) and represented the third consecutive year that softwood plywood consumption increased since a peak. The rise in consumption in 2017 occurred as OSB continued to erode softwood plywood market share. Since 1992 when OSB was certified to perform as well as softwood plywood, OSB has been rapidly eroding the market share of softwood plywood. This certification allowed OSB to compete directly for the same markets while offering the consumer a lower cost product. However, certain applications are still dominated by softwood plywood, such as underlayment for floors.
In the United States, there are 48 plywood-producing mills and 37 OSB mills (APA – The Engineered Wood Association 2018b). Nearly 62% of all grades of softwood plywood are produced in the South. The West, the traditional producer of softwood plywood, especially Douglas Fir plywood, is slowly adapting to serving niche markets because of the decreased timber supply from public lands.
Although OSB has increased its share in the plywood market previously dominated by softwood, a strengthening residential construction market can explain some of the consumption increases for softwood plywood during the previous 3 years and into 2017. Also important are nonresidential construction, manufacturing, maintenance, repair, and remodeling. The large proportion of single-family houses, which use more plywood per unit than
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Figure 21. Particleboard production and consumption, 1965–2017.
Figure 22. Hardboard production and consumption, 1965–2017.
multifamily structures, also contributed to the overall increase. These factors suggest that future changes in demand for softwood plywood will probably be closely related to changes in the volumes of residential construction and OSB production.
Apparent consumption of hardwood plywood fell 7.0% in 2017 to an estimated 4.9 billion ft2 (3/8-in. basis) (Table 37; Fig. 16). This was 256 million ft2 less than in 2016 and represented the second consecutive year of a declining trend since 2015. The decrease in hardwood plywood consumption in 2017, which coincided with an increase in production, in part reflected the stronger U.S. export market, an important market for hardwood plywood for wall paneling, kitchen cabinets, and door skins. Mobile home output also increased in 2017, contributing to the increase in production.
In 2017, 68% of the hardwood plywood consumed in the United States was supplied by imports (Table 37). This has been the trend for the last 15 years and into 2017 as hardwood plywood imports consistently account for at least 60% of hardwood plywood consumption.
Total softwood log exports remained relatively unchanged during 2017 from the previous year (Table 18). Softwood log exports from the western United States continued to decline as Douglas Fir log exports fell 3.9% in 2017 compared with 2016, well below the record high level in 1988. China continued as the largest importer of logs from the United States in 2017, receiving 54% of U.S. softwood log exports. Canada was a close second, importing 20.4% from the United States, with Japan being a close third (Table 19). During 2017, log imports from Canada increased as Canada remained the principal exporter of softwood logs to the United States. Softwood log imports historically accounted for more than 85% of all log imports but fell to 45% of imports in 2017 (Table 16). In 2017, softwood log imports to the United States fell 12.4%.
Particleboard, Hardboard, and Insulation Board Production, Prices, Trade, and ConsumptionAccording to estimates of the Composite Panel Association, production of particleboard in 2017 totaled 2.3 billion ft2 (3/4-in. basis), unchanged from the previous year and more than 50% below the peak year in 1999 when 4.8 billion ft2 were produced (Table 53; Fig. 21). Particleboard is a generic term for a panel primarily composed of cellulose materials (usually wood), generally in the form of discrete pieces or particles. The cellulose materials are combined with a synthetic resin or another bonding system. Because of its uniformity, flatness, and dimensional stability, particleboard is used primarily for floor underlayment, kitchen counter underlayment, furniture components, and cabinet components.
Foreign trade in particleboard was insignificant before the mid1960s and very small through the early 1970s; however, both imports and exports experienced a period of growth during the 1980s and 1990s and have now achieved historical levels. In 2017, exports decreased by 11.2% to an estimated 398 million ft2 (3/4-in. basis). Imports of particleboard were relatively unchanged from a year ago but were more than double the 2009 import level.
Apparent consumption of particleboard slightly decreased less than 1.0% during 2017 compared with 2016 and had been exhibiting an increasing trend since 2010 until 2016 and 2017.
Production of MDF in 2017 was 1.7 billion ft2 (3/4-in. basis). This is up slightly from the 1.4 billion ft2 of production in 2010 but 10.3% below record high in 2007. The major market for MDF at the present time is furniture and cabinetry applications because of its smoothness, dimensional stability, paintability, and the sharp lines that are left after a decorative cut is made on the panel.
Hardboard production in 2017 was estimated to be 2.7 billion ft2 (1/8-in. basis) (Table 56; Fig. 22). This was unchanged from the previous year and well below the high in 1978. Hardboard production has been trending downward since 1978 when it was 7.8 billion ft2.
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Figure 23. Insulation board production and consumption, 1965–2017.
Figure 24. Wood energy use in the United States, 1973–2017.
Imports of hardboard in 2017 amounted to 928 million ft2, well below 2006 and continuing the downward trend of hardboard imports that started in 2007. Previous to 2007, hardboard imports had trended upward since 1993. Imports accounted for 57% of total U.S. hardboard consumption in 2008. Exports of hardboard, after a short-lived growth period between 2004 and 2006, declined further until 2016 with an increase in 2017. Exports of hardboard, although declining, still account for 25% of total production.
Consumption of hardboard in 2017 was 2.9 billion ft2, 52.0% below 2007. This decrease in consumption is partly a reflection of a weakened housing sector. Hardboard is used primarily in the construction industry for exterior siding in new residential construction. In 2017, about one-fourth of all hardboard consumed was for residential exterior siding.
Production of insulation board in 2017 was about 2.3 billion ft2 (1/2-in. basis) or 857,000 tons (Tables 54 and 55; Fig. 23). Imports and exports of insulation board were relatively small, amounting to 112,000 and 62,000 tons, respectively.
Production and trade of insulation board has been very flat since 1993. The long-term outlook is one of no growth. Further developments of structural grades of particleboard at competitive prices could further accelerate particleboard demand for sheathing and other construction uses. MDF should also continue to provide increasing competition for the traditional board uses.
Miscellaneous Timber Products Production, Prices, Trade, and ConsumptionProduction of miscellaneous industrial roundwood products, which includes cooperage logs, poles and piling, fence posts, mine timbers, and an assortment of other products such as hewn ties and box bolts, was estimated at 822 million ft3 in 2017. This volume has been increasing since 2007 (Table 5a).
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In 2017, wood energy use increased slightly from the previous year. Wood energy provided 2.1 quadrillion Btu of energy out of a total 99.9 quad consumed in the United States. This was equivalent to about 8.6 billion ft3 of wood (Table 60). Sixty-nine percent was in industrial use, mostly in the form of wood residue and black liquor at pulp and paper mills. The remainder was for residential use (16%), electric utilities (12%), and commercial buildings (4%). Total wood energy use has declined about 19% from a high of 2.6 quadrillion Btu in 1983 (Fig. 24). The decline was led by declines in industrial and residential use. Electric utility use has increased fairly steadily since the early 1990s.
Production of round fuelwood in 2017 was estimated at 2.3 billion ft3, up slightly from 2016 (Table 5a). Fuelwood consumption dropped sharply in the first five decades of the past century because of the substitution of oil, gas, coal, and electricity in home cooking, heating, and industrial uses. In recent years, however, substantial markets have developed for wood pellets. Pellet fuel is a renewable, clean-burning heating alternative used in approximately 1 million homes in the United States. The estimated pellet industry capacity in 2017 was 12.0 million tons (FutureMetrics 2018).
Criteria and Indicators of Sustainable Forest ManagementThe Montreal criteria and indicators (C&I) of sustainable forest management include 7 criteria and 64 indicators that measure the diverse sets of values that society places on forest resources (Robertson and others 2011). The support and development of the C&I for the United States reflects the evolution of forest policies and priorities in forest management among the diverse stewards of U.S. forest resources. Six of the 20 indicators under Criterion 6 (maintenance and enhancement of long-term multiple socioeconomic benefits to meet the needs of societies) assess the production and consumption of forest products. A subset of four of the six production and consumption indicators parallel and complement the standard measures in this report. These indicators are as follows:
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• Value and volume of wood and wood products production, including primary and secondary processing (Indicator 25)
• Total and per capita consumption of wood and wood products in roundwood equivalents (Indicator 28)
• Value and volume in roundwood equivalents of exports and imports of wood products (Indicator 30)
• Recovery or recycling of forest products as a percentage of total forest products consumption (Indicator 33)
Measures of production, consumption, and value are important to the goals underlying sustainable forest management. These types of measures reflect the importance of forest resources in supplying raw materials for manufacturing and the value that society places on the production of wood and wood products. Strategies to achieve sustainable forest management must reflect the role of forest resources in maintaining a dynamic and strong economy as a primary component of meeting the needs of society.
Volume and Value of Wood and Wood Products ProductionThe total volume of wood products (in roundwood equivalent inputs) in the United States, including fuelwood, decreased from 18 billion ft3 in the late 1980s and early 1990s to 12.3 billion in 2009 before rebounding to 15.5 billion ft3 in 2017 (Table 5a). The amount of primary wood and paper products produced in the United States increased relatively steadily from 82 million tons in 1950 to 212 million tons in 2005 and has since then declined to 168.7 million tons in 2017 (Table 8a).
Of that production, approximately 66% and 34% were softwood and hardwood, respectively, in 2017, based on roundwood equivalent inputs (Tables 6a and 7a). Total value of shipments for wood, paper, and furniture industries, using standard industrial classification (SIC) industry codes, increased between 1973 and 1996 from $288 billion to $356 billion (2005 dollars). Between 1999 and 2009, using North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) industry codes, shipments decreased 11.6% from $327 billion to $289 billion. The decrease was caused by a 33% decline for wood products industries and a 15.3% decline for furniture industries. The value of paper industry shipments increased 10.5% between 1999 and 2008 from $72.7 to $80.3 billion before declining to $61.3 billion in 2009 and then rebounding to $78.4 billion in 2017 (Fig. 25).
The total volume of sawn wood production has decreased in proportion to other wood products, from 51% of industrial roundwood production in 1965 to 48% in 2005 before falling in 2009 to 37% and then recovering to 41% in 2017 (Table 5a). Nevertheless, the volume of sawn wood production increased by 23% during the 40-year period between 1965 and 2005; the lowest volume was
Veneer, plywood, and engineered wood products mfg 18.5%
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Figure 25. Value-added categories of wood and wood fiber products in 2017.
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Figure 27. U.S. per capita consumption of wood products, 1965–2017.
5.1 billion ft3 in 1982 and the highest volume was 7.7 billion ft3 in 2005. On average, the value of sawn wood production has continued to increase in real terms (net of inflation) although, in effect, it is still recovering from sharp declines from the great recession that started in 2008 (Fig. 26). Meanwhile, the value added by sawn wood production remained fairly stable during the 1990s at around $8 billion in real terms before increasing to $11 billion in 2004, dropping to $6.0 billion in 2008, and then rebounding to $11.7 billion in 2017. The volume of sawn wood production increased as much as 2.5 billion ft3 from the low in 1982 to the high in 2005. It then fell to a new low of 4.5 billion ft3 in 2010 and then recovered to the current level of 6.3 billion ft3 in 2017. Rising real lumber prices are important drivers in the introduction of new technologies to use more species, the use of small dimension wood, and the use of residues to make composite structural panels and engineered wood components such as OSB, I-beams, laminated beams, and truss framing.
The production of plywood and veneer has increased in recent years but remains below the high level of production during the 1980s. Other wood-based panel production has increased since 1965. Current levels of plywood production remain well below the peak level of 24.4 billion ft2 (3/8-in. basis) in 1987 (Table 37). The total value of plywood shipments decreased slightly to $8.8 billion in 2017 and made up roughly 21% of the total value of all wood products (U.S. Department of Commerce 2017).
Pulp and paper products provide the highest value among wood commodities produced in the United States. The downward trend in pulp and paper production reflects important linkages between decreased income and decreased demand for pulp and paper products. Paper and board products by weight increased more than 135% from 1965 to 1999 (Table 43). Although declining since the great recession, pulp and paper products production is still double the 1965 production level. The value of pulp and paper has fluctuated widely during some periods but was $83.7 billion in 2017 (U.S. Department of Commerce 2017). The decrease in pulp and paper volumes with somewhat falling values reflects advances in recycling as well as efficiency
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Figure 26. Volume, value, and value-added of U.S. sawn wood production (U.S. Department of Commerce 2017, Howard and Jones 2016).
gains and lower production costs of foreign competitors, as well as increased use of electronic media. The largest impact to the wood products sector resulted from the economic decline and decreased activity in the U.S. housing sector.
Total and Per Capita Consumption of Wood and Wood ProductsIn addition to knowing the historical and current levels of production, we need to assess our ability to maintain, increase, or decrease levels of production in response to the changing needs of society. The rationale for this indicator is that we will know to what extent we have met and can continue to meet wood demands with our available supply. The additional information gained with this measure compared with the production and value indicators is that supply reflects all sources, domestic and international, of wood. However, no C&I variables directly measure the balance of trade in wood products; thus, potential dependence on outside sources (a possible indicator of management away from sustainable levels) is not evident.
Per capita consumption of wood and paper products in 2017 was 45.5 ft3, which was up slightly from the all-time low of 37.1 ft3 in 2009. In addition, 7.0 ft3 of fuelwood was consumed per capita in 2017, a 43% increase from 2006. Total consumption in 2017 for industrial products and fuelwood, excluding recovered paper, required 52.4 ft3 roundwood equivalent of wood harvest per capita in the United States. Industrial products (excluding fuelwood) required 45.5 ft3 per capita in 2017, down from 68.5 ft3 per capita in 1986 (Table 11a). In addition, 156 lb of recovered paper was consumed per capita in 2017, down from 163 lb in 2009. Per capita consumption of lumber for the United States and the world in total was 24.8 and 22 ft3, respectively, for 2017 (Fig. 27). Per capita consumption of paper and paperboard for the United States and the world in total were 470 and 125 lb, respectively, for 2017.
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Value and Volume in Roundwood Equivalents of Exports and Imports of Wood ProductsThe deficit in U.S. production compared with U.S. consumption of industrial wood products (in roundwood equivalents, excluding exports) in 2017 was 1.6 million ft3, which is greater than the net imports in 1965, which were just over 1.2 billion ft3, but quite a bit less than the net imports in 2005, which were more than 5.4 billion ft3. The 2017 figure includes wood imports of 3.5 billion ft3 and exports of 1.9 billion ft3. Imports (in roundwood equivalents) constituted almost 21% of the volume consumed in 2017, compared with 12% in 1965 (Table 5a). Softwood lumber remains the primary import into the United States at approximately 87% or 3.0 billion ft3 (in roundwood equivalent) of total wood imports in 2017 (Tables 5a and 6a).
The roundwood equivalent of the total consumption of wood products in the United States had steadily increased until 2005, reaching a peak of 20.0 billion ft3. Since 2005, however, total consumption of wood products has dropped drastically, reaching just 13.1 billion ft3 in 2009 before rebounding to 17.1 billion ft3 in 2017. Fluctuations in wood products flow reflect periods of economic downtowns and recovery because the demand for wood and wood products generally tracks basic macroeconomic indicators, such as those summarized in Table 1. Slower rates of increase in the consumption of wood products since 1990 have resulted in a declining trend in per capita wood consumption at 52.4 ft3 in 2017, well below the previous decade (Fig. 27). Per capita consumption by wood products sector shows a fairly stable proportion of individual consumption of most products, with slight decreases in all sectors between 2005 and 2009. But the great recession, which started in 2008, was the driving force behind the greatest downturn in the wood products sector of all time.
The value of the U.S. trade balance (the difference of exports – imports measured in million constant 2005 dollars) was negative for most primary wood products in 2017 (Fig. 28). Trade in U.S. logs, paperboard, and recovered paper continued to have a positive value in 2017 as did pulpwood and wood pulp. Paperboard was the product with the highest net trade value in 2017 at $4.1 billion. Recovered paper was second highest at $3.0 billion, followed by logs and wood pulp. Sawn wood continued its negative trade balance at an estimated $(-)3.3 billion in 2017 (Table 13).
Recovery or Recycling of Forest Products as a Percentage of Total Forest Products ConsumptionTraditionally, recovery and recycling in the forestry sector have been associated primarily with paper and paper products, namely newsprint and office waste paper. The majority of available data reflects these productions. Recently, research and data on the recycling of solid wood materials from demolished structures, construction sites, and mill residues reflect the increasing value that society places on forest resources. Paper and paperboard recycling has increased steadily during the last few decades, with substantial increases in the 1990s. As of 2017, paper and paperboard was being recovered in the United States at a rate of 65.8%, up from 22% in 1970, whereas utilization of recovered paper was at 39.7%, up from 25% in 1965 (Tables 46 and 47) (AF&PA 2018b).
Literature CitedAF&PA. 2018a. 58th annual survey of paper, paperboard and pulp capacity. Washington, DC: American Forest & Paper Association.
AF&PA. 2018b. Paper, paperboard, and wood pulp statistical summary. Washington, DC: American Forest & Paper Association. p. 3, 7, 9.
APA — The Engineered Wood Association. 2018a. Housing starts April 2018. Tacoma, WA: APA — The Engineered Wood Association.
APA — The Engineered Wood Association. 2018b. Structural panel & engineered wood yearbook. APA Economics Report E184. Tacoma, WA: APA — The Engineered Wood Association.
FutureMetrics. 2018. North American Pellet Market Quarterly. Bethel, ME: FutureMetrics, LLC.
Howard, J.L.; Jones, K.C. 2016. U.S. timber production, trade, consumption, and price statistics, 1965–2013. FPL-RP-679. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory. 91 p.
Figure 28. Net trade balance (exports–imports) in billion constant 2005 dollars in the United States, 1989–2017.
–15.0
–10.0
–5.0
0.0
5.0
10.0
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
2011
2013
2015
2017
Trad
e ba
lanc
e (b
illion
200
5 do
llars
)
Logs, lumber, and panel productsPulpwood, wood pulp, paper and board, and recovered paper
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
17
RISI. 2017. International woodfiber report. 5(6). Bedford, MA: RISI, Inc.
Robertson, G.; Gualke, P.; McWilliams, R.; LaPlante, S.; Guldin, R. (editors). 2011. National report on sustainable forests – 2010. FS-979. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 212 pp.
U.S. Council of Economic Advisors. 2018. Economic indicators. February. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office.
U.S. Department of Commerce. 2017. Annual survey of manufactures. M(AS-1). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, Bureau of the Census. http://www.census.gov/mcd/asm-as1.html.
WWPA. 2018. Statistical yearbook of the western lumber industry. Portland, OR: Western Wood Products Association.
Annotated Bibliography1. Adams, D. Timber assessment market model database.
[unpublished]. Portland, OR: Oregon State University. Hardwood and softwood lumber production.
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5. American Forest & Paper Association. Statistics of paper, paperboard, and wood pulp. [annual—1977, 1982, 1985, 1990, 1995, 1998–2017]. Washington, DC. Production, shipments, imports, and exports of paper, paperboard, and wood pulp; financial data on the paper industry and related subjects.
6. American Forest & Paper Association. U.S. wood pulp data. [monthly]. Washington, DC. U.S. and Canadian pulp production by grade, use, shipment, and inventory.
7. American Forest & Paper Association, Paper Recycling Group. Statistical summary of recovered paper utilization; wood pulp, recovered paper, pulpwood fiber consumption. [annual–2004–current year]. Washington, DC. U.S. recovered paper usage by grade, region, and end use; quantitative data on consumption.
8. American Iron and Steel Institute. Statistical report. [annual]. Washington, DC. Table 10.
9. American Pulpwood Association. Pulpwood summary. [monthly]. New York. Pulpwood consumption, domestic receipts, imports, and inventories by region and type of wood.
10. American Pulpwood Association. Pulpwood statistics. [annual]. Washington, DC. Table 9. Pulpwood consumption, receipts, and inventories by region, state, and type of pulpwood.
11. APA–The Engineered Wood Association. APA economics report. Curr. Pub. E67. Tacoma, WA. Table 7. Quantitative data on demand for structural panel products in North America.
12. APA–The Engineered Wood Association. APA structural panel statistics. [weekly]. Tacoma, WA. Structural panel production, capacity, orders, and shipments.
13. APA–The Engineered Wood Association. Regional production and distribution patterns of the structural panel industry. [monthly]. Tacoma, WA. Tables 1, 6. Structural panel production by major producing regions, shipments to major trading areas, description of market condition, and economic factors that affect production.
14. Canadian Pulp and Paper Association. Personal fax communication, June 1999. Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Canadian exports of newsprint by destination; Canadian shipments of uncoated mechanical papers to the United States.
15. Composite Panel Association. Particleboard and medium-density fiberboard production and shipments. [annual]. Silver Spring, MD. Particleboard and medium-density fiberboard production, shipments, number of plants, value of shipments, and other related subjects.
16. Conference Board. Internet site that allows retrieval of business cycle indicators. Internet address: www.conference-board.org Allows access to leading, coincident, lagging, and consumer confidence indices.
17. Cornell University. Agricultural Experiment Station. 1932. Wholesale prices for 213 years, 1720–1932. Memoir 142. Ithaca, NY. Estimates of wholesale prices for various commodities, 1720–1932.
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19. Hardwood Market Report. [monthly]. www.hmr.com The latest in industry news, in-depth market and pricing analysis, and insightful commentary.
Research Paper FPL–RP–701
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20. Howard, J.L.; Westby, R.M. 2013. U.S. timber production, trade, consumption and price statistics 1965–2011. Res. Pap. FPL–RP–676. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory. 91 p.
21. Howard, J.L., Quevedo, E.; Kramp, A. 2009. Use of indexing to update U.S. annual timber harvest by state. FPL–RP–653. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory. 30 p.
22. Ince, P. 2000. U.S. industrial roundwood product output per cubic foot of industrial roundwood. Res. Note FPL–RN–272. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory. 14 p.
23. Ingram, C.D.; Ince, P.J.; Mehlberg, R.L. 1999. United States pulpwood receipts: softwood and hardwood, roundwood and residues, 1950–1996. Gen. Tech. Rep. FPL–GTR–115. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory. 34 p.
24. Johnson, T.G.; Steppleton, C.D.; Bentley, J.W. 2007. Southern pulpwood production. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station.
25. Louisiana Department of Agriculture, Office of Marketing. Louisiana forest products market report. [quarterly]. Baton Rouge, LA. Internet address: www.ldaf.state.la.us Stumpage and delivered prices of saw logs and pulpwood for selected species and delivered prices of poles and pine stumps.
26. Luppold, G.W.; Dempsey, P.G. 1989. New estimates of central and eastern U.S. hardwood lumber production. Northern Journal of Applied Forestry. 6(3).
27. Manufactured Housing Institute. Monthly manufactured home production and shipments. Internet address: www.mfghome.org/statistics/
28. National Association of Builders. Housing economics. [monthly]. Washington, DC. p. 3.
29. National Association of Home Builders. Annual housing starts (1978–current year). Internet address: www.nahb.org/
30. Natural Resources Canada. Canadian Forest Service, Industry, Economics, and Programs Branch. Selected forestry statistics Canada. [annual]. Ottawa, ON.
31. Naval Stores Review. International yearbook. [annual]. New Orleans, LA.
32. New Hampshire University. Cooperative Extension Service and New Hampshire Department of Resources and Economic Development. Market pulse, NHTOA quarterly.
Forest products market report, first, second, third, and fourth quarters. Median and range of prices of species in North, Central, and South regions.
33. Pine Chemicals Association, Inc. Monthly summary. Atlanta, GA. Internet address: www.pinechemicals.org/
34. Powell, D.S.; Faulkner, J.L.; Darr, D.R.; Zhu, Z.; MacCleery, D.W. 1993. Forest resources of the United States, 1992. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM–GTR–234. (Revised, June 1994). Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station. Data from periodic surveys of the forest resources by state and Forest Service region–land areas by class of land, timberland area by ownership, net volume of timber on timberland by class and species group, and related data.
35. Skog, K. 2008. Sequestration of carbon in harvested wood products for the United States. Forest Products Journal. 58(6): 60. Table 2.
36. Statistics Canada. Industry Division. Production, shipments, and stocks on hand of sawmills in British Columbia. [monthly]. Ottawa, ON. Estimates of production, shipments (by destination), and stocks by species for interior and coastal mills.
37. Statistics Canada. Industry Division. Production, shipments, and stocks on hand of sawmills east of the Rockies. [monthly]. Ottawa, ON. Estimates of production, shipments (by destination), and stocks by species and providence (excluding Newfoundland and Prince Edward Island; price information for some species).
38. Statistics Canada. Industry Division. Wood industries. Census of manufacturers of wood industries. [annual]. Ottawa, ON. Number of industries, employment, wages, shipments, material and supplies, and related subjects; figures on lumber production by province.
39. TimberMart-South. Daniel B. Warnel, School of Forest Resources, University of Georgia. [quarterly]. Athens, GA. Table: Yearly Summary Delivered Timber. Internet address: www.tmartsouth.com/tmart/contact.html A brief, easy-to-read, quarterly report of the market prices for timber products of the Southeast.
40. United Nations. Food and Agriculture Organization. Economic Commission for Europe. European timber trends and prospects: into the 21st Century. Geneva timber and forest study papers, No. 11. [annual]. Geneva, Switzerland. Projections of European supply, demand, and trade for timber products.
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
19
41. United Nations. Food and Agriculture Organization. Forestry database: FAOSTAT. Internet address: www.fao.org Historical data to 1998 on production and trade of pulp and paper products and other wood products.
42. U.S. Council of Economic Advisors. Economic indicators. [monthly]. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 1, 2, 6, 10, 23, 30, 35. Output, income, and spending; employment, unemployment, and wages; production and business activity; prices; money, credit, and security markets; Federal finance; and other related subjects.
43. U.S. Council of Economic Advisors. Economic report of the President. [annual]. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. Detailed description of the economic situation at the beginning of each year; comprehensive series of historical statistics on national income, population, employment, wages, productivity, business activity, prices, money supply, finance, corporate profits, agriculture, international trade, and other related subjects.
44. U.S Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service. Global Agricultural Trade System Online. http://www.fas.usda.gov/gats/default.aspx Interactive database containing data on imports and exports of commodities identified by trade codes.
45. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Bulletin of hardwood market statistics: first, second, and third quarters. [quarterly]. Princeton, WV.
46. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Production, prices, employment, and trade in Northwest forest industries. [quarterly]. Portland, OR: Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. Current information on the timber situation in the West; data on log, lumber, and plywood production and prices; employment in the forest industries; international trade in logs and lumber; volume and average prices of stumpage sold by public agencies; and related subjects.
47. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Pulpwood prices in the mid-South. Res. Note SO. [annual]. New Orleans, LA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station. Pulpwood prices in U.S. mid-South, by wood type (hardwoods and softwoods) and purchase point.
48. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Pulpwood production in the North Central region by county. [annual]. St. Paul, MN: Northern Research Station.
Pulpwood production in the Great Lake and central states by state, county, and species.
49. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Pulpwood production in the Northeast. [annual]. Radnor, PA: Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. Pulpwood production by state and species group, wood pulp production, and location and name of pulp producers in the Northeast.
50. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Southern pulpwood production. [annual]. Asheville, NC: Southern Forest Experiment Station, and New Orleans, LA: Southern Forest Experiment Station. Pulpwood production in 12 southern states by species, group, state, and county.
51. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Volume and value of sawtimber stumpage sold from national forests, by selected species and region. [quarterly and annual]. Washington, DC. Stumpage prices of timber sold from national forests by selected species and region.
52. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. The demand and price situation for forest products, 1964. Misc. Pub. 983. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. Historical data on U.S. timber production, trade, consumption, and prices.
53. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 1989. An analysis of the timber situation in the United States 1952–2040. GTR–RM–199. Washington, DC. p. 262, Table B-7. Comprehensive survey and analysis of present and prospective timber demand, supply, and prices in the United States.
54. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Forest resources of the United States, 1997, 2002 & 2007. NC–GTR–219. St. Paul, MN: North Central Research Station. Table 39. Current national forest resource statistics by ownership, region, or state. Providing information on forest area, volume, mortality, growth, removals, and timber products output.
55. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 2015. National report on sustainable forests–2015. PNW–GTR–931. Washington, DC. 375 p.
56. U.S Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Cut and sold reports. [annual]. Volume and value of timber cut and sold from the national forest system and the national grasslands.
57. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Hardwood plywood. Curr. Ind. Rep. Ser. MA321T. Washington, DC.
Research Paper FPL–RP–701
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Production and shipments of hardwood plywood by type of plywood, geographic division, and face species.
58. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Manufacturing & Construction Division Curr. Ind. Rep. MQ327D. [quarterly and annual]. Washington, DC. Table 1. Production and shipments of clay construction products.
59. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Manufacturing & Construction Division Tables Q6 and “Selected characteristics of new manufactured homes placed for residential use, by region.” Washington, DC. Manufacturing, mining, and construction statistics.
60. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Housing completions. Constr. Rep. C 22. [monthly]. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. Number of houses completed in the United States by structure type, ownership, region, and metropolitan statistical area.
61. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Housing starts. Constr. Rep. C 20. [monthly]. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. Number of houses started in the United States by structure type, ownership, region, and metropolitan statistical area; information on shipments of mobile homes.
62. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Lumber production and mill stocks. Curr. Ind. Rep. Ser. MA24T & MA–321T. [annual]. Washington, DC. Lumber production by major species, producing region, and state.
63. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. New one-family houses sold and for sale. Constr. Rep. C 25. [monthly and annual]. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. Number of privately owned, one-family homes sold and for sale in the United States by stage of construction and sale price.
64. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Particleboard. Curr. Ind. Rep. Ser. MA–24L. [annual]. Washington, DC. Production of particleboard by state, production by type, shipments, and resin consumption.
65. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Population characteristics. Curr. Pop. Rep. Ser. P-20-537. [monthly]. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office.
Estimates of households, families, marital status, fertility, and related data.
66. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Population estimates and projections. Curr. Pop. Rep. Ser. P–25. [monthly]. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. Estimates of U.S. population by type and month.
67. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Pulp, paper, and board. Curr. Ind. Rep. Ser. MA–26A. [annual]. Washington, DC. Pulpwood receipts, consumption, and inventories; wood pulp production, transfers, and inventories; paper and board shipments by grades; and other subjects.
68. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Residential alterations and repairs. Constr. Rep. C 50. [quarterly and annual]. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. Table 2. Internet address: www.census.gov/const/www/c50index.html Regional data on expenditures for additions, alterations, maintenance, repairs, and replacements for all residential units and for owner occupants of one-housing-unit properties.
69. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Softwood plywood. Curr. Ind. Rep. Ser. MA–24H. [annual]. Washington, DC. Production of softwood plywood and veneer and consumption of softwood veneer logs.
70. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Statistics for industry groups and industries. M (AS–1). Washington, DC. www.census.gov/prod/www/abs/industry.html
71. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. U.S. exports/schedule E commodity by country. FT 410. [monthly]. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. Volume and value of exports by product and country of destination. Exports of lumber are broken down by major species and grade.
72. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. U.S. imports for consumption and general imports/TSUSA commodity by country of origin. FT 246. [annual]. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. Volume and value of imports by product and country of origin. Imports of lumber are broken down by major species and grade.
73. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Value of new construction put in place. Constr. Rep. C 30. [monthly]. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. Table 1.
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
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Value of new construction put in place by type of construction.
74. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. Characteristics of new housing. [annual]. Constr. Rep. C 25. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. Housing completions by type of structure and location.
75. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. Survey of current business. [monthly]. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. Gross national product, national income, personal income and outlays, foreign transactions, and other national subjects.
76. U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Industrial Economics. Constr. Rev. [monthly]. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC. Volume of construction, costs, employment, and related subjects.
77. U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration. Monthly energy review. www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/renew.html
78. U.S Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration. Monthly energy review. [Table 47 cites 88 as an AF&PA pub]. www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mer/renew.html
79. U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. Employment and earnings, United States. Employment and earnings of individual nonagricultural industries in the United States.
80. U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. Producer prices and price indexes. [monthly and annual]. Washington, DC. Prices and price indexes of several hundred commodities, including selected lumber items of important commercial species and of plywood, pulp, and paper items.
81. U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. The CPI detailed report. [monthly]. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. Consumer price indexes for goods and services usually bought by all urban consumers and by urban wage earners and clerical workers.
82. U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. 1979. Employment and earnings, United States, 1909–78 and supplements. Washington, DC: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office.
Employment and earnings of individual nonagricultural industries in the United States.
83. U.S. Federal Reserve System, Board of Governors. Federal Reserve Bulletin. [monthly and annual]. Curr. Pub. G.5A (405). Washington, DC. Interest rates; security prices; federal and business finances; selected indexes on business activity and wholesale and consumer prices; sales, profits, and dividends of large manufacturing corporations; and related subjects.
84. U.S. Federal Reserve System, Board of Governors. Industrial production. [monthly]. Washington, DC. Indexes of industrial production by market and industry.
85. U.S. Geological Survey. Mineral commodity summaries. [annual]. Reston, VA. p. 44.
86. U.S. International Trade Commission. Interactive tariff and trade data web. Internet address: www.dataweb.usitc.gov/ Interactive database containing Department of Commerce data on imports and exports of commodities identified by trade code.
87. U.S. International Trade Commission. U.S. trade shifts in selected industries. [annual]. Volume and value data on imports and exports of timber products.
88. Western Wood Products Association. Western lumber facts. [weekly]. Portland, OR. Softwood lumber production, orders, shipments, stocks, and realization value in the western woods region by major species.
89. Western Wood Products Association. Lumber track. [monthly]. Portland, OR. Dec. issue. Review of North American lumber statistics, including trade highlights and key markets.
90. Wood Markets. International Solid Wood Report. [monthly]. Curr. Pub. Dec.–Jan. Table 2. Vancouver, BC, Canada: International Wood Markets Research, Inc. Internet address: www.woodmarkets.com Special report: U.S.–Canada lumber outlook.
91. Wood Preservers Institute. The 1996 wood preserving industry production statistical report. [annual]. Fairfax, VA. Volume and value of wood preservatives and wood products treated with preservatives.
92. Wood Technology. North American fact book. Panel review. [annual]. Data published by APA, Statistics Canada, National Particleboard Association, and the American Hardboard Association.
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
23
Tabl
e 1—
Mea
sure
s of
eco
nom
ic g
row
th, p
opul
atio
n, a
nd p
rice
s, 1
965–
2017
Non-
Prod
ucer
Cons
umer
resi
dent
ial
Num
ber o
fTo
tal
Furn
iture
Pape
rpr
ice
pric
efix
edho
usin
gM
obile
Pop
ula-
in
dust
rial
Man
ufac
- an
dan
din
dex
all
inde
x al
l Y
ear
inve
stm
enta,
cst
arts
a,d
hom
esb,
gtio
napr
oduc
tiona,
etu
ringa,
efix
ture
se,a
prod
ucts
e,a
com
mod
ities
fite
msa
Billion
Billion
Billion
Billion
Billion
Billion
Billion
current
2009
current
2009
current
2009
2009
Thousand
Thousand
dollars
dollars
dollars
dollars
dollars
dollars
dollars
units
units
Millions
2009=100
2009=100
2009=100
2009=100
2009=100
2009=100
1965
719.
13,
957.
649
3.9
2,71
8.2
81.9
450.
722
6.7
1,47
321
719
4.3
47.2
45.4
36.6
46.2
18.7
14.6
1966
787.
84,
215.
153
3.7
2,85
5.5
85.8
459.
125
5.0
1,16
521
719
6.6
51.4
49.6
39.4
49.9
19.3
15.1
1967
833.
64,
328.
157
1.9
2,96
9.4
87.2
452.
825
1.5
1,29
224
019
8.7
52.5
50.4
39.4
49.9
19.3
15.6
1968
910.
64,
530.
362
1.4
3,09
1.5
96.8
481.
626
2.5
1,50
831
820
0.7
55.4
53.3
40.8
52.8
19.8
16.2
1969
982.
24,
661.
666
8.4
3,17
2.3
104.
949
7.9
282.
41,
467
413
202.
758
.055
.742
.756
.920
.617
.119
701,
035.
64,
667.
072
7.1
3,27
6.7
105.
947
7.2
280.
81,
434
401
205.
156
.153
.140
.056
.221
.318
.119
711,
125.
44,
819.
779
0.2
3,38
4.2
122.
452
4.2
280.
62,
052
497
207.
756
.854
.041
.658
.722
.018
.919
721,
237.
35,
075.
185
5.3
3,50
8.2
139.
157
0.5
306.
12,
357
576
209.
962
.359
.650
.273
.423
.019
.519
731,
382.
65,
365.
296
5.0
3,74
4.7
153.
859
6.8
350.
72,
045
567
211.
967
.364
.953
.579
.526
.020
.719
741,
496.
95,
346.
11,
054.
23,
765.
015
5.2
554.
335
3.5
1,33
832
921
3.9
67.0
64.7
49.8
83.1
30.9
23.0
1975
1,63
0.6
5,33
2.2
1,15
9.2
3,79
0.7
152.
649
9.0
318.
41,
160
213
216.
060
.957
.942
.671
.933
.825
.119
761,
819.
05,
612.
51,
273.
03,
927.
817
2.1
531.
033
4.1
1,53
824
621
8.0
65.6
63.0
47.6
79.5
35.3
26.6
1977
2,02
6.9
5,86
8.3
1,40
1.4
4,05
7.3
200.
558
0.5
371.
61,
987
277
220.
270
.468
.353
.282
.937
.528
.319
782,
291.
46,
204.
71,
580.
14,
278.
623
9.9
649.
642
4.1
2,02
027
622
2.6
74.2
72.5
58.1
86.4
40.4
30.4
1979
2,55
7.5
6,40
6.6
1,76
9.5
4,43
2.6
272.
968
3.6
466.
61,
745
277
225.
176
.574
.559
.587
.845
.533
.819
802,
784.
26,
404.
91,
973.
34,
539.
527
3.9
630.
146
6.3
1,29
222
222
7.7
74.4
71.7
58.0
87.6
51.9
38.4
1981
3,11
5.9
6,55
9.8
2,20
0.2
4,63
2.0
289.
160
8.6
492.
61,
084
241
230.
075
.372
.558
.588
.856
.742
.419
823,
242.
16,
435.
32,
347.
34,
659.
227
9.3
554.
447
4.2
1,06
224
023
2.2
71.3
68.5
55.7
87.2
57.8
44.9
1983
3,51
4.5
6,70
0.7
2,52
2.4
4,80
9.2
311.
659
4.1
469.
41,
703
296
234.
373
.271
.663
.092
.758
.646
.419
843,
902.
47,
174.
82,
810.
05,
166.
436
9.0
678.
455
2.0
1,75
029
523
6.3
79.7
78.7
71.5
97.7
60.0
48.5
1985
4,18
0.7
7,45
3.6
3,00
2.0
5,35
2.1
401.
471
5.6
589.
01,
742
284
238.
580
.680
.073
.595
.559
.750
.219
864,
422.
27,
716.
33,
187.
65,
562.
042
9.9
750.
157
3.1
1,80
524
424
0.7
81.4
81.7
76.6
99.5
58.0
51.1
1987
4,69
2.3
7,95
7.1
3,36
3.1
5,70
3.1
441.
674
8.9
572.
51,
621
233
242.
885
.286
.181
.410
2.9
59.5
53.0
1988
5,04
9.6
8,28
4.8
3,64
0.8
5,97
3.4
455.
674
7.5
603.
61,
488
218
245.
089
.390
.586
.410
7.2
61.8
55.1
1989
5,43
8.7
8,59
1.9
3,89
4.5
6,15
2.4
469.
874
2.2
637.
01,
376
198
247.
390
.291
.189
.510
8.6
64.9
57.8
1990
5,74
3.8
8,73
1.8
4,16
6.8
6,33
4.4
468.
571
2.2
641.
71,
193
188
249.
990
.991
.686
.310
8.5
67.3
60.9
1991
5,91
6.7
8,71
1.3
4,34
3.7
6,39
5.3
424.
262
4.6
610.
11,
014
171
252.
789
.389
.880
.810
8.3
67.4
63.5
1992
6,24
4.4
8,97
5.7
4,61
3.7
6,63
1.7
452.
164
9.8
630.
61,
200
211
255.
491
.792
.981
.611
0.9
67.8
65.4
1993
6,55
3.0
9,19
8.5
4,79
0.2
6,72
4.0
482.
767
7.6
683.
61,
288
254
258.
194
.796
.189
.011
2.1
68.8
67.4
1994
6,93
5.7
9,53
6.2
5,02
1.7
6,90
4.6
519.
571
4.3
744.
61,
457
304
260.
799
.810
1.9
90.5
117.
069
.669
.119
957,
253.
89,
761.
55,
320.
87,
160.
353
8.1
724.
181
7.5
1,35
434
026
3.0
104.
610
7.3
91.1
119.
072
.171
.019
967,
813.
210
,321
.35,
588.
57,
382.
458
3.6
770.
989
9.4
1,47
536
326
5.5
109.
111
2.3
88.9
115.
073
.973
.119
978,
110.
910
,502
.35,
886.
65,
854.
561
8.2
800.
51,
009.
31,
474
354
267.
911
7.1
121.
810
0.0
117.
473
.874
.819
988,
511.
010
,886
.46,
027.
86,
168.
665
5.4
838.
31,
135.
91,
617
373
270.
312
3.7
129.
799
.111
8.5
71.9
76.0
1999
9,27
4.3
11,6
95.2
6,63
9.2
6,32
8.4
765.
996
5.8
1,22
8.4
1,64
134
927
3.2
128.
913
6.2
102.
712
0.0
72.6
77.7
2000
9,82
4.6
12,1
33.6
7,12
0.2
6,63
0.3
820.
31,
013.
11,
324.
21,
569
251
282.
113
5.0
143.
011
9.4
118.
076
.880
.220
0110
,082
.212
,163
.37,
393.
26,
748.
084
2.5
1,01
6.5
1,25
5.1
1,60
319
328
4.8
130.
213
7.1
113.
211
1.9
77.6
82.5
2002
10,4
45.6
12,4
61.9
7,82
9.1
7,04
9.8
846.
11,
009.
41,
183.
41,
705
168
287.
512
9.4
135.
810
1.7
110.
775
.883
.820
0311
,142
.113
,292
.98,
159.
99,
735.
091
5.7
1,09
2.5
1,30
1.6
1,84
813
129
1.1
129.
913
6.7
101.
010
8.3
79.9
85.7
2004
12,2
77.0
13,7
74.0
8,62
2.8
9,67
4.4
991.
41,
112.
31,
423.
61,
956
131
294.
013
5.2
142.
810
8.9
111.
384
.888
.020
0513
,095
.414
,235
.69,
031.
39,
817.
71,
104.
11,
200.
31,
544.
62,
068
147
296.
714
1.1
150.
210
8.6
108.
891
.091
.020
0613
,857
.914
,615
.29,
915.
710
,457
.41,
167.
21,
231.
01,
455.
51,
801
117
289.
811
4.1
118.
411
6.5
112.
495
.393
.920
0714
,480
.314
,876
.810
,423
.610
,709
.51,
152.
41,
184.
01,
550.
01,
355
9630
1.7
117.
112
1.8
107.
011
7.4
100.
096
.620
0814
,720
.314
,833
.611
,024
.511
,108
.91,
067.
61,
075.
71,
537.
690
682
304.
511
3.0
115.
997
.411
1.9
109.
710
0.3
2009
14,4
17.9
14,4
17.9
10,7
88.8
10,7
88.8
903.
290
3.2
1,26
3.2
554
5030
7.2
100
100
100
100
100
100
2010
14,9
58.3
14,7
99.4
11,1
79.7
11,0
61.3
803.
679
5.1
1,31
9.2
587
5030
9.8
105.
510
5.7
98.7
103.
610
6.8
101.
620
1115
,533
.815
,052
.111
,556
.211
,197
.978
9.8
765.
31,
433.
460
951
312.
010
8.7
108.
810
2.0
102.
911
6.3
104.
820
1216
,244
.615
,471
.011
,931
.212
,403
.785
4.5
813.
81,
654.
378
155
314.
311
1.9
111.
510
7.4
98.2
116.
910
7.0
2013
16,7
68.1
15,7
10.8
14,1
66.9
12,3
95.8
906.
484
9.2
1,99
0.6
925
6031
6.6
114.
211
2.5
108.
388
.611
7.6
108.
820
1417
,420
.716
,090
.114
,716
.613
,032
.61,
005.
692
8.8
2,11
2.7
1,00
364
318.
911
7.7
113.
910
8.8
97.0
118.
811
0.3
2015
18,1
20.7
16,4
71.6
13,6
15.0
12,3
75.9
1,11
3.6
1012
.32,
223.
51,
112
7132
1.3
116.
911
4.0
113.
710
3.3
110.
111
0.4
2016
18,6
24.5
16,7
16.2
13,9
68.6
12,5
37.3
1,18
5.7
1064
.22,
210.
41,
174
8132
3.7
115.
411
4.0
113.
710
0.7
107.
211
1.8
2017
19,3
86.8
17,0
91.9
14,3
77.0
12,6
75.1
1,23
0.6
1084
.92,
314.
21,
202
9332
5.9
117.
511
5.4
113.
410
0.5
111.
911
4.2
a U.S.
Cou
ncil
of E
cono
mic
Adv
isor
s (4
2,43
).e U.
S. F
eder
al R
eser
ve S
yste
m, B
oard
of G
over
nors
(83,
84).
b U.S.
Dep
artm
ent o
f Com
mer
ce, B
urea
u of
the
Cens
us (7
1).
f U.S.
Dep
artm
ent o
f Lab
or, B
urea
u of
Lab
or S
tatis
tics
(77)
.c U.
S. C
ounc
il of
Eco
nom
ic A
dvis
ors
(43)
; ser
ies
(196
5–19
99) r
evis
ed.
g M
anuf
actu
red
Hous
ing
Inst
itute
(27)
.d U.
S. D
epar
tmen
t of C
omm
erce
, Bur
eau
of th
e Ce
nsus
(59)
; Nat
iona
l Ass
ocia
tion
of H
ome
Build
ers
(28,
29).
Inde
x of
indu
stria
l pro
duct
ion
Gro
ss d
omes
ticpr
oduc
taEx
pend
iture
s fo
rne
w co
nstru
ctio
na,b
inco
mea
Disp
osab
le p
erso
nal
Research Paper FPL–RP–701
24
Number New home of mortgage
house- interest Total Total Number Floor Number Floor Number FloorYear holdsa ratesb units startsc,f startsc aread startsc,f aread shipmentsc aread
Average Average Average Million MillionAverage Thousand Thousand Thousand square Thousand square Thousand square current 2009
Millions percent units units units feet units feet units feet dollars dollars1965 57.4 5.81 1,727 1,510 965 1,498 545 1,053 217 650 11,442 52,0091966 58.4 6.25 1,413 1,196 780 1,544 416 1,076 217 660 11,691 50,8301967 59.2 6.46 1,562 1,322 845 1,585 477 1,094 240 670 11,687 49,3121968 60.8 6.97 1,863 1,545 900 1,642 645 1,123 318 670 12,703 50,8121969 62.2 7.81 1,913 1,500 811 1,616 689 1,095 413 684 13,535 50,5041970 63.4 8.45 1,870 1,469 815 1,482 654 995 401 732 14,770 52,0071971 64.8 7.74 2,582 2,085 1,153 1,520 932 1,011 497 780 16,299 53,7921972 66.7 7.60 2,955 2,379 1,311 1,555 1,068 1,035 576 780 17,498 54,3421973 68.3 7.96 2,625 2,058 1,133 1,660 925 1,031 567 882 18,512 52,8911974 69.9 8.92 1,682 1,353 889 1,695 464 1,021 329 910 21,114 53,1841975 71.1 9.00 1,384 1,171 896 1,645 275 1,000 213 952 25,239 58,1541976 72.9 9.00 1,794 1,548 1,166 1,700 382 940 246 966 29,034 63,8111977 74.1 9.02 2,279 2,002 1,451 1,720 551 938 277 1,000 31,280 63,7071978 76.0 9.56 2,312 2,036 1,433 1,755 603 902 276 1,010 37,461 68,6101979 77.3 10.78 2,037 1,760 1,194 1,760 566 938 277 1,050 42,231 69,1181980 80.8 12.66 1,535 1,313 852 1,740 461 979 222 1,050 46,338 68,3451981 82.4 14.70 1,341 1,100 705 1,720 395 980 241 1,015 46,351 63,5821982 83.5 15.14 1,312 1,072 663 1,710 409 990 240 1,000 45,291 59,8301983 83.9 12.57 2,009 1,713 1,068 1,725 645 942 296 1,035 49,295 63,9361984 85.4 12.38 2,051 1,756 1,084 1,780 672 914 295 1,060 70,597 105,3691985 86.8 11.55 2,029 1,745 1,072 1,785 673 922 284 1,080 82,127 120,2451986 88.5 10.17 2,049 1,805 1,179 1,825 626 911 244 1,110 94,329 132,1131987 89.5 9.31 1,854 1,621 1,146 1,905 475 980 233 1,140 98,413 131,7441988 91.1 9.19 1,706 1,488 1,081 1,995 407 990 218 1,175 106,864 137,5341989 92.8 10.13 1,574 1,376 1,003 2,035 373 1,000 198 1,195 108,054 133,7301990 93.3 10.05 1,381 1,193 895 2,080 298 1,005 188 1,205 115,432 138,4081991 94.3 9.32 1,185 1,014 840 2,075 174 1,020 171 1,225 107,692 128,0521992 94.6 8.24 1,411 1,200 1,030 2,095 170 1,040 211 1,255 115,569 177,7981993 95.3 7.20 1,542 1,288 1,126 2,095 162 1,065 254 1,295 121,899 178,7901994 96.0 7.49 1,517 1,457 1,198 2,100 259 1,035 304 1,330 130,625 183,4361995 97.3 7.87 1,694 1,354 1,076 2,095 278 1,080 340 1,355 124,971 168,1751996 98.7 7.80 1,838 1,475 1,161 2,120 314 1,070 363 1,380 131,362 173,4151997 99.9 7.71 1,828 1,474 1,134 2,150 340 1,095 354 1,420 133,577 171,3621998 101.0 7.07 1,990 1,617 1,271 2,190 346 1,065 373 1,450 133,693 167,1161999 103.9 7.04 2,012 1,663 1,303 2,223 341 1,104 349 1,465 142,900 170,8722000 104.7 7.52 1,824 1,573 1,231 2,266 342 1,114 251 1,505 152,975 174,9892001 108.2 7.00 1,796 1,603 1,273 2,324 330 1,171 193 1,540 157,765 174,1342002 109.3 6.43 1,874 1,706 1,359 2,320 347 1,166 168 1,595 173,324 186,6312003 111.3 5.80 1,979 1,848 1,499 2,330 349 1,173 131 1,570 176,899 189,7042004 112.0 5.77 2,087 1,956 1,611 2,349 345 1,243 131 1,625 198,557 225,9672005 113.3 5.94 2,215 2,068 1,716 2,434 353 1,247 147 1,595 215,030 237,5502006 114.4 6.63 1,918 1,801 1,465 2,469 336 1,277 117 1,605 228,208 243,7342007 116.0 6.41 1,451 1,355 1,046 2,521 309 1,300 96 1,600 226,359 236,5302008 116.8 6.05 988 906 622 2,519 284 1,250 82 1,565 z z
2009 117.2 5.14 604 554 445 2,438 109 1,227 50 1,530 z z
2010 117.5 4.80 637 587 471 2,392 116 1,172 50 1,515 z z
2011 113.4 4.56 660 609 431 2,480 178 1,159 51 z z z
2012 114.2 3.69 836 781 535 2,505 245 1,138 55 z z z
2013 122.5 4.00 985 925 618 2,598 307 1,107 60 z z z
2014 123.2 4.22 1,067 1,003 648 2,675 355 1,162 64 z z z
2015 124.6 4.01 1,183 1,112 715 2,689 397 1,152 71 z z z
2016 125.8 3.76 1,255 1,174 782 2,624 392 1,171 81 z z z
2017 126.2 3.97 1,295 1,202 849 2,598 354 1,158 93 z z z
aU.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census (63,64). bU.S. Council of Economic Advisors (42,43).cNational Association of Home Builders (28,29); Manufactured Housing Institute (27).dU.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service estimates based on data from the Manufactured Housing Institute; U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (59,74); Manufactured Housing Institute (27).eU.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census (68). fData for privately owned housing starts from 1986 to present.zData no longer available.
improvementse
One family Multifamily Mobile homes for residential
New housing unitsNew housing starts
Table 2—Number of households and housing market indicators, 1965–2017
Expenditures
upkeep and
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
25
Year
U.S. Index U.S. Index U.S. Index U.S. Index U.S. Index U.S. Index U.S. Indexdollars 2009=100 dollars 2009=100 dollars 2009=100 dollars 2009=100 dollars 2009=100 dollars 2009=100 dollars 2009=100
1972 3.33 22.3 4.25 25.0 3.29 22.0 3.37 21.6 3.95 20.5 3.08 20.5 3.82 20.91973 3.61 24.2 4.56 26.8 3.62 24.2 3.62 23.2 4.20 21.8 3.29 21.9 4.09 22.41974 3.89 26.1 4.91 28.9 3.88 26.0 3.91 25.1 4.53 23.5 3.53 23.5 4.42 24.21975 4.26 28.6 5.28 31.1 4.34 29.0 4.26 27.3 5.01 26.0 3.78 25.1 4.83 26.51976 4.72 31.6 6.03 35.5 4.86 32.5 4.67 30.0 5.47 28.4 4.34 28.9 5.68 31.11977 5.10 34.2 6.58 38.7 5.28 35.3 5.04 32.3 5.96 30.9 4.34 28.9 5.68 31.11978 5.60 37.5 7.25 42.6 5.83 39.0 5.55 35.6 6.52 33.8 4.68 31.1 6.17 33.81979 6.07 40.7 7.97 46.9 6.32 42.3 5.95 38.2 7.13 37.0 5.06 33.6 6.70 36.71980 6.55 43.9 8.64 50.8 6.70 44.8 6.41 41.1 7.84 40.6 5.49 36.5 7.27 39.91981 6.99 46.8 9.11 53.6 7.19 48.1 6.89 44.2 8.60 44.6 5.91 39.3 7.99 43.81982 7.43 49.8 9.79 57.6 7.73 51.7 7.33 47.0 9.32 48.3 6.31 42.0 8.49 46.51983 7.80 52.3 10.17 59.8 8.20 54.9 7.64 49.0 9.93 51.5 6.62 44.0 8.83 48.41984 8.03 53.8 10.70 62.9 8.42 56.4 7.81 50.1 10.41 54.0 6.84 45.5 9.19 50.41985 8.22 55.1 10.92 64.2 8.52 57.0 8.06 51.7 10.83 56.1 7.17 47.7 9.54 52.31986 8.34 55.9 10.82 63.6 8.58 57.4 8.23 52.8 11.18 58.0 7.46 49.6 9.73 53.31987 8.40 56.3 10.68 62.8 8.58 57.4 8.35 53.6 11.43 59.3 7.67 51.0 9.91 54.31988 8.61 57.7 10.78 63.4 8.75 58.6 8.55 54.8 11.69 60.6 7.94 52.8 10.18 55.81989 8.84 59.2 11.13 65.5 9.03 60.4 8.73 56.0 11.96 62.0 8.25 54.9 10.48 57.51990 9.08 60.9 11.22 66.0 9.22 61.7 9.04 58.0 12.31 63.8 8.52 56.6 10.83 59.41991 9.24 61.9 11.06 65.1 9.37 62.7 9.28 59.5 12.72 65.9 5.76 38.3 11.18 61.31992 9.44 63.3 11.17 65.7 9.59 64.2 9.48 60.8 13.07 67.8 9.01 59.9 11.46 62.81993 9.61 64.4 11.37 66.9 9.78 65.5 9.65 61.9 13.42 69.6 9.27 61.6 11.74 64.41994 9.84 66.0 11.44 67.3 10.05 67.3 9.89 63.4 13.77 71.4 9.55 63.5 12.06 66.11995 10.12 67.8 11.64 68.5 10.31 69.0 10.12 64.9 14.23 73.8 9.82 65.3 12.37 67.81996 10.44 70.0 11.76 69.2 10.59 70.9 10.51 67.4 14.68 76.1 10.15 67.5 12.78 70.11997 10.76 72.1 12.16 71.5 10.85 72.6 10.89 69.9 15.06 78.1 10.55 70.1 13.17 72.21998 11.10 74.4 12.48 73.4 11.12 74.4 11.25 72.2 15.51 80.4 10.90 72.5 13.49 74.01999 11.46 76.8 13.24 77.9 11.40 76.3 11.59 74.3 15.97 82.8 11.23 74.7 13.91 76.32000 11.94 80.0 13.70 80.6 11.90 79.7 12.08 77.5 16.25 84.2 11.74 78.1 14.37 78.82001 12.26 82.2 14.40 84.7 12.19 81.6 12.45 79.9 16.87 87.5 12.24 81.4 14.83 81.32002 12.50 83.8 14.76 86.8 12.42 83.1 12.60 80.8 17.50 90.7 12.61 83.8 15.29 83.82003c 12.71 85.2 14.95 87.9 13.84 92.6 12.60 80.8 17.32 89.8 12.98 86.3 15.74 86.32004 13.03 87.3 15.03 88.4 14.05 94.0 13.20 84.7 17.90 92.8 13.16 87.5 16.14 88.52005 13.16 88.2 15.74 92.6 13.97 93.5 13.48 86.5 17.98 93.2 13.44 89.4 16.56 90.82006 13.40 89.8 16.06 94.5 13.98 93.6 13.62 87.4 18.01 93.4 13.79 91.7 16.80 92.12007 13.67 91.6 16.07 94.5 14.19 95.0 14.06 90.2 18.43 95.5 14.32 95.2 17.26 94.62008 14.20 95.2 16.64 97.9 14.51 97.1 15.04 96.5 18.88 97.9 14.54 96.7 17.44 95.62009 14.92 100.0 17.00 100.0 14.94 100.0 15.59 100.0 19.29 100.0 15.04 100.0 18.24 100.02010 14.85 99.5 18.85 110.9 14.88 99.6 15.57 99.9 20.04 103.9 15.06 100.1 18.61 102.02011 14.81 99.3 19.41 114.2 14.69 98.3 15.50 99.4 20.26 105.0 15.24 101.3 18.93 103.82012 14.99 100.5 20.09 118.2 15.12 101.2 15.54 99.7 20.42 105.9 15.46 102.8 19.08 104.62013 15.48 103.8 20.46 120.4 15.95 106.8 15.79 101.3 20.31 105.3 15.58 103.6 19.30 105.82014 15.58 104.4 20.69 121.7 15.63 104.6 16.11 103.3 20.35 105.5 15.67 104.2 19.56 107.22015 16.16 108.3 20.92 123.1 16.77 112.2 16.45 105.5 21.47 111.3 16.09 107.0 19.92 109.22016 16.81 112.7 21.29 125.2 18.03 120.7 16.86 108.1 21.71 112.5 16.82 111.8 20.43 112.02017 17.47 117.1 20.58 121.1 18.27 122.3 17.67 113.3 21.773 112.9 17.52 116.5 20.89 114.5
aFor production or nonsupervisory workers.bU.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics (79,80,81,82).cChanged from SIC to NAICS in 2003.
and structural
Table 3—Average hourly earningsa in timber-based industries and all manufacturing in the United States, 1972–2017b
Lumber and Logging camps Millwork, plywood,
ManufacturingPaper and allied Furniture and
except furniture contractors planing mills members products fixtureswood products and logging Sawmills and
Research Paper FPL–RP–701
26
Woo
dLu
mbe
r,Lu
mbe
rSa
wmills
Woo
dbu
ildin
gsM
isc.
plyw
ood,
and
othe
rRe
side
ntia
lSp
ecia
lan
d pl
anin
gki
tche
nW
ood
and
mob
ilewo
odan
dbu
ildin
gbu
ildin
gO
pera
tive
trade
Year
Logg
ing
mills
, gen
eral
qM
illwor
kca
bine
tsq
cont
aine
rsq
hom
esq
prod
ucts
qm
illwor
km
ater
ials
cons
truct
ion
build
ersq
cont
ract
ors
1972
69.0
182.
078
.538
.145
.811
0.5
86.3
z26
8.3
577.
693
.61,
950.
619
7375
.918
5.9
83.3
41.9
47.5
115.
091
.1z
286.
159
4.2
101.
82,
086.
719
7480
.719
1.3
75.1
38.5
46.3
82.2
90.0
z28
7.6
576.
092
.12,
029.
019
7573
.516
9.6
67.6
31.5
38.9
63.1
78.1
z26
7.9
479.
968
.31,
778.
819
7681
.518
4.4
75.2
36.9
41.2
71.4
84.5
z28
3.4
513.
867
.21,
805.
819
7784
.218
9.3
80.8
44.2
42.0
82.1
87.0
z30
2.1
578.
175
.41,
982.
719
7884
.819
2.3
85.5
50.0
44.4
87.3
91.3
z32
5.5
637.
381
.92,
172.
619
7988
.519
6.4
84.5
54.1
46.9
83.4
92.7
z33
7.5
625.
183
.32,
292.
619
8087
.517
8.2
76.3
48.4
42.5
65.6
87.9
z32
5.3
554.
366
.62,
278.
319
8182
.116
8.4
74.8
47.0
41.2
66.7
87.5
z31
5.1
508.
159
.72,
228.
619
8275
.414
8.1
70.4
42.0
37.6
60.0
78.9
77.2
298.
344
6.9
47.9
2,11
9.2
1983
82.9
160.
381
.148
.737
.869
.381
.283
.132
0.9
492.
954
.82,
173.
619
8487
.516
6.5
90.3
57.0
41.0
73.5
84.4
92.9
346.
857
8.9
57.9
2,46
1.7
1985
84.4
160.
295
.060
.440
.972
.083
.397
.236
3.2
622.
658
.42,
652.
219
8684
.115
8.3
100.
965
.440
.869
.484
.210
0.1
380.
466
5.4
57.0
2,77
0.6
1987
85.4
163.
710
9.0
70.8
41.9
69.0
87.4
106.
541
2.8
692.
353
.52,
901.
419
8888
.016
5.8
111.
772
.743
.868
.089
.811
6.2
436.
671
0.6
46.6
3,00
5.2
1989
86.9
163.
210
9.6
73.6
44.7
64.4
87.3
119.
444
1.0
680.
941
.93,
072.
119
9084
.616
0.1
106.
672
.345
.159
.484
.811
7.9
432.
864
2.8
38.0
3,05
1.0
1991
78.7
148.
097
.964
.644
.054
.180
.210
9.7
417.
155
3.7
30.7
2,78
3.3
1992
78.7
144.
610
0.3
65.7
43.5
56.4
80.8
110.
142
9.3
528.
227
.22,
704.
119
9381
.114
5.2
103.
368
.845
.964
.283
.811
3.1
450.
656
0.8
27.2
2,83
5.6
1994
82.1
150.
311
0.2
74.7
49.3
73.5
87.7
119.
549
1.9
604.
727
.93,
058.
419
9582
.514
8.0
111.
476
.051
.281
.487
.812
3.5
512.
660
8.8
26.6
3,20
1.1
1996
80.7
143.
511
3.9
78.4
52.4
89.1
88.6
126.
053
5.2
642.
026
.23,
383.
619
9782
.214
4.6
117.
481
.454
.593
.489
.113
0.0
562.
667
2.5
26.6
3,58
2.3
1998
80.0
144.
112
1.4
87.6
55.8
99.7
87.6
134.
357
6.7
706.
127
.53,
803.
619
9979
.014
1.7
124.
895
.656
.810
2.9
85.4
142.
261
2.3
767.
329
.94,
084.
220
0079
.014
2.2
126.
510
3.1
58.4
90.3
83.5
145.
464
3.4
798.
432
.04,
251.
220
0173
.513
4.1
123.
210
3.6
56.2
76.9
79.5
137.
868
0.5
753.
433
.04,
300.
520
0269
.113
1.7
122.
310
7.2
55.1
70.7
75.2
138.
670
9.2
773.
932
.84,
194.
220
0369
.411
7.1
150.
315
3.5
59.2
44.2
96.9
114.
153
7.6
837.
928
.94,
255.
720
0467
.811
7.5
156.
016
1.2
60.8
43.9
96.8
117.
354
8.4
894.
128
.64,
429.
720
0565
.211
9.2
159.
117
0.1
58.5
46.4
99.2
123.
355
9.2
960.
331
.14,
673.
120
0664
.411
7.8
159.
417
6.6
59.6
48.4
103.
712
0.1
558.
81,
008.
832
.84,
901.
120
0760
.111
1.2
146.
916
6.6
59.5
40.1
91.2
108.
351
7.1
949.
030
.94,
850.
220
0857
.010
3.6
128.
114
5.4
57.4
33.9
79.4
90.2
457.
781
6.1
28.0
4,55
5.8
2009
50.4
83.2
101.
411
1.9
50.7
21.1
56.6
68.3
360.
263
8.1
24.5
3,80
7.9
2010
49.7
82.3
92.6
99.7
50.8
19.1
52.6
63.9
342.
157
1.8
21.4
3,46
3.4
2011
48.7
83.7
89.1
97.0
52.5
18.3
49.8
62.0
337.
156
5.6
21.0
3,47
4.6
2012
50.8
84.7
86.6
94.9
53.5
17.4
50.5
63.9
339.
158
0.8
22.2
3,53
7.1
2013
51.8
86.3
90.7
100.
954
.517
.453
.768
.035
3.2
611.
624
.93,
684.
420
1452
.590
.794
.810
8.2
57.0
17.4
57.3
72.0
371.
766
0.6
26.8
3,86
6.8
2015
52.4
92.2
97.7
110.
259
.717
.457
.975
.038
2.5
693.
529
.84,
099.
720
1651
.092
.210
1.3
116.
059
.517
.461
.578
.239
2.7
730.
931
.64,
283.
020
1749
.592
.410
3.4
119.
259
.717
.463
.777
.439
6.6
750.
333
.14,
428.
0a U.
S. D
epar
tmen
t of L
abor
, Bur
eau
of L
abor
Sta
tistic
s.q Ch
ange
s in
topi
cs c
ause
dat
a ch
ange
s af
ter 2
003
when
SIC
cha
nged
to N
AICS
.z Ch
ange
from
SIC
to N
AICS
cau
ses
chan
ge in
dat
a 20
03 a
nd a
fter.
Lum
ber p
rodu
cing
Lum
ber d
epen
dent
Tabl
e 4—
Aver
age
empl
oym
ent i
n lu
mbe
r-pr
oduc
ing
and
lum
ber-
depe
nden
t ind
ustr
ies
in th
e Un
ited
Stat
es, i
n th
ousa
nd p
eopl
e, 1
972–
2017
a
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
27
Tabl
e 5a
—Pr
oduc
tion,
impo
rts,
exp
orts
, and
con
sum
ptio
n of
tim
ber
prod
ucts
, by
maj
or p
rodu
ct, 1
965–
2017
(mill
ion
cubi
c fe
et, r
ound
woo
d eq
uiva
lent
)a
Indu
stria
l rou
ndwo
od u
seO
ther
Fuel
-in
dust
rial
wood
All p
rodu
cts
Tota
lLu
mbe
rPl
ywoo
d an
d ve
neer
Pulp
wood
-bas
ed p
rodu
cts
prod
ucts
,Lo
gse
Pulp
wood
chi
pdpr
oduc
-
prod
uctio
ntio
n an
dPr
oduc
- Co
nsum
p-
Prod
uc-
Im-
Ex-
Cons
ump-
Pr
oduc
-Im
-Ex
-Co
nsum
p-
Prod
uc-
Im-
Ex-
Cons
ump-
Pr
oduc
-Im
-Ex
-Co
nsum
p-an
d co
n-Im
- Ex
-Im
-Ex
-co
n-Ye
artio
ntio
ntio
npo
rtspo
rtstio
ntio
npo
rtspo
rtstio
ntio
npo
rtspo
rtstio
ntio
npo
rtsb
ports
btio
nsu
mpt
ionc
ports
ports
ports
ports
sum
ptio
n19
6512
,276
13,3
2111
,230
1,61
055
812
,283
6,23
382
915
16,
910
1,07
069
31,
137
3,17
670
121
33,
665
560
1119
1z
71,
038
1966
12,5
7813
,611
11,5
201,
679
628
12,5
716,
222
826
169
6,88
01,
118
824
1,19
63,
392
755
232
3,91
556
515
223
z17
1,04
019
6712
,445
13,2
5711
,332
1,61
976
112
,191
6,03
781
618
66,
667
1,10
081
71,
175
3,36
570
925
33,
822
515
1231
5z
471,
066
1968
13,0
1313
,841
11,8
141,
816
887
12,7
436,
112
975
191
6,89
61,
238
124
61,
355
3,53
970
528
03,
964
515
1341
1z
101
1,09
819
6913
,208
14,0
9911
,963
1,94
590
812
,999
5,96
51,
001
189
6,77
71,
153
138
161,
276
3,86
179
232
04,
334
600
1338
3z
146
1,10
019
7014
,378
15,1
5512
,963
2,01
91,
092
13,8
906,
511
1,08
922
97,
371
1,19
713
312
1,31
84,
165
773
413
4,52
565
223
438
z15
01,
265
1971
13,6
5614
,746
12,3
002,
105
892
13,5
136,
182
1,20
118
27,
201
1,37
816
68
1,53
53,
773
725
336
4,16
260
213
366
z12
31,
233
1972
13,9
9415
,157
12,5
672,
394
1,07
513
,887
6,33
91,
492
237
7,59
31,
512
206
181,
700
3,69
869
031
74,
071
517
650
2z
157
1,27
019
7314
,213
15,2
1412
,795
2,41
61,
199
14,0
126,
490
1,51
632
27,
684
1,49
616
534
1,62
83,
775
729
305
4,20
049
55
538
z21
61,
202
1974
13,9
0914
,668
12,3
522,
169
1,16
913
,352
6,11
41,
228
308
7,03
41,
287
107
451,
349
4,10
082
239
34,
529
428
1242
3z
240
1,31
619
7512
,774
13,2
3011
,317
1,74
71,
093
11,9
715,
884
1,03
628
86,
632
1,27
712
564
1,33
83,
345
572
314
3,60
238
514
427
z19
81,
259
1976
13,5
8014
,255
12,1
022,
121
1,20
113
,023
6,02
61,
298
303
7,02
11,
466
154
591,
562
3,71
565
531
94,
052
375
1352
0z
245
1,23
219
7714
,218
15,3
7112
,529
2,51
31,
100
13,9
436,
461
1,69
227
97,
874
1,55
114
826
1,67
43,
641
648
304
3,98
538
525
491
z26
11,
428
1978
15,0
1216
,457
12,9
302,
843
1,17
314
,600
6,58
61,
925
295
8,21
71,
587
167
251,
729
3,81
773
530
94,
244
395
1554
5z
225
1,85
719
7915
,730
16,8
3813
,221
2,75
81,
371
14,6
086,
516
1,80
835
67,
968
1,54
113
732
1,64
64,
136
792
359
4,56
940
521
623
z28
02,
230
1980
14,9
9815
,642
12,0
742,
390
1,46
712
,997
5,62
31,
524
406
6,74
11,
265
8130
1,31
64,
250
765
510
4,50
541
520
522
z27
82,
645
1981
14,4
9515
,313
11,4
582,
345
1,30
712
,496
5,15
81,
497
398
6,25
71,
275
9953
1,32
14,
195
734
451
4,47
742
516
405
z22
02,
817
1982
15,0
3715
,864
11,3
202,
317
1,31
312
,323
5,13
31,
478
336
6,27
51,
220
122
351,
307
4,01
969
842
84,
288
435
1951
3z
178
3,54
019
8316
,433
17,7
2612
,879
2,87
21,
423
14,3
296,
121
1,90
237
57,
647
1,48
317
944
1,61
84,
270
766
444
4,59
244
526
560
z15
63,
397
1984
17,1
3818
,785
13,3
683,
144
1,35
315
,159
6,49
12,
080
354
8,21
61,
493
161
281,
627
4,37
088
041
24,
838
455
2455
9z
145
3,62
619
8516
,999
18,9
0213
,400
3,40
41,
356
15,4
486,
404
2,27
529
78,
382
1,48
519
425
1,65
44,
432
918
419
4,93
146
516
615
z14
43,
454
1986
18,3
2820
,023
14,6
443,
379
1,53
316
,490
7,10
52,
196
388
8,91
31,
598
199
451,
751
4,88
197
251
45,
338
475
1358
5z
151
3,53
319
8718
,472
20,0
9215
,385
3,52
81,
750
17,1
637,
611
2,26
350
59,
369
1,63
924
057
1,82
34,
982
1,01
253
05,
463
495
1365
7z
158
2,92
919
8818
,736
19,7
0115
,618
3,27
92,
096
16,8
007,
667
2,04
569
49,
018
1,59
820
172
1,72
85,
075
1,02
156
35,
533
510
1176
7z
218
2,90
119
8918
,572
19,5
7815
,722
3,37
62,
370
16,7
287,
541
2,22
564
29,
124
1,45
411
497
1,47
15,
149
1,02
260
75,
565
555
675
3z
271
2,85
019
9018
,477
19,1
0815
,577
3,04
42,
413
16,2
087,
317
1,90
569
78,
526
1,42
397
109
1,41
05,
313
1,03
864
55,
705
562
467
4z
288
2,90
019
9118
,823
19,2
8815
,187
2,86
42,
400
15,6
527,
039
1,81
062
78,
222
1,26
783
951,
255
5,39
796
974
55,
621
551
260
2z
332
3,63
619
9218
,065
18,7
9415
,215
3,05
62,
326
15,9
446,
982
1,95
554
48,
393
1,29
410
010
61,
288
5,51
699
280
05,
707
546
752
42
351
2,85
019
9317
,358
18,6
6014
,914
3,42
32,
120
16,2
166,
894
2,23
851
18,
621
1,29
310
010
01,
293
5,42
31,
065
723
5,76
551
715
460
532
62,
444
1994
17,3
6518
,891
15,1
643,
636
2,11
016
,690
7,08
52,
409
484
9,00
91,
320
9486
1,32
85,
576
1,10
275
75,
921
401
1842
914
354
2,20
119
9517
,604
19,2
4915
,454
3,92
92,
284
17,0
996,
857
2,54
546
28,
939
1,30
310
789
1,32
16,
079
1,24
590
46,
420
387
1345
119
377
2,15
019
9617
,268
18,9
3415
,344
3,93
52,
269
17,0
106,
975
2,66
445
49,
185
1,28
197
871,
291
5,90
81,
144
890
6,16
134
218
422
1241
61,
924
1997
17,3
6219
,119
15,6
624,
063
2,30
617
,419
7,21
02,
675
466
9,41
91,
213
114
103
1,22
46,
101
1,25
092
96,
422
330
2038
44
424
1,70
019
98r
17,2
0919
,536
15,5
774,
284
1,95
717
,904
7,22
22,
791
354
9,65
81,
201
131
551,
277
6,12
01,
353
818
6,62
830
530
316
741
41,
632
1999
17,2
0819
,704
15,5
834,
430
1,93
518
,079
7,53
32,
884
410
10,0
071,
208
151
551,
304
5,80
91,
340
735
6,41
429
847
326
940
91,
625
2000
17,1
5019
,737
15,5
284,
626
2,03
918
,115
7,38
42,
943
435
9,89
21,
187
154
511,
290
5,88
11,
448
776
6,55
330
072
422
935
51,
622
2001
16,4
3119
,322
14,8
104,
699
1,80
717
,701
7,05
23,
007
359
9,69
91,
088
176
391,
225
5,68
31,
438
742
6,37
832
073
403
526
51,
621
2002
r16
,303
19,4
3714
,783
4,87
11,
738
17,9
177,
217
3,15
435
910
,012
1,06
722
334
1,25
65,
605
1,40
476
86,
241
317
8638
84
188
1,52
020
0316
,289
19,8
1314
,774
5,06
01,
535
18,2
987,
110
3,19
334
79,
956
1,05
224
035
1,25
75,
784
1,53
664
36,
677
318
8035
611
155
1,51
520
0415
,768
19,7
4814
,228
5,42
61,
445
18,2
087,
563
3,70
434
810
,919
1,08
235
443
1,39
34,
731
1,26
852
15,
479
318
7336
626
168
1,54
020
0515
,984
20,0
4114
,434
5,52
71,
470
18,4
917,
680
3,74
436
211
,063
1,06
837
337
1,40
34,
856
1,27
256
05,
569
318
113
345
2516
61,
550
2006
15,5
3319
,150
14,1
255,
096
1,47
917
,742
7,50
53,
415
390
10,5
3098
933
935
1,29
34,
886
1,22
956
45,
551
255
9433
919
151
1,40
820
0715
,203
17,8
4313
,716
4,24
31,
604
16,3
556,
921
2,74
335
99,
305
898
264
401,
122
5,08
11,
163
649
5,59
526
167
350
720
51,
487
2008
13,5
7515
,014
12,0
083,
150
1,71
113
,448
5,39
51,
894
345
6,94
574
518
445
884
5,03
11,
034
750
5,31
526
635
313
325
71,
566
2009
12,2
8113
,066
10,6
352,
356
1,57
111
,420
4,57
61,
347
288
5,63
661
614
634
728
4,65
384
473
14,
766
272
1732
22
196
1,64
620
1012
,731
13,3
3211
,006
2,48
81,
888
11,6
074,
569
1,42
238
95,
602
655
161
5576
04,
863
880
802
4,94
127
720
407
623
51,
725
2011
13,3
9113
,742
11,5
872,
469
2,11
811
,938
5,00
51,
403
454
5,95
565
116
652
765
4,92
287
588
74,
911
283
1948
56
241
1,80
420
1213
,928
14,4
2012
,046
2,56
42,
073
12,5
375,
219
1,48
046
46,
234
679
176
5779
85,
088
874
864
5,09
937
328
432
625
61,
882
2013
14,5
0715
,026
12,5
472,
838
2,32
013
,065
5,60
71,
703
519
6,79
170
320
555
853
5,06
890
21,
040
4,92
946
326
463
324
21,
960
2014
14,9
9215
,808
12,9
543,
119
2,30
413
,769
5,99
51,
915
545
7,36
669
320
946
856
5,01
696
91,
016
4,96
955
222
444
425
32,
039
2015
15,2
4116
,283
13,1
243,
257
2,21
414
,167
6,06
52,
097
492
7,67
068
824
439
893
5,05
688
21,
009
4,92
964
229
363
431
12,
117
2016
15,5
2416
,922
13,3
293,
615
2,21
614
,727
6,14
32,
426
527
8,04
270
326
343
923
5,09
989
699
55,
000
732
2439
06
262
2,19
520
1715
,917
17,1
2413
,643
3,52
22,
315
14,8
516,
338
2,32
858
08,
086
729
285
4796
75,
081
875
1,01
34,
943
822
3239
32
280
2,27
3a U.
S. D
epar
tmen
t of A
gric
ultu
re, F
ores
t Ser
vice
(22)
; U.S
. Int
erna
tiona
l Tra
de C
omm
issi
on (8
6); d
ata
may
not
add
to to
tals
bec
ause
of r
ound
ing;
dat
a ha
ve b
een
revi
sed.
b Incl
udes
pul
pwoo
d an
d th
e pu
lpwo
od e
quiv
alen
t of w
ood
pulp
and
pap
er a
nd b
oard
.c In
clud
es c
oope
rage
logs
, pol
es a
nd p
iling,
fenc
e po
sts,
hew
n tie
s, ro
und
min
e tim
bers
, box
bol
ts, e
xcel
sior
bol
ts, c
hem
ical
woo
d, s
hing
le b
olts
, and
mis
cella
neou
s ite
ms.
d Prio
r to
1989
, pul
pwoo
d ch
ips
are
not i
nclu
ded
in to
tal p
rodu
ctio
n.e Pr
ior t
o 20
00, P
ulpw
ood
Logs
are
not
incl
uded
in L
ogs.
z Not A
vaila
ble.
r Revi
sed
Research Paper FPL–RP–701
28
Tabl
e 5b
—Pr
oduc
tion,
impo
rts,
exp
orts
, and
con
sum
ptio
n of
tim
ber
prod
ucts
, by
maj
or p
rodu
ct, 1
965–
2017
(tho
usan
d cu
bic
met
ers,
rou
ndw
ood
equi
vale
nt)a
Indu
stria
l rou
ndwo
od u
seO
ther
Fuel
-in
dust
rial
wood
All p
rodu
cts
Tota
lLu
mbe
rPl
ywoo
d an
d ve
neer
Pulp
wood
-bas
ed p
rodu
cts
prod
ucts
,Lo
gse
Pulp
wood
chi
pdpr
oduc
-
prod
uctio
ntio
n an
dPr
oduc
- Co
nsum
p-
Prod
uc-
Im-
Ex-
Cons
ump-
Pr
oduc
-Im
-Ex
-Co
nsum
p-
Prod
uc-
Im-
Ex-
Cons
ump-
Pr
oduc
-Im
-Ex
-Co
nsum
p-an
d co
n-Im
- Ex
-Im
-Ex
-co
n-Ye
artio
ntio
ntio
npo
rtspo
rtstio
ntio
npo
rtspo
rtstio
ntio
npo
rtspo
rtstio
ntio
npo
rtsb
ports
btio
nsu
mpt
ionc
ports
ports
ports
ports
sum
ptio
n19
6534
7,61
337
7,20
831
8,01
045
,577
15,6
8834
7,81
517
6,48
923
,473
4,29
019
5,67
230
,305
1,94
174
32,1
9489
,947
19,8
556,
018
103,
784
15,8
5830
85,
413
z20
929
,393
1966
356,
161
385,
432
326,
221
47,5
4217
,785
355,
982
176,
197
23,4
024,
783
194,
816
31,6
722,
318
117
33,8
7896
,051
21,3
896,
583
110,
857
15,9
9943
36,
301
z49
129
,450
1967
352,
413
375,
398
320,
898
45,8
3621
,543
345,
212
170,
941
23,1
015,
262
188,
780
31,1
532,
300
196
33,2
7895
,287
20,0
877,
153
108,
221
14,5
8334
98,
933
z1,
329
30,1
8619
6836
8,48
039
1,93
033
4,53
751
,437
25,1
2436
0,83
817
3,06
427
,605
5,39
719
5,27
135
,044
3,49
816
138
,368
100,
213
19,9
777,
933
112,
257
14,5
8335
811
,632
z2,
850
31,0
9219
6937
4,02
139
9,24
933
8,74
355
,065
25,7
1836
8,10
116
8,91
828
,336
5,34
619
1,90
832
,646
3,91
645
336
,119
109,
334
22,4
419,
063
122,
712
16,9
9037
110
,855
z4,
129
31,1
4919
7040
7,15
142
9,13
436
7,07
357
,160
30,9
3539
3,31
318
4,38
030
,829
6,48
520
8,72
433
,884
3,77
834
937
,328
117,
931
21,8
9911
,686
128,
144
18,4
6365
412
,415
z4,
257
35,8
2119
7138
6,71
141
7,56
634
8,31
259
,594
25,3
2038
2,65
117
5,05
734
,001
5,16
020
3,89
839
,010
4,69
223
843
,479
106,
831
20,5
209,
506
117,
845
17,0
4738
010
,367
z3,
484
34,9
1519
7239
6,27
642
9,33
235
5,86
967
,780
30,2
9039
3,36
917
9,49
042
,236
6,70
921
5,01
842
,805
5,83
151
948
,125
104,
705
19,5
368,
977
115,
264
14,6
4017
814
,229
z4,
444
35,9
6319
7340
2,48
243
0,65
636
2,31
668
,406
34,1
0439
6,61
918
3,77
142
,938
9,12
921
7,58
042
,371
4,67
894
946
,101
106,
910
20,6
398,
635
118,
913
14,0
1715
215
,247
z6,
128
34,0
3719
7439
3,85
041
5,17
934
9,77
961
,425
33,2
8237
7,91
417
3,14
034
,767
8,73
119
9,17
636
,442
3,03
91,
281
38,1
9311
6,10
823
,272
11,1
3812
8,24
212
,120
347
11,9
69z
6,80
637
,265
1975
361,
710
374,
728
320,
465
49,4
8030
,863
339,
077
166,
608
29,3
458,
158
187,
795
36,1
633,
551
1,81
237
,897
94,7
1216
,197
8,90
310
2,00
610
,902
387
12,0
80z
5,59
435
,651
1976
384,
533
403,
872
342,
698
60,0
6533
,791
368,
986
170,
639
36,7
688,
588
198,
818
41,5
154,
369
1,68
144
,217
105,
204
18,5
599,
026
114,
738
10,6
1937
014
,721
z6,
949
34,8
8719
7740
2,61
343
5,57
435
4,79
671
,162
30,8
4339
5,13
418
2,95
347
,914
7,89
022
2,97
743
,933
4,19
474
847
,398
103,
103
18,3
548,
610
112,
847
10,9
0270
013
,904
z7,
377
40,4
4019
7842
5,10
446
5,75
136
6,14
580
,507
33,4
9541
3,16
118
6,50
554
,521
8,34
823
2,67
844
,926
4,72
969
448
,965
108,
088
20,8
188,
743
120,
163
11,1
8543
915
,442
z6,
369
52,5
9019
7944
5,43
847
6,52
337
4,38
178
,090
39,0
9341
3,38
618
4,52
151
,187
10,0
9222
5,61
743
,630
3,87
390
346
,607
117,
110
22,4
2810
,172
129,
365
11,4
6860
217
,652
z7,
920
63,1
3719
8042
4,69
344
2,90
334
1,89
967
,679
41,5
9036
7,99
315
9,21
343
,162
11,5
0319
0,87
335
,815
2,28
584
737
,257
120,
349
21,6
5414
,436
127,
567
11,7
5257
814
,770
z7,
884
74,9
1019
8141
0,46
043
3,63
032
4,44
466
,410
37,0
0335
3,85
814
6,05
842
,386
11,2
5817
7,18
636
,094
2,79
31,
492
37,4
0311
8,77
820
,772
12,7
9012
6,76
012
,035
458
11,4
79z
6,24
379
,773
1982
425,
817
449,
324
320,
538
65,6
1837
,060
349,
080
145,
341
41,8
639,
524
177,
680
34,5
543,
464
989
37,0
1311
3,79
319
,761
12,1
3412
1,41
912
,318
530
14,5
31z
5,03
510
0,24
419
8346
5,33
650
1,67
536
4,70
881
,339
40,5
6140
5,47
417
3,31
453
,846
10,6
1221
6,54
842
,007
5,06
71,
233
45,8
2812
0,92
321
,679
12,5
7713
0,02
512
,601
747
15,8
63z
4,42
696
,202
1984
485,
301
532,
052
378,
538
89,0
3438
,209
429,
383
183,
798
58,8
8710
,023
232,
662
42,2
874,
559
797
46,0
7012
3,73
924
,923
11,6
7713
6,98
512
,884
665
15,8
30z
4,09
410
2,66
919
8548
1,34
753
4,68
837
9,44
796
,377
38,9
5543
6,86
918
1,33
764
,425
8,40
923
7,35
242
,040
5,50
070
146
,839
125,
496
26,0
0311
,878
139,
621
13,1
6745
017
,408
z4,
081
97,8
1819
8651
8,98
256
6,82
041
4,66
295
,678
43,5
6546
6,77
620
1,20
462
,180
10,9
9925
2,38
545
,242
5,62
61,
282
49,5
8513
8,20
827
,517
14,5
6815
1,15
713
,451
356
16,5
58z
4,27
510
0,04
419
8752
3,07
356
8,79
643
5,64
799
,901
49,6
9548
5,85
321
5,53
264
,072
14,3
0726
5,29
746
,423
6,80
21,
605
51,6
2014
1,06
228
,653
15,0
2615
4,68
914
,017
374
18,6
13z
4,48
382
,944
1988
530,
553
557,
585
442,
251
92,8
4059
,640
475,
450
217,
114
57,9
0819
,651
255,
371
45,2
625,
703
2,04
248
,923
143,
700
28,9
2115
,944
156,
676
14,4
4230
921
,733
z6,
167
82,1
3519
8952
5,91
655
4,01
644
5,21
395
,586
67,4
8647
3,31
321
3,54
063
,005
18,1
8725
8,35
841
,164
3,24
22,
755
41,6
5014
5,80
528
,952
17,2
0815
7,54
915
,716
178
21,3
16z
7,67
280
,703
1990
523,
213
544,
085
441,
094
86,1
9865
,326
461,
966
207,
204
53,9
4519
,731
241,
418
40,2
922,
733
3,09
339
,933
150,
436
29,3
9118
,297
161,
530
15,9
1410
519
,083
z8,
165
82,1
1919
9153
3,02
054
5,60
843
0,05
981
,104
68,5
1644
2,64
819
9,32
251
,250
17,7
4523
2,82
735
,885
2,34
42,
681
35,5
4815
2,82
727
,437
21,1
2615
9,13
815
,603
6217
,035
z9,
387
102,
961
1992
511,
534
531,
690
430,
830
86,5
4166
,384
450,
987
197,
700
55,3
6615
,410
237,
656
36,6
532,
832
3,00
136
,485
156,
204
28,0
8122
,695
161,
590
15,4
7219
714
,852
649,
949
80,7
0319
9349
1,51
752
7,75
242
2,31
196
,924
60,6
8945
8,54
519
5,21
163
,361
14,4
5624
4,11
636
,628
2,82
72,
837
36,6
1815
3,56
030
,160
20,4
9916
3,22
114
,643
425
13,0
2815
09,
240
69,2
0719
9449
1,73
453
4,08
342
9,40
810
2,96
560
,616
471,
757
200,
618
68,2
0313
,715
255,
105
37,3
782,
657
2,43
637
,599
157,
887
31,2
1521
,457
167,
645
11,3
5550
012
,155
390
10,0
1562
,326
1995
498,
482
545,
043
437,
601
111,
259
64,6
9848
4,16
219
4,16
872
,065
13,0
9425
3,13
936
,883
3,03
52,
515
37,4
0317
2,13
635
,261
25,6
3418
1,76
310
,959
364
12,7
7353
410
,682
60,8
8219
9648
8,96
653
6,15
343
4,48
411
1,43
964
,252
481,
671
197,
505
75,4
4312
,845
260,
103
36,2
752,
752
2,45
836
,570
167,
291
32,3
8325
,222
174,
452
9,68
452
111
,938
341
11,7
8954
,482
1997
491,
641
541,
625
443,
502
115,
042
65,0
5849
3,48
620
4,16
975
,744
13,2
0526
6,70
934
,357
3,23
42,
930
34,6
6017
2,77
635
,385
26,3
2218
1,83
99,
345
578
10,8
6210
111
,994
48,1
3919
9848
7,31
755
6,57
844
1,10
412
2,05
855
,901
510,
365
204,
493
79,0
2210
,036
273,
478
33,9
993,
700
1,55
336
,147
173,
306
38,3
1323
,642
191,
078
8,63
783
98,
958
186
11,7
1146
,213
1999
487,
278
560,
904
441,
262
125,
454
55,1
9951
4,89
921
3,31
781
,653
11,6
0228
3,36
834
,199
4,27
71,
563
36,9
1416
4,50
437
,940
21,2
3018
4,79
18,
438
1,33
39,
232
251
11,5
7246
,015
2000
488,
536
561,
956
442,
605
130,
994
58,1
6151
6,02
520
9,08
283
,340
12,3
2028
0,10
133
,604
4,35
71,
438
36,5
2316
6,52
340
,998
22,4
1718
8,79
28,
495
2,03
611
,950
263
10,0
3645
,930
2001
467,
989
550,
183
422,
116
133,
054
51,5
7850
4,28
119
9,68
085
,153
10,1
7627
4,65
730
,819
4,97
31,
093
34,6
9816
0,91
340
,714
21,4
3318
3,78
69,
049
2,07
811
,411
135
7,46
645
,902
2002
461,
661
550,
387
418,
619
137,
945
49,2
1950
7,34
520
4,35
289
,323
10,1
5628
3,51
930
,222
6,31
097
235
,560
158,
723
39,7
6821
,758
176,
732
8,98
92,
431
11,0
0011
45,
351
43,0
4220
0346
1,26
156
1,05
641
8,36
014
3,27
443
,478
518,
156
201,
321
90,4
179,
828
281,
910
29,7
856,
794
991
35,5
8916
3,79
343
,485
18,2
0418
9,07
49,
005
2,25
310
,075
325
4,38
142
,900
2004
446,
490
559,
207
402,
882
153,
637
40,9
2051
5,59
921
4,16
110
4,89
39,
847
309,
207
30,6
3010
,029
1,21
239
,447
133,
975
35,9
1114
,750
155,
136
9,00
52,
054
10,3
5774
94,
755
43,6
0820
0545
2,61
256
7,49
940
8,72
115
6,50
841
,621
523,
608
217,
487
106,
027
10,2
4231
3,27
230
,233
10,5
601,
058
39,7
3513
7,51
936
,027
15,8
4315
7,70
39,
005
3,18
99,
771
705
4,70
543
,891
2006
439,
849
542,
259
399,
979
144,
297
41,8
8750
2,38
821
2,52
496
,692
11,0
4429
8,17
327
,996
9,60
998
336
,622
138,
360
34,8
1415
,984
157,
191
7,22
12,
652
9,59
153
14,
286
39,8
7020
0743
0,51
150
5,24
638
8,39
812
0,14
945
,415
463,
133
195,
988
77,6
6110
,169
263,
480
25,4
337,
475
1,14
131
,767
143,
870
32,9
3818
,377
158,
431
7,37
91,
892
9,91
418
45,
813
42,1
1320
0838
4,40
042
5,15
734
0,04
489
,204
48,4
4638
0,80
115
2,77
653
,639
9,76
419
6,65
021
,103
5,20
41,
284
25,0
2314
2,46
829
,281
21,2
3915
0,51
07,
538
996
8,87
384
7,28
544
,356
2009
347,
755
369,
985
301,
156
66,7
0744
,477
323,
387
129,
592
38,1
558,
160
159,
586
17,4
544,
135
964
20,6
2613
1,75
623
,894
20,6
9613
4,95
57,
697
474
9,12
049
5,53
746
,598
2010
360,
504
377,
512
311,
663
70,4
6553
,457
328,
671
129,
393
40,2
5411
,009
158,
637
18,5
444,
554
1,56
621
,531
137,
707
24,9
3022
,717
139,
920
7,85
557
111
,513
156
6,65
148
,841
2011
379,
181
389,
128
328,
097
69,9
2859
,981
338,
044
141,
740
39,7
3712
,858
168,
619
18,4
284,
709
1,47
921
,657
139,
377
24,7
9025
,104
139,
062
8,01
452
513
,728
167
6,81
151
,084
2012
394,
408
408,
319
341,
110
72,6
0258
,691
355,
021
147,
784
41,9
0013
,153
176,
532
19,2
284,
985
1,62
322
,590
144,
081
24,7
5124
,455
144,
377
10,5
5779
912
,220
167
7,24
053
,298
2013
410,
798
425,
480
355,
285
80,3
7065
,688
369,
967
158,
780
48,2
2014
,702
192,
298
19,9
185,
793
1,54
524
,166
143,
496
25,5
2829
,450
139,
575
13,0
9974
313
,124
856,
867
55,5
1320
1442
4,53
444
7,63
736
6,80
788
,332
65,2
2938
9,91
016
9,76
354
,229
15,4
2320
8,56
919
,626
5,92
11,
302
24,2
4514
2,03
527
,435
28,7
6414
0,70
615
,642
628
12,5
8311
87,
158
57,7
2720
1543
1,57
446
1,09
637
1,63
292
,222
62,6
9940
1,15
517
1,73
459
,392
13,9
3721
7,18
919
,474
6,92
11,
109
25,2
8714
3,16
224
,978
28,5
7713
9,56
318
,185
819
10,2
7411
18,
803
59,9
4120
1643
9,59
147
9,19
237
7,43
510
2,36
262
,762
417,
036
173,
938
68,7
0014
,913
227,
724
19,9
197,
436
1,20
926
,146
144,
396
25,3
6928
,184
141,
581
20,7
2868
411
,041
173
7,41
362
,156
2017
450,
711
484,
912
386,
341
99,7
4265
,540
420,
542
179,
468
65,9
1916
,426
228,
961
20,6
538,
072
1,33
927
,386
143,
869
24,7
8328
,696
139,
957
23,2
7190
111
,137
677,
943
64,3
70a U.
S. D
epar
tmen
t of A
gric
ultu
re, F
ores
t Ser
vice
(22)
; U.S
. Int
erna
tiona
l Tra
de C
omm
issi
on (8
6); d
ata
may
not
add
to to
tals
bec
ause
of r
ound
ing;
dat
a ha
ve b
een
revi
sed.
b Incl
udes
pul
pwoo
d an
d th
e pu
lpwo
od e
quiv
alen
t of w
ood
pulp
and
pap
er a
nd b
oard
.c In
clud
es c
oope
rage
logs
, pol
es a
nd p
iling,
fenc
e po
sts,
hew
n tie
s, ro
und
min
e tim
bers
, box
bol
ts, e
xcel
sior
bol
ts, c
hem
ical
woo
d, s
hing
le b
olts
, and
mis
cella
neou
s ite
ms.
d Prio
r to
1989
, pul
pwoo
d ch
ips
are
not i
nclu
ded
in to
tal p
rodu
ctio
n.e Pr
ior t
o 20
00, P
ulpw
ood
Logs
are
not
incl
uded
in L
ogs.
z Not A
vaila
ble.
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
29
Tabl
e 5c
—Pr
oduc
tion,
impo
rts,
exp
orts
, and
con
sum
ptio
n of
tim
ber
prod
ucts
, by
maj
or p
rodu
ct, 1
965–
2017
(met
ric
tons
car
bon,
rou
ndw
ood
equi
vale
nt)a
Indu
stria
l rou
ndwo
od u
seO
ther
Fuel
-in
dust
rial
wood
All p
rodu
cts
Tota
lLu
mbe
rPl
ywoo
d an
d ve
neer
Pulp
wood
-bas
ed p
rodu
cts
prod
ucts
,Lo
gse
Pulp
wood
chi
pdpr
oduc
-
prod
uctio
ntio
n an
dPr
oduc
- Co
nsum
p-
Prod
uc-
Im-
Ex-
Cons
ump-
Pr
oduc
-Im
-Ex
-Co
nsum
p-
Prod
uc-
Im-
Ex-
Cons
ump-
Pr
oduc
-Im
-Ex
-Co
nsum
p-an
d co
n-Im
- Ex
-Im
-Ex
-co
n-Ye
artio
ntio
ntio
npo
rtspo
rtstio
ntio
npo
rtspo
rtstio
ntio
npo
rtspo
rtstio
ntio
npo
rtsb
ports
btio
nsu
mpt
ionc
ports
ports
ports
ports
sum
ptio
n19
6569
5,22
675
4,41
763
6,02
191
,155
31,3
7669
5,63
035
2,97
846
,946
8,58
039
1,34
460
,609
3,88
114
964
,388
179,
893
39,7
1012
,037
207,
567
31,7
1561
710
,826
zz
58,7
8619
6671
2,32
377
0,86
465
2,44
295
,083
35,5
7071
1,96
535
2,39
446
,803
9,56
738
9,63
163
,344
4,63
623
467
,756
192,
102
42,7
7713
,166
221,
713
31,9
9886
612
,603
zz
58,8
9919
6770
4,82
675
0,79
564
1,79
691
,672
43,0
8769
0,42
334
1,88
346
,202
10,5
2437
7,56
162
,307
4,59
939
266
,557
190,
574
40,1
7314
,306
216,
441
29,1
6769
817
,865
zz
60,3
7219
6873
6,95
978
3,86
066
9,07
410
2,87
450
,248
721,
676
346,
128
55,2
0910
,795
390,
543
70,0
886,
996
323
76,7
3620
0,42
739
,953
15,8
6522
4,51
429
,167
716
23,2
65z
z62
,184
1969
748,
043
798,
498
677,
487
110,
129
51,4
3673
6,20
133
7,83
656
,673
10,6
9238
3,81
765
,292
7,83
290
772
,238
218,
669
44,8
8218
,127
245,
424
33,9
8074
221
,710
zz
62,2
9719
7081
4,30
285
8,26
973
4,14
611
4,32
061
,871
786,
627
368,
760
61,6
5812
,971
417,
448
67,7
687,
556
699
74,6
5623
5,86
243
,798
23,3
7225
6,28
936
,925
1,30
824
,830
zz
71,6
4219
7177
3,42
183
5,13
269
6,62
411
9,18
850
,640
765,
302
350,
114
68,0
0210
,320
407,
796
78,0
209,
385
476
86,9
5821
3,66
241
,040
19,0
1223
5,69
034
,094
761
20,7
34z
z69
,830
1972
792,
553
858,
664
711,
739
135,
561
60,5
8078
6,73
835
8,98
184
,472
13,4
1743
0,03
585
,610
11,6
611,
038
96,2
5120
9,41
039
,071
17,9
5423
0,52
829
,280
356
28,4
58z
z71
,925
1973
804,
963
861,
312
724,
632
136,
811
68,2
0879
3,23
836
7,54
285
,875
18,2
5743
5,16
084
,743
9,35
51,
899
92,2
0321
3,82
041
,277
17,2
7023
7,82
628
,034
303
30,4
94z
z68
,074
1974
787,
699
830,
358
699,
557
122,
850
66,5
6475
5,82
834
6,28
069
,534
17,4
6139
8,35
372
,885
6,07
82,
561
76,3
8623
2,21
646
,544
22,2
7625
6,48
424
,239
694
23,9
38z
z74
,530
1975
723,
420
749,
456
640,
931
98,9
5961
,726
678,
154
333,
217
58,6
9016
,316
375,
590
72,3
277,
101
3,62
375
,795
189,
424
32,3
9417
,806
204,
012
21,8
0477
524
,160
zz
71,3
0219
7676
9,06
680
7,74
468
5,39
612
0,13
067
,582
737,
972
341,
277
73,5
3517
,176
397,
636
83,0
318,
738
3,36
188
,434
210,
408
37,1
1818
,052
229,
476
21,2
3873
929
,442
zz
69,7
7319
7780
5,22
587
1,14
870
9,59
214
2,32
461
,686
790,
268
365,
907
95,8
2915
,781
445,
955
87,8
668,
388
1,49
594
,797
206,
206
36,7
0817
,220
225,
694
21,8
041,
400
27,8
09z
z80
,880
1978
850,
208
931,
502
732,
290
161,
014
66,9
9082
6,32
237
3,00
910
9,04
316
,697
465,
355
89,8
519,
457
1,38
897
,929
216,
175
41,6
3617
,486
240,
326
22,3
7087
830
,884
zz
105,
180
1979
890,
877
953,
046
748,
762
156,
181
78,1
8682
6,77
236
9,04
210
2,37
520
,184
451,
233
87,2
607,
746
1,80
793
,215
234,
220
44,8
5520
,344
258,
730
22,9
371,
205
35,3
03z
z12
6,27
419
8084
9,38
688
5,80
668
3,79
813
5,35
983
,180
735,
986
318,
426
86,3
2423
,006
381,
745
71,6
304,
570
1,69
474
,515
240,
698
43,3
0928
,872
255,
134
23,5
031,
155
29,5
41z
z14
9,82
019
8182
0,91
986
7,26
064
8,88
813
2,82
074
,006
707,
716
292,
116
84,7
7322
,516
354,
373
72,1
895,
587
2,98
474
,805
237,
556
41,5
4425
,580
253,
520
24,0
6991
622
,958
zz
159,
545
1982
851,
633
898,
648
641,
075
131,
237
74,1
2069
8,16
029
0,68
283
,726
19,0
4835
5,36
169
,108
6,92
91,
977
74,0
2722
7,58
639
,521
24,2
6824
2,83
824
,636
1,06
129
,063
zz
200,
487
1983
930,
672
1,00
3,35
072
9,41
716
2,67
781
,122
810,
948
346,
628
107,
691
21,2
2443
3,09
684
,015
10,1
342,
466
91,6
5724
1,84
543
,357
25,1
5426
0,05
025
,202
1,49
531
,726
z`
192,
403
1984
970,
602
1,06
4,10
475
7,07
717
8,06
976
,418
858,
766
367,
596
117,
773
20,0
4646
5,32
484
,575
9,11
91,
594
92,1
3924
7,47
749
,846
23,3
5427
3,97
025
,768
1,33
131
,661
zz
205,
338
1985
962,
694
1,06
9,37
675
8,89
519
2,75
477
,910
873,
738
362,
673
128,
849
16,8
1947
4,70
484
,079
11,0
001,
402
93,6
7725
0,99
252
,006
23,7
5627
9,24
226
,335
899
34,8
15z
z19
5,63
719
861,
037,
963
1,13
3,64
082
9,32
519
1,35
787
,130
933,
552
402,
407
124,
360
21,9
9850
4,77
090
,484
11,2
512,
565
99,1
7027
6,41
655
,034
29,1
3630
2,31
426
,901
712
33,1
17z
z20
0,08
819
871,
046,
146
1,13
7,59
287
1,29
319
9,80
299
,390
971,
706
431,
064
128,
144
28,6
1553
0,59
392
,846
13,6
053,
210
103,
240
282,
124
57,3
0730
,052
309,
378
28,0
3474
737
,225
zz
165,
887
1988
1,06
1,10
71,
115,
170
884,
502
185,
679
119,
280
950,
900
434,
228
115,
816
39,3
0151
0,74
390
,524
11,4
054,
083
97,8
4628
7,40
057
,841
31,8
8831
3,35
228
,883
617
43,4
66z
z16
4,27
019
891,
051,
832
1,10
8,03
289
0,42
519
1,17
113
4,97
294
6,62
642
7,07
912
6,01
036
,374
516,
716
82,3
276,
484
5,51
183
,301
291,
610
57,9
0534
,416
315,
098
31,4
3235
642
,632
z15
,344
161,
407
1990
1,04
6,42
71,
088,
170
882,
188
172,
396
130,
652
923,
932
414,
407
107,
891
39,4
6248
2,83
580
,585
5,46
66,
185
79,8
6530
0,87
258
,783
36,5
9432
3,06
031
,828
209
38,1
67z
16,3
3016
4,23
919
911,
066,
039
1,09
1,21
686
0,11
816
2,20
813
7,03
288
5,29
639
8,64
410
2,50
135
,490
465,
654
71,7
704,
688
5,36
171
,097
305,
654
54,8
7442
,252
318,
276
31,2
0512
334
,071
z18
,774
205,
921
1992
1,02
3,06
71,
063,
380
861,
660
173,
081
132,
768
901,
974
395,
400
110,
732
30,8
1947
5,31
373
,307
5,66
56,
002
72,9
7031
2,40
756
,162
45,3
9032
3,18
030
,945
393
29,7
0312
919
,898
161,
407
1993
983,
035
1,05
5,50
484
4,62
119
3,84
712
1,37
891
7,09
039
0,42
312
6,72
228
,912
488,
232
73,2
565,
655
5,67
573
,236
307,
120
60,3
2140
,998
326,
442
29,2
8785
026
,057
300
18,4
7913
8,41
319
9498
3,46
81,
068,
166
858,
816
205,
930
121,
232
943,
514
401,
235
136,
405
27,4
2951
0,21
174
,756
5,31
44,
872
75,1
9831
5,77
462
,430
42,9
1433
5,29
022
,710
1,00
024
,311
781
20,0
3112
4,65
119
9599
6,96
41,
090,
086
875,
201
222,
518
129,
396
968,
324
388,
336
144,
130
26,1
8850
6,27
873
,766
6,07
15,
030
74,8
0634
4,27
270
,522
51,2
6836
3,52
621
,917
728
25,5
461,
067
21,3
6312
1,76
319
9697
7,93
21,
072,
306
868,
968
222,
879
128,
504
963,
342
395,
010
150,
885
25,6
9052
0,20
572
,550
5,50
54,
916
73,1
3933
4,58
364
,765
50,4
4434
8,90
419
,369
1,04
223
,877
682
23,5
7810
8,96
419
9798
3,28
21,
083,
250
887,
004
230,
084
130,
116
986,
972
408,
338
151,
489
26,4
0953
3,41
868
,713
6,46
75,
861
69,3
1934
5,55
270
,770
52,6
4436
3,67
818
,689
1,15
621
,724
202
23,9
8896
,278
1998
974,
635
1,11
3,15
688
2,20
824
4,11
611
1,80
21,
020,
730
408,
986
158,
044
20,0
7354
6,95
767
,999
7,40
03,
105
72,2
9434
6,61
276
,626
47,2
8438
2,15
617
,273
1,67
817
,917
372
23,4
2292
,427
1999
974,
555
1,12
1,80
888
2,52
525
0,90
811
0,39
81,
029,
798
426,
634
163,
306
23,2
0356
6,73
768
,399
8,55
43,
125
73,8
2832
9,00
775
,880
42,4
6036
9,58
216
,877
2,66
618
,464
502
23,1
4492
,030
2000
977,
072
1,12
3,91
288
5,21
026
1,98
711
6,32
21,
032,
050
418,
163
166,
679
24,6
4056
0,20
367
,208
8,71
42,
877
73,0
4633
3,04
781
,995
44,8
3437
7,58
416
,990
4,07
323
,901
525
20,0
7291
,860
2001
935,
978
1,10
0,36
684
4,23
226
6,10
810
3,15
61,
008,
562
399,
359
170,
307
20,3
5354
9,31
361
,637
9,94
52,
186
69,3
9732
1,82
581
,429
42,8
6636
7,57
218
,097
4,15
722
,821
270
14,9
3291
,804
2002
r92
3,32
21,
100,
775
837,
238
275,
890
98,4
371,
014,
691
408,
705
178,
645
20,3
1156
7,03
960
,445
12,6
191,
945
71,1
1931
7,44
579
,536
43,5
1735
3,46
517
,978
4,86
222
,000
227
10,7
0286
,084
2003
922,
521
1,12
2,11
283
6,72
128
6,54
886
,957
1,03
6,31
140
2,64
218
0,83
419
,656
563,
821
59,5
7113
,588
1,98
171
,177
327,
586
86,9
7036
,408
378,
148
18,0
104,
506
20,1
5164
98,
761
85,8
0120
0489
2,98
11,
118,
413
805,
764
307,
273
81,8
401,
031,
197
428,
321
209,
787
19,6
9361
8,41
561
,260
20,0
582,
423
78,8
9426
7,95
071
,822
29,5
0031
0,27
218
,010
4,10
920
,713
1,49
89,
511
87,2
1620
0590
5,22
51,
134,
999
817,
442
313,
016
83,2
421,
047,
216
434,
974
212,
054
20,4
8462
6,54
460
,467
21,1
202,
117
79,4
7027
5,03
872
,054
31,6
8731
5,40
518
,010
6,37
719
,543
1,41
19,
411
87,7
8320
0687
9,69
91,
084,
518
799,
958
288,
594
83,7
751,
004,
777
425,
048
193,
385
22,0
8859
6,34
655
,993
19,2
171,
966
73,2
4427
6,72
169
,627
31,9
6731
4,38
114
,442
5,30
319
,183
1,06
18,
572
79,7
4120
0786
1,02
21,
010,
492
776,
796
240,
299
90,8
2992
6,26
639
1,97
615
5,32
120
,338
526,
959
50,8
6614
,949
2,28
263
,533
287,
740
65,8
7636
,754
316,
863
14,7
593,
784
19,8
2836
811
,627
84,2
2620
0876
8,79
985
0,31
468
0,08
817
8,40
796
,892
761,
603
305,
552
107,
278
19,5
2939
3,30
142
,206
10,4
082,
568
50,0
4628
4,93
758
,562
42,4
7830
1,02
015
,076
1,99
117
,746
168
14,5
7088
,711
2009
695,
510
739,
970
602,
313
133,
413
88,9
5364
6,77
325
9,18
376
,309
16,3
2031
9,17
334
,909
8,27
01,
927
41,2
5226
3,51
347
,789
41,3
9126
9,91
015
,393
948
18,2
4097
11,0
7493
,197
2010
721,
008
755,
025
623,
326
140,
930
106,
913
657,
342
258,
786
80,5
0722
,019
317,
275
37,0
879,
107
3,13
343
,062
275,
413
49,8
6145
,433
279,
841
15,7
101,
142
23,0
2731
313
,302
97,6
8220
1175
8,36
177
8,25
665
6,19
413
9,85
711
9,96
267
6,08
828
3,47
979
,475
25,7
1733
7,23
736
,856
9,41
82,
959
43,3
1527
8,75
349
,579
50,2
0927
8,12
416
,027
1,05
027
,455
335
13,6
2310
2,16
820
1278
8,81
681
6,63
868
2,21
914
5,20
511
7,38
271
0,04
229
5,56
783
,801
26,3
0535
3,06
338
,456
9,97
13,
246
45,1
8028
8,16
149
,501
48,9
0928
8,75
321
,113
1,59
724
,441
335
14,4
8110
6,59
720
1382
1,59
585
0,95
971
0,57
016
0,73
913
1,37
573
9,93
431
7,56
196
,440
29,4
0438
4,59
739
,836
11,5
863,
090
48,3
3128
6,99
351
,057
58,8
9927
9,15
026
,199
1,48
726
,248
170
13,7
3411
1,02
520
1484
9,06
789
5,27
373
3,61
317
6,66
313
0,45
877
9,81
933
9,52
510
8,45
930
,845
417,
139
39,2
5211
,842
2,60
348
,490
284,
070
54,8
7057
,527
281,
412
31,2
851,
256
25,1
6723
614
,315
115,
454
2015
863,
147
922,
193
743,
265
184,
444
125,
399
802,
310
343,
469
118,
785
27,8
7443
4,37
938
,948
13,8
432,
217
50,5
7428
6,32
449
,955
57,1
5427
9,12
536
,370
1,63
920
,548
223
17,6
0511
9,88
320
1687
9,18
295
8,38
375
4,87
020
4,72
512
5,52
383
4,07
234
7,87
513
7,39
929
,827
455,
448
39,8
3814
,872
2,41
952
,292
288,
791
50,7
3956
,369
283,
161
41,4
561,
368
22,0
8334
614
,827
124,
312
2017
901,
422
969,
824
772,
682
199,
483
131,
081
841,
084
358,
937
131,
837
32,8
5345
7,92
141
,305
16,1
442,
677
54,7
7228
7,73
849
,567
57,3
9127
9,91
446
,542
1,80
222
,274
134
15,8
8512
8,74
0a U.
S. D
epar
tmen
t of A
gric
ultu
re, F
ores
t Ser
vice
(22)
; U.S
. Int
erna
tiona
l Tra
de C
omm
issi
on (8
6); d
ata
may
not
add
to to
tals
bec
ause
of r
ound
ing;
dat
a ha
ve b
een
revi
sed.
b Incl
udes
pul
pwoo
d an
d th
e pu
lpwo
od e
quiv
alen
t of w
ood
pulp
and
pap
er a
nd b
oard
.c In
clud
es c
oope
rage
logs
, pol
es a
nd p
iling,
fenc
e po
sts,
hew
n tie
s, ro
und
min
e tim
bers
, box
bol
ts, e
xcel
sior
bol
ts, c
hem
ical
woo
d, s
hing
le b
olts
, and
mis
cella
neou
s ite
ms.
d Prio
r to
1989
, pul
pwoo
d ch
ips
are
not i
nclu
ded
in to
tal p
rodu
ctio
n.e Pr
ior t
o 20
00, P
ulpw
ood
Logs
are
not
incl
uded
in L
ogs.
z Not A
vaila
ble.
r Revi
sed
Research Paper FPL–RP–701
30
Tabl
e 6a
—Pr
oduc
tion,
impo
rts,
exp
orts
, and
con
sum
ptio
n of
sof
twoo
d tim
ber
prod
ucts
, by
maj
or p
rodu
ct, 1
965–
2017
(mill
ion
cubi
c fe
et, r
ound
woo
d eq
uiva
lent
)a
Indu
stria
l rou
ndwo
od u
seO
ther
Fuel
-in
dust
rial
wood
All p
rodu
cts
Tota
lLu
mbe
rPl
ywoo
d an
d ve
neer
Pulp
wood
-bas
ed p
rodu
cts
prod
ucts
,Lo
gse
Pulp
wood
chi
pdpr
oduc
-
prod
uctio
ntio
n an
dPr
oduc
- Co
nsum
p-
Prod
uc-
Im-
Ex-
Cons
ump-
Pr
oduc
-Im
-Ex
-Co
nsum
p-
Prod
uc-
Im-
Ex-
Cons
ump-
Pr
oduc
-Im
-Ex
-Co
nsum
p-an
d co
n-Im
- Ex
-Im
-Ex
-co
n-Ye
artio
ntio
ntio
npo
rtspo
rtstio
ntio
npo
rtspo
rtstio
ntio
npo
rtspo
rtstio
ntio
npo
rtsb
ports
btio
nsu
mpt
ionc
ports
ports
ports
ports
sum
ptio
n19
658,
506
9,34
08,
319
1,29
746
29,
154
4,58
377
112
75,
226
945
142
957
2,31
351
015
52,
668
300
217
8z
z18
719
668,
663
9,46
18,
476
1,32
252
49,
274
4,51
475
314
25,
125
990
174
1,00
32,
451
546
168
2,82
931
07
210
zz
187
1967
8,62
49,
272
8,43
21,
296
648
9,08
04,
408
756
157
5,00
798
116
699
12,
458
518
184
2,79
128
55
300
zz
192
1968
9,17
09,
856
8,97
21,
464
777
9,65
84,
583
915
171
5,32
71,
111
255
1,13
12,
602
518
206
2,91
428
15
396
zz
198
1969
9,18
19,
930
8,98
31,
535
787
9,73
24,
437
923
168
5,19
11,
035
2915
1,04
92,
812
577
233
3,15
533
07
371
zz
198
1970
9,97
910
,678
9,75
21,
652
953
10,4
504,
838
1,02
120
35,
656
1,08
227
91,
099
3,05
258
731
33,
326
353
1742
7z
z22
819
719,
621
10,5
689,
405
1,71
076
410
,352
4,70
21,
138
154
5,68
61,
253
337
1,27
82,
760
530
245
3,04
533
49
357
zz
216
1972
9,85
510
,876
9,63
21,
945
924
10,6
544,
849
1,41
319
66,
067
1,37
942
171,
404
2,62
348
922
52,
887
294
248
7z
z22
219
739,
942
10,8
539,
731
1,95
71,
046
10,6
424,
947
1,42
128
56,
082
1,37
434
311,
377
2,60
350
121
02,
894
287
152
0z
z21
119
749,
532
10,2
879,
301
1,74
498
810
,056
4,63
01,
149
274
5,50
61,
190
2241
1,17
12,
823
565
270
3,11
825
57
404
zz
230
1975
9,06
49,
551
8,84
41,
438
951
9,33
14,
602
992
251
5,34
31,
198
2559
1,16
42,
393
409
225
2,57
723
511
416
zz
220
1976
9,59
610
,305
9,38
11,
754
1,04
610
,089
4,62
41,
248
261
5,61
11,
382
3254
1,36
02,
630
463
225
2,86
824
011
505
zz
216
1977
9,89
911
,090
9,70
92,
141
950
10,9
004,
966
1,63
223
76,
361
1,46
031
221,
469
2,56
645
621
42,
808
240
2247
7z
z19
019
7810
,185
11,6
139,
900
2,41
799
011
,328
5,00
91,
862
227
6,64
41,
495
3722
1,50
92,
629
505
212
2,92
224
013
528
zz
285
1979
10,5
0611
,675
10,0
962,
348
1,17
911
,265
4,87
71,
742
293
6,32
51,
452
2930
1,45
12,
920
558
253
3,22
524
519
603
zz
410
1980
9,55
610
,402
8,98
12,
057
1,21
19,
827
4,01
11,
473
321
5,16
31,
187
1827
1,17
83,
041
547
365
3,22
324
518
497
zz
575
1981
9,19
110
,127
8,60
11,
996
1,06
09,
537
3,83
91,
446
314
4,97
11,
200
2149
1,17
22,
937
514
317
3,13
424
514
380
zz
590
1982
9,00
09,
860
8,38
01,
958
1,09
89,
240
3,72
61,
442
269
4,89
81,
125
2532
1,11
82,
782
476
298
2,96
024
816
498
zz
620
1983
10,1
1011
,356
9,51
52,
405
1,15
910
,761
4,57
71,
856
285
6,14
81,
379
3941
1,37
72,
767
488
291
2,96
424
923
542
zz
595
1984
10,3
5111
,886
9,71
62,
633
1,09
811
,251
4,71
52,
022
262
6,47
61,
390
3626
1,40
12,
821
555
271
3,10
525
019
539
zz
635
1985
10,3
3412
,046
9,72
92,
830
1,11
811
,441
4,71
32,
212
232
6,69
21,
392
4622
1,41
52,
772
561
267
3,06
625
611
597
zz
605
1986
11,2
0912
,765
10,5
912,
782
1,22
712
,146
5,25
92,
135
301
7,09
31,
501
4742
1,50
73,
011
591
321
3,28
125
78
562
zz
619
1987
11,7
4813
,221
11,2
352,
879
1,40
612
,708
5,62
92,
174
379
7,42
41,
537
6253
1,54
63,
158
632
341
3,44
927
711
633
zz
513
1988
11,7
9612
,829
11,2
882,
683
1,65
012
,321
5,60
31,
992
491
7,10
41,
497
5166
1,48
23,
182
631
358
3,45
627
09
735
zz
508
1989
11,7
1112
,692
11,1
692,
828
1,84
712
,150
5,42
32,
164
498
7,08
91,
357
3090
1,29
63,
223
628
386
3,46
529
43
719
315
454
219
9011
,520
12,1
7110
,968
2,53
71,
886
11,6
205,
154
1,86
555
56,
464
1,32
826
101
1,25
33,
376
644
417
3,60
329
82
639
017
455
119
9111
,386
12,0
3810
,694
2,40
51,
753
11,3
475,
078
1,77
347
36,
378
1,17
823
831,
118
3,43
360
848
33,
558
292
155
60
157
691
1992
11,0
3911
,988
10,4
982,
545
1,59
611
,446
4,97
91,
910
382
6,50
71,
209
2991
1,14
73,
436
599
509
3,52
626
06
489
112
554
219
9310
,457
11,8
759,
992
2,84
01,
422
11,4
114,
752
2,18
334
36,
592
1,20
529
881,
146
3,26
161
144
33,
430
225
1442
24
127
465
1994
10,6
2712
,276
10,2
093,
018
1,36
911
,858
4,91
62,
344
309
6,95
11,
219
2775
1,17
23,
336
622
460
3,49
821
315
387
913
841
819
9510
,518
12,3
0710
,166
3,22
41,
435
11,9
554,
645
2,48
327
86,
850
1,19
531
771,
149
3,58
068
653
93,
727
205
940
814
132
352
1996
10,4
7312
,359
10,1
583,
262
1,37
612
,044
4,79
12,
599
264
7,12
61,
176
3075
1,13
03,
507
613
534
3,58
718
113
381
712
231
519
9710
,619
12,5
5410
,340
3,30
71,
371
12,2
764,
994
2,59
625
37,
337
1,10
535
921,
048
3,58
966
154
83,
701
175
1333
21
146
278
1998
10,6
2912
,976
10,3
193,
468
1,12
012
,666
4,99
52,
695
170
7,52
01,
089
4346
1,08
53,
661
702
493
3,87
116
224
263
514
931
019
9910
,637
13,0
8610
,328
3,54
11,
093
12,7
775,
272
2,76
620
47,
834
1,09
253
461,
099
3,39
468
043
03,
644
158
4126
61
146
309
2000
10,6
3613
,139
10,3
273,
673
1,17
012
,830
5,18
02,
805
209
7,77
61,
063
5843
1,07
83,
465
746
459
3,75
315
962
330
112
930
820
0110
,261
12,9
829,
953
3,76
31,
042
12,6
744,
981
2,89
514
77,
729
939
7331
982
3,33
273
143
73,
626
272
6430
71
121
308
2002
10,3
1013
,194
10,0
213,
895
1,01
112
,905
5,16
13,
026
146
8,04
094
795
271,
016
3,25
269
944
73,
504
269
7527
91
112
289
2003
10,5
2113
,630
10,2
334,
043
934
13,3
425,
273
3,05
514
58,
183
933
117
261,
024
3,48
580
139
03,
896
169
6926
21
111
288
2004
10,5
4914
,138
10,2
574,
474
885
13,8
455,
628
3,53
112
59,
033
957
176
311,
102
3,12
770
135
33,
476
169
6225
63
120
293
2005
10,7
0114
,318
10,4
064,
541
924
14,0
245,
728
3,55
713
69,
149
943
197
261,
113
3,18
168
737
63,
492
169
9725
73
128
295
2006
10,4
5313
,761
10,1
854,
225
917
13,4
935,
578
3,28
214
18,
718
876
165
261,
015
3,23
069
138
33,
537
135
8526
12
106
268
2007
10,1
1212
,588
9,83
03,
522
1,04
712
,305
5,06
42,
652
150
7,56
679
311
433
874
3,41
769
344
73,
664
138
6226
81
149
283
2008
9,16
510
,607
8,86
82,
607
1,16
510
,309
4,20
41,
831
180
5,85
565
280
3769
53,
444
665
522
3,58
814
130
244
018
229
820
098,
041
8,84
37,
728
1,92
11,
118
8,53
03,
350
1,28
114
94,
483
536
6428
572
3,28
356
252
73,
317
144
1426
30
152
313
2010
8,56
39,
240
8,23
52,
029
1,35
28,
912
3,57
51,
369
201
4,74
357
461
4658
83,
408
583
574
3,41
714
716
332
119
932
820
119,
015
9,46
38,
672
2,00
41,
557
9,12
03,
856
1,34
324
74,
952
568
6443
588
3,47
058
263
73,
414
150
1541
91
210
343
2012
9,43
710
,039
9,07
92,
103
1,50
09,
681
4,07
21,
426
235
5,26
359
164
4960
73,
633
590
631
3,59
219
822
365
122
135
820
139,
771
10,4
469,
399
2,35
71,
682
10,0
734,
320
1,64
126
45,
697
611
7846
643
3,61
061
976
03,
468
245
1940
80
204
373
2014
10,0
1710
,973
9,63
02,
578
1,62
310
,585
4,53
71,
838
257
6,11
960
082
4064
23,
634
642
760
3,51
529
316
374
119
238
820
1510
,118
11,3
349,
715
2,75
41,
538
10,9
314,
614
2,01
323
26,
396
591
103
3366
23,
654
616
757
3,51
334
020
294
122
140
220
1610
,343
11,9
129,
925
3,12
91,
560
11,4
954,
687
2,35
523
86,
805
601
126
3669
13,
719
631
756
3,59
438
816
316
121
441
720
1710
,613
12,0
5610
,181
3,05
01,
607
11,6
244,
882
2,26
625
26,
896
624
155
3974
13,
692
614
769
3,53
743
614
317
023
043
2a U.
S. D
epar
tmen
t of A
gric
ultu
re, F
ores
t Ser
vice
(22)
; U.S
. Int
erna
tiona
l Tra
de C
omm
issi
on (8
6); d
ata
may
not
add
to to
tals
bec
ause
of r
ound
ing;
dat
a ha
ve b
een
revi
sed.
b Incl
udes
pul
pwoo
d an
d th
e pu
lpwo
od e
quiv
alen
t of w
ood
pulp
and
pap
er a
nd b
oard
.c In
clud
es c
oope
rage
logs
, pol
es a
nd p
iling,
fenc
e po
sts,
hew
n tie
s, ro
und
min
e tim
bers
, box
bol
ts, e
xcel
sior
bol
ts, c
hem
ical
woo
d, s
hing
le b
olts
, and
mis
cella
neou
s ite
ms.
d Prio
r to
1989
, pul
pwoo
d ch
ips
are
not i
nclu
ded
in to
tal p
rodu
ctio
n.e Pr
ior t
o 20
00, P
ulpw
ood
Logs
are
not
incl
uded
in L
ogs.
z Not A
vaila
ble.
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
31
Tabl
e 6b
—Pr
oduc
tion,
impo
rts,
exp
orts
, and
con
sum
ptio
n of
sof
twoo
d tim
ber
prod
ucts
, by
maj
or p
rodu
ct, 1
965–
2017
(tho
usan
d cu
bic
met
ers,
rou
ndw
ood
equi
vale
nt)a In
dust
rial r
ound
wood
use
Oth
erFu
el-
indu
stria
lwo
odAl
l pro
duct
sTo
tal
Lum
ber
Plyw
ood
and
vene
erPu
lpwo
od-b
ased
pro
duct
spr
oduc
ts,
Logs
ePu
lpwo
od c
hipd
prod
uc-
pr
oduc
tion
tion
and
Prod
uc-
Cons
ump-
Pr
oduc
- Im
-Ex
-Co
nsum
p-
Prod
uc-
Im-
Ex-
Cons
ump-
Pr
oduc
-Im
-Ex
-Co
nsum
p-
Prod
uc-
Im-
Ex-
Cons
ump-
and
con-
Im-
Ex -
Im-
Ex -
con-
Year
tion
tion
tion
ports
ports
tion
tion
ports
ports
tion
tion
ports
ports
tion
tion
ports
bpo
rtsb
tion
sum
ptio
ncpo
rtspo
rtspo
rtspo
rtssu
mpt
ion
1965
240,
852
264,
494
235,
561
36,7
2913
,087
259,
204
129,
769
21,8
243,
598
147,
994
26,7
6539
665
27,0
9765
,488
14,4
484,
380
75,5
578,
495
615,
044
zz
5,29
119
6624
5,31
026
7,90
824
0,00
937
,435
14,8
3826
2,60
712
7,81
521
,326
4,02
014
5,12
028
,048
469
103
28,4
1369
,409
15,4
484,
755
80,1
038,
778
193
5,95
9z
z5,
301
1967
244,
210
262,
556
238,
777
36,6
9418
,348
257,
123
124,
829
21,4
104,
452
141,
788
27,7
8446
518
128
,068
69,6
0114
,665
5,22
379
,043
8,07
015
48,
493
zz
5,43
319
6825
9,65
627
9,09
425
4,05
941
,446
22,0
0827
3,49
712
9,77
225
,902
4,83
715
0,83
731
,448
716
139
32,0
2573
,669
14,6
775,
830
82,5
167,
968
150
11,2
02z
z5,
597
1969
259,
988
281,
178
254,
381
43,4
6222
,272
275,
571
125,
632
26,1
334,
762
147,
003
29,3
0480
842
229
,691
79,6
1816
,331
6,59
789
,353
9,33
518
910
,492
zz
5,60
719
7028
2,58
730
2,37
427
6,13
946
,778
26,9
9129
5,92
713
6,98
528
,922
5,76
116
0,14
730
,627
759
259
31,1
2786
,432
16,6
158,
867
94,1
799,
992
482
12,1
03z
z6,
448
1971
272,
441
299,
245
266,
327
48,4
3621
,632
293,
130
133,
148
32,2
374,
369
161,
016
35,4
7094
321
236
,201
78,1
6115
,003
6,95
186
,213
9,44
825
210
,100
zz
6,11
519
7227
9,05
830
7,97
427
2,76
055
,090
26,1
7430
1,67
613
7,31
840
,022
5,53
917
1,80
239
,039
1,17
647
139
,743
74,2
8513
,841
6,36
081
,765
8,31
451
13,8
04z
z6,
298
1973
281,
514
307,
313
275,
553
55,4
2029
,621
301,
352
140,
075
40,2
318,
077
172,
229
38,9
1795
087
338
,994
73,6
9714
,200
5,94
081
,957
8,13
339
14,7
31z
z5,
961
1974
269,
909
291,
289
263,
383
49,3
7127
,991
284,
762
131,
105
32,5
487,
749
155,
904
33,6
9661
41,
158
33,1
5379
,940
16,0
017,
653
88,2
887,
210
207
11,4
31z
z6,
527
1975
256,
670
270,
457
250,
426
40,7
1426
,926
264,
213
130,
302
28,1
027,
109
151,
294
33,9
2672
21,
678
32,9
7067
,764
11,5
806,
360
72,9
846,
654
310
11,7
79z
z6,
244
1976
271,
742
291,
801
265,
632
49,6
6429
,606
285,
691
130,
945
35,3
457,
402
158,
889
39,1
3789
41,
533
38,4
9774
,461
13,1
206,
377
81,2
046,
796
305
14,2
94z
z6,
110
1977
280,
305
314,
032
274,
925
60,6
3026
,904
308,
652
140,
612
46,2
196,
717
180,
114
41,3
5686
963
241
,593
72,6
6212
,911
6,05
779
,516
6,79
663
213
,498
zz
5,38
019
7828
8,41
732
8,84
528
0,34
768
,453
28,0
2632
0,77
514
1,83
252
,739
6,43
918
8,13
242
,320
1,05
163
642
,735
74,4
5814
,305
6,01
082
,754
6,79
635
814
,940
zz
8,07
019
7929
7,50
733
0,60
628
5,89
766
,493
33,3
9431
8,99
613
8,09
149
,332
8,31
117
9,11
141
,110
819
843
41,0
8682
,690
15,8
077,
172
91,3
256,
938
536
17,0
68z
z11
,610
1980
270,
602
294,
557
254,
320
58,2
4434
,289
278,
275
113,
592
41,7
169,
098
146,
209
33,6
0651
777
333
,350
86,1
0215
,495
10,3
3591
,262
6,93
851
714
,083
zz
16,2
8219
8126
0,26
428
6,75
524
3,55
756
,519
30,0
2827
0,04
810
8,72
240
,950
8,89
714
0,77
533
,971
607
1,39
433
,183
83,1
6014
,565
8,97
088
,755
6,93
839
710
,767
zz
16,7
0719
8225
4,83
927
9,19
223
7,28
255
,443
31,0
9026
1,63
510
5,49
640
,822
7,62
013
8,69
831
,864
707
910
31,6
6178
,792
13,4
668,
451
83,8
077,
021
448
14,1
09z
z17
,557
1983
286,
296
321,
579
269,
447
68,1
0732
,824
304,
730
129,
618
52,5
618,
075
174,
104
39,0
621,
092
1,15
039
,004
78,3
5213
,810
8,24
183
,921
7,05
764
515
,358
zz
16,8
4919
8429
3,09
933
6,57
227
5,11
874
,555
31,0
8231
8,59
113
3,52
657
,270
7,42
418
3,37
139
,371
1,03
073
039
,670
79,8
7415
,726
7,66
687
,934
7,08
652
915
,262
zz
17,9
8119
8529
2,61
634
1,10
027
5,48
580
,141
31,6
5832
3,96
813
3,44
562
,631
6,57
118
9,50
539
,408
1,29
062
840
,070
78,4
8515
,899
7,55
586
,830
7,24
232
116
,904
zz
17,1
3219
8631
7,41
936
1,45
529
9,89
778
,776
34,7
4034
3,93
314
8,92
360
,469
8,53
620
0,85
642
,513
1,33
01,
176
42,6
6785
,272
16,7
429,
103
92,9
117,
263
236
15,9
26z
z17
,522
1987
332,
674
374,
382
318,
148
81,5
1239
,805
359,
855
159,
408
61,5
5010
,727
210,
232
43,5
341,
747
1,49
643
,785
89,4
2017
,903
9,64
597
,677
7,84
931
117
,936
zz
14,5
2719
8833
4,02
936
3,28
031
9,64
475
,982
46,7
3134
8,89
515
8,66
656
,404
13,9
1220
1,15
842
,399
1,44
51,
869
41,9
7590
,115
17,8
7910
,139
97,8
547,
654
253
20,8
10z
z14
,385
1989
331,
625
359,
391
316,
282
80,0
7552
,309
344,
048
153,
563
61,2
8114
,116
200,
729
38,4
2684
22,
556
36,7
1291
,266
17,7
8110
,940
98,1
088,
329
9520
,350
754,
347
15,3
4319
9032
6,20
634
4,64
231
0,59
471
,840
53,4
0432
9,03
014
5,95
552
,802
15,7
2218
3,03
637
,600
732
2,85
135
,482
95,5
8918
,243
11,8
1610
2,01
68,
435
5818
,089
34,
927
15,6
1219
9132
2,41
034
0,88
130
2,83
568
,099
49,6
2832
1,30
714
3,79
450
,213
13,3
9918
0,60
833
,366
645
2,36
031
,650
97,2
0117
,205
13,6
6310
0,74
28,
269
3415
,752
24,
453
19,5
7419
9231
2,60
133
9,46
929
7,25
872
,054
45,1
8632
4,12
614
0,98
654
,084
10,8
1818
4,25
334
,237
822
2,58
232
,477
97,2
9616
,948
14,4
0299
,842
7,35
416
713
,837
333,
548
15,3
4319
9329
6,10
933
6,27
428
2,95
280
,432
40,2
6732
3,11
713
4,56
361
,814
9,70
218
6,67
534
,108
813
2,48
032
,441
92,3
5017
,298
12,5
3297
,116
6,37
838
811
,955
119
3,59
813
,157
1994
300,
929
347,
628
289,
080
85,4
6538
,766
335,
779
139,
219
66,3
818,
764
196,
836
34,5
2877
42,
116
33,1
8694
,454
17,6
2613
,024
99,0
556,
018
427
10,9
6025
73,
901
11,8
4919
9529
7,83
834
8,49
728
7,87
291
,296
40,6
3733
8,53
113
1,53
970
,317
7,87
819
3,97
833
,845
891
2,18
932
,547
101,
385
19,4
3715
,275
105,
547
5,80
824
711
,560
404
3,73
59,
966
1996
296,
563
349,
975
287,
644
92,3
6338
,951
341,
057
135,
677
73,5
847,
469
201,
792
33,2
9384
32,
134
32,0
0299
,310
17,3
7115
,115
101,
566
5,13
337
910
,791
186
3,44
18,
919
1997
300,
692
355,
496
292,
811
93,6
3738
,832
347,
616
141,
404
73,5
187,
166
207,
756
31,2
8199
42,
597
29,6
7910
1,63
018
,708
15,5
2510
4,81
24,
953
381
9,41
236
4,13
27,
880
1998
300,
979
367,
446
292,
193
98,1
9431
,726
358,
660
141,
448
76,3
144,
806
212,
956
30,8
251,
206
1,30
130
,730
103,
672
19,8
8013
,949
109,
604
4,57
766
67,
457
128
4,21
48,
786
1999
301,
218
370,
543
292,
470
100,
263
30,9
3836
1,79
514
9,29
878
,317
5,77
022
1,84
530
,923
1,50
81,
315
31,1
1696
,094
19,2
4912
,170
103,
173
4,47
21,
152
7,54
237
4,14
08,
748
2000
304,
075
372,
045
295,
343
104,
000
33,5
4836
3,31
314
6,68
779
,419
5,90
722
0,19
930
,104
1,63
71,
219
30,5
2298
,132
21,1
3612
,987
106,
281
4,50
21,
768
9,35
739
3,64
68,
732
2001
293,
328
367,
612
284,
601
106,
550
29,9
2635
8,88
514
1,05
481
,968
4,15
021
8,87
226
,603
2,06
386
727
,798
94,3
6020
,695
12,3
6710
2,68
87,
702
1,80
78,
701
173,
430
8,72
720
0229
7,02
537
8,82
628
8,84
211
0,86
429
,064
370,
643
146,
141
85,6
794,
141
227,
680
26,8
162,
594
757
28,6
5392
,095
20,4
5713
,078
102,
143
7,63
02,
111
7,90
423
3,18
58,
183
2003
297,
911
385,
950
289,
755
114,
485
26,4
4637
7,79
414
9,30
686
,503
4,10
223
1,70
626
,416
3,30
572
928
,992
98,6
9622
,684
11,0
5111
0,33
04,
773
1,95
17,
414
423,
150
8,15
620
0429
8,73
040
0,35
029
0,43
912
6,69
025
,070
392,
059
159,
358
99,9
873,
548
255,
797
27,1
034,
985
881
31,2
0788
,557
19,8
609,
992
98,4
254,
773
1,76
17,
236
973,
412
8,29
120
0530
3,01
440
5,45
029
4,66
912
8,59
926
,163
397,
105
162,
196
100,
723
3,85
825
9,06
126
,702
5,57
274
831
,527
90,0
8919
,452
10,6
4998
,893
4,77
32,
760
7,27
991
3,63
08,
344
2006
295,
996
389,
656
288,
416
119,
636
25,9
7638
2,07
615
7,94
492
,928
3,99
224
6,87
924
,802
4,67
174
228
,732
91,4
6119
,569
10,8
5910
0,17
03,
827
2,39
97,
386
692,
996
7,58
020
0728
6,35
435
6,44
727
8,34
899
,743
29,6
5134
8,44
114
3,41
175
,090
4,24
921
4,25
222
,445
3,24
093
024
,756
96,7
5919
,633
12,6
5010
3,74
23,
911
1,75
67,
589
244,
233
8,00
620
0825
9,53
930
0,35
525
1,10
673
,812
32,9
9529
1,92
211
9,04
951
,857
5,10
416
5,80
118
,466
2,25
81,
045
19,6
7997
,538
18,8
3914
,787
101,
590
3,99
584
76,
901
115,
158
8,43
320
0922
7,68
525
0,41
121
8,82
654
,398
31,6
7224
1,55
294
,868
36,2
734,
208
126,
933
15,1
721,
809
791
16,1
8992
,964
15,9
0314
,930
93,9
374,
079
407
7,44
86
4,29
58,
859
2010
242,
481
261,
645
233,
195
57,4
5638
,291
252,
360
101,
230
38,7
705,
691
134,
309
16,2
571,
723
1,31
616
,665
96,5
0516
,496
16,2
4596
,756
4,16
344
69,
393
205,
647
9,28
520
1125
5,28
526
7,95
324
5,57
456
,753
44,0
8525
8,24
110
9,18
138
,041
6,99
514
0,22
816
,083
1,80
91,
231
16,6
6298
,251
16,4
7118
,050
96,6
724,
247
411
11,8
7722
5,93
49,
712
2012
267,
217
284,
283
257,
085
59,5
4342
,477
274,
150
115,
299
40,3
836,
648
149,
034
16,7
401,
825
1,38
217
,183
102,
865
16,6
9717
,862
101,
701
5,59
561
510
,329
226,
256
10,1
3320
1327
6,69
229
5,79
226
6,13
866
,741
47,6
4128
5,23
912
2,33
046
,469
7,48
716
1,31
117
,311
2,20
11,
298
18,2
1510
2,22
317
,516
21,5
2498
,215
6,94
354
411
,548
115,
784
10,5
5420
1428
3,66
331
0,72
127
2,68
873
,007
45,9
5029
9,74
612
8,47
252
,053
7,26
717
3,25
817
,002
2,31
21,
125
18,1
8810
2,89
918
,180
21,5
3299
,547
8,29
044
710
,579
155,
446
10,9
7520
1528
6,49
832
0,93
527
5,10
277
,982
43,5
4630
9,53
913
0,66
157
,014
6,57
118
1,10
416
,743
2,92
793
318
,737
103,
465
17,4
5321
,446
99,4
729,
638
573
8,32
614
6,27
011
,396
2016
292,
877
337,
318
281,
060
88,6
0844
,167
325,
501
132,
726
66,6
926,
730
192,
688
17,0
253,
562
1,01
519
,571
105,
322
17,8
6521
,421
101,
767
10,9
8646
68,
937
226,
064
11,8
1720
1730
0,52
634
1,39
628
8,28
886
,373
45,5
0432
9,15
813
8,23
864
,170
7,12
919
5,27
917
,673
4,40
01,
099
20,9
7510
4,54
017
,386
21,7
7210
0,15
312
,334
409
8,97
99
6,52
512
,238
a U.S.
Dep
artm
ent o
f Agr
icul
ture
, For
est S
ervi
ce (2
2); U
.S. I
nter
natio
nal T
rade
Com
mis
sion
(86)
; dat
a m
ay n
ot a
dd to
tota
ls b
ecau
se o
f rou
ndin
g; d
ata
have
bee
n re
vise
d.b In
clud
es p
ulpw
ood
and
the
pulp
wood
equ
ival
ent o
f woo
d pu
lp a
nd p
aper
and
boa
rd.
c Incl
udes
coo
pera
ge lo
gs, p
oles
and
pilin
g, fe
nce
post
s, h
ewn
ties,
roun
d m
ine
timbe
rs, b
ox b
olts
, exc
elsi
or b
olts
, che
mic
al w
ood,
shi
ngle
bol
ts, a
nd m
isce
llane
ous
item
s.d Pr
ior t
o 19
89, p
ulpw
ood
chip
s ar
e no
t inc
lude
d in
tota
l pro
duct
ion.
e Prio
r to
2000
, Pul
pwoo
d Lo
gs a
re n
ot in
clud
ed in
Log
s.z No
t Ava
ilabl
e.
Research Paper FPL–RP–701
32
Tabl
e 6c
—Pr
oduc
tion,
impo
rts,
exp
orts
, and
con
sum
ptio
n of
tim
ber
prod
ucts
, by
maj
or p
rodu
ct, 1
965–
2017
(met
ric
tons
car
bon,
rou
ndw
ood
equi
vale
nt)a
Indu
stria
l rou
ndwo
od u
seO
ther
Fuel
-in
dust
rial
wood
All p
rodu
cts
Tota
lLu
mbe
rPl
ywoo
d an
d ve
neer
Pulp
wood
-bas
ed p
rodu
cts
prod
ucts
,Lo
gse
Pulp
wood
chi
pdpr
oduc
-
prod
uctio
ntio
n an
dPr
oduc
- Co
nsum
p-
Prod
uc-
Im-
Ex-
Cons
ump-
Pr
oduc
-Im
-Ex
-Co
nsum
p-
Prod
uc-
Im-
Ex-
Cons
ump-
Pr
oduc
-Im
-Ex
-Co
nsum
p-an
d co
n-Im
- Ex
-Im
-Ex
-co
n-Ye
artio
ntio
ntio
npo
rtspo
rtstio
ntio
npo
rtspo
rtstio
ntio
npo
rtspo
rtstio
ntio
npo
rtsb
ports
btio
nsu
mpt
ionc
ports
ports
ports
ports
sum
ptio
n19
6554
,841
58,9
7753
,571
8,37
32,
967
58,9
7728
,549
4,80
179
232
,559
6,15
691
156,
232
15,7
173,
468
1,05
118
,134
2,03
913
1,11
0z
z1,
270
1966
55,9
1859
,835
54,6
468,
549
3,36
059
,835
28,1
194,
692
884
31,9
266,
451
108
246,
535
16,6
583,
708
1,14
119
,225
2,10
742
1,31
1z
z1,
272
1967
55,6
6658
,590
54,3
628,
371
4,14
358
,590
27,4
624,
710
979
31,1
936,
390
107
426,
456
16,7
043,
520
1,25
318
,970
1,93
734
1,86
9z
z1,
304
1968
59,1
8362
,299
57,8
409,
419
4,96
062
,299
28,5
505,
698
1,06
433
,184
7,23
316
532
7,36
617
,680
3,52
31,
399
19,8
041,
912
332,
465
zz
1,34
319
6959
,382
62,8
9658
,036
9,89
65,
036
62,8
9627
,639
5,74
91,
048
32,3
416,
740
186
976,
829
19,1
083,
920
1,58
321
,445
2,24
042
2,30
8z
z1,
346
1970
64,5
3367
,499
62,9
8510
,631
6,11
867
,499
30,1
376,
363
1,26
735
,232
7,04
417
560
7,15
920
,744
3,98
72,
128
22,6
032,
398
106
2,66
3z
z1,
547
1971
62,1
6666
,764
60,6
9910
,965
4,90
066
,764
29,2
937,
092
961
35,4
238,
158
217
498,
326
18,7
593,
601
1,66
820
,691
2,26
756
2,22
2z
z1,
468
1972
63,5
6168
,568
62,0
5012
,408
5,89
068
,568
30,2
108,
805
1,21
837
,796
8,97
927
110
89,
141
17,8
283,
322
1,52
719
,624
1,99
511
3,03
7z
z1,
512
1973
64,0
7868
,489
62,6
4712
,486
6,64
468
,489
30,8
178,
851
1,77
737
,890
8,95
121
920
18,
969
17,6
873,
408
1,42
619
,670
1,95
28
3,24
1z
z1,
431
1974
61,5
9164
,889
60,0
2411
,188
6,32
364
,889
28,8
437,
161
1,70
534
,299
7,75
014
126
67,
625
19,1
863,
840
1,83
721
,189
1,73
145
2,51
5z
z1,
566
1975
58,4
2060
,049
56,9
219,
196
6,06
860
,049
28,6
666,
182
1,56
433
,285
7,80
316
638
67,
583
16,2
632,
779
1,52
617
,516
1,59
768
2,59
1z
z1,
499
1976
61,9
2264
,997
60,4
5611
,197
6,65
664
,997
28,8
087,
776
1,62
834
,955
9,00
120
635
38,
854
17,8
713,
149
1,53
119
,489
1,63
167
3,14
5z
z1,
466
1977
63,7
7870
,046
62,4
8613
,606
6,04
670
,046
30,9
3510
,168
1,47
839
,625
9,51
220
014
59,
566
17,4
393,
099
1,45
419
,084
1,63
113
92,
970
zz
1,29
119
7865
,662
72,7
8963
,725
15,3
566,
292
72,7
8931
,203
11,6
021,
417
41,3
899,
734
242
146
9,82
917
,870
3,43
31,
442
19,8
611,
631
793,
287
zz
1,93
719
7967
,887
72,5
5565
,101
14,9
537,
499
72,5
5530
,380
10,8
531,
828
39,4
059,
455
188
194
9,45
019
,846
3,79
41,
721
21,9
181,
665
118
3,75
5z
z2,
786
1980
62,0
5563
,518
58,1
4713
,129
7,75
863
,518
24,9
909,
177
2,00
232
,166
7,72
911
917
87,
670
20,6
643,
719
2,48
021
,903
1,66
511
43,
098
zz
3,90
819
8159
,734
61,6
5655
,724
12,7
316,
800
61,6
5623
,919
9,00
91,
957
30,9
707,
813
140
321
7,63
219
,958
3,49
62,
153
21,3
011,
665
872,
369
zz
4,01
019
8258
,451
59,6
9354
,237
12,4
747,
018
59,6
9323
,209
8,98
11,
676
30,5
147,
329
163
209
7,28
218
,910
3,23
22,
028
20,1
141,
685
983,
104
zz
4,21
419
8365
,421
69,2
5061
,377
15,2
717,
398
69,2
5028
,516
11,5
631,
776
38,3
038,
984
251
265
8,97
118
,805
3,31
41,
978
20,1
411,
694
142
3,37
9z
z4,
044
1984
66,9
7472
,387
62,6
5916
,727
6,99
972
,387
29,3
7612
,599
1,63
340
,342
9,05
523
716
89,
124
19,1
703,
774
1,84
021
,104
1,70
111
63,
358
zz
4,31
619
8566
,827
73,5
5562
,715
17,9
627,
122
73,5
5529
,358
13,7
791,
446
41,6
919,
064
297
144
9,21
618
,836
3,81
61,
813
20,8
391,
738
713,
719
zz
4,11
219
8672
,458
78,0
9668
,253
17,6
797,
837
78,0
9632
,763
13,3
031,
878
44,1
889,
778
306
270
9,81
320
,465
4,01
82,
185
22,2
991,
743
523,
504
zz
4,20
519
8775
,860
81,7
1672
,373
18,3
088,
965
81,7
1635
,070
13,5
412,
360
46,2
5110
,013
402
344
10,0
7121
,461
4,29
72,
315
23,4
431,
884
683,
946
zz
3,48
619
8876
,153
79,2
8772
,701
17,0
8810
,502
79,2
8734
,907
12,4
093,
061
44,2
559,
752
332
430
9,65
421
,628
4,29
12,
433
23,4
851,
837
564,
578
zz
3,45
219
8974
,684
78,1
7071
,002
17,9
6410
,796
78,1
7033
,784
13,4
823,
105
44,1
608,
838
194
588
8,44
421
,904
4,26
72,
626
23,5
461,
999
214,
477
181,
043
3,68
219
9073
,450
74,9
5069
,703
16,1
7610
,930
74,9
5032
,110
11,6
173,
459
40,2
688,
648
168
656
8,16
122
,941
4,37
82,
836
24,4
842,
024
133,
980
11,
182
3,74
719
9172
,785
73,1
8468
,087
15,3
3210
,235
73,1
8431
,635
11,0
472,
948
39,7
347,
674
148
543
7,28
023
,328
4,12
93,
279
24,1
781,
985
83,
465
11,
069
4,69
819
9270
,734
73,7
6967
,052
16,1
929,
474
73,7
6931
,017
11,8
992,
380
40,5
367,
875
189
594
7,47
023
,351
4,06
83,
456
23,9
621,
765
373,
044
885
13,
682
1993
66,9
3173
,454
63,7
7418
,023
8,34
373
,454
29,6
0413
,599
2,13
441
,069
7,84
518
757
17,
461
22,1
644,
151
3,00
823
,308
1,53
185
2,63
028
863
3,15
819
9467
,938
76,2
4865
,094
19,1
067,
952
76,2
4830
,628
14,6
041,
928
43,3
047,
941
178
487
7,63
322
,669
4,23
03,
126
23,7
731,
444
942,
411
6293
62,
844
1995
67,3
8476
,940
64,9
9220
,394
8,44
676
,940
28,9
3915
,470
1,73
342
,675
7,78
420
550
37,
486
24,3
324,
665
3,66
625
,331
1,39
454
2,54
397
896
2,39
219
9667
,087
77,4
4664
,946
20,6
358,
136
77,4
4629
,849
16,1
881,
643
44,3
947,
657
194
491
7,36
023
,834
4,16
93,
628
24,3
761,
232
832,
374
4582
62,
140
1997
67,8
4578
,960
65,9
5420
,976
7,97
178
,960
31,1
0916
,174
1,57
745
,706
7,19
522
959
76,
826
24,3
914,
490
3,72
625
,155
1,18
984
2,07
19
992
1,89
119
9867
,937
81,4
6865
,829
21,9
846,
345
81,4
6831
,118
16,7
891,
057
46,8
507,
090
277
299
7,06
824
,881
4,77
13,
348
26,3
051,
099
146
1,64
031
1,01
12,
109
1999
67,8
5382
,051
65,7
5322
,450
6,15
282
,051
32,8
4617
,230
1,26
948
,806
7,11
234
730
37,
157
23,0
634,
620
2,92
124
,762
1,07
325
31,
659
999
42,
100
2000
67,9
8282
,441
65,8
8623
,311
6,75
582
,441
32,2
7117
,472
1,29
948
,444
6,92
437
728
07,
020
23,5
525,
073
3,11
725
,507
1,08
138
92,
059
987
52,
096
2001
65,6
5481
,437
63,5
6023
,872
5,99
581
,437
31,0
3218
,033
913
48,1
526,
119
474
199
6,39
422
,646
4,96
72,
968
24,6
451,
849
398
1,91
44
823
2,09
420
02r
65,9
5683
,490
63,9
9224
,820
5,96
383
,490
32,1
5118
,849
911
50,0
906,
168
597
174
6,59
022
,103
4,91
03,
139
24,5
141,
831
464
1,73
96
764
1,96
420
0367
,344
85,6
9765
,387
25,6
645,
353
85,6
9732
,847
19,0
3190
350
,975
6,07
676
016
86,
668
23,6
875,
444
2,65
226
,479
1,14
542
91,
631
1075
61,
957
2004
67,2
7388
,608
65,2
8428
,298
4,97
388
,608
35,0
5921
,997
781
56,2
756,
234
1,14
720
37,
178
21,2
544,
766
2,39
823
,622
1,14
538
71,
592
2381
91,
990
2005
68,3
4189
,787
66,3
3828
,772
5,32
389
,787
35,6
8322
,159
849
56,9
946,
142
1,28
217
27,
251
21,6
214,
669
2,55
623
,734
1,14
566
31,
747
2287
12,
003
2006
66,9
1386
,457
65,0
9426
,791
5,42
886
,457
34,7
4820
,444
878
54,3
135,
705
1,07
417
16,
608
21,9
514,
696
2,60
624
,041
918
576
1,77
317
719
1,81
920
0764
,617
79,0
8762
,695
22,3
986,
006
79,0
8731
,550
16,5
2093
547
,135
5,16
274
521
45,
694
23,2
224,
712
3,03
624
,898
939
421
1,82
16
1,01
61,
922
2008
58,4
8666
,546
56,4
6216
,652
6,56
866
,546
26,1
9111
,409
1,12
336
,476
4,24
751
924
04,
526
23,4
094,
521
3,54
924
,381
959
203
1,65
63
1,23
82,
024
2009
51,5
6555
,270
49,4
3812
,310
6,47
955
,270
20,8
717,
980
926
27,9
253,
490
416
182
3,72
422
,311
3,81
73,
583
22,5
4597
998
1,78
82
1,03
12,
126
2010
54,6
5357
,709
52,4
2412
,992
7,70
857
,709
22,2
718,
529
1,25
229
,548
3,73
939
630
33,
833
23,1
613,
959
3,89
923
,221
999
107
2,25
45
1,35
52,
229
2011
57,5
0059
,002
55,1
6912
,837
9,00
459
,002
24,0
208,
369
1,53
930
,850
3,69
941
628
33,
832
23,5
803,
953
4,33
223
,201
1,01
999
2,85
05
1,42
42,
331
2012
60,1
5762
,638
57,7
2513
,459
8,54
662
,638
25,3
668,
884
1,46
332
,788
3,85
042
031
83,
952
24,6
884,
007
4,28
724
,408
1,34
314
82,
479
51,
502
2,43
220
1362
,398
65,0
4659
,865
15,0
649,
883
65,0
4626
,913
10,2
231,
647
35,4
883,
982
506
298
4,18
924
,533
4,20
45,
166
23,5
721,
666
131
2,77
23
1,38
82,
533
2014
64,0
3368
,288
61,3
9916
,454
9,56
468
,288
28,2
6411
,452
1,59
938
,117
3,91
053
225
94,
183
24,6
964,
363
5,16
823
,891
1,99
010
72,
539
41,
307
2,63
420
1564
,474
70,4
7661
,739
17,5
438,
805
70,4
7628
,746
12,5
431,
446
39,8
433,
851
673
215
4,30
924
,832
4,18
95,
147
23,8
732,
313
138
1,99
83
1,50
52,
735
2016
66,0
1074
,065
63,1
7419
,891
9,00
074
,065
29,2
0014
,672
1,48
142
,391
3,91
681
923
44,
501
25,2
774,
288
5,14
124
,424
2,63
711
22,
145
51,
455
2,83
620
1767
,619
74,8
8164
,682
19,4
009,
201
74,8
8130
,412
14,1
171,
568
42,9
614,
065
1,01
225
34,
824
25,0
904,
173
5,22
524
,037
2,96
098
2,15
52
1,56
62,
937
a U.S.
Dep
artm
ent o
f Agr
icul
ture
, For
est S
ervi
ce (2
2); U
.S. I
nter
natio
nal T
rade
Com
mis
sion
(86)
; dat
a m
ay n
ot a
dd to
tota
ls b
ecau
se o
f rou
ndin
g; d
ata
have
bee
n re
vise
d.b In
clud
es p
ulpw
ood
and
the
pulp
wood
equ
ival
ent o
f woo
d pu
lp a
nd p
aper
and
boa
rd.
c Incl
udes
coo
pera
ge lo
gs, p
oles
and
pilin
g, fe
nce
post
s, h
ewn
ties,
roun
d m
ine
timbe
rs, b
ox b
olts
, exc
elsi
or b
olts
, che
mic
al w
ood,
shi
ngle
bol
ts, a
nd m
isce
llane
ous
item
s.d Pr
ior t
o 19
89, p
ulpw
ood
chip
s ar
e no
t inc
lude
d in
tota
l pro
duct
ion.
e Prio
r to
2000
, Pul
pwoo
d Lo
gs a
re n
ot in
clud
ed in
Log
s.z No
t Ava
ilabl
e.r Re
vise
d
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
33
Tabl
e 7a
—Pr
oduc
tion,
impo
rts,
exp
orts
, and
con
sum
ptio
n of
har
dwoo
d tim
ber
prod
ucts
, by
maj
or p
rodu
ct, 1
965–
2017
(mill
ion
cubi
c fe
et, r
ound
woo
d eq
uiva
lent
)a
Indu
stria
l rou
ndwo
od u
seO
ther
Fuel
-in
dust
rial
wood
All p
rodu
cts
Tota
lLu
mbe
rPl
ywoo
d an
d ve
neer
Pulp
wood
-bas
ed p
rodu
cts
prod
ucts
,Lo
gse
Pulp
wood
chi
pdpr
oduc
-
prod
uctio
ntio
n an
dPr
oduc
- Co
nsum
p-
Prod
uc-
Im-
Ex-
Cons
ump-
Pr
oduc
-Im
-Ex
-Co
nsum
p-
Prod
uc-
Im-
Ex-
Cons
ump-
Pr
oduc
-Im
-Ex
-Co
nsum
p-an
d co
n-Im
- Ex
-Im
-Ex
-co
n-Ye
artio
ntio
ntio
npo
rtspo
rtstio
ntio
npo
rtspo
rtstio
ntio
npo
rtspo
rtstio
ntio
npo
rtsb
ports
btio
nsu
mpt
ionc
ports
ports
ports
ports
sum
ptio
n19
653,
763
3,98
02,
912
312
963,
129
1,65
058
241,
684
125
550
180
864
191
5899
726
09
13z
z85
119
663,
897
4,15
03,
045
357
104
3,29
81,
709
7327
1,75
512
865
019
394
121
065
1,08
625
58
12z
z85
319
673,
774
3,98
52,
900
323
113
3,11
11,
628
6029
1,66
011
965
118
490
719
168
1,03
023
07
16z
z87
419
683,
742
3,98
52,
842
353
110
3,08
41,
529
6020
1,56
912
798
122
493
718
774
1,05
023
47
15z
z90
019
693,
881
4,17
02,
979
410
122
3,26
81,
529
7821
1,58
611
811
01
227
1,04
921
687
1,17
827
06
13z
z90
219
704,
249
4,47
63,
211
367
139
3,43
91,
674
6726
1,71
511
510
73
219
1,11
218
710
01,
199
299
611
zz
1,03
719
713,
912
4,17
82,
895
394
128
3,16
11,
480
6228
1,51
412
513
21
257
1,01
219
590
1,11
726
85
9z
z1,
017
1972
3,98
34,
281
2,93
544
815
03,
233
1,48
978
411,
526
133
164
229
61,
074
201
921,
183
223
415
zz
1,04
819
734,
055
4,36
13,
064
459
153
3,37
01,
543
9637
1,60
212
213
23
251
1,17
322
795
1,30
520
84
18z
z99
119
744,
137
4,38
13,
051
426
181
3,29
61,
484
7835
1,52
897
864
178
1,27
725
712
31,
411
173
519
zz
1,08
619
753,
512
3,67
92,
473
310
142
2,64
11,
282
4437
1,28
979
100
517
495
216
390
1,02
515
03
11z
z1,
039
1976
3,73
83,
950
2,72
236
715
62,
934
1,40
250
421,
410
8412
35
202
1,08
619
293
1,18
413
52
15z
z1,
016
1977
4,05
94,
281
2,82
137
215
03,
043
1,49
560
411,
514
9111
74
205
1,07
519
290
1,17
714
52
14z
z1,
238
1978
4,60
24,
844
3,03
042
618
43,
272
1,57
863
671,
573
9213
02
220
1,18
823
096
1,32
115
53
18z
z1,
572
1979
4,94
45,
163
3,12
541
019
13,
343
1,64
066
631,
642
8910
82
195
1,21
623
410
61,
344
160
221
zz
1,82
019
805,
163
5,24
03,
093
333
256
3,17
01,
611
5185
1,57
778
623
138
1,20
921
814
51,
282
170
224
zz
2,07
019
815,
084
5,18
72,
856
349
247
2,95
91,
319
5183
1,28
675
773
149
1,25
821
913
51,
342
180
225
zz
2,22
719
825,
860
6,00
42,
940
359
215
3,08
41,
407
3767
1,37
795
973
189
1,23
622
213
01,
328
187
315
zz
2,92
019
836,
166
6,37
03,
364
467
263
3,56
81,
543
4590
1,49
910
414
03
241
1,50
327
815
31,
628
196
418
zz
2,80
219
846,
643
6,89
93,
652
511
256
3,90
91,
775
5792
1,74
110
312
52
226
1,54
932
514
11,
732
205
520
zz
2,99
119
856,
521
6,85
63,
671
573
238
4,00
71,
691
6365
1,69
093
149
323
91,
660
357
153
1,86
420
95
18z
z2,
849
1986
6,96
77,
258
4,05
359
730
64,
344
1,84
660
871,
820
9615
24
244
1,86
938
119
32,
057
219
422
zz
2,91
419
876,
566
6,87
14,
149
649
344
4,45
51,
982
8912
61,
945
102
179
427
71,
824
380
190
2,01
421
82
24z
z2,
416
1988
6,72
26,
872
4,33
059
544
64,
479
2,06
453
203
1,91
510
115
06
245
1,89
239
020
52,
078
240
233
zz
2,39
319
896,
861
6,88
64,
553
548
523
4,57
82,
118
6114
42,
035
9785
717
41,
926
395
221
2,10
026
13
345
117
2,30
819
906,
957
6,93
74,
609
507
528
4,58
82,
163
4014
22,
062
9571
915
71,
937
394
228
2,10
326
42
351
114
2,34
919
917,
438
7,25
04,
493
459
647
4,30
51,
961
3715
31,
844
8960
1113
81,
964
361
263
2,06
325
91
450
174
2,94
519
927,
025
6,80
64,
717
512
731
4,49
82,
003
4516
21,
886
8571
1514
22,
080
393
292
2,18
228
71
361
226
2,30
819
936,
901
6,78
54,
921
582
698
4,80
62,
142
5516
82,
028
8971
1314
82,
162
454
281
2,33
529
21
381
199
1,97
919
946,
738
6,61
54,
956
618
741
4,83
22,
168
6417
52,
058
101
6711
156
2,24
048
029
72,
423
188
342
521
61,
783
1995
7,08
66,
942
5,28
870
584
95,
144
2,21
262
184
2,08
910
776
1217
22,
499
559
365
2,69
218
24
435
245
1,79
819
966,
795
6,57
55,
186
674
893
4,96
62,
183
6619
02,
059
105
6711
161
2,40
153
035
72,
574
161
541
529
51,
609
1997
6,74
36,
565
5,32
275
693
55,
143
2,21
779
213
2,08
210
979
1217
62,
512
589
381
2,72
115
57
512
278
1,42
219
986,
580
6,55
95,
259
816
837
5,23
82,
226
9618
52,
137
112
889
191
2,45
962
432
62,
757
143
653
226
51,
322
1999
6,57
16,
618
5,25
589
084
25,
302
2,26
111
820
62,
173
116
989
205
2,41
666
030
52,
771
140
660
826
21,
316
2000
6,51
46,
599
5,20
195
386
95,
285
2,20
313
822
62,
115
124
968
212
2,41
570
131
72,
799
141
992
822
61,
314
2001
6,16
96,
340
4,85
793
676
55,
027
2,07
011
221
31,
970
149
103
824
42,
350
707
305
2,75
248
1096
414
41,
313
2002
5,99
36,
242
4,76
297
672
75,
011
2,05
612
921
21,
972
120
127
824
02,
353
705
321
2,73
748
1110
94
761,
231
2003
5,76
96,
184
4,54
21,
017
601
4,95
71,
837
138
202
1,77
311
912
39
233
2,29
973
525
32,
781
149
1194
1043
1,22
720
045,
218
5,61
03,
971
952
560
4,36
31,
935
173
222
1,88
612
517
812
291
1,60
456
716
82,
003
149
1011
023
471,
247
2005
5,28
35,
723
4,02
898
654
64,
467
1,95
318
722
51,
914
125
176
1129
01,
675
585
183
2,07
714
915
8822
381,
255
2006
5,08
05,
389
3,94
087
156
24,
249
1,92
713
324
91,
811
113
174
927
91,
656
538
181
2,01
412
09
7816
461,
140
2007
5,09
15,
255
3,88
672
155
74,
050
1,85
791
209
1,73
810
615
07
248
1,66
447
020
21,
931
122
582
656
1,20
420
084,
409
4,40
73,
141
544
546
3,13
91,
191
6316
51,
089
9310
48
189
1,58
736
922
81,
728
125
570
375
1,26
920
094,
240
4,22
32,
907
435
452
2,89
01,
226
6614
01,
153
8182
615
71,
370
282
204
1,44
912
82
591
441,
333
2010
4,16
84,
092
2,77
145
953
62,
695
995
5218
885
981
100
917
21,
455
298
229
1,52
413
04
755
351,
397
2011
4,37
54,
279
2,91
446
556
12,
818
1,15
060
207
1,00
383
102
917
61,
452
294
249
1,49
713
34
655
311,
461
2012
4,49
24,
380
2,96
746
157
32,
856
1,14
754
230
971
8811
29
191
1,45
528
423
31,
507
175
667
535
1,52
420
134,
736
4,58
03,
148
481
637
2,99
21,
287
6225
51,
094
9212
79
210
1,45
828
328
01,
461
217
756
338
1,58
820
144,
975
4,83
53,
324
541
681
3,18
41,
458
7728
81,
247
9312
76
214
1,38
232
725
51,
454
260
671
460
1,65
120
155,
123
4,95
03,
409
503
676
3,23
51,
450
8426
01,
274
9614
16
231
1,40
226
625
21,
416
302
969
389
1,71
420
165,
181
5,01
03,
403
486
657
3,23
31,
455
7128
91,
237
102
137
723
21,
380
265
239
1,40
634
48
745
481,
778
2017
5,30
45,
068
3,46
347
270
83,
227
1,45
662
328
1,18
910
513
08
226
1,38
926
124
51,
406
386
1776
250
1,84
1a U.
S. D
epar
tmen
t of A
gric
ultu
re, F
ores
t Ser
vice
(22)
; dat
a m
ay n
ot a
dd to
tota
ls b
ecau
se o
f rou
ndin
g; d
ata
have
bee
n re
vise
d.b In
clud
es p
ulpw
ood
and
the
pulp
wood
equ
ival
ent o
f woo
d pu
lp a
nd p
aper
and
boa
rd.
c Incl
udes
coo
pera
ge lo
gs, p
oles
and
pilin
g, fe
nce
post
s, h
ewn
ties,
roun
d m
ine
timbe
rs, b
ox b
olts
, exc
elsi
or b
olts
, che
mic
al w
ood,
shi
ngle
bol
ts, a
nd m
isce
llane
ous
item
s.d Pr
ior t
o 19
89, p
ulpw
ood
chip
s ar
e no
t inc
lude
d in
tota
l pro
duct
ion.
e Prio
r to
2000
, Pul
pwoo
d Lo
gs a
re n
ot in
clud
ed in
Log
s.z No
t Ava
ilabl
e.
Research Paper FPL–RP–701
34
Tabl
e 7b
—Pr
oduc
tion,
impo
rts,
exp
orts
, and
con
sum
ptio
n of
har
dwoo
d tim
ber
prod
ucts
, by
maj
or p
rodu
ct, 1
965–
2017
(tho
usan
d cu
bic
met
ers,
rou
ndw
ood
equi
vale
nt)a
Indu
stria
l rou
ndwo
od u
seO
ther
Fuel
-in
dust
rial
wood
All p
rodu
cts
Tota
lLu
mbe
rPl
ywoo
d an
d ve
neer
Pulp
wood
-bas
ed p
rodu
cts
prod
ucts
,Lo
gse
Pulp
wood
chi
pdpr
oduc
-
prod
uctio
ntio
n an
dPr
oduc
- Co
nsum
p-
Prod
uc-
Im-
Ex-
Cons
ump-
Pr
oduc
-Im
-Ex
-Co
nsum
p-
Prod
uc-
Im-
Ex-
Cons
ump-
Pr
oduc
-Im
-Ex
-Co
nsum
p-an
d co
n-Im
- Ex
-Im
-Ex
-co
n-Ye
artio
ntio
ntio
npo
rtspo
rtstio
ntio
npo
rtspo
rtstio
ntio
npo
rtspo
rtstio
ntio
npo
rtsb
ports
btio
nsu
mpt
ionc
ports
ports
ports
ports
sum
ptio
n19
6510
6,55
211
2,71
482
,449
8,84
82,
708
88,6
1246
,720
1,64
969
247
,678
3,54
01,
544
105,
097
24,4
585,
407
1,63
828
,227
7,36
224
736
9z
z24
,102
1966
110,
360
117,
524
86,2
1210
,106
2,94
793
,376
48,3
832,
076
763
49,6
953,
625
1,84
914
5,46
526
,642
5,94
11,
828
30,7
547,
221
241
342
zz
24,1
4919
6710
6,87
411
2,84
182
,121
9,14
23,
195
88,0
8946
,113
1,69
181
146
,993
3,37
01,
835
155,
210
25,6
875,
421
1,93
029
,178
6,51
319
543
9z
z24
,752
1968
105,
974
112,
837
80,4
789,
991
3,11
687
,341
43,2
921,
702
560
44,4
343,
596
2,78
223
6,34
326
,545
5,29
92,
103
29,7
416,
615
208
430
zz
25,4
9519
6910
9,90
411
8,07
184
,362
11,6
033,
446
92,5
2943
,286
2,20
358
444
,905
3,34
13,
108
326,
428
29,7
166,
110
2,46
733
,359
7,65
518
236
3z
z25
,542
1970
120,
307
126,
760
90,9
3410
,382
3,94
597
,387
47,3
951,
907
724
48,5
773,
256
3,01
990
6,20
131
,499
5,28
42,
819
33,9
658,
471
172
312
zz
29,3
7319
7111
0,78
511
8,32
181
,985
11,1
593,
638
89,5
2141
,909
1,76
579
142
,883
3,54
03,
749
267,
277
28,6
715,
517
2,55
431
,633
7,59
912
826
7z
z28
,800
1972
112,
774
121,
397
83,1
1012
,690
4,07
691
,733
42,1
722,
214
1,17
043
,216
3,76
64,
655
488,
382
30,4
205,
695
2,61
633
,499
6,32
612
742
5z
z29
,664
1973
114,
839
123,
552
86,7
6312
,986
4,27
495
,477
43,6
962,
707
1,05
245
,351
3,45
53,
727
767,
108
33,2
136,
438
2,69
536
,956
5,88
411
351
6z
z28
,076
1974
117,
135
124,
049
86,3
9612
,054
5,13
293
,310
42,0
352,
218
981
43,2
722,
747
2,42
512
35,
040
36,1
687,
271
3,48
539
,953
4,90
914
053
8z
z30
,739
1975
99,4
4710
4,24
470
,039
8,76
63,
963
74,8
3736
,307
1,24
31,
049
36,5
012,
237
2,82
913
44,
927
26,9
484,
617
2,54
329
,022
4,24
877
300
zz
29,4
0719
7610
5,84
211
2,04
777
,066
10,4
014,
210
83,2
7139
,694
1,42
21,
186
39,9
302,
379
3,47
514
75,
720
30,7
435,
439
2,64
833
,534
3,82
364
427
zz
28,7
7719
7711
4,93
112
1,41
979
,871
10,5
324,
062
86,3
6042
,341
1,69
61,
174
42,8
632,
577
3,32
511
65,
805
30,4
415,
443
2,55
333
,331
4,10
668
406
zz
35,0
6019
7813
0,31
813
7,11
085
,798
12,0
545,
266
92,5
9044
,672
1,78
31,
909
44,5
462,
605
3,67
858
6,23
033
,630
6,51
22,
733
37,4
094,
389
8150
2z
z44
,520
1979
140,
012
145,
999
88,4
8511
,597
5,61
794
,473
46,4
311,
856
1,78
146
,505
2,52
03,
054
605,
522
34,4
206,
621
3,00
038
,041
4,53
166
583
zz
51,5
2719
8014
6,20
714
8,31
787
,579
9,43
57,
329
89,6
9045
,622
1,44
62,
405
44,6
632,
209
1,76
874
3,90
834
,247
6,16
04,
101
36,3
064,
814
6168
8z
z58
,628
1981
143,
952
146,
754
80,8
879,
891
7,09
683
,688
37,3
361,
436
2,36
136
,412
2,12
42,
187
984,
219
35,6
186,
207
3,82
038
,005
5,09
761
712
zz
63,0
6619
8216
5,94
217
0,09
783
,255
10,1
756,
004
87,4
1039
,845
1,04
11,
904
38,9
822,
690
2,75
779
5,35
235
,001
6,29
43,
683
37,6
135,
297
8342
2z
z82
,687
1983
174,
614
180,
467
95,2
6113
,232
7,36
610
1,11
443
,696
1,28
52,
537
42,4
442,
945
3,97
583
6,82
442
,570
7,86
94,
335
46,1
045,
544
102
505
zz
79,3
5319
8418
8,10
819
5,36
710
3,42
014
,479
7,24
111
0,67
950
,273
1,61
72,
599
49,2
902,
917
3,53
067
6,40
043
,865
9,19
74,
010
49,0
515,
798
136
569
zz
84,6
8819
8518
4,64
919
3,98
210
3,96
316
,236
6,90
311
3,29
547
,892
1,79
41,
839
47,8
472,
631
4,21
073
6,76
847
,011
10,1
034,
324
52,7
915,
925
129
504
zz
80,6
8719
8619
7,28
820
5,40
511
4,76
516
,902
8,78
512
2,88
352
,281
1,71
12,
463
51,5
292,
729
4,29
610
76,
918
52,9
3610
,775
5,46
558
,246
6,18
712
063
3z
z82
,522
1987
185,
916
194,
469
117,
499
18,3
899,
836
126,
052
56,1
242,
521
3,58
155
,065
2,88
95,
055
109
7,83
551
,642
10,7
505,
381
57,0
126,
167
6367
6z
z68
,417
1988
190,
357
194,
419
122,
607
16,8
5812
,795
126,
669
58,4
481,
504
5,73
854
,214
2,86
34,
257
173
6,94
853
,585
11,0
415,
805
58,8
226,
788
5592
3z
z67
,750
1989
194,
291
194,
786
128,
930
15,5
1115
,016
129,
426
59,9
761,
724
4,07
157
,629
2,73
82,
400
199
4,93
954
,539
11,1
716,
268
59,4
427,
386
8396
613
33,
325
65,3
6019
9019
7,00
719
6,14
313
0,50
014
,358
15,2
2312
9,63
661
,249
1,14
34,
010
58,3
822,
692
2,00
024
24,
451
54,8
4711
,148
6,48
159
,514
7,48
046
994
213,
238
66,5
0719
9121
0,61
020
4,96
712
7,22
413
,004
18,6
4812
1,58
155
,528
1,03
74,
346
52,2
202,
519
1,69
932
03,
898
55,6
2610
,232
7,46
358
,396
7,33
327
1,28
39
4,93
483
,386
1992
198,
932
192,
407
133,
572
14,4
8621
,012
127,
046
56,7
141,
282
4,59
253
,404
2,41
62,
010
419
4,00
858
,908
11,1
338,
293
61,7
488,
118
301,
015
316,
401
65,3
6019
9319
5,40
819
1,69
613
9,35
916
,492
20,2
0413
5,64
660
,648
1,54
64,
754
57,4
412,
520
2,01
435
74,
177
61,2
1012
,863
7,96
766
,106
8,26
537
1,07
431
5,64
256
,049
1994
190,
805
186,
772
140,
328
17,5
0021
,533
136,
295
61,3
991,
822
4,95
158
,270
2,85
01,
883
320
4,41
363
,433
13,5
898,
433
68,5
905,
337
731,
195
134
6,11
450
,477
1995
200,
644
196,
546
149,
729
19,9
6324
,061
145,
631
62,6
291,
748
5,21
659
,161
3,03
82,
145
326
4,85
670
,751
15,8
2410
,359
76,2
175,
151
117
1,21
312
96,
946
50,9
1519
9619
2,40
318
6,17
714
6,83
919
,077
25,3
0214
0,61
461
,828
1,85
95,
376
58,3
112,
982
1,90
932
44,
568
67,9
8215
,012
10,1
0772
,887
4,55
214
21,
147
155
8,34
845
,563
1997
190,
949
185,
872
150,
691
21,4
0526
,482
145,
614
62,7
652,
226
6,03
858
,953
3,07
52,
239
334
4,98
171
,146
16,6
7710
,796
77,0
274,
392
197
1,44
966
7,86
240
,259
1998
186,
339
185,
832
148,
911
23,2
0423
,711
148,
405
63,0
452,
707
5,23
060
,522
3,17
42,
495
252
5,41
769
,634
17,6
709,
230
78,1
744,
059
174
1,50
258
7,49
737
,427
1999
186,
060
187,
286
148,
793
25,1
9123
,856
150,
019
64,0
193,
336
5,83
161
,524
3,27
62,
774
247
5,79
868
,409
18,6
918,
656
78,5
423,
966
181
1,69
021
57,
432
37,2
6720
0018
4,46
018
6,72
514
7,26
226
,993
24,6
1414
9,52
762
,395
3,92
06,
413
59,9
023,
500
2,72
021
96,
001
68,3
9119
,862
8,99
879
,338
3,99
326
82,
593
224
6,38
937
,198
2001
174,
661
179,
537
137,
486
26,5
0421
,653
142,
362
58,6
263,
185
6,02
655
,785
4,21
62,
910
226
6,90
066
,553
20,0
208,
655
78,0
541,
346
271
2,71
011
84,
035
37,1
7520
0216
9,70
917
6,59
713
4,85
027
,642
20,5
9014
1,90
258
,211
3,64
36,
015
55,8
393,
394
3,61
021
56,
789
66,6
2719
,969
8,54
677
,686
1,35
932
03,
096
992,
166
34,8
5920
0316
3,35
017
5,10
612
8,60
628
,788
17,0
3214
0,36
252
,015
3,91
55,
726
50,2
043,
369
3,48
926
26,
597
65,0
9720
,800
7,15
378
,745
4,23
230
22,
662
283
1,23
034
,744
2004
147,
761
158,
857
112,
443
26,9
4615
,850
123,
540
54,8
024,
907
6,29
853
,411
3,52
75,
043
331
8,24
045
,418
16,0
514,
757
56,7
114,
232
293
3,12
065
21,
343
35,3
1820
0514
9,59
916
2,05
011
4,05
227
,909
15,4
5812
6,50
355
,291
5,30
46,
384
54,2
113,
531
4,98
831
18,
208
47,4
3016
,575
5,19
558
,810
4,23
242
82,
493
614
1,07
535
,547
2006
143,
853
152,
603
111,
563
24,6
6115
,912
120,
312
54,5
803,
764
7,05
151
,293
3,19
44,
937
241
7,89
046
,900
15,2
455,
124
57,0
213,
394
252
2,20
546
21,
290
32,2
9020
0714
4,15
714
8,79
911
0,05
020
,406
15,7
6411
4,69
252
,577
2,57
05,
920
49,2
282,
988
4,23
521
17,
011
47,1
1113
,305
5,72
754
,689
3,46
813
62,
325
160
1,58
134
,107
2008
124,
861
124,
802
88,9
3815
,392
15,4
5188
,879
33,7
271,
782
4,66
030
,849
2,63
72,
946
239
5,34
444
,930
10,4
426,
452
48,9
213,
543
149
1,97
273
2,12
835
,923
2009
120,
070
119,
574
82,3
3012
,309
12,8
0481
,835
34,7
241,
881
3,95
232
,654
2,28
32,
326
172
4,43
738
,792
7,99
25,
766
41,0
183,
617
671,
672
421,
242
37,7
3920
1011
8,02
311
5,86
778
,468
13,0
1015
,166
76,3
1128
,163
1,48
35,
318
24,3
282,
286
2,83
125
14,
866
41,2
028,
435
6,47
243
,164
3,69
212
52,
121
136
1,00
439
,556
2011
123,
895
121,
175
82,5
2313
,175
15,8
9679
,803
32,5
581,
696
5,86
428
,391
2,34
52,
900
249
4,99
641
,125
8,31
97,
055
42,3
903,
766
114
1,85
114
687
741
,372
2012
127,
191
124,
036
84,0
2513
,060
16,2
1480
,870
32,4
841,
517
6,50
427
,497
2,48
83,
160
242
5,40
741
,215
8,05
36,
593
42,6
764,
962
183
1,89
214
698
443
,165
2013
134,
106
129,
687
89,1
4713
,629
18,0
4784
,728
36,4
511,
751
7,21
530
,987
2,60
73,
592
248
5,95
141
,274
8,01
27,
926
41,3
606,
157
199
1,57
674
1,08
344
,959
2014
140,
871
136,
916
94,1
1815
,324
19,2
7990
,163
41,2
902,
176
8,15
535
,311
2,62
43,
609
176
6,05
739
,136
9,25
57,
232
41,1
597,
352
182
2,00
410
31,
712
46,7
5220
1514
5,07
614
0,16
196
,530
14,2
4019
,154
91,6
1641
,073
2,37
97,
366
36,0
852,
731
3,99
417
56,
550
39,6
977,
524
7,13
140
,090
8,54
724
61,
948
972,
533
48,5
4620
1614
6,71
414
1,87
496
,375
13,7
5518
,595
91,5
3541
,211
2,00
88,
184
35,0
362,
894
3,87
419
46,
575
39,0
737,
504
6,76
439
,814
9,74
221
82,
104
151
1,35
050
,339
2017
150,
185
143,
517
98,0
5313
,368
20,0
3791
,384
41,2
311,
748
9,29
733
,682
2,97
93,
672
240
6,41
139
,329
7,39
86,
924
39,8
0410
,937
492
2,15
858
1,41
852
,132
a U.S.
Dep
artm
ent o
f Agr
icul
ture
, For
est S
ervi
ce (2
2); U
.S. I
nter
natio
nal T
rade
Com
mis
sion
(86)
; dat
a m
ay n
ot a
dd to
tota
ls b
ecau
se o
f rou
ndin
g; d
ata
have
bee
n re
vise
d.b In
clud
es p
ulpw
ood
and
the
pulp
wood
equ
ival
ent o
f woo
d pu
lp a
nd p
aper
and
boa
rd.
c Incl
udes
coo
pera
ge lo
gs, p
oles
and
pilin
g, fe
nce
post
s, h
ewn
ties,
roun
d m
ine
timbe
rs, b
ox b
olts
, exc
elsi
or b
olts
, che
mic
al w
ood,
shi
ngle
bol
ts, a
nd m
isce
llane
ous
item
s.d Pr
ior t
o 19
89, p
ulpw
ood
chip
s ar
e no
t inc
lude
d in
tota
l pro
duct
ion.
e Prio
r to
2000
, Pul
pwoo
d Lo
gs a
re n
ot in
clud
ed in
Log
s.z No
t Ava
ilabl
e.
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
35
Tabl
e 7c
—Pr
oduc
tion,
impo
rts,
exp
orts
, and
con
sum
ptio
n of
tim
ber
prod
ucts
, by
maj
or p
rodu
ct, 1
965–
2017
(met
ric
tons
car
bon,
rou
ndw
ood
equi
vale
nt)a
Indu
stria
l rou
ndwo
od u
seO
ther
Fuel
-in
dust
rial
wood
All p
rodu
cts
Tota
lLu
mbe
rPl
ywoo
d an
d ve
neer
Pulp
wood
-bas
ed p
rodu
cts
prod
ucts
,Lo
gse
Pulp
wood
chi
pdpr
oduc
-
prod
uctio
ntio
n an
dPr
oduc
- Co
nsum
p-
Prod
uc-
Im-
Ex-
Cons
ump-
Pr
oduc
-Im
-Ex
-Co
nsum
p-
Prod
uc-
Im-
Ex-
Cons
ump-
Pr
oduc
-Im
-Ex
-Co
nsum
p-an
d co
n-Im
- Ex
-Im
-Ex
-co
n-Ye
artio
ntio
ntio
npo
rtspo
rtstio
ntio
npo
rtspo
rtstio
ntio
npo
rtspo
rtstio
ntio
npo
rtsb
ports
btio
nsu
mpt
ionc
ports
ports
ports
ports
sum
ptio
n19
6512
,507
13,4
4112
,202
1,91
267
413
,441
6,28
11,
056
174
7,16
31,
416
213
1,43
33,
772
832
252
4,35
248
93
244
zz
305
1966
12,7
6713
,656
12,4
621,
956
762
13,6
566,
186
1,03
219
57,
024
1,48
425
51,
503
3,99
889
027
44,
614
506
928
8z
z30
519
6712
,709
13,3
7212
,396
1,91
393
713
,372
6,04
21,
036
215
6,86
31,
470
2510
1,48
54,
009
845
301
4,55
346
57
411
zz
313
1968
13,5
1114
,214
13,1
892,
144
1,11
914
,214
6,28
11,
254
234
7,30
11,
664
387
1,69
44,
243
845
336
4,75
345
97
542
zz
322
1969
13,5
8514
,379
13,2
622,
257
1,14
114
,379
6,08
11,
265
230
7,11
51,
550
4322
1,57
14,
586
941
380
5,14
753
89
508
zz
323
1970
14,7
6115
,421
14,3
902,
420
1,38
915
,421
6,63
01,
400
279
7,75
11,
620
4014
1,64
74,
978
957
511
5,42
557
623
586
zz
371
1971
14,2
0815
,230
13,8
562,
487
1,11
215
,230
6,44
41,
560
211
7,79
31,
876
5011
1,91
54,
502
864
400
4,96
654
412
489
zz
352
1972
14,5
0015
,609
14,1
372,
799
1,32
715
,609
6,64
61,
937
268
8,31
52,
065
6225
2,10
24,
279
797
366
4,71
047
92
668
zz
363
1973
14,6
0815
,590
14,2
652,
817
1,49
215
,590
6,78
01,
947
391
8,33
62,
059
5046
2,06
34,
245
818
342
4,72
146
82
713
zz
343
1974
14,0
7714
,810
13,7
012,
540
1,43
014
,810
6,34
51,
575
375
7,54
61,
782
3361
1,75
44,
605
922
441
5,08
541
510
553
zz
376
1975
13,3
1813
,669
12,9
582,
080
1,36
913
,669
6,30
71,
360
344
7,32
31,
795
3889
1,74
43,
903
667
366
4,20
438
315
570
zz
360
1976
14,1
3214
,810
13,7
802,
528
1,49
814
,810
6,33
81,
711
358
7,69
02,
070
4781
2,03
74,
289
756
367
4,67
739
115
692
zz
352
1977
14,5
3315
,920
14,2
233,
057
1,36
115
,920
6,80
62,
237
325
8,71
82,
188
4633
2,20
04,
185
744
349
4,58
039
131
653
zz
310
1978
14,9
7216
,542
14,5
073,
449
1,41
516
,542
6,86
52,
553
312
9,10
62,
239
5634
2,26
14,
289
824
346
4,76
739
117
723
zz
465
1979
15,5
1616
,528
14,8
473,
367
1,68
616
,528
6,68
42,
388
402
8,66
92,
175
4345
2,17
34,
763
910
413
5,26
040
026
826
zz
669
1980
14,2
5414
,522
13,3
162,
964
1,75
814
,522
5,49
82,
019
440
7,07
71,
778
2741
1,76
44,
959
892
595
5,25
740
025
682
zz
938
1981
13,7
3214
,100
12,7
702,
872
1,54
214
,100
5,26
21,
982
431
6,81
41,
797
3274
1,75
54,
790
839
517
5,11
240
019
521
zz
962
1982
13,4
2913
,641
12,4
172,
811
1,58
713
,641
5,10
61,
976
369
6,71
31,
686
3748
1,67
54,
538
776
487
4,82
740
422
683
zz
1,01
119
8314
,973
15,7
6114
,003
3,42
81,
670
15,7
616,
274
2,54
439
18,
427
2,06
658
612,
063
4,51
379
547
54,
834
406
3174
3z
z97
019
8415
,329
16,4
7214
,293
3,75
81,
578
16,4
726,
463
2,77
235
98,
875
2,08
354
392,
099
4,60
190
644
25,
065
408
2673
9z
z1,
036
1985
15,2
8616
,726
14,2
994,
031
1,60
516
,726
6,45
93,
031
318
9,17
22,
085
6833
2,12
04,
521
916
435
5,00
141
716
818
zz
987
1986
16,5
6717
,760
15,5
583,
973
1,77
017
,760
7,20
82,
927
413
9,72
12,
249
7062
2,25
74,
912
964
524
5,35
241
811
771
zz
1,00
919
8717
,326
18,5
8516
,489
4,11
82,
022
18,5
857,
715
2,97
951
910
,175
2,30
392
792,
316
5,15
11,
031
556
5,62
645
215
868
zz
837
1988
17,3
9018
,046
16,5
613,
849
2,36
318
,046
7,67
92,
730
673
9,73
62,
243
7699
2,22
05,
191
1,03
058
45,
636
441
121,
007
zz
829
1989
17,0
7117
,793
16,1
874,
039
2,43
317
,793
7,43
22,
966
683
9,71
52,
033
4513
51,
942
5,25
71,
024
630
5,65
148
05
985
425
088
419
9016
,820
17,1
0115
,921
3,64
82,
468
17,1
017,
064
2,55
676
18,
859
1,98
939
151
1,87
75,
506
1,05
168
15,
876
486
387
60
284
899
1991
16,6
9016
,696
15,5
623,
457
2,32
316
,696
6,96
02,
430
649
8,74
11,
765
3412
51,
674
5,59
999
178
75,
803
476
276
20
256
1,12
719
9216
,216
16,8
1815
,332
3,64
52,
159
16,8
186,
824
2,61
852
48,
918
1,81
143
137
1,71
85,
604
976
830
5,75
142
48
670
220
488
419
9315
,340
16,7
3114
,583
4,05
01,
901
16,7
316,
513
2,99
247
09,
035
1,80
443
131
1,71
65,
319
996
722
5,59
436
719
579
720
775
819
9415
,565
17,3
5514
,882
4,29
01,
817
17,3
556,
738
3,21
342
49,
527
1,82
741
112
1,75
65,
441
1,01
575
05,
706
347
2153
015
225
683
1995
15,4
6517
,536
14,8
914,
582
1,93
617
,536
6,36
63,
403
381
9,38
91,
790
4711
61,
722
5,84
01,
120
880
6,08
033
512
559
2321
557
419
9615
,380
17,6
2414
,866
4,62
51,
867
17,6
246,
567
3,56
136
19,
767
1,76
145
113
1,69
35,
720
1,00
187
15,
850
296
1852
211
198
514
1997
15,5
4717
,966
15,0
934,
707
1,83
417
,966
6,84
43,
558
347
10,0
551,
655
5313
71,
570
5,85
41,
078
894
6,03
728
518
456
223
845
419
9815
,579
18,5
4215
,073
4,93
51,
466
18,5
426,
846
3,69
423
310
,307
1,63
164
691,
626
5,97
21,
145
803
6,31
326
432
361
724
350
619
9915
,523
18,6
3915
,020
5,03
51,
415
18,6
397,
226
3,79
127
910
,737
1,63
680
701,
646
5,53
51,
109
701
5,94
325
856
365
223
850
420
0015
,560
18,7
3915
,057
5,23
41,
551
18,7
397,
100
3,84
428
610
,658
1,59
287
641,
615
5,65
21,
217
748
6,12
225
986
453
221
050
320
0115
,037
18,5
1014
,534
5,35
61,
380
18,5
106,
827
3,96
720
110
,593
1,40
710
946
1,47
15,
435
1,19
271
25,
915
444
8742
11
198
503
2002
15,0
9018
,961
14,6
195,
565
1,37
618
,961
7,07
34,
147
200
11,0
201,
419
137
401,
516
5,30
51,
178
753
5,88
343
910
238
31
183
471
2003
15,4
1219
,473
14,9
425,
763
1,23
219
,473
7,22
64,
187
199
11,2
151,
397
175
391,
534
5,68
51,
307
637
6,35
527
594
359
218
147
020
0415
,350
20,0
6114
,873
6,33
21,
144
20,0
617,
713
4,83
917
212
,381
1,43
426
447
1,65
15,
101
1,14
457
65,
669
275
8535
06
197
478
2005
15,5
9220
,323
15,1
116,
436
1,22
420
,323
7,85
04,
875
187
12,5
391,
413
295
401,
668
5,18
91,
120
613
5,69
627
514
638
45
209
481
2006
15,2
7219
,586
14,8
355,
999
1,24
819
,586
7,64
44,
498
193
11,9
491,
312
247
391,
520
5,26
81,
127
625
5,77
022
012
739
04
173
437
2007
14,7
8917
,973
14,3
285,
029
1,38
417
,973
6,94
13,
634
206
10,3
701,
187
171
491,
310
5,57
31,
131
729
5,97
622
593
401
124
446
120
0813
,437
15,1
9212
,951
3,75
91,
518
15,1
925,
762
2,51
024
78,
025
977
119
551,
041
5,61
81,
085
852
5,85
223
045
364
129
748
620
0911
,887
12,6
6711
,377
2,78
91,
499
12,6
674,
592
1,75
620
46,
144
803
9642
856
5,35
591
686
05,
411
235
2239
30
247
510
2010
12,5
8913
,219
12,0
542,
941
1,77
713
,219
4,90
01,
876
275
6,50
186
091
7088
25,
559
950
936
5,57
324
024
496
132
553
520
1113
,226
13,5
0312
,666
2,90
72,
070
13,5
035,
284
1,84
133
96,
787
851
9665
881
5,65
994
91,
040
5,56
824
522
627
134
255
920
1213
,842
14,3
3513
,259
3,04
51,
969
14,3
355,
580
1,95
532
27,
213
886
9773
909
5,92
596
21,
029
5,85
832
232
545
136
058
420
1314
,342
14,8
5713
,734
3,40
32,
281
14,8
575,
921
2,24
936
27,
807
916
116
6996
45,
888
1,00
91,
240
5,65
740
029
610
133
360
820
1414
,713
15,5
8314
,081
3,71
22,
210
15,5
836,
218
2,51
935
28,
386
899
122
6096
25,
927
1,04
71,
240
5,73
447
824
559
131
463
220
1514
,820
16,0
7214
,164
3,95
02,
042
16,0
726,
324
2,75
931
88,
765
886
155
4999
15,
960
1,00
51,
235
5,73
055
530
440
136
165
620
1615
,176
16,8
8114
,496
4,47
02,
085
16,8
816,
424
3,22
832
69,
326
901
188
541,
035
6,06
71,
029
1,23
45,
862
633
2547
21
349
681
2017
15,5
3717
,062
14,8
324,
362
2,13
117
,062
6,69
13,
106
345
9,45
193
523
358
1,11
06,
021
1,00
11,
254
5,76
971
022
474
037
670
5a U.
S. D
epar
tmen
t of A
gric
ultu
re, F
ores
t Ser
vice
(22)
; U.S
. Int
erna
tiona
l Tra
de C
omm
issi
on (8
6); d
ata
may
not
add
to to
tals
bec
ause
of r
ound
ing;
dat
a ha
ve b
een
revi
sed.
b Incl
udes
pul
pwoo
d an
d th
e pu
lpwo
od e
quiv
alen
t of w
ood
pulp
and
pap
er a
nd b
oard
.c In
clud
es c
oope
rage
logs
, pol
es a
nd p
iling,
fenc
e po
sts,
hew
n tie
s, ro
und
min
e tim
bers
, box
bol
ts, e
xcel
sior
bol
ts, c
hem
ical
woo
d, s
hing
le b
olts
, and
mis
cella
neou
s ite
ms.
d Prio
r to
1989
, pul
pwoo
d ch
ips
are
not i
nclu
ded
in to
tal p
rodu
ctio
n.e Pr
ior t
o 20
00, P
ulpw
ood
Logs
are
not
incl
uded
in L
ogs.
z Not A
vaila
ble.
Research Paper FPL–RP–701
36
Tabl
e 8a
—Pr
oduc
tion,
impo
rts,
exp
orts
, and
con
sum
ptio
n of
tim
ber
prod
ucts
(exc
lude
s ad
ditiv
es a
nd fi
llers
) in
tons
, by
maj
or p
rodu
ct, 1
965–
2017
(mill
ion
tons
,a air
-dry
wei
ght o
f woo
d)b
Oth
erFu
el-
indu
stria
lwo
odpr
oduc
ts,
prod
uc-
Pro-
Con-
Pr
o-
Con-
Pr
o-
Con-
Pr
o-
Con-
Pr
o-
Con-
Pr
o-Co
n-
prod
uctio
ntio
n an
ddu
c-
sum
p-
duc-
Im-
Ex-
sum
p-
duc-
Im-
Ex-
sum
p-
duc-
Im
- Ex
-su
mp-
du
c-Im
- Ex
- su
mp-
du
c- Im
- E
x-su
mp-
an
d co
n-
Im-
Ex-
Im-
Ex-
cons
ump-
Year
tion
tion
tion
ports
ports
tion
tion
ports
ports
tion
tion
ports
ports
tiong
tionk
ports
lpo
rtsm
tion
tion
ports
hpo
rtsi
tion
sum
ptio
njpo
rtspo
rtspo
rtspo
rtstio
n 19
6512
2.6
131.
710
4.4
16.1
7.0
113.
546
.55.
31.
050
.86.
80.
70.
07.
52.
90.
20.
03.
236
.69.
72.
943
.38.
50.
23.
0z
0.1
18.2
1966
126.
813
5.8
108.
617
.28.
211
7.6
46.6
5.4
1.1
50.8
7.1
0.8
0.0
7.9
3.2
0.2
0.0
3.3
39.4
10.5
3.2
46.7
8.6
0.2
3.4
z0.
318
.219
6712
6.5
132.
510
7.8
16.4
10.4
113.
845
.15.
21.
249
.17.
00.
80.
17.
83.
40.
20.
03.
539
.010
.03.
645
.47.
80.
24.
9z
0.7
18.7
1968
135.
414
0.4
116.
218
.113
.212
1.1
45.2
6.2
1.2
50.2
7.8
1.2
0.0
9.0
4.0
0.3
0.0
4.3
43.4
10.2
4.0
49.5
7.8
0.2
6.4
z1.
519
.219
6913
8.3
143.
811
9.1
19.4
14.0
124.
544
.26.
51.
249
.57.
31.
40.
18.
64.
60.
30.
04.
945
.611
.14.
552
.29.
10.
25.
9z
2.2
19.3
1970
141.
314
3.2
119.
218
.516
.612
1.1
42.7
6.2
1.3
47.6
7.6
1.3
0.1
8.8
4.6
0.2
0.0
4.8
44.8
10.4
5.5
49.6
9.9
0.4
6.8
z2.
822
.119
7114
4.8
151.
012
3.2
20.3
14.1
129.
445
.57.
61.
251
.98.
71.
70.
110
.35.
90.
30.
16.
146
.110
.44.
851
.79.
20.
25.
7z
2.3
21.6
1972
152.
915
8.5
130.
723
.117
.513
6.3
46.5
9.5
1.6
54.5
9.5
2.1
0.1
11.4
7.0
0.5
0.1
7.4
49.1
11.0
5.0
55.1
7.9
0.1
7.8
z2.
922
.219
7315
6.4
160.
513
5.4
23.8
19.7
139.
447
.79.
72.
155
.39.
41.
70.
210
.87.
60.
50.
18.
050
.911
.95.
057
.87.
50.
18.
3z
4.0
21.0
1974
149.
015
1.1
126.
021
.219
.212
8.0
43.1
7.4
1.9
48.6
8.0
1.1
0.3
8.8
6.8
0.3
0.1
7.0
50.5
12.3
5.9
56.9
6.5
0.2
6.6
z4.
423
.019
7513
6.4
135.
511
4.4
16.6
17.5
113.
540
.16.
01.
744
.47.
91.
30.
58.
76.
00.
10.
16.
044
.29.
05.
048
.35.
90.
26.
6z
3.7
22.0
1976
150.
315
0.8
128.
720
.820
.312
9.2
44.3
8.2
2.0
50.6
9.0
1.6
0.4
10.1
7.4
0.2
0.1
7.5
49.7
10.6
5.2
55.1
5.7
0.2
8.1
z4.
521
.619
7715
9.6
163.
913
4.6
23.9
19.7
138.
947
.310
.71.
856
.29.
51.
50.
210
.88.
40.
30.
18.
651
.211
.15.
257
.15.
90.
47.
6z
4.8
25.0
1978
170.
317
7.1
137.
826
.820
.014
4.6
48.4
12.2
2.0
58.6
9.8
1.7
0.2
11.2
8.7
0.4
0.1
9.1
52.3
12.3
5.2
59.5
6.0
0.2
8.5
z4.
232
.519
7917
9.5
182.
614
0.4
26.4
23.3
143.
648
.411
.52.
357
.69.
61.
40.
210
.78.
20.
40.
18.
553
.312
.85.
860
.36.
20.
39.
7z
5.2
39.0
1980
177.
517
6.5
131.
223
.324
.313
0.2
42.9
9.8
2.8
49.9
8.0
0.8
0.2
8.6
7.0
0.3
0.1
7.2
53.8
12.1
8.0
57.8
6.3
0.3
8.1
z5.
246
.319
8117
3.1
175.
212
3.8
22.9
20.9
125.
938
.39.
52.
745
.18.
21.
00.
48.
86.
70.
30.
16.
953
.811
.97.
358
.36.
50.
36.
3z
4.1
49.3
1982
184.
018
5.6
122.
122
.220
.712
3.6
38.3
9.3
2.2
45.3
8.0
1.2
0.3
9.0
5.7
0.4
0.0
6.1
52.2
11.0
6.9
56.3
6.6
0.3
8.0
z3.
362
.019
8319
5.5
201.
013
6.1
27.4
22.0
141.
545
.712
.12.
655
.39.
71.
80.
311
.27.
40.
60.
17.
954
.912
.57.
460
.06.
80.
48.
7z
2.9
59.5
1984
207.
821
7.5
144.
331
.021
.215
4.1
49.5
13.5
2.5
60.6
9.9
1.7
0.2
11.4
7.6
0.8
0.1
8.3
59.0
14.6
7.1
66.5
6.9
0.4
8.7
z2.
763
.419
8520
1.2
212.
514
0.8
32.9
21.6
152.
148
.814
.92.
061
.79.
92.
00.
211
.87.
70.
80.
18.
455
.114
.97.
162
.97.
10.
29.
5z
2.7
60.5
1986
211.
522
2.0
149.
733
.923
.516
0.1
54.4
14.5
2.7
66.2
10.9
2.1
0.4
12.6
7.9
0.9
0.1
8.7
57.4
15.5
8.4
64.5
7.2
0.2
9.1
0.8
2.8
61.8
1987
209.
921
9.7
158.
736
.126
.316
8.4
58.8
15.2
3.6
70.3
11.3
2.6
0.5
13.4
8.1
0.9
0.1
8.8
59.8
16.7
9.0
67.5
7.5
0.2
10.2
0.6
2.9
51.3
1988
214.
421
7.9
163.
735
.031
.616
7.1
59.5
13.6
5.1
68.1
11.2
2.2
0.6
12.7
8.3
0.8
0.2
8.9
61.0
17.2
9.8
68.5
7.8
0.2
11.9
1.0
4.0
50.8
1989
215.
021
7.0
165.
234
.832
.916
7.1
59.5
15.1
4.6
69.9
10.6
1.3
0.9
11.0
8.4
0.5
0.2
8.7
61.6
17.0
10.5
68.1
8.4
0.1
11.7
0.8
5.0
49.9
1990
214.
221
3.4
163.
432
.433
.116
2.7
58.2
12.9
5.0
66.1
10.4
1.1
1.0
10.5
8.2
0.5
0.3
8.4
62.3
17.1
11.1
68.3
8.6
0.1
10.4
0.7
5.3
50.8
1991
220.
921
6.8
157.
329
.733
.815
3.1
53.4
11.6
4.4
60.6
9.3
1.0
0.9
9.4
8.1
0.4
0.3
8.2
62.5
16.1
12.8
65.8
8.4
0.0
9.3
0.7
6.1
63.6
1992
209.
720
7.5
159.
832
.234
.315
7.7
55.3
13.3
4.1
64.5
9.6
1.2
1.0
9.8
8.7
0.4
0.4
8.7
63.3
16.8
14.2
65.8
8.3
0.0
8.1
0.5
6.5
49.9
1993
201.
120
5.7
158.
336
.331
.716
2.9
55.1
15.2
3.9
66.4
9.7
1.2
0.9
9.9
9.1
0.5
0.4
9.2
63.5
18.4
13.3
68.5
7.9
0.2
7.1
0.8
6.0
42.8
1994
199.
020
4.8
160.
538
.232
.516
6.3
56.6
16.4
3.7
69.3
10.0
1.1
0.8
10.3
9.6
0.8
0.5
9.8
65.1
19.3
14.3
70.1
6.1
0.3
6.7
0.4
6.5
38.5
1995
196.
520
2.2
158.
940
.634
.916
4.6
55.1
17.3
3.6
68.8
9.9
1.3
0.9
10.3
8.9
0.8
0.6
9.1
65.1
20.2
15.9
69.5
5.9
0.2
7.0
0.8
7.0
37.6
1996
192.
719
7.1
159.
040
.035
.516
3.5
55.9
18.2
3.6
70.5
9.7
1.2
0.8
10.1
9.5
0.8
0.6
9.7
64.4
18.7
16.3
66.9
5.2
0.3
6.5
0.9
7.7
33.7
1997
191.
319
7.5
161.
642
.636
.416
7.7
57.6
18.3
3.7
72.2
9.2
1.4
1.0
9.6
9.6
0.9
0.5
9.9
66.4
20.9
17.4
69.9
5.0
0.3
5.9
0.8
7.8
29.8
1998
187.
720
0.3
159.
144
.131
.517
1.7
57.7
19.1
2.9
74.0
9.2
1.6
0.6
10.2
9.6
0.9
0.4
10.1
65.4
21.6
15.1
71.8
4.6
0.5
4.9
0.5
7.7
28.6
1999
188.
720
4.2
160.
347
.231
.717
5.8
60.0
19.8
3.3
76.5
9.3
1.8
0.6
10.5
9.9
1.1
0.4
10.7
63.9
23.3
14.8
72.5
4.5
0.7
5.1
0.3
7.6
28.4
2000
187.
820
4.6
159.
449
.532
.717
6.2
58.8
20.3
3.5
75.5
9.2
1.9
0.5
10.6
9.8
1.3
0.4
10.7
63.8
24.6
15.1
73.3
4.6
1.1
6.5
0.3
6.5
28.4
2001
176.
819
7.1
148.
549
.329
.116
8.7
56.1
20.6
3.0
73.7
8.1
2.0
0.4
9.7
8.7
1.5
0.4
9.9
59.6
23.8
14.2
69.2
4.9
1.1
6.2
0.2
4.9
28.4
2002
174.
819
7.5
148.
251
.128
.417
0.9
57.2
21.7
3.0
75.9
8.1
2.6
0.4
10.4
9.3
1.5
0.3
10.5
59.3
23.8
15.2
67.9
4.8
1.3
6.0
0.1
3.5
26.6
2003
171.
220
0.1
144.
753
.024
.017
3.6
55.8
22.0
2.9
74.9
7.9
2.8
0.4
10.3
9.1
1.7
0.3
10.5
58.7
24.8
12.1
71.5
4.8
1.2
5.5
0.4
2.9
26.5
2004
177.
021
1.1
150.
059
.725
.618
4.2
59.3
25.5
2.9
81.9
7.8
4.1
0.5
11.5
9.5
2.2
0.4
11.3
59.8
25.8
13.0
72.6
4.8
1.1
5.7
1.0
3.1
27.0
2005
178.
621
2.6
151.
459
.925
.918
5.5
60.2
25.8
3.0
83.0
7.7
4.3
0.4
11.6
9.5
2.4
0.5
11.4
60.8
24.7
13.5
72.0
4.8
1.7
5.3
0.9
3.1
27.1
2006
173.
020
3.6
148.
456
.626
.017
9.0
58.8
23.5
3.3
79.0
7.1
4.0
0.4
10.7
9.4
2.3
0.6
11.1
61.1
24.7
13.7
72.1
3.9
1.5
5.3
0.7
2.8
24.6
2007
164.
718
4.9
138.
748
.328
.015
8.9
54.5
18.8
3.0
70.3
6.6
3.1
0.4
9.3
8.6
2.0
0.5
10.1
55.8
23.1
14.9
64.0
4.0
1.0
5.4
0.2
3.8
26.0
2008
151.
315
9.6
123.
838
.129
.813
2.2
41.7
13.0
2.8
51.9
5.6
2.2
0.5
7.3
7.4
1.4
0.5
8.3
55.4
20.9
16.4
59.9
4.1
0.5
4.9
0.1
4.8
27.4
2009
138.
414
0.1
109.
628
.627
.011
1.3
36.0
9.3
2.3
42.9
4.8
1.7
0.4
6.2
6.3
1.0
0.4
6.9
49.8
16.3
15.3
50.8
4.1
0.3
5.0
0.1
3.6
28.8
2010
144.
914
3.6
114.
730
.431
.811
3.4
35.2
9.7
3.1
41.8
5.0
2.0
0.6
6.4
6.2
0.9
0.4
6.7
53.4
17.3
17.0
53.7
4.2
0.3
6.3
0.2
4.3
30.2
2011
150.
114
4.8
118.
629
.634
.911
3.3
38.8
9.6
3.6
44.8
5.0
2.0
0.5
6.4
6.2
0.8
0.4
6.6
52.4
16.8
18.4
50.7
4.3
0.3
7.5
0.1
4.4
31.6
2012
154.
715
1.0
121.
729
.633
.311
8.0
40.3
10.1
3.8
46.7
5.1
2.1
0.6
6.6
6.1
0.8
0.4
6.5
53.1
16.0
17.2
52.0
5.7
0.4
6.7
0.1
4.7
32.9
2013
160.
815
5.6
126.
532
.537
.712
1.3
43.5
11.7
4.2
50.9
5.2
2.5
0.6
7.1
6.6
0.9
0.3
7.1
52.6
17.1
21.0
48.7
7.0
0.4
7.2
0.1
4.5
34.3
2014
165.
716
3.2
130.
134
.937
.412
7.5
46.7
13.1
4.5
55.4
5.0
2.5
0.5
7.1
6.6
1.4
0.3
7.7
51.8
17.4
20.6
48.5
8.4
0.3
6.9
0.1
4.7
35.7
2015
167.
516
7.0
130.
535
.936
.412
9.9
47.2
14.4
4.0
57.6
4.9
2.9
0.4
7.5
6.7
1.4
0.2
7.9
50.5
16.6
20.4
46.7
9.8
0.4
5.6
0.1
5.8
37.0
2016
170.
617
2.8
132.
238
.135
.913
4.4
47.8
16.6
4.3
60.0
5.0
3.1
0.4
7.7
6.7
1.2
0.2
7.7
50.7
16.7
20.0
47.3
11.1
0.4
6.0
0.1
4.8
38.4
2017
174.
817
4.9
135.
037
.637
.613
5.1
49.2
15.9
4.8
60.2
5.1
3.3
0.5
7.9
6.5
1.3
0.3
7.5
50.5
16.5
20.6
46.3
12.5
0.5
6.1
0.1
5.2
39.8
a Conv
ersi
on fa
ctor
s ta
ken
from
GTR
RM
-199
(53)
.h In
clud
es b
oth
wood
pul
p an
d th
e wo
od p
ulp
equi
vale
nt o
f pap
er a
nd b
oard
exc
ept h
ardb
oard
and
insu
latin
g bo
ard.
b U.S.
Dep
artm
ent o
f Agr
icul
ture
, For
est S
ervi
ce (2
3); P
ine
Chem
ical
s As
soci
atio
n (3
3); d
ata
may
not
add
to to
tals
bec
ause
of r
ound
ing;
i Incl
udes
pul
pwoo
d (e
xcep
t chi
ps),
wood
pul
p, a
nd th
e wo
od p
ulp
equi
vale
nt o
f pap
er a
nd b
oard
exc
ept h
ardb
oard
and
insu
latin
g bo
ard.
data
for w
ood
pulp
hav
e be
en re
vise
d; a
ir-dr
y we
ight
con
tain
s 15
% m
oist
ure
cont
ent.
j Incl
udes
coo
pera
ge lo
gs, p
oles
and
pilin
g, fe
nce
post
s, h
ewn
ties,
roun
d m
ine
timbe
rs, b
ox b
olts
, exc
elsi
or b
olts
, c In
clud
es h
ardw
ood
and
softw
ood
palle
ts. P
alle
ts e
quat
e 20
% o
f lum
ber.
chem
ical
woo
d, s
hing
le b
olts
, and
mis
cella
neou
s ite
ms.
d In
clud
es h
ardw
ood
and
softw
ood
plyw
ood
and
lam
inat
ed v
enee
r lum
ber.
LVL
begi
ns in
198
0.k Do
esn'
t inc
lude
OSB
unt
il 19
80.
e Incl
udes
har
dboa
rd, p
artic
lebo
ard,
insu
latin
g bo
ard,
OSB
and
MDF
. l Do
esn'
t inc
lude
OSB
.f Ex
clud
es w
ood
pulp
use
d in
har
dboa
rd a
nd in
sula
ting
boar
d. In
clud
es w
ood
pulp
and
oth
er.
mDo
esn'
t inc
lude
OSB
, MDF
,and
Pap
erbo
ard
until
196
7.W
ood
pulp
/100
0 ad
ded
to o
ther
/100
(Tab
le 4
5).
n Prio
r to
2000
, Pul
pwoo
d Lo
gs a
re n
ot in
clud
ed in
logs
.g Ex
clud
es v
enee
r pro
duce
d an
d co
nsum
ed in
indu
strie
s ot
her t
han
the
plyw
ood
indu
stry
.z No
t Ava
ilabl
e.
All p
rodu
cts
The
weig
ht o
f woo
d in
pro
duct
s
Lum
berc
Plyw
ood
and
vene
erd
Pan
el p
rodu
ctse
Woo
d pu
lpf
Logs
nPu
lpwo
od c
hip
Tota
l
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
37
Tabl
e 8b
—Pr
oduc
tion,
impo
rts,
exp
orts
, and
con
sum
ptio
n of
tim
ber
prod
ucts
(exc
lude
s ad
ditiv
es a
nd fi
llers
) in
tons
, by
maj
or p
rodu
ct, 1
965–
2017
(tho
usan
d m
etri
c to
ns,a a
ir-d
ry w
eigh
t of w
ood)
b
The
weig
ht o
f woo
d in
pro
duct
s
Oth
erFu
el-
All p
rodu
cts
Tota
lLu
mbe
rcPl
ywoo
d an
d ve
neer
d P
anel
pro
duct
se W
ood
pulp
fin
dust
rial
Logs
nPu
lpwo
od c
hip
wood
prod
ucts
, pr
oduc
-Pr
o-Co
n-
Pro-
Co
n-
Pro-
Co
n-
Pro-
Co
n-
Pro-
Co
n-
Pro-
Con-
pr
oduc
tion
tion
and
duc-
su
mp-
du
c-Im
- Ex
- su
mp-
du
c-Im
-Ex
- su
mp-
du
c-
Im-
Ex-
sum
p-
duc-
Im-
Ex-
sum
p-
duc-
Im-
Ex-
sum
p-
and
con-
Im
-Ex
-Im
-Ex
-co
nsum
p-Ye
artio
ntio
ntio
npo
rtspo
rtstio
ntio
npo
rtspo
rtstio
ntio
npo
rtspo
rtstio
ngtio
nkpo
rtsl
ports
mtio
ntio
npo
rtsh
ports
itio
nsu
mpt
ionj
ports
ports
ports
ports
tion
1965
111,
188
119,
422
94,7
1214
,613
6,37
910
2,94
642
,142
4,83
690
246
,077
6,19
862
618
6,80
62,
663
224
222,
865
33,2
038,
773
2,66
039
,316
7,72
915
32,
687
z91
16,4
7619
6611
5,01
612
3,18
098
,509
15,5
647,
400
106,
673
42,2
574,
863
1,00
246
,118
6,46
374
928
7,18
42,
860
181
273,
013
35,7
309,
556
2,94
142
,345
7,79
821
53,
128
z27
216
,507
1967
114,
715
120,
158
97,7
9514
,913
9,47
010
3,23
840
,898
4,76
11,
103
44,5
566,
340
743
477,
036
3,04
418
026
3,19
935
,335
9,05
63,
225
41,1
667,
108
173
4,43
5z
635
16,9
2019
6812
2,83
212
7,30
210
5,40
416
,439
11,9
0710
9,93
641
,008
5,65
81,
099
45,5
677,
105
1,12
940
8,19
43,
672
246
303,
888
39,3
769,
228
3,66
544
,939
7,10
817
85,
775
z1,
361
17,4
2819
6912
5,45
513
0,45
510
7,99
517
,633
12,6
3311
2,99
640
,124
5,85
21,
085
44,8
916,
619
1,26
310
87,
775
4,20
227
542
4,43
541
,385
10,0
594,
063
47,3
818,
281
184
5,38
9z
1,99
517
,460
1970
128,
161
129,
948
108,
082
16,7
4814
,961
109,
869
38,7
395,
617
1,18
043
,176
6,84
81,
221
917,
978
4,18
319
146
4,32
840
,626
9,39
55,
014
45,0
078,
999
325
6,16
4z
2,52
320
,079
1971
131,
357
136,
915
111,
786
18,3
7212
,814
117,
344
41,2
446,
934
1,06
947
,109
7,86
11,
516
589,
320
5,33
125
855
5,53
441
,829
9,47
54,
390
46,9
158,
309
189
5,14
7z
2,06
419
,571
1972
138,
714
143,
839
118,
556
20,9
5515
,830
123,
680
42,1
858,
621
1,41
449
,392
8,61
31,
884
125
10,3
726,
360
409
696,
700
44,5
659,
952
4,57
449
,943
7,13
688
7,06
4z
2,63
420
,158
1973
141,
844
145,
413
122,
765
21,4
8217
,913
126,
334
43,2
258,
804
1,87
350
,156
8,49
01,
510
226
9,77
46,
888
412
927,
208
46,1
2910
,755
4,49
952
,385
6,83
20
7,57
0z
3,63
119
,079
1974
135,
125
136,
943
114,
237
19,2
5817
,440
116,
055
39,0
896,
711
1,68
744
,114
7,27
898
230
87,
952
6,17
728
112
46,
333
45,8
1111
,112
5,31
551
,608
5,90
717
25,
942
z4,
033
20,8
8819
7512
3,70
612
2,90
810
3,72
315
,091
15,8
8910
2,92
536
,377
5,44
01,
566
40,2
527,
168
1,14
643
17,
884
5,44
210
710
25,
447
40,1
108,
198
4,50
343
,805
5,31
419
95,
997
z3,
315
19,9
8319
7613
6,27
813
6,84
311
6,72
318
,896
18,3
3111
7,28
840
,175
7,47
01,
785
45,8
608,
171
1,41
040
09,
180
6,72
319
811
16,
810
45,0
539,
619
4,67
649
,996
5,17
619
97,
308
z4,
117
19,5
5519
7714
4,78
314
8,67
812
2,11
521
,702
17,8
0712
6,01
042
,898
9,68
41,
624
50,9
598,
611
1,35
218
39,
780
7,59
629
210
47,
784
46,4
2210
,026
4,70
451
,744
5,31
434
76,
903
z4,
371
22,6
6819
7815
4,45
616
0,57
812
4,97
824
,352
18,2
3013
1,10
043
,929
11,0
221,
786
53,1
658,
853
1,51
616
510
,203
7,86
940
878
8,19
947
,435
11,1
884,
700
53,9
235,
452
218
7,66
7z
3,77
429
,478
1979
162,
773
165,
522
127,
383
23,9
5421
,205
130,
132
43,9
0610
,426
2,12
452
,208
8,70
61,
247
216
9,73
77,
393
390
737,
710
48,3
3111
,592
5,26
054
,663
5,59
029
98,
763
z4,
693
35,3
9019
8016
1,01
516
0,04
211
9,02
621
,145
22,1
1811
8,05
338
,873
8,90
42,
515
45,2
627,
278
732
208
7,80
26,
341
280
786,
543
48,8
0110
,942
7,29
952
,445
5,72
828
77,
333
z4,
672
41,9
8919
8115
7,00
415
8,82
811
2,28
920
,784
18,9
6011
4,11
334
,744
8,59
92,
432
40,9
117,
419
898
367
7,95
06,
073
297
126
6,24
448
,788
10,7
636,
628
52,9
235,
866
227
5,69
9z
3,69
944
,715
1982
166,
933
168,
329
110,
743
20,1
4018
,743
112,
140
34,7
488,
404
2,03
241
,120
7,25
71,
118
248
8,12
85,
211
398
495,
559
47,3
259,
956
6,24
851
,033
6,00
426
37,
214
z2,
984
56,1
8919
8317
7,33
918
2,21
812
3,41
524
,866
19,9
8612
8,29
541
,467
10,9
922,
335
50,1
248,
806
1,63
530
810
,133
6,67
757
661
7,19
249
,826
11,2
926,
739
54,3
796,
142
371
7,87
5z
2,62
353
,924
1984
188,
447
197,
289
130,
898
28,0
8319
,240
139,
740
44,9
1712
,253
2,23
754
,933
9,00
31,
501
205
10,2
996,
893
722
667,
549
53,5
2013
,277
6,47
260
,325
6,28
033
07,
859
z2,
426
57,5
4919
8518
2,53
119
2,60
612
7,70
129
,810
19,7
3513
7,77
644
,266
13,4
801,
822
55,9
249,
018
1,84
918
410
,683
6,95
273
410
87,
578
49,9
8613
,524
6,42
657
,083
6,41
822
38,
642
z2,
418
54,8
3019
8619
1,83
520
1,26
613
5,75
730
,768
21,3
3814
5,18
849
,323
13,1
072,
429
60,0
009,
848
1,92
134
011
,429
7,18
577
312
47,
833
52,0
9314
,062
7,64
658
,509
6,55
617
78,
221
729
2,53
356
,078
1987
190,
402
199,
165
143,
909
32,7
2323
,960
152,
672
53,3
1513
,748
3,26
863
,795
10,2
392,
330
428
12,1
417,
362
784
165
7,98
254
,264
15,1
518,
163
61,2
526,
832
186
9,24
152
42,
657
46,4
9219
8819
4,49
819
7,49
014
8,45
831
,771
28,7
7815
1,45
153
,981
12,3
674,
624
61,7
2410
,130
1,99
155
711
,564
7,49
775
322
18,
028
55,3
6815
,620
8,85
962
,129
7,03
915
310
,790
887
3,65
546
,039
1989
195,
038
196,
633
149,
801
31,6
0630
,011
151,
397
53,9
4313
,703
4,20
863
,439
9,62
31,
177
783
10,0
187,
618
474
294
7,79
855
,828
15,4
479,
504
61,7
717,
660
8810
,583
716
4,54
645
,237
1990
194,
250
194,
100
148,
220
29,3
5129
,501
148,
070
52,7
4511
,727
4,55
459
,919
9,42
91,
001
887
9,54
37,
466
429
346
7,54
956
,510
15,4
9810
,039
61,9
697,
757
529,
474
643
4,83
846
,030
1991
200,
346
196,
371
142,
633
26,9
2430
,898
138,
659
48,4
7510
,493
3,99
254
,976
8,47
286
679
08,
548
7,39
134
036
97,
362
56,6
7014
,587
11,5
8559
,673
7,60
531
8,45
860
75,
562
57,7
1219
9219
0,19
918
8,00
514
4,96
329
,174
31,3
6814
2,76
850
,143
12,0
483,
686
58,5
058,
715
1,05
390
18,
867
7,86
240
646
37,
805
57,4
3315
,201
12,9
1959
,716
7,54
10
7,37
346
45,
896
45,2
3719
9318
2,40
718
6,29
414
3,61
532
,915
29,0
2814
7,50
249
,955
13,8
053,
493
60,2
678,
754
1,06
085
58,
959
8,26
846
546
98,
264
57,5
5816
,692
12,0
9462
,156
7,13
721
16,
468
682
5,47
538
,792
1994
180,
521
185,
422
145,
585
34,6
9029
,789
150,
486
51,2
9214
,895
3,36
562
,822
9,03
71,
004
743
9,29
88,
706
690
545
8,85
259
,047
17,5
0612
,937
63,6
165,
535
248
6,03
534
65,
935
34,9
3519
9517
8,21
418
3,33
214
4,08
836
,848
31,7
3014
9,20
649
,973
15,7
363,
265
62,4
458,
946
1,15
777
49,
329
8,07
471
961
58,
178
59,0
8218
,328
14,4
0563
,005
5,34
118
16,
342
727
6,33
034
,126
1996
174,
750
178,
774
144,
211
36,3
0432
,280
148,
235
50,6
7916
,494
3,24
163
,932
8,84
01,
052
765
9,12
68,
621
723
588
8,75
558
,439
16,9
7414
,773
60,6
414,
720
259
5,92
780
26,
986
30,5
3919
9717
3,54
317
9,12
814
6,56
038
,603
33,0
1815
2,14
552
,269
16,5
893,
375
65,4
838,
383
1,24
791
58,
714
8,67
080
454
08,
934
60,1
8418
,966
15,7
4363
,407
4,55
528
75,
393
710
7,10
726
,983
1998
170,
222
181,
996
144,
318
40,0
1328
,612
156,
092
52,3
6817
,344
2,61
367
,098
8,35
21,
429
499
9,28
28,
711
813
392
9,50
459
,291
19,5
5113
,721
65,1
214,
210
417
4,44
846
06,
939
25,9
0419
9917
1,16
718
5,53
614
5,37
442
,777
28,7
5015
9,74
354
,465
17,9
733,
008
69,4
298,
396
1,65
350
69,
543
9,00
81,
036
408
9,97
857
,951
21,1
6713
,387
65,7
314,
113
662
4,58
328
66,
857
25,7
9320
0017
0,32
418
5,80
114
4,57
944
,882
29,6
9616
0,05
653
,348
18,3
923,
218
68,5
228,
385
1,68
847
09,
602
8,92
91,
196
424
9,99
257
,894
22,2
9713
,705
66,4
864,
141
1,01
15,
933
298
5,94
725
,745
2001
160,
371
179,
151
134,
663
44,7
4326
,437
153,
422
50,8
5018
,718
2,71
766
,851
7,33
01,
851
350
8,83
07,
866
1,40
137
89,
363
54,1
0021
,584
12,9
0262
,782
4,41
01,
032
5,66
515
74,
424
25,7
2920
02r
159,
126
180,
656
134,
444
46,3
4724
,938
156,
529
51,8
7019
,664
2,71
268
,822
7,35
82,
359
324
9,39
38,
407
1,38
534
39,
464
53,8
0721
,599
13,8
1361
,593
4,38
11,
207
5,46
113
23,
171
24,1
2620
0315
5,25
018
1,49
113
1,20
348
,032
21,7
9215
7,44
450
,582
19,9
272,
614
67,8
957,
129
2,54
133
99,
331
8,22
91,
576
280
9,52
553
,276
22,4
9310
,961
64,8
084,
389
1,11
95,
002
377
2,59
624
,047
2004
160,
532
191,
482
136,
089
54,1
6023
,210
167,
038
53,7
6523
,158
2,67
174
,252
7,09
93,
743
416
10,4
268,
657
2,00
440
310
,259
54,2
1923
,366
11,7
6165
,824
4,38
91,
020
5,14
287
02,
818
24,4
4420
0516
1,96
019
2,80
913
7,35
754
,327
23,4
7716
8,20
754
,565
23,4
392,
764
75,2
406,
948
3,90
236
710
,483
8,65
02,
163
428
10,3
8555
,166
22,4
2112
,279
65,3
084,
389
1,58
34,
851
819
2,78
824
,602
2006
156,
936
184,
673
134,
587
51,3
0323
,566
162,
324
53,3
7121
,273
3,00
071
,644
6,47
93,
601
335
9,74
58,
484
2,12
651
210
,099
55,4
3222
,370
12,4
1865
,384
3,51
91,
316
4,76
261
62,
540
22,3
4820
0714
9,36
816
7,74
212
5,76
243
,814
25,4
3914
4,13
749
,425
17,0
362,
706
63,7
555,
969
2,85
238
08,
441
7,78
21,
809
475
9,11
550
,622
20,9
6513
,512
58,0
753,
597
939
4,92
221
43,
445
23,6
0620
0813
7,18
914
4,74
411
2,32
734
,570
27,0
1611
9,88
137
,798
11,7
532,
502
47,0
495,
105
1,98
542
86,
662
6,74
21,
240
449
7,53
450
,286
19,0
0014
,916
54,3
703,
674
494
4,40
598
4,31
724
,863
2009
125,
556
127,
043
99,4
3625
,953
24,4
6610
0,92
332
,634
8,40
42,
089
38,9
494,
373
1,57
632
05,
629
5,68
393
239
96,
215
45,1
8614
,749
13,8
4946
,086
3,75
123
54,
528
563,
281
26,1
2020
1013
1,44
513
0,21
210
4,06
827
,608
28,8
4010
2,83
531
,954
8,82
22,
833
37,9
444,
546
1,77
051
75,
799
5,63
383
437
46,
094
48,4
4915
,697
15,4
6048
,686
3,82
928
35,
716
200
3,94
127
,377
2011
136,
183
131,
364
107,
549
26,8
2631
,644
102,
730
35,1
808,
730
3,28
440
,627
4,50
91,
827
489
5,84
65,
618
691
332
5,97
847
,484
15,2
2616
,688
46,0
223,
906
261
6,81
591
4,03
628
,634
2012
140,
281
136,
935
110,
406
26,8
3830
,184
107,
060
36,5
449,
183
3,40
742
,320
4,61
91,
946
533
6,03
15,
552
710
322
5,94
048
,188
14,5
4815
,565
47,1
715,
145
397
6,06
755
4,29
029
,875
2013
145,
877
141,
167
114,
761
29,5
1834
,229
110,
050
39,4
2310
,575
3,80
846
,190
4,70
42,
250
510
6,44
45,
963
781
290
6,45
447
,701
15,4
91
19,0
37
44,1
556,
385
369
6,51
653
4,06
931
,116
2014
150,
315
148,
009
117,
957
31,6
2333
,928
115,
652
42,3
8311
,917
4,05
150
,249
4,53
82,
292
425
6,40
45,
981
1,23
624
06,
978
46,9
4315
,806
18,7
2444
,025
7,62
431
26,
247
604,
241
32,3
5820
1515
1,94
515
1,44
111
8,34
632
,552
33,0
5611
7,84
242
,810
13,0
563,
656
52,2
094,
489
2,65
036
56,
774
6,03
51,
282
195
7,12
345
,832
15,0
7318
,523
42,3
818,
864
407
5,10
184
5,21
633
,599
2016
154,
704
156,
702
119,
864
34,5
4932
,551
121,
862
43,3
2315
,040
3,94
354
,420
4,57
32,
794
399
6,96
86,
051
1,12
920
06,
980
45,9
4015
,122
18,1
3542
,927
10,1
0334
05,
482
124
4,39
334
,840
2017
158,
571
158,
590
122,
490
34,0
8534
,066
122,
509
44,5
8014
,413
4,37
454
,619
4,66
22,
964
445
7,18
25,
898
1,20
729
16,
814
45,7
7214
,947
18,7
2141
,998
11,3
4244
75,
529
106
4,70
636
,081
a Conv
ersi
on fa
ctor
s ta
ken
from
GTR
RM
-199
(53)
.h In
clud
es b
oth
wood
pul
p an
d th
e wo
od p
ulp
equi
vale
nt o
f pap
er a
nd b
oard
exc
ept h
ardb
oard
and
insu
latin
g bo
ard.
b U.S.
Dep
artm
ent o
f Agr
icul
ture
, For
est S
ervi
ce (4
7); P
ine
Chem
ical
s As
soci
atio
n (3
3); D
ata
may
not
add
to to
tals
bec
ause
of r
ound
ing;
i Incl
udes
pul
pwoo
d (e
xcep
t chi
ps),
wood
pul
p, a
nd th
e wo
od p
ulp
equi
vale
nt o
f pap
er a
nd b
oard
exc
ept h
ardb
oard
and
insu
latin
g bo
ard.
Data
for w
ood
pulp
hav
e be
en re
vise
d; a
ir-dr
y we
ight
con
tain
s 15
% m
oist
ure
cont
ent.
j Incl
udes
coo
pera
ge lo
gs, p
oles
and
pilin
g, fe
nce
post
s, h
ewn
ties,
roun
d m
ine
timbe
rs, b
ox b
olts
, exc
elsi
or b
olts
, c In
clud
es h
ardw
ood
and
softw
ood
palle
ts. P
alle
ts e
quat
e 20
% o
f lum
ber.
chem
ical
woo
d, s
hing
le b
olts
, and
mis
cella
neou
s ite
ms.
d In
clud
es h
ardw
ood
and
softw
ood
plyw
ood
and
lam
inat
ed v
enee
r lum
ber.
LVL
begi
ns in
198
0.k Do
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Research Paper FPL–RP–701
38
Table 9—U.S. annual industrial wood product production in thousands of short tons, product weight, 1965–2017a
Otherindustrialproducts,
Laminated Hardwood Lumber Medium-density Pulp productionSoftwood Oriented veneer plywood Softwood Hardwood made at Particleboard Hardboard fiberboard paper and con- Insulating
Year Total plywoodb strandboardb lumberb and veneerc lumberd lumberd pallet plantse productionf productiong productionf and boardh sumptioni boardj
1965 108,868 6,807 z z 1,345 28,599 15,929 171 1,059 913 105 43,465 9,240 1,2341966 113,194 7,140 z z 1,362 28,162 16,488 203 1,333 964 117 46,971 9,323 1,1311967 110,997 7,086 z z 1,257 27,503 15,712 204 1,510 949 130 46,969 8,498 1,1781968 116,505 8,036 z z 1,318 28,589 14,740 225 1,956 1,160 145 50,561 8,498 1,2761969 119,987 7,489 z z 1,227 27,669 14,727 262 2,365 1,327 161 53,530 9,900 1,3301970 119,523 7,842 z z 1,179 26,876 14,057 247 2,434 1,370 179 53,408 10,758 1,1731971 124,453 9,097 z z 1,263 29,326 14,254 270 3,317 1,633 198 53,753 9,933 1,4101972 130,569 10,021 z z 1,332 30,239 14,334 303 4,330 1,812 220 58,009 8,531 1,4391973 134,386 10,011 z z 1,186 30,836 14,837 363 4,866 1,891 245 60,548 8,168 1,4371974 126,340 8,683 z z 919 27,046 14,257 402 4,324 1,767 272 60,403 7,062 1,2051975 113,646 8,777 z z 690 26,112 12,325 312 3,520 1,775 302 52,393 6,353 1,0871976 128,233 10,084 z z 711 29,873 13,462 383 4,485 2,120 394 59,283 6,188 1,2511977 134,926 10,596 z z 779 31,923 14,343 462 5,019 2,411 620 61,149 6,353 1,2711978 139,305 10,918 z z 778 32,704 15,120 529 5,231 2,445 714 63,085 6,518 1,2621979 141,932 10,748 z z 755 32,509 15,706 580 4,748 2,402 713 65,873 6,683 1,2151980 134,084 8,932 84 53 681 27,530 15,452 505 4,148 1,919 693 66,217 6,848 1,0211981 129,344 9,161 169 70 641 24,797 12,622 494 4,035 1,908 726 66,931 7,013 7801982 124,212 8,666 348 70 909 23,222 13,494 447 3,365 1,746 627 63,483 7,178 6571983 141,762 10,653 838 88 971 29,020 14,794 505 4,231 2,282 849 69,352 7,343 8361984 150,006 10,897 1,276 88 988 30,434 17,027 591 4,494 2,137 892 72,742 7,508 9341985 148,775 11,030 1,668 123 881 30,577 16,196 650 4,684 1,969 963 71,459 7,673 9041986 160,772 12,096 2,196 140 912 34,435 17,680 721 5,067 1,819 1,098 75,964 7,838 8061987 170,449 12,523 2,548 158 1,000 37,415 19,006 797 5,212 1,705 1,264 79,830 8,168 8231988 174,787 12,359 2,878 193 1,019 37,224 19,813 876 5,385 1,599 1,320 82,847 8,415 8591989 175,777 11,695 3,191 210 1,011 36,653 20,345 943 5,425 1,624 1,364 83,257 9,158 9011990 176,550 11,440 3,386 280 1,009 34,941 20,792 996 5,352 1,570 1,336 85,307 9,273 8681991 171,867 10,200 3,508 280 982 32,373 18,847 1,005 5,304 1,530 1,347 86,546 9,092 8531992 179,502 10,572 4,158 298 934 33,706 19,276 1,046 5,597 1,648 1,499 90,885 9,016 8681993 180,831 10,563 4,376 368 992 32,165 20,620 960 5,964 1,640 1,633 92,154 8,532 8661994 185,905 10,740 4,679 403 1,182 33,297 20,900 863 6,387 1,627 1,759 96,595 6,617 8571995 185,630 10,591 4,939 490 1,209 31,467 21,337 768 5,906 1,541 1,557 98,582 6,386 8571996 186,758 10,490 5,821 560 1,171 32,476 21,074 660 6,270 1,650 1,752 98,334 5,643 8571997 193,114 9,824 6,584 665 1,229 33,844 21,386 733 6,372 1,407 1,948 102,822 5,445 8571998 191,746 9,721 7,017 718 1,288 33,853 21,480 744 6,459 1,344 1,970 101,262 5,033 8571999 196,307 9,743 7,258 838 1,323 35,736 21,814 735 6,773 1,371 1,987 102,955 4,917 8572000 193,159 9,557 7,441 833 1,487 35,110 21,259 735 6,756 1,182 2,093 100,900 4,950 8572001 182,836 8,269 7,833 935 1,381 33,760 19,970 735 5,760 1,038 1,946 95,080 5,273 8572002 185,987 8,313 8,391 982 1,376 34,979 19,828 735 6,207 912 2,280 95,890 5,238 8572003 182,803 8,042 8,509 1,181 1,343 35,738 17,709 735 5,603 1,345 2,261 94,232 5,247 8572004 191,271 8,020 8,919 1,510 1,327 38,147 18,662 735 6,053 1,212 2,457 98,124 5,247 8572005 191,576 7,837 9,366 1,586 1,311 38,825 18,829 735 5,781 1,358 2,588 97,256 5,247 8572006 189,022 7,343 9,350 1,402 1,188 37,806 18,586 735 5,702 1,209 2,610 98,025 4,208 8572007 182,854 6,695 9,227 1,185 1,162 34,323 17,901 735 4,982 1,035 2,656 97,795 4,300 8572008 162,841 5,598 8,127 823 1,115 28,484 11,453 735 4,101 911 2,400 93,844 4,392 8572009 143,476 4,708 5,999 516 1,040 22,688 11,794 735 3,085 696 2,350 84,524 4,485 8572010 148,254 4,994 6,437 649 985 24,213 9,550 735 3,216 849 2,000 89,193 4,577 8572011 150,092 4,911 6,274 667 1,017 26,119 11,053 735 3,221 771 2,053 87,744 4,670 8572012 153,236 5,021 6,899 807 1,051 27,585 11,028 735 3,220 688 2,053 87,141 6,151 8572013 158,986 5,111 7,808 936 1,074 29,270 12,385 735 3,264 781 2,429 86,703 7,633 8572014 162,840 4,914 8,130 1,050 1,051 30,742 14,040 735 3,358 791 2,344 85,713 9,115 8572015 164,503 4,786 8,302 1,075 1,112 31,267 13,966 735 3,417 785 2,355 85,249 10,596 8572016 166,440 4,817 8,701 1,138 1,188 31,762 14,013 735 3,298 840 2,446 84,567 12,078 8572017 169,850 4,936 9,131 1,272 1,188 33,083 14,020 735 3,171 843 2,383 84,670 13,560 857
aSources for recent production data (some earlier data are Forest Service estimates or from Dept. of Commerce).bAPA – The Engineered Wood Association (11).cDept. of Commerce (to 1988); 1989–1990 data from Hardwood Plywood & Veneer Association; later estimates based on trendsin value of shipments (Dept. of Commerce); hardwood veneer based on Census of Manufactures data and trend in value of shipments.d1965–1976 based on Commerce Department data and Forest Service estimates; 1976–1998 American Forest & Paper Association (AF&PA)Statistical Roundup (4) (1996 hardwood estimated by Forest Service; 1997–1998 hardwood estimate from Miller Freeman). Hardwood Market Report (19a): 2008–present.[Note that Commerce Dept. reported hardwood lumber production is understood to underestimate actual production as reflected in Forest Service estimates since 1900.]eForest Service estimate of lumber cut from roundwood at pallet plants. Other lumber (e.g., purchased lumber) used by pallet makers is accounted for under hardwood and softwood lumber production.fComposite Panel Association (based on production data 1959–1977, and 1995–1997; otherwise based on shipments; 1998 data are estimated) (15).gShipments data from American Hardboard Association (1965–1997) and as reported by Miller Freeman (1998); 1998 figure is estimated (8).hAF&PA, formerly API (Statistics of Paper, Paperboard & Woodpulp) (5). Paper and paperboard production includes "Total Paper", "Total Paperboard", and "Building Paper" production.Total production of pulp, paper and paperboard includes market pulp produced for export.iData through 1988 was obtained from U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics reports (USDA Forest Service). Miscellaneous wood product production for 1996 based on timber product output tables in (draft) 1997 RPA Inventory Data Tables; intervening and subsequent data are extrapolated.jDerived using earlier data from Commerce Department MA26A reports (in square feet of product output) to convert tonnage reported in AF&PA and earlier API reports.zNot Available.
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
39
Roundwood equivalents of production
Industrial wood productivity (industrial
wood product output per unit of roundwood input)
Total industrial wood product
production (from Table 9) Hardwoodsb Softwoodsc Totals
Recovered paper
utilization rate (percent)e
U.S. population
Per capita industrial
wood product production
Year lb/ft 3 Tons/ton Thousand tons Million ft 3 Million ft 3 Million ft 3Thousand
short tons dThousand
metric tons Millions lb/capita1965 19.28 0.6929 108,261 2,912 8,319 11,230 156,247 141,744 23.5% 194.3 1,1141966 19.52 0.7007 112,432 3,045 8,476 11,520 160,461 145,567 22.6% 196.6 1,1441967 19.44 0.6991 110,134 2,900 8,432 11,332 157,547 142,924 21.2% 198.7 1,1091968 19.54 0.7052 115,421 2,842 8,972 11,814 163,678 148,485 20.4% 200.7 1,1501969 19.85 0.7149 118,703 2,979 8,983 11,963 166,052 150,639 22.1% 202.7 1,1711970 18.24 0.6571 118,211 3,211 9,752 12,963 179,886 163,189 22.4% 205.1 1,1531971 19.94 0.7206 122,665 2,895 9,405 12,300 170,218 154,419 22.4% 207.7 1,1811972 20.40 0.7376 128,216 2,935 9,632 12,567 173,840 157,704 22.1% 209.9 1,2221973 20.59 0.7433 131,730 3,064 9,731 12,795 177,225 160,775 23.4% 211.9 1,2431974 20.08 0.7235 123,996 3,051 9,301 12,352 171,383 155,475 24.8% 213.9 1,1591975 19.76 0.7165 111,787 2,473 8,844 11,317 156,016 141,534 24.2% 216.0 1,0351976 20.80 0.7533 125,859 2,722 9,381 12,102 167,078 151,570 24.9% 218.0 1,1551977 21.12 0.7647 132,289 2,821 9,709 12,529 172,986 156,929 25.4% 220.2 1,2021978 21.12 0.7633 136,542 3,030 9,900 12,930 178,891 162,286 24.8% 222.6 1,2271979 21.09 0.7620 139,443 3,125 10,096 13,221 182,998 166,012 25.7% 225.1 1,2391980 21.85 0.7857 131,899 3,093 8,981 12,074 167,867 152,286 26.7% 227.7 1,1591981 22.22 0.8002 127,276 2,856 8,601 11,458 159,052 144,289 26.1% 230.0 1,1071982 21.66 0.7782 122,574 2,940 8,380 11,320 157,505 142,886 26.4% 232.2 1,0561983 21.72 0.7803 139,888 3,364 9,515 12,879 179,269 162,629 26.3% 234.3 1,1941984 22.16 0.7938 148,099 3,652 9,716 13,368 186,568 169,251 26.7% 236.3 1,2531985 21.92 0.7852 146,873 3,671 9,729 13,400 187,048 169,686 26.8% 238.5 1,2321986 21.69 0.7764 158,793 4,053 10,591 14,644 204,535 185,550 28.2% 240.7 1,3191987 21.90 0.7853 168,479 4,149 11,235 15,385 214,546 194,632 28.8% 242.8 1,3881988 22.13 0.7921 172,817 4,330 11,288 15,618 218,165 197,915 30.5% 245.0 1,4111989 22.12 0.7897 173,912 4,553 11,169 15,722 220,233 199,791 31.7% 247.3 1,4061990 22.44 0.8000 174,796 4,609 10,968 15,577 218,500 198,219 33.5% 249.9 1,3991991 22.41 0.7989 170,201 4,493 10,694 15,187 213,032 193,259 36.6% 252.7 1,3471992 23.39 0.8311 177,932 4,717 10,498 15,215 214,088 194,217 38.4% 255.4 1,3931993 24.02 0.8498 179,125 4,921 9,992 14,914 210,784 191,219 38.7% 258.1 1,3881994 24.28 0.8594 184,058 4,956 10,209 15,164 214,175 194,295 41.5% 260.7 1,4121995 23.83 0.8409 184,152 5,288 10,166 15,454 219,002 198,674 44.0% 263.0 1,4001996 24.17 0.8536 185,428 5,186 10,158 15,344 217,241 197,077 45.6% 265.5 1,3971997 24.51 0.8653 191,964 5,322 10,340 15,662 221,839 201,248 44.2% 267.9 1,4331998 24.48 0.8647 190,698 5,259 10,319 15,577 220,533 200,063 44.6% 270.3 1,4111999 25.34 0.8858 197,420 5,255 10,328 15,583 220,593 200,118 44.5% 273.2 1,4452000 25.01 0.8840 194,210 5,201 10,327 15,528 219,707 199,313 46.0% 282.1 1,3772001 24.96 0.8835 184,844 4,857 9,953 14,810 209,218 189,798 48.3% 284.8 1,2982002 25.49 0.8983 188,404 4,762 10,021 14,783 208,578 189,218 48.1% 287.5 1,3112003 24.75 0.8798 182,803 4,542 10,233 14,774 207,771 188,485 50.3% 291.1 1,2562004 26.89 0.9620 191,271 3,971 10,257 14,228 198,827 180,372 49.5% 294.0 1,3012005 26.55 0.9498 191,576 4,028 10,406 14,434 201,706 182,984 51.5% 296.7 1,2912006 26.76 0.9576 189,022 3,940 10,185 14,125 197,387 179,065 53.0% 289.8 1,3052007 26.66 0.9531 182,854 3,886 9,830 13,716 191,861 174,052 56.0% 301.7 1,2122008 27.12 0.9742 162,841 3,141 8,868 12,008 167,158 151,643 57.7% 304.5 1,0702009 26.98 0.9666 143,476 2,907 7,728 10,635 148,435 134,657 63.4% 307.2 9342010 26.94 0.9698 148,254 2,771 8,235 11,006 152,871 138,682 63.5% 309.8 9572011 25.91 0.9327 150,092 2,914 8,672 11,587 160,923 145,986 66.8% 312.0 9622012 25.44 0.9170 153,236 2,967 9,079 12,046 167,110 151,599 65.1% 314.3 9752013 25.34 0.9125 158,986 3,148 9,399 12,547 174,234 158,062 63.5% 316.6 1,0042014 25.14 0.9041 162,840 3,324 9,630 12,954 180,114 163,396 65.4% 318.9 1,0212015 25.07 0.9008 164,503 3,409 9,715 13,124 182,613 165,663 66.8% 321.3 1,0242016 24.97 0.8983 166,440 3,403 9,925 13,329 185,281 168,083 67.2% 323.7 1,0282017 24.90 0.8959 169,850 3,463 10,181 13,643 189,587 171,989 65.8% 325.9 1,042
aU.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Products Laboratory (21); American Forest & Paper Association (3).bThe average specific gravity for hardwood is 0.52.cThe average specific gravity for softwood is 0.42.dThe weight density of a cubic foot of water in pounds is 62.4. Example: ((0.52*62.4/2000)+(0.42*62.4/2000))*1000.eUtilization Rate is the ratio of recovered paper consumption to total production of paper and board.
Table 10—Industrial wood productivity, 1965–2017a
Research Paper FPL–RP–701
40
Table 11a—Per capita consumption of timber products, by major product, 1965–2017a
OtherAll Total industrial
Year products roundwood Plywood and veneer Pulp products productsb Fuelwood
Cubic Cubic Cubic Board feet Cubic Board feet Cubic Cubic Cubicfeet feet feet (lumber tally) feet (local log rule) feet Cords feet feet Cords
1965 68.5 63.2 35.6 193 5.9 27 18.9 0.2 2.9 5.3 0.0671966 69.2 63.9 35.0 190 6.1 28 19.9 0.2 2.9 5.3 0.0661967 66.7 61.3 33.6 183 5.9 27 19.2 0.2 2.6 5.4 0.0671968 68.9 63.4 34.4 187 6.8 31 19.8 0.2 2.6 5.5 0.0681969 69.5 64.1 33.4 182 6.3 29 21.4 0.3 3.0 5.4 0.0681970 73.8 67.6 35.9 196 6.4 30 22.1 0.3 3.2 6.2 0.0771971 70.9 65.0 34.7 189 7.4 34 20.0 0.3 2.9 5.9 0.0741972 72.2 66.1 36.2 197 8.1 37 19.4 0.2 2.5 6.1 0.0761973 71.8 66.1 36.3 197 7.7 35 19.8 0.2 2.3 5.7 0.0711974 68.5 62.4 32.9 179 6.3 29 21.2 0.3 2.0 6.2 0.0771975 61.2 55.4 30.7 167 6.2 29 16.7 0.2 1.8 5.8 0.0731976 65.3 59.7 32.2 175 7.2 33 18.6 0.2 1.7 5.7 0.0711977 69.7 63.2 35.8 195 7.6 35 18.1 0.2 1.7 6.5 0.0811978 73.9 65.5 36.9 201 7.8 36 19.1 0.2 1.8 8.3 0.1041979 74.7 64.8 35.4 193 7.3 34 20.3 0.3 1.8 9.9 0.1241980 68.6 57.0 29.6 161 5.8 27 19.8 0.2 1.8 11.6 0.1451981 66.5 54.3 27.2 148 5.7 26 19.5 0.2 1.8 12.2 0.1531982 68.2 53.0 27.0 147 5.6 26 18.5 0.2 1.9 15.2 0.1911983 75.5 61.0 32.6 178 6.9 32 19.6 0.2 1.9 14.5 0.1811984 79.4 64.1 34.8 189 6.9 32 20.5 0.3 1.9 15.3 0.1921985 79.2 64.7 35.1 191 6.9 32 20.7 0.3 1.9 14.5 0.1811986 83.1 68.5 37.0 201 7.3 34 22.2 0.3 2.0 14.7 0.1831987 82.7 70.6 38.6 210 7.5 35 22.5 0.3 2.0 12.1 0.1511988 80.4 68.5 36.8 200 7.1 33 22.6 0.3 2.1 11.8 0.1481989 79.1 67.6 36.9 201 5.9 27 22.5 0.3 2.2 11.5 0.1441990 76.4 64.8 34.1 186 5.6 26 22.8 0.3 2.2 11.6 0.1451991 76.3 61.9 32.5 177 5.0 23 22.2 0.3 2.2 14.4 0.1801992 73.6 62.4 32.9 179 5.0 23 22.3 0.3 2.1 11.2 0.1391993 72.2 62.8 33.4 182 5.0 23 22.3 0.3 2.0 9.5 0.1181994 72.3 63.9 34.6 188 5.1 23 22.7 0.3 1.5 8.4 0.1061995 73.1 64.9 34.0 185 5.0 23 24.4 0.3 1.5 8.2 0.1021996 71.2 64.0 34.6 188 4.9 22 23.2 0.3 1.3 7.2 0.0911997 71.3 64.9 35.2 191 4.6 21 24.0 0.3 1.2 6.3 0.0791998 72.1 66.1 35.7 194 4.7 22 24.5 0.3 1.1 6.0 0.0751999 71.9 66.0 36.6 199 4.8 22 23.5 0.3 1.1 5.9 0.0742000 69.7 63.9 35.1 191 4.6 21 23.2 0.3 1.1 5.7 0.0722001 67.6 61.9 34.1 185 4.3 20 22.4 0.3 1.1 5.7 0.0712002 67.3 62.0 34.8 189 4.4 20 21.7 0.3 1.1 5.3 0.0662003 67.8 62.6 34.2 186 4.3 20 22.9 0.3 1.1 5.2 0.0652004 66.8 61.6 37.1 202 4.7 22 18.6 0.2 1.1 5.2 0.0652005 67.1 61.9 37.3 203 4.7 22 18.8 0.2 1.1 5.2 0.0652006 65.7 60.8 36.3 198 4.5 21 19.2 0.2 0.9 4.9 0.0612007 58.9 54.0 30.8 168 3.7 17 18.5 0.2 0.9 4.9 0.0622008 49.2 44.0 22.8 124 2.9 13 17.5 0.2 0.9 5.1 0.0642009 42.5 37.1 18.3 100 2.4 11 15.5 0.2 0.9 5.4 0.0672010 43.0 37.4 18.1 98 2.5 11 15.9 0.2 0.9 5.6 0.0702011 44.0 38.2 19.1 104 2.5 11 15.7 0.2 0.9 5.8 0.0722012 45.8 39.8 19.8 108 2.5 12 16.2 0.2 1.2 6.0 0.0752013 47.4 41.2 21.4 117 2.7 12 15.6 0.2 1.5 6.2 0.0772014 49.5 43.1 23.1 126 2.7 12 15.6 0.2 1.7 6.4 0.0802015 50.6 44.0 23.9 130 2.8 13 15.3 0.2 2.0 6.6 0.0822016 52.2 45.4 24.8 135 2.9 13 15.4 0.2 2.3 6.8 0.0852017 52.4 45.5 24.8 135 3.0 14 15.2 0.2 2.5 7.0 0.087
aU.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service (48).Data may not add to totals because of rounding.bIncludes cooperage logs, poles and piling, fence posts, hewn ties, round mine timbers, box bolts, excelsior bolts, chemical wood, shingle bolts, and miscellaneous items.
Lumber
Industrial roundwood used for
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
41
Table 11b—Per capita consumption of timber products, by major product,1965–2017 (cubic meters)a
OtherAll Total Plywood Pulp industrial
Year products roundwood Lumber and veneer products productsb Fuelwood1965 1.940 1.789 1.007 0.166 0.534 0.082 0.1511966 1.958 1.808 0.991 0.172 0.564 0.081 0.1501967 1.888 1.736 0.950 0.167 0.545 0.073 0.1521968 1.951 1.796 0.973 0.191 0.559 0.073 0.1551969 1.968 1.814 0.947 0.178 0.605 0.084 0.1541970 2.089 1.914 1.018 0.182 0.625 0.090 0.1751971 2.009 1.840 0.982 0.209 0.567 0.082 0.1681972 2.044 1.873 1.024 0.229 0.549 0.070 0.1711973 2.032 1.872 1.027 0.218 0.561 0.066 0.1611974 1.940 1.766 0.931 0.179 0.600 0.057 0.1741975 1.733 1.568 0.869 0.175 0.472 0.050 0.1651976 1.850 1.690 0.912 0.203 0.526 0.049 0.1601977 1.974 1.790 1.013 0.215 0.512 0.050 0.1841978 2.092 1.855 1.045 0.220 0.540 0.050 0.2361979 2.116 1.835 1.002 0.207 0.575 0.051 0.2801980 1.943 1.614 0.838 0.164 0.560 0.052 0.3291981 1.883 1.536 0.770 0.163 0.551 0.052 0.3471982 1.932 1.501 0.765 0.159 0.523 0.053 0.4321983 2.139 1.729 0.924 0.196 0.555 0.054 0.4111984 2.248 1.814 0.985 0.195 0.580 0.055 0.4341985 2.242 1.832 0.995 0.196 0.585 0.055 0.4101986 2.354 1.938 1.049 0.206 0.628 0.056 0.4161987 2.342 2.000 1.093 0.213 0.637 0.058 0.3421988 2.276 1.941 1.042 0.200 0.640 0.059 0.3351989 2.240 1.914 1.045 0.168 0.637 0.064 0.3261990 2.165 1.836 0.966 0.160 0.646 0.064 0.3291991 2.161 1.754 0.921 0.141 0.630 0.062 0.4071992 2.083 1.767 0.931 0.143 0.633 0.061 0.3161993 2.045 1.777 0.946 0.142 0.632 0.057 0.2681994 2.049 1.809 0.979 0.144 0.643 0.044 0.2391995 2.069 1.838 0.963 0.142 0.691 0.042 0.2311996 2.016 1.811 0.980 0.138 0.657 0.036 0.2051997 2.018 1.839 0.996 0.129 0.679 0.035 0.1801998 2.043 1.872 1.012 0.134 0.694 0.032 0.1711999 2.036 1.868 1.037 0.135 0.665 0.031 0.1682000 1.973 1.810 0.993 0.129 0.658 0.030 0.1632001 1.913 1.752 0.964 0.122 0.634 0.032 0.1612002 1.906 1.756 0.986 0.124 0.615 0.031 0.1502003 1.919 1.771 0.969 0.122 0.650 0.031 0.1472004 1.893 1.744 1.052 0.134 0.528 0.031 0.1482005 1.900 1.752 1.056 0.134 0.532 0.030 0.1482006 1.860 1.723 1.029 0.126 0.542 0.025 0.1382007 1.668 1.528 0.873 0.105 0.525 0.024 0.1402008 1.393 1.247 0.646 0.082 0.494 0.025 0.1462009 1.203 1.051 0.519 0.067 0.439 0.025 0.1522010 1.216 1.059 0.512 0.069 0.452 0.025 0.1582011 1.245 1.081 0.540 0.069 0.446 0.026 0.1642012 1.296 1.127 0.562 0.072 0.459 0.034 0.1702013 1.341 1.166 0.607 0.076 0.441 0.041 0.1752014 1.401 1.220 0.654 0.076 0.441 0.049 0.1812015 1.432 1.246 0.676 0.079 0.434 0.057 0.1872016 1.478 1.286 0.704 0.081 0.437 0.064 0.1922017 1.485 1.287 0.703 0.084 0.429 0.071 0.198
aU.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service (34).Data may not add to totals because of rounding.bIncludes cooperage logs, poles and piling, fence posts, hewn ties, round mine timbers, box bolts, excelsior bolts, chemical wood, shingle bolts, and miscellaneous items.
Industrial roundwood used for
Research Paper FPL–RP–701
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Table 12—Consumption of selected timber products and other materials used in construction, manufacturing, and shipping, 1965–2017a
Lumber PlywoodTotal Softwoods Hardwoods Total Softwoods Hardwoods
Consump- Index Consump- Index Consump- Index Consump- Index Consump- Index Consump- IndexYear tion 2009=100 tion 2009=100 tion 2009=100 tion 2009=100 tion 2009=100 tion 2009=100
Billion Billion Billion Billion Billion Billionboard board board square feet square feet square feetfeet feet feet (3/8-in. basis) (3/8-in. basis) (3/8-in. basis)
1965 43.0 114.2 33.4 107.4 9.6 146.6 15.5 125.9 12.4 141.9 3.1 86.51966 42.8 113.6 32.8 105.3 10.0 152.8 16.3 132.5 13.0 148.7 3.3 93.01967 41.5 110.1 32.0 102.9 9.5 144.4 16.0 130.0 12.9 147.1 3.2 88.21968 43.0 114.1 34.0 109.4 9.0 136.5 18.5 150.3 14.6 167.3 3.9 108.61969 42.2 112.1 33.2 106.6 9.1 137.8 17.5 141.8 13.5 154.4 4.0 110.81970 40.7 108.1 32.2 103.5 8.5 130.0 18.0 146.2 14.2 162.6 3.8 105.91971 45.0 119.4 36.3 116.8 8.6 131.6 21.0 170.3 16.5 189.0 4.5 124.61972 47.5 126.0 38.8 124.6 8.7 132.5 23.3 188.8 18.1 206.9 5.2 144.41973 48.0 127.3 38.9 124.9 9.1 138.9 22.2 180.1 17.9 204.6 4.3 120.21974 41.7 110.6 33.0 105.9 8.7 132.4 18.3 148.6 15.3 175.3 3.0 83.31975 38.4 101.9 31.1 99.9 7.3 111.8 18.2 147.4 15.3 174.4 2.9 81.21976 44.1 117.0 36.0 115.9 8.0 122.2 21.1 171.2 17.7 202.7 3.4 94.01977 49.3 130.8 40.7 130.7 8.6 131.0 22.5 182.4 19.1 218.3 3.4 94.31978 51.5 136.6 42.6 136.8 8.9 136.0 23.4 189.7 19.7 225.4 3.6 102.01979 50.1 133.0 40.8 131.2 9.3 141.9 22.5 182.3 19.3 220.3 3.2 89.31980 42.8 113.5 33.8 108.7 9.0 136.4 18.2 147.6 16.0 182.8 2.2 61.51981 39.3 104.2 32.0 102.8 7.3 111.0 18.5 150.2 16.1 183.9 2.4 67.51982 39.1 103.8 31.3 100.6 7.8 119.1 18.6 151.0 15.4 176.0 3.2 89.91983 48.5 128.6 40.0 128.5 8.5 129.6 23.1 187.4 18.9 216.2 4.2 116.61984 52.7 140.0 42.9 137.7 9.9 150.6 23.6 191.1 19.6 224.0 3.9 110.51985 54.1 143.6 44.5 143.1 9.6 146.0 24.3 196.8 19.9 227.4 4.4 121.91986 57.9 153.8 47.6 153.1 10.3 157.2 26.1 211.5 21.6 246.5 4.5 125.91987 61.5 163.3 50.5 162.2 11.0 168.2 27.5 223.1 22.2 254.1 5.3 147.41988 59.3 157.3 48.4 155.5 10.9 165.7 26.4 214.2 21.7 247.9 4.7 131.81989 60.7 161.1 49.1 157.9 11.6 176.3 23.3 189.4 20.0 228.4 3.4 93.91990 56.7 150.3 44.9 144.4 11.7 178.7 22.4 181.6 19.3 221.1 3.0 84.91991 52.2 138.5 41.7 134.0 10.5 159.8 20.1 162.7 17.4 198.3 2.7 75.41992 55.9 148.4 45.1 145.1 10.8 163.7 20.8 168.5 17.9 205.0 2.8 79.31993 57.3 152.1 45.7 147.0 11.6 176.1 20.9 169.9 17.9 205.1 3.0 83.61994 60.0 159.2 48.3 155.1 11.8 178.9 21.7 175.9 18.5 211.1 3.2 89.61995 59.5 157.9 47.6 152.9 11.9 181.8 21.6 175.6 18.2 207.5 3.5 97.51996 61.3 162.6 49.5 159.1 11.8 179.2 21.2 172.4 18.0 205.9 3.2 90.31997 62.9 166.8 51.0 163.8 11.9 181.1 20.1 163.4 16.5 188.8 3.6 101.41998 64.5 171.0 52.2 167.9 12.2 186.0 21.2 172.0 17.2 196.4 4.0 112.11999 66.8 177.4 54.4 174.9 12.4 189.1 21.7 175.9 17.3 198.2 4.3 121.22000 66.1 175.4 54.0 173.6 12.1 184.1 21.7 176.3 17.1 196.0 4.6 128.12001 64.9 172.4 53.7 172.6 11.3 171.4 19.8 160.4 15.3 174.5 4.5 125.82002 67.1 178.1 55.8 179.5 11.3 171.5 20.8 168.7 15.7 179.0 5.1 143.42003 67.0 177.7 56.8 182.7 10.1 154.2 20.6 167.2 15.6 178.3 5.0 139.92004 73.5 195.1 62.8 201.7 10.8 164.0 22.5 182.8 16.2 185.1 6.3 177.32005 74.5 197.7 63.6 204.3 10.9 166.5 22.6 183.4 16.3 186.7 6.3 175.32006 70.9 188.2 60.6 194.7 10.3 157.5 21.0 170.1 14.9 169.7 6.1 171.02007 62.5 165.8 52.6 168.9 9.9 151.1 18.3 148.1 12.8 146.0 5.5 153.22008 46.9 124.4 40.7 130.7 6.2 94.4 14.6 118.2 10.4 118.6 4.2 117.52009 37.7 100.0 31.1 100.0 6.6 100.0 12.3 100.0 8.8 100.0 3.6 100.02010 37.8 100.3 32.9 105.8 4.9 74.3 12.7 102.8 8.8 100.3 3.9 109.12011 40.1 106.4 34.4 110.5 5.7 86.8 12.7 103.3 8.7 99.6 4.0 112.32012 42.1 111.6 36.5 117.4 5.5 84.1 13.1 106.2 8.8 100.2 4.3 120.82013 45.8 121.5 39.6 127.1 6.2 94.9 13.9 112.5 9.1 104.3 4.7 132.52014 49.6 131.6 42.5 136.6 7.1 108.2 13.7 111.2 8.9 102.1 4.8 133.72015 51.7 137.1 44.4 142.7 7.3 110.6 14.3 116.4 9.1 104.3 5.2 146.02016 54.3 144.1 47.3 151.9 7.1 107.3 14.8 119.8 9.6 109.5 5.2 145.32017 54.7 145.1 47.9 153.9 6.8 103.2 15.3 124.1 10.3 118.2 4.9 138.4
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
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Table 12—Consumption of selected timber products and other materials used in construction, manufacturing, and shipping, 1965–2017a—con. Particleboardb Insulating board Hardboard Portland cementc Bricke
Consump- Index Consump- Index Index Index Index IndexYear tion 2009=100 tion 2009=100 Shipments 2009=100 Shipments 2009=100 Shipments 2009=100 Shipments 2009=100
Million Million Millionsquare feet square feet square feet Thousand Thousand Million
(3/4-in. basis) (1/2-in. basis) (1/8-in. basis) tons tons bricks1965 832 17.8 3,395 137.4 2,921 131.2 70,328 89.2 11,836 122.6 8,089 225.61966 1,032 22.1 3,098 125.4 3,083 138.5 71,570 90.8 11,862 122.8 7,552 210.61967 1,166 25.0 3,233 130.9 3,038 136.5 70,315 89.2 11,375 117.8 7,117 198.51968 1,489 31.9 3,525 142.7 3,710 166.7 74,740 94.8 12,195 126.3 7,557 210.81969 1,794 38.4 3,656 148.0 4,247 190.8 77,047 97.8 11,402 118.1 7,290 203.31970 1,851 39.6 3,246 131.4 4,384 196.9 73,407 93.1 10,565 109.4 6,496 181.21971 2,488 53.3 3,889 157.4 5,225 234.7 79,005 100.2 8,666 89.7 7,570 211.11972 3,205 68.6 3,973 160.9 5,798 260.5 82,808 105.1 8,589 88.9 8,402 234.31973 3,574 76.5 3,975 160.9 6,050 271.8 88,459 112.2 10,731 111.1 8,674 241.91974 3,163 67.7 3,252 131.7 5,654 254.0 81,125 102.9 11,360 117.6 6,673 186.11975 2,650 56.7 2,919 118.2 5,681 255.2 69,078 87.6 8,119 84.1 6,262 174.61976 3,449 73.8 3,375 136.6 6,785 304.8 72,833 92.4 7,508 77.7 7,218 201.31977 4,105 87.9 3,485 141.1 7,714 346.6 78,730 99.9 7,553 78.2 8,663 241.61978 4,360 93.3 3,470 140.5 7,825 351.5 84,838 107.6 9,612 99.5 8,586 239.51979 4,020 86.1 3,399 137.6 7,688 345.4 84,860 107.7 9,978 103.3 7,708 215.01980 3,601 77.1 2,818 114.1 6,140 275.8 76,059 96.5 8,742 90.5 6,090 169.91981 3,522 75.4 2,118 85.7 6,105 274.3 71,901 91.2 8,446 87.5 5,059 141.11982 3,564 76.3 1,841 74.5 5,587 251.0 64,602 82.0 6,260 64.8 5,119 142.81983 4,560 97.6 2,398 97.1 7,303 328.1 70,849 89.9 6,276 65.0 6,218 173.41984 5,107 109.3 2,742 111.0 6,837 307.1 81,928 103.9 6,052 62.7 6,991 195.01985 5,292 113.3 2,724 110.3 6,300 283.0 84,779 107.6 6,407 66.3 6,605 184.21986 5,693 121.9 2,415 97.8 5,822 261.6 88,946 112.8 5,141 53.2 7,184 200.41987 6,042 129.3 2,388 96.7 5,458 245.2 90,458 114.8 5,619 58.2 7,601 212.01988 6,239 133.6 2,457 99.5 5,118 229.9 90,299 114.6 6,014 62.3 6,930 193.31989 4,920 105.3 2,621 106.1 5,196 233.4 89,081 113.0 7,041 72.9 7,494 209.01990 4,746 101.6 2,480 100.4 5,025 225.8 87,675 111.2 7,206 74.6 6,873 191.71991 4,654 99.6 2,332 94.4 4,895 219.9 78,058 99.0 7,112 73.6 5,975 166.61992 5,057 108.3 2,458 99.5 5,273 236.9 82,845 105.1 6,848 70.9 6,231 173.81993 5,656 121.1 2,435 98.6 5,248 235.8 86,388 109.6 6,755 69.9 6,655 185.61994 6,271 134.2 2,470 100.0 5,206 233.9 92,698 117.6 7,319 75.8 7,238 201.91995 5,828 124.8 2,470 100.0 4,930 221.5 93,392 118.5 6,988 72.4 6,665 185.91996 6,365 136.3 2,470 100.0 5,280 237.2 98,728 125.3 7,943 82.3 7,448 207.71997 6,691 143.2 2,470 100.0 4,501 202.2 99,812 126.6 7,546 78.1 7,576 211.31998 6,897 147.6 2,470 100.0 4,300 193.2 114,329 145.1 8,400 87.0 8,241 229.81999 7,315 156.6 2,470 100.0 4,386 197.0 120,024 152.3 8,800 91.1 8,932 249.12000 7,986 171.0 2,470 100.0 3,781 169.9 121,332 153.9 8,767 90.8 8,617 240.32001 7,224 154.6 2,470 100.0 3,322 149.2 124,736 158.3 9,188 95.1 7,955 221.92002r 7,200 154.1 2,470 100.0 2,919 131.1 121,279 153.9 8,869 91.8 8,110 226.22003 6,972 149.3 2,470 100.0 4,304 193.3 124,506 158.0 9,953 103.1 8,520 237.62004 7,608 162.9 2,470 100.0 3,880 174.3 133,110 168.9 10,011 103.7 9,389 261.92005r 7,322 156.7 2,470 100.0 4,347 195.3 140,420 178.2 9,208 95.4 9,419 262.72006 6,989 149.6 2,470 100.0 3,870 173.9 141,012 178.9 9,524 98.6 8,900 248.22007 6,345 135.8 2,470 100.0 3,312 148.8 127,261 161.5 10,150 105.1 7,237 201.82008 5,404 115.7 2,470 100.0 2,916 131.0 107,301 136.1 9,657 100.0 5,054 141.02009 4,671 100.0 2,470 100.0 2,226 100.0 78,819 100.0 9,657 100.0 3,586 100.02010 4,634 99.2 2,470 100.0 2,718 122.1 78,390 99.5 8,350 86.5 3,496 97.52011 4,676 100.1 2,470 100.0 2,466 110.8 80,827 102.5 7,379 76.4 z z
2012 4,808 102.9 2,470 100.0 2,201 98.9 79,951 101.4 z z z z
2013 5,367 114.9 2,470 100.0 2,500 112.3 83,187 105.5 z z z z
2014 7,189 153.9 2,470 100.0 2,532 113.7 90,070 114.3 z z z z
2015 7,341 157.1 2,470 100.0 2,513 112.9 93,276 118.3 z z z z
2016 6,593 141.1 2,471 100.0 2,688 120.7 95,179 120.8 z z z z
2017 6,549 140.2 2,470 100.0 2,698 121.2 96,900 122.9 z z z z
aAmerican Plywood Association (11,12,13); Composite Panel Association (15); U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Industrial Economics (76);Wood Technology (92); U.S. International Trade Commission (86,87). Hardwood Market Report (19a): 2008–present.bIncludes medium-density fiberboard.cU.S. Geological Survey (85).dAmerican Iron & Steel Institute (8). Construction, including maintenance; net shipments.eU.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census (57,58). rRevised zData no longer available.
Steel productsd
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Standard unitProduct of measure Volume Valueb Volume Valuec Volume Valuec
Million Million Million dollars dollars dollars
Logs:g,f,k Million board feet Softwoods 69.3 37.4 1,523.6 1,378.4 1,454.3 1,341.0 Hardwoods 83.4 24.5 365.8 854.1 282.3 829.6 Total 1,889.4 2,232.5 1,889.4 2,232.5Lumber:g,e,m Million board feet Softwoods 15,381.9 6,556.0 1,423.5 922.3 (13,958.4) (5,633.7) Hardwoods 354.4 485.1 1,884.6 2,640.0 1,530.2 2,154.9 Railroad tiesf 7.5 2.5 165.2 149.3 157.7 146.8 Total 15,743.9 7,043.6 3,473.4 3,711.6 (12,270.5) (3,332.0)Veneer: Million square feet Softwoodse,f 3/8" thickness 2,194.1 187.8 241.74 30.8 (1,952.4) (157.0) Hardwoodse,f,g 895.3 188.9 1,959.8 261.7 1,064.5 72.9 Total 3,089.5 376.7 2,201.5 292.6 (887.9) (84.1)Plywood:e,f Million square feet Softwoods 3/8" thickness 1,806.0 579.0 194.0 171.7 (1,612.0) (407.3) Hardwoods 3/8" thickness 3,338.4 1,772.9 202.8 91.5 (3,135.6) (1,681.4) Total 5,144.4 2,351.9 396.8 263.2 (4,747.6) (2,088.7)
Particleboarde Million square feet3/4" thickness 686.8 301.6 139.1 79.7 (547.7) (221.9)
Medium-density fiberboarde Million square feet3/4" thickness 2,309.8 994.3 258.7 124.1 (2,051.1) (870.2)
OSB/Waferboarde Million square feet3/8" thickness 2,720.5 1,429.8 78.0 53.2 (2,642.5) (1,376.6)
Hardboarde Million square feet1/8" thickness assumed 927.9 133.2 3,606.1 316.2 2,678.1 182.9
Pulpwood: Thousand cords Roundg,f z z z z z z
Chipsg z z z z z z
Total 39.0 4.3 59.3 11.9 20.3 7.6
Wood pulpg Thousand short tons 6,206.0 3,007.0 8,367.0 5,300.0 2,161.0 2,293.0
Paper and board:g,h Thousand short tons Newsprint 1,902.0 908.0 317.0 145.0 (1,585.0) (763.0) Printing and writing paper 4,455.0 3,154.0 1,837.0 1,635.0 (2,618.0) (1,519.0) Paperboard 2,586.0 1,988.0 8,924.0 6,051.0 6,338.0 4,063.0 Other paper and boardi 1,511.0 2,327.0 1,195.0 1,772.0 (316.0) (555.0) Converted products 2,696.0 7,298.0 2,847.0 6,144.0 151.0 (1,154.0) Total 10,454.0 8,377.0 12,273.0 9,603.0 1,819.0 1,226.0
Recovered paperg Thousand short tons 1,007.0 155.0 20,001.0 3,162.0 18,994.0 3,007.0
Other wood productsj 2,288.0 1,122.5 (1,165.6)
Total all productsk,f,l 26,462.5 26,272.4 (190.1)aImports for consumption.bCustoms value, which is generally defined as the price actually paid or payable for merchandise when sold for exportation to the U.S.,excluding U.S. import duties, freight, insurance, and other charges.cValue (free alongside ship) at U.S. ports of export, based on the transaction price, including inland freight, insurance, and other charges.dNegative amounts, given in parentheses, indicate imports exceed exports.eU.S. Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service (44).fU.S. International Trade Commission (86,87). gAmerican Forest and Paper Association (3,4,5).hIncludes wet machine board and converted paper and paperboard products.iIncludes tissue, packaging and industrial papers, wet machine board and construction paper and board.jIncludes poles and piling, fuelwood, wood charcoal, cork, wood containers, wood doors, and other miscellaneous products.Does not include wood furniture or printed material.kIncludes Pulpwood Logs.lData may not add to totals because of rounding.mWestern Wood Products Association (88,89).zNot available.
Table 13—Volume and value of imports and exports of timber products by product, 2017Importsa Exports Trade balanced
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
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Table 14—Value of imports and exports of all commoditiesa and timber products,b 1965–2017
Propor- Propor-Year tione tione
Million Million Million Million Million Million Million Million current 2009 current 2009 current 2009 current 2009
dollars dollars f dollars dollars Percent dollars dollars dollars dollars Percent1965 21,285 117,144 1,977 10,881 9.3 27,135 149,340 917 5,047 3.41966 25,360 135,688 2,165 11,584 8.5 29,884 159,893 1,024 5,479 3.41967 26,733 138,801 2,087 10,836 7.8 31,142 161,693 1,150 5,971 3.71968 32,970 164,030 2,446 12,169 7.4 33,953 168,920 1,362 6,776 4.01969 35,863 170,209 2,734 12,976 7.6 37,462 177,798 1,509 7,162 4.01970 39,756 179,162 2,546 11,474 6.4 42,590 191,933 1,816 8,184 4.31971 45,516 194,929 2,937 12,578 6.5 43,492 186,261 1,692 7,246 3.91972 55,290 226,784 3,632 14,897 6.6 48,887 200,521 2,038.0 8,359 4.21973 69,024 267,846 4,468 17,338 6.5 70,246 272,588 3,006.0 11,665 4.31974 100,140 357,643 4,778 17,064 4.8 97,144 346,943 4,165.0 14,875 4.31975 96,477 315,491 4,141 13,542 4.3 106,102 346,965 4,088.0 13,368 3.91976 121,121 373,715 5,590 17,248 4.6 113,319 349,642 4,695.0 14,486 4.11977 147,976 428,419 6,720 19,456 4.5 117,926 341,419 4,664.0 13,503 4.01978 172,912 468,216 8,028 21,738 4.6 141,126 382,145 4,963.0 13,439 3.51979 205,850 515,656 9,181 22,998 4.5 178,591 447,372 6,854.0 17,169 3.81980 239,943 551,974 8,648 19,894 3.6 216,592 498,256 8,516.0 19,591 3.91981 259,012 545,288 9,042 19,036 3.5 228,961 482,023 7,925.0 16,684 3.51982 242,340 481,024 8,382 16,638 3.5 207,158 411,191 7,151.0 14,194 3.51983 256,680 489,380 10,067 19,194 3.9 195,969 373,630 7,044.0 13,430 3.61984 322,949 593,765 12,235 22,495 3.8 212,056 389,880 7,210.0 13,256 3.41985 343,067 611,637 12,539 22,355 3.7 206,926 368,918 6,699.0 11,943 3.21986 368,251 642,560 13,271 23,157 3.6 206,628 360,544 7,692.0 13,422 3.71987 402,084 681,845 15,268 25,891 3.8 244,417 414,477 9,940.0 16,856 4.11988 437,475 717,760 16,749 27,480 3.8 310,333 509,160 12,782.0 20,971 4.11989 477,400 754,186 19,106 30,183 4.0 362,100 572,038 17,224.0 27,210 4.81990 498,300 757,525 18,806 28,589 3.8 389,300 591,821 18,542.0 28,188 4.81991 491,000 722,909 17,100 25,177 3.5 416,900 613,810 19,500.0 28,710 4.71992 536,500 771,166 18,700 26,879 3.5 440,400 633,031 20,700.0 29,754 4.71993 589,400 827,344 18,874 26,494 3.2 456,800 641,213 16,889.0 23,707 3.71994 668,600 919,291 17,117 23,535 2.6 502,400 690,774 15,320.3 21,065 3.01995 749,600 1,008,747 19,023 25,600 2.5 575,800 774,862 17,582.0 23,660 3.11996 803,300 1,061,162 21,264 28,090 2.6 612,000 808,454 18,315.0 24,194 3.01997 877,300 1,135,958 27,375 35,446 3.1 679,300 879,580 21,386.0 27,691 3.11998 918,800 1,175,237 28,684 36,689 3.1 670,600 857,764 19,261.1 24,637 2.91999 1,030,400 1,299,369 32,263 40,685 3.1 683,200 861,538 19,483.0 24,569 2.92000 1,224,400 1,512,165 34,300 42,362 2.8 772,000 953,440 21,760.2 26,874 2.82001 1,145,900 1,382,435 32,250 38,907 2.8 718,800 867,173 18,930.6 22,838 2.62002 1,166,900 1,392,150 32,348 38,592 2.8 682,600 814,364 18,738.6 22,356 2.72003 1,260,700 1,504,056 33,644 40,138 2.7 713,400 851,110 19,230.3 22,942 2.72004 1,488,300 1,669,808 42,042 47,169 2.8 807,500 905,980 21,136.0 23,714 2.62005 1,695,800 1,843,461 43,914 47,738 2.6 892,600 970,323 22,727.7 24,707 2.52006 1,878,200 1,980,806 42,860 45,202 2.3 1,039,400 1,096,182 24,700.3 26,050 2.42007 1,986,300 2,040,789 31,117.2 31,971 1.6 1,163,600 1,195,520 44,597.1 45,821 3.82008 2,141,300 2,157,699 27,960.8 28,175 1.3 1,307,300 1,317,312 26,082.3 26,282 2.02009 1,580,000 1,580,000 19,148.9 19,149 1.2 1,069,500 1,069,500 22,547.3 22,547 2.12010 1,939,000 1,918,472 21,456.0 21,229 1.1 1,288,800 1,275,156 27,205.0 26,917 2.12011 2,240,000 2,170,543 22,119.6 21,434 1.0 1,495,900 1,449,516 29,815.3 28,891 2.02012 2,302,700 2,193,048 22,119.6 21,066 1.0 1,561,200 1,486,857 29,815.3 28,396 1.92013 2,294,200 2,149,536 23,546.8 22,062 1.0 1,589,700 1,489,459 29,369.1 27,517 1.82014 2,385,500 2,203,288 27,276.6 25,193 1.1 1,634,000 1,509,190 31,131.0 28,753 1.92015 2,272,600 2,065,775 33,409.8 30,369 1.5 1,510,800 1,373,305 32,422.5 29,472 2.12016 2,208,200 1,981,942 25,400.4 22,798 1.2 1,455,700 1,306,545 24,389.4 21,890 1.72017 2,361,500 2,081,956 26,462.5 23,330 1.1 1,551,400 1,367,752 26,272.4 23,162 1.7
aU.S. Council of Economic Advisors (42).bU.S. International Trade Commission; American Forest & Paper Association.cImports for consumption. Customs value, which is generally defined as the price actually paid or payable for merchandise when sold for exportation to the United States, excluding U.S. import duties, freight, insurance, and other charges.dValue (free alongside ship) at U.S. ports of export, based on the transaction price, including inland freight, insurance, and other charges.eTimber products as a percentage of all commodities.fConverted to 1997 dollars by dividing current dollars by the implicit deflators for gross domestic productfor imports and exports.
ExportsdImportsc
Timber productsTotalAll commodities
Timber productsTotalAll commodities
Research Paper FPL–RP–701
46
Table 15—Foreign exchange rates by selected country and year, 1975–2017a
Country Currency 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1990 1985 1980 1975
North AmericaCanada Dollar 1.2984 1.3243 1.2791 1.1043 1.0300 0.9995 0.9887 1.0298 1.1412 1.066 1.0734 1.134 1.2115 1.3017 1.4008 1.5704 1.5487 1.4855 1.4858 1.4836 1.3849 1.3638 1.3725 1.3664 1.2902 1.1668 1.3658 1.1693 1.0173
AsiaChina, PR Yuan 6.7569 6.6400 6.2827 6.162 6.1478 6.3093 6.463 6.7696 6.8307 6.9477 7.6058 7.9723 8.1936 8.2768 8.277 8.277 8.277 8.2784 8.2781 8.3008 8.3193 8.3389 8.37 8.6404 5.7795 4.7921 2.9434 z z
Hong Kong Dollar 7.7926 7.7620 7.7524 7.7545 7.7565 7.7569 7.7841 7.7687 7.7514 7.7862 7.8016 7.7681 7.7775 7.7891 7.7875 7.7997 7.7997 7.7924 7.7594 7.7467 7.7431 7.7345 7.7357 7.729 7.7357 7.7899 7.7911 z z
India Rupee 65.0700 67.1600 64.1100 61.01 58.51 53.37 46.58 45.65 48.33 43.39 41.18 45.19 44 45.26 46.59 48.63 47.22 45.00 43.13 41.36 36.365 35.506 32.418 31.394 31.291 17.492 12.332 7.8866 8.3854Japan Yen 112.1000 108.6600 121.0500 105.74 97.60 79.82 79.70 87.78 93.68 103.39 117.76 116.31 110.11 108.15 115.94 125.22 121.57 107.8 113.73 130.99 121.06 108.78 93.96 102.18 111.08 145 238.47 226.63 296.69Malaysia Ringgit 4.2982 4.1372 3.9041 3.2697 3.1488 3.0862 3.0564 3.2175 3.5231 3.3292 3.4354 3.6661 3.7869 3.8 3.8000 3.8000 3.8000 3.8000 3.8000 3.9254 2.8173 2.5154 2.5073 2.6237 2.5738 2.7057 2.4806 2.1767 2.395Singapore Dollar 1.3802 1.3800 1.3746 1.2665 1.2511 1.2492 1.2565 1.3629 1.4543 1.414 1.5065 1.5882 1.6639 1.6902 1.743 1.791 1.793 1.7250 1.6951 1.6722 1.4857 1.41 1.4171 1.5275 1.6158 1.8134 2.2008 z z
South Korea Won 1129.0400 1159.3400 1130.9600 1052.29 1094.67 1126.16 1106.94 1155.74 1274.63 1098.71 928.97 954.32 1023.75 1145.24 1192.08 1250.31 1292.01 1,130.90 1,189.84 950.77 950.77 805 772.69 806.93 805.75 710.64 861.89 z z
Sri Lanka Rupee 152.4350 145.7350 135.8690 130.536 129.046 127.539 110.469 112.99 114.909 108.298 110.62 103.94 100.383 101.268 96.541 95.773 89.602 76.964 70.868 59.026 59.026 55.289 51.047 49.17 48.211 40.078 27.187 16.167 6.95Taiwan Dollar 30.4020 32.2260 31.7440 30.299 29.680 29.558 29.382 31.498 33.02 31.521 32.852 32.506 32.131 33.372 34.405 34.536 33.824 31.260 32.322 33.547 28.775 27.468 26.495 26.465 26.416 26.918 39.889 z z
Thailand Baht 33.9130 35.2640 34.2410 32.461 30.696 31.055 30.462 31.7 34.31 32.962 32.203 37.876 40.252 40.271 41.556 43.019 44.532 40.210 37.887 41.262 31.072 25.359 24.921 25.161 25.333 25.609 27.193 z z
AfricaSouth Africa Rand 13.2943 14.6821 12.7645 10.842 9.6436 8.2014 7.251 7.3161 8.4117 8.248 7.0477 6.7668 6.3606 6.4402 7.5550 10.5176 8.6093 6.9468 6.1191 5.5417 4.6072 4.3011 3.6284 3.5526 3.2729 2.5885 2.2343 0.778 0.7328
EuropeAustria Schilling 15.5509 15.2357 15.2688 18.29746982 18.27545286 17.69475554 19.16989186 18.24753383 19.1750 20.263 18.867 17.287 17.130 17.115 15.578 13.009 12.318 12.704 14.659 12.379 12.206 10.589 10.076 11.409 11.639 11.331 20.676 12.945 17.401Belgium Franc 45.5881 44.6643 44.7612 53.63996503 53.57542119 51.87307741 56.19751469 53.5731139 56.2137 59.405 55.310 50.679 50.219 50.175 45.669 38.137 36.112 37.242 42.974 36.31 35.807 30.968 29.472 33.426 34.581 33.424 59.336 29.237 36.694Denmark Krone 6.5957 6.7276 6.7263 5.6151 5.617 5.7922 5.3535 5.6266 5.3574 5.0885 5.4413 5.9422 5.9953 5.9891 6.5774 7.8862 8.3323 8.0953 6.9900 6.703 6.6092 5.8003 5.5999 6.3561 6.4863 6.1899 10.598 5.6345 5.7351European Union Euro 1.1301 1.1072 1.1096 1.3297 1.3281 1.2859 1.3931 1.3261 1.3935 1.4726 1.3711 1.2563 1.2449 1.2438 1.1321 0.9454 0.8952 0.9232 1.0653 z z z z z z z z z z
Finland Markka 6.7193 6.5831 6.5974 7.906037181 7.896524013 7.645614207 8.282996463 7.884632553 8.2854 8.7557 8.1522 7.4696 7.4018 7.3953 6.7312 5.6211 5.3226 5.4891 6.3340 5.3473 5.1956 4.5948 4.3763 5.234 5.7251 3.83 6.1971 3.7206 3.6651France Franc 7.4130 7.2628 7.2785 8.722260229 8.711764917 8.434951063 9.138136967 8.698645777 9.1408 9.6596 8.9938 8.2408 8.1660 8.1588 7.4261 6.2014 5.8721 6.0558 6.9879 5.8995 5.8393 5.1158 4.9864 5.5459 5.6669 5.4467 8.9799 4.225 4.2819Germany Deutsche mark 2.2103 2.1655 2.1702 2.600667151 2.597537823 2.515001797 2.724666773 2.593626163 2.7254 2.8802 2.6816 2.4571 2.4348 2.4327 2.2142 1.8490 1.7509 1.8056 2.0835 1.7597 1.7348 1.5049 1.4321 1.6216 1.6545 1.6166 2.9419 1.8175 2.4553Greece Drachma z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z 365.92 306.30 295.7 273.28 240.82 231.68 242.5 229.64 158.59 138.4 z z
Ireland Poundb 0.8900 0.8720 0.8739 1.047223851 1.045963748 1.012728548 1.097155408 1.04438862 1.0975 1.1598 1.0798 0.9894 0.9804 0.9796 0.8916 0.7446 0.7050 0.7271 0.8390 142.48 151.63 159.95 160.35 149.69 146.47 165.76 106.62 205.77 222.16Italy Lira 2218.6914 2173.7325 2178.4444 2610.560119 2607.418887 2524.568893 2735.031437 2603.492347 2,698.19 2,851.35 2,654.82 2,432.54 2,410.46 2,408.33 2,192.05 1,830.55 1,733.35 1,787.56 2,062.71 1736.85 1703.81 1542.76 1629.45 1,611.49 1,573.41 1,198.27 1,908.90 856.2 652.4Netherlands Guilder 2.4904 2.4399 2.4452 2.930273187 2.926747251 2.833750689 3.069988401 2.922339831 3.0709 3.2452 3.0215 2.7685 2.7434 2.7410 2.4948 2.0834 1.9728 2.0345 2.3476 1.9837 1.9525 1.6863 1.6044 1.819 1.8585 1.8215 3.3184 1.9875 2.5232Norway Krone 8.2679 8.3936 8.0681 6.2969 5.8772 5.8181 5.6022 6.0451 6.2908 5.6365 5.8557 6.4095 6.4412 6.7399 7.0803 7.9839 8.9964 8.8131 7.8017 7.5521 7.0857 6.4594 6.3355 7.0553 7.1009 6.2541 8.5933 4.9381 5.2137Portugal Escudo 226.5647 221.9737 222.4548 266.5809154 266.2601442 257.7998038 279.2914742 265.8591802 279.37 295.23 274.88 251.87 249.58 249.36 226.97 189.54 179.47 185.08 213.57 180.25 175.44 154.28 149.88 165.93 161.08 142.7 172.07 50.082 25.454Spain Peseta 188.0328 184.2226 184.6219 221.2434642 220.9772466 213.9557574 231.7923366 220.6444746 231.86 245.02 228.13 209.03 207.13 206.95 188.37 157.30 148.95 153.61 177.25 149.41 146.53 124.64 126.68 133.88 127.48 101.96 169.98 71.758 57.393Sweden Krona 8.5430 8.5541 8.4350 6.8576 6.5124 6.7721 6.4878 7.2053 7.6539 6.5846 6.755 7.3718 7.471 7.348 8.0787 9.7233 10.3425 9.1735 8.2740 7.9522 7.6446 6.7082 7.1406 7.7161 7.7956 5.9231 8.6031 4.2309 4.1424Switzerland Franc 0.9842 0.9848 0.9628 0.9147 0.9269 0.9377 0.8862 1.0432 1.0860 1.0816 1.1999 1.2532 1.2459 1.2428 1.3450 1.5567 1.6891 1.6904 1.5045 1.4506 1.4514 1.2361 1.1812 1.3667 1.4781 1.3901 2.4551 1.6772 2.5811United Kingdom Poundb 1.2890 1.3555 1.5284 1.6484 1.5642 1.5853 1.6043 1.5452 1.5661 185.45 200.2 184.34 182.04 183.3 163.47 150.25 143.96 151.56 161.72 165.73 163.76 156.07 157.85 153.19 150.16 178.41 129.74 232.58 222.16
OtherAustralia Dollarb 0.7671 0.7445 0.7522 0.9034 0.9392 1.0359 1.0332 0.92 0.7927 85.37 83.91 75.35 76.27 73.65 65.24 54.37 51.69 58.15 64.54 62.91 74.368 78.283 74.073 73.161 67.993 78.069 70.026 114 130.77New Zealand Dollarb 0.7111 0.6976 0.7001 0.8313 0.8803 0.8105 0.792 0.7216 0.6358 71.51 73.65 64.92 70.49 66.43 58.22 46.45 42.02 45.68 52.94 53.61 66.247 68.765 65.625 59.358 54.127 59.619 49.752 97.34 121.16
IndexUnited States Dollarc,d 91.0800 91.5800 90.9700 78.37 75.93 73.50 70.88 75.39 77.69 74.42 77.84 82.46 83.78 85.37 93 103.09 104.32 98.32 94.07 98.85 96.38 87.34 84.25 91.32 93.18 89.09 143.01 87.39 98.5
aU.S. Federal Reserve System, Board of Governors (83,84).bValue in U.S. cents.cIndex of weighted-average exchange value of U.S. dollar against the currencies of ten industrial countries.The weight for each of the ten countries is the 1972–1976 average world trade of that country divided by the average world trade of all ten countries combined. Series revised as of August 1978.dData prior to 1999 were reported using the G-10 index. Data for 1999 and later are reported using the major currency scale.zNot Available
Foreign currency units per U.S. dollar
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
47
Table 15—Foreign exchange rates by selected country and year, 1975–2017a
Country Currency 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1990 1985 1980 1975
North AmericaCanada Dollar 1.2984 1.3243 1.2791 1.1043 1.0300 0.9995 0.9887 1.0298 1.1412 1.066 1.0734 1.134 1.2115 1.3017 1.4008 1.5704 1.5487 1.4855 1.4858 1.4836 1.3849 1.3638 1.3725 1.3664 1.2902 1.1668 1.3658 1.1693 1.0173
AsiaChina, PR Yuan 6.7569 6.6400 6.2827 6.162 6.1478 6.3093 6.463 6.7696 6.8307 6.9477 7.6058 7.9723 8.1936 8.2768 8.277 8.277 8.277 8.2784 8.2781 8.3008 8.3193 8.3389 8.37 8.6404 5.7795 4.7921 2.9434 z z
Hong Kong Dollar 7.7926 7.7620 7.7524 7.7545 7.7565 7.7569 7.7841 7.7687 7.7514 7.7862 7.8016 7.7681 7.7775 7.7891 7.7875 7.7997 7.7997 7.7924 7.7594 7.7467 7.7431 7.7345 7.7357 7.729 7.7357 7.7899 7.7911 z z
India Rupee 65.0700 67.1600 64.1100 61.01 58.51 53.37 46.58 45.65 48.33 43.39 41.18 45.19 44 45.26 46.59 48.63 47.22 45.00 43.13 41.36 36.365 35.506 32.418 31.394 31.291 17.492 12.332 7.8866 8.3854Japan Yen 112.1000 108.6600 121.0500 105.74 97.60 79.82 79.70 87.78 93.68 103.39 117.76 116.31 110.11 108.15 115.94 125.22 121.57 107.8 113.73 130.99 121.06 108.78 93.96 102.18 111.08 145 238.47 226.63 296.69Malaysia Ringgit 4.2982 4.1372 3.9041 3.2697 3.1488 3.0862 3.0564 3.2175 3.5231 3.3292 3.4354 3.6661 3.7869 3.8 3.8000 3.8000 3.8000 3.8000 3.8000 3.9254 2.8173 2.5154 2.5073 2.6237 2.5738 2.7057 2.4806 2.1767 2.395Singapore Dollar 1.3802 1.3800 1.3746 1.2665 1.2511 1.2492 1.2565 1.3629 1.4543 1.414 1.5065 1.5882 1.6639 1.6902 1.743 1.791 1.793 1.7250 1.6951 1.6722 1.4857 1.41 1.4171 1.5275 1.6158 1.8134 2.2008 z z
South Korea Won 1129.0400 1159.3400 1130.9600 1052.29 1094.67 1126.16 1106.94 1155.74 1274.63 1098.71 928.97 954.32 1023.75 1145.24 1192.08 1250.31 1292.01 1,130.90 1,189.84 950.77 950.77 805 772.69 806.93 805.75 710.64 861.89 z z
Sri Lanka Rupee 152.4350 145.7350 135.8690 130.536 129.046 127.539 110.469 112.99 114.909 108.298 110.62 103.94 100.383 101.268 96.541 95.773 89.602 76.964 70.868 59.026 59.026 55.289 51.047 49.17 48.211 40.078 27.187 16.167 6.95Taiwan Dollar 30.4020 32.2260 31.7440 30.299 29.680 29.558 29.382 31.498 33.02 31.521 32.852 32.506 32.131 33.372 34.405 34.536 33.824 31.260 32.322 33.547 28.775 27.468 26.495 26.465 26.416 26.918 39.889 z z
Thailand Baht 33.9130 35.2640 34.2410 32.461 30.696 31.055 30.462 31.7 34.31 32.962 32.203 37.876 40.252 40.271 41.556 43.019 44.532 40.210 37.887 41.262 31.072 25.359 24.921 25.161 25.333 25.609 27.193 z z
AfricaSouth Africa Rand 13.2943 14.6821 12.7645 10.842 9.6436 8.2014 7.251 7.3161 8.4117 8.248 7.0477 6.7668 6.3606 6.4402 7.5550 10.5176 8.6093 6.9468 6.1191 5.5417 4.6072 4.3011 3.6284 3.5526 3.2729 2.5885 2.2343 0.778 0.7328
EuropeAustria Schilling 15.5509 15.2357 15.2688 18.29746982 18.27545286 17.69475554 19.16989186 18.24753383 19.1750 20.263 18.867 17.287 17.130 17.115 15.578 13.009 12.318 12.704 14.659 12.379 12.206 10.589 10.076 11.409 11.639 11.331 20.676 12.945 17.401Belgium Franc 45.5881 44.6643 44.7612 53.63996503 53.57542119 51.87307741 56.19751469 53.5731139 56.2137 59.405 55.310 50.679 50.219 50.175 45.669 38.137 36.112 37.242 42.974 36.31 35.807 30.968 29.472 33.426 34.581 33.424 59.336 29.237 36.694Denmark Krone 6.5957 6.7276 6.7263 5.6151 5.617 5.7922 5.3535 5.6266 5.3574 5.0885 5.4413 5.9422 5.9953 5.9891 6.5774 7.8862 8.3323 8.0953 6.9900 6.703 6.6092 5.8003 5.5999 6.3561 6.4863 6.1899 10.598 5.6345 5.7351European Union Euro 1.1301 1.1072 1.1096 1.3297 1.3281 1.2859 1.3931 1.3261 1.3935 1.4726 1.3711 1.2563 1.2449 1.2438 1.1321 0.9454 0.8952 0.9232 1.0653 z z z z z z z z z z
Finland Markka 6.7193 6.5831 6.5974 7.906037181 7.896524013 7.645614207 8.282996463 7.884632553 8.2854 8.7557 8.1522 7.4696 7.4018 7.3953 6.7312 5.6211 5.3226 5.4891 6.3340 5.3473 5.1956 4.5948 4.3763 5.234 5.7251 3.83 6.1971 3.7206 3.6651France Franc 7.4130 7.2628 7.2785 8.722260229 8.711764917 8.434951063 9.138136967 8.698645777 9.1408 9.6596 8.9938 8.2408 8.1660 8.1588 7.4261 6.2014 5.8721 6.0558 6.9879 5.8995 5.8393 5.1158 4.9864 5.5459 5.6669 5.4467 8.9799 4.225 4.2819Germany Deutsche mark 2.2103 2.1655 2.1702 2.600667151 2.597537823 2.515001797 2.724666773 2.593626163 2.7254 2.8802 2.6816 2.4571 2.4348 2.4327 2.2142 1.8490 1.7509 1.8056 2.0835 1.7597 1.7348 1.5049 1.4321 1.6216 1.6545 1.6166 2.9419 1.8175 2.4553Greece Drachma z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z 365.92 306.30 295.7 273.28 240.82 231.68 242.5 229.64 158.59 138.4 z z
Ireland Poundb 0.8900 0.8720 0.8739 1.047223851 1.045963748 1.012728548 1.097155408 1.04438862 1.0975 1.1598 1.0798 0.9894 0.9804 0.9796 0.8916 0.7446 0.7050 0.7271 0.8390 142.48 151.63 159.95 160.35 149.69 146.47 165.76 106.62 205.77 222.16Italy Lira 2218.6914 2173.7325 2178.4444 2610.560119 2607.418887 2524.568893 2735.031437 2603.492347 2,698.19 2,851.35 2,654.82 2,432.54 2,410.46 2,408.33 2,192.05 1,830.55 1,733.35 1,787.56 2,062.71 1736.85 1703.81 1542.76 1629.45 1,611.49 1,573.41 1,198.27 1,908.90 856.2 652.4Netherlands Guilder 2.4904 2.4399 2.4452 2.930273187 2.926747251 2.833750689 3.069988401 2.922339831 3.0709 3.2452 3.0215 2.7685 2.7434 2.7410 2.4948 2.0834 1.9728 2.0345 2.3476 1.9837 1.9525 1.6863 1.6044 1.819 1.8585 1.8215 3.3184 1.9875 2.5232Norway Krone 8.2679 8.3936 8.0681 6.2969 5.8772 5.8181 5.6022 6.0451 6.2908 5.6365 5.8557 6.4095 6.4412 6.7399 7.0803 7.9839 8.9964 8.8131 7.8017 7.5521 7.0857 6.4594 6.3355 7.0553 7.1009 6.2541 8.5933 4.9381 5.2137Portugal Escudo 226.5647 221.9737 222.4548 266.5809154 266.2601442 257.7998038 279.2914742 265.8591802 279.37 295.23 274.88 251.87 249.58 249.36 226.97 189.54 179.47 185.08 213.57 180.25 175.44 154.28 149.88 165.93 161.08 142.7 172.07 50.082 25.454Spain Peseta 188.0328 184.2226 184.6219 221.2434642 220.9772466 213.9557574 231.7923366 220.6444746 231.86 245.02 228.13 209.03 207.13 206.95 188.37 157.30 148.95 153.61 177.25 149.41 146.53 124.64 126.68 133.88 127.48 101.96 169.98 71.758 57.393Sweden Krona 8.5430 8.5541 8.4350 6.8576 6.5124 6.7721 6.4878 7.2053 7.6539 6.5846 6.755 7.3718 7.471 7.348 8.0787 9.7233 10.3425 9.1735 8.2740 7.9522 7.6446 6.7082 7.1406 7.7161 7.7956 5.9231 8.6031 4.2309 4.1424Switzerland Franc 0.9842 0.9848 0.9628 0.9147 0.9269 0.9377 0.8862 1.0432 1.0860 1.0816 1.1999 1.2532 1.2459 1.2428 1.3450 1.5567 1.6891 1.6904 1.5045 1.4506 1.4514 1.2361 1.1812 1.3667 1.4781 1.3901 2.4551 1.6772 2.5811United Kingdom Poundb 1.2890 1.3555 1.5284 1.6484 1.5642 1.5853 1.6043 1.5452 1.5661 185.45 200.2 184.34 182.04 183.3 163.47 150.25 143.96 151.56 161.72 165.73 163.76 156.07 157.85 153.19 150.16 178.41 129.74 232.58 222.16
OtherAustralia Dollarb 0.7671 0.7445 0.7522 0.9034 0.9392 1.0359 1.0332 0.92 0.7927 85.37 83.91 75.35 76.27 73.65 65.24 54.37 51.69 58.15 64.54 62.91 74.368 78.283 74.073 73.161 67.993 78.069 70.026 114 130.77New Zealand Dollarb 0.7111 0.6976 0.7001 0.8313 0.8803 0.8105 0.792 0.7216 0.6358 71.51 73.65 64.92 70.49 66.43 58.22 46.45 42.02 45.68 52.94 53.61 66.247 68.765 65.625 59.358 54.127 59.619 49.752 97.34 121.16
IndexUnited States Dollarc,d 91.0800 91.5800 90.9700 78.37 75.93 73.50 70.88 75.39 77.69 74.42 77.84 82.46 83.78 85.37 93 103.09 104.32 98.32 94.07 98.85 96.38 87.34 84.25 91.32 93.18 89.09 143.01 87.39 98.5
aU.S. Federal Reserve System, Board of Governors (83,84).bValue in U.S. cents.cIndex of weighted-average exchange value of U.S. dollar against the currencies of ten industrial countries.The weight for each of the ten countries is the 1972–1976 average world trade of that country divided by the average world trade of all ten countries combined. Series revised as of August 1978.dData prior to 1999 were reported using the G-10 index. Data for 1999 and later are reported using the major currency scale.zNot Available
Foreign currency units per U.S. dollar
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48
Philippine Birchmahogany and
Year Total Softwoodsb Total Mahogany or lauan maple Other1965 68.1 13.5 54.6 12.8 11.0 6.2 24.61966 95.6 42.5 53.1 16.1 2.8 6.3 27.91967 77.0 33.9 43.1 10.5 4.6 6.6 21.41968 79.0 33.1 45.9 8.5 1.9 6.5 29.01969 81.9 41.7 40.2 6.5 3.1 7.6 23.01970 144.4 106.5 37.9 6.8 0.7 8.2 22.21971 84.0 55.7 28.3 3.3 0.2 8.7 16.11972 39.3 11.3 28.0 3.6 0.7 7.9 15.81973 33.5 8.5 25.0 2.1 3.2 9.2 10.51974 76.6 45.6 31.0 3.4 0.9 12.3 14.41975 85.5 68.5 17.0 1.6 0.3 7.2 7.91976 81.6 67.4 14.2 1.2 0.6 8.7 3.71977 154.5 139.5 15.0 2.4 0.5 8.9 3.21978 96.9 79.1 17.8 1.5 f 9.1 7.21979 133.0 118.4 14.6 1.1 0.3 8.4 4.81980 127.5 114.1 13.4 1.0 f 7.4 5.01981 101.1 87.6 13.5 0.6 f 8.7 4.21982 117.1 98.8 18.3 0.8 f 10.2 7.31983 165.0 142.5 22.5 0.3 0.3 5.1 16.81984 146.9 116.8 30.1 0.5 0.3 4.4 24.91985 99.2 70.8 28.4 0.3 0.3 2.9 24.91986 78.6 52.1 26.4 1.3 1.6 3.0 20.51987 82.5 68.7 13.8 0.3 0.3 3.8 9.41988 68.1 55.9 12.2 1.7 f 3.8 6.71989 39.3 20.9 18.4 0.8 0.1 6.7 10.81990 23.1 12.9 10.2 1.1 f 3.7 5.41991 13.6 7.6 6.0 0.9 f 2.6 2.51992 43.4 36.8 6.6 0.7 0.1 4.4 1.41993 93.9 85.7 8.2 1.1 f 3.9 3.21994 110.4 94.3 16.0 1.3 f 6.3 8.41995 80.4 54.5 25.9 1.6 0.3 6.6 17.41996 115.0 83.6 31.4 1.7 0.3 11.8 17.71997 127.6 84.1 43.5 2.3 0.3 8.1 32.81998 185.3 146.9 38.4 2.3 0.3 8.7 27.01999 294.3 254.3 40.0 2.3 0.3 10.1 27.32000 449.6 390.4 59.2 2.3 0.3 9.4 47.22001 458.9 399.0 59.9 2.3 0.3 7.6 49.62002 536.7 466.0 70.7 2.3 0.3 12.6 55.52003 497.4 430.8 66.6 2.3 0.3 5.3 58.72004 453.5 388.7 64.8 2.3 0.3 7.3 54.92005 704.0 609.4 94.5 2.3 0.3 11.5 80.42006 585.4 529.7 55.7 2.3 0.3 9.1 44.12007 417.7 387.7 30.0 2.3 0.3 5.0 22.42008 219.8 186.9 32.9 2.3 0.3 5.1 25.32009 104.7 89.9 14.8 2.3 0.3 5.5 6.62010 126.1 98.5 27.6 2.3 0.3 8.4 16.52011 115.9 90.7 25.1 2.3 0.3 6.7 15.82012 176.3 135.9 40.5 2.3 0.3 13.1 24.82013 164.1 120.1 44.0 2.3 0.3 26.6 14.82014 138.7 98.6 40.1 2.3 0.3 20.1 17.42015 138.9 97.2 41.7 2.3 0.3 22.2 16.92016 116.0 79.1 36.9 2.3 0.3 20.2 14.12017 152.7 69.3 83.4 2.3 0.3 33.6 47.3
aU.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census (67,72); U.S. Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service (44); U.S. International Trade Commission (86,87).Data may not add to totals because of rounding.bWestern Wood Products Association 1965–1999 (88,89).cPrior to 2000, pulpwood logs are not included in logs.fFewer than 50,000 board feet.
Table 16—Log imports by major species, 1965–2017 (million board feet, log scale)a,c
Hardwoods
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
49
Table 17—Log imports by major region of origin, 1965–2017(million board feet, log scale)a,e
Mexico andCentral South
Year Total Canadab Americac America Africa Asia Otherd
1965 68.1 20.3 3.4 18.0 14.1 11.7 0.61966 95.6 49.4 3.7 21.3 17.4 3.6 0.21967 77.0 40.6 3.0 18.3 9.7 4.9 0.51968 79.0 39.9 3.1 26.8 6.8 2.1 0.31969 81.9 49.5 2.1 18.3 8.3 3.5 0.21970 144.4 114.9 2.3 17.6 8.3 1.0 0.31971 84.0 64.6 2.2 13.1 3.2 0.9 f
1972 39.3 17.3 2.6 13.9 3.8 1.4 0.31973 33.5 17.8 3.0 2.9 4.8 4.8 0.21974 76.6 57.0 z 1.3 4.0 9.1 5.21975 85.5 80.3 0.3 z 1.4 0.1 3.41976 81.6 78.0 z z 1.3 0.7 1.61977 154.5 150.5 z z 2.5 0.6 0.91978 96.9 85.9 0.4 5.5 4.1 0.5 0.51979 133.0 111.2 0.2 17.4 1.5 1.1 1.61980 127.5 121.4 0.2 f 1.3 0.2 4.41981 101.1 94.4 0.4 f 0.7 0.6 5.01982 117.1 115.4 0.2 0.1 0.9 0.4 0.11983 165.0 161.5 1.0 0.1 0.3 1.7 0.41984 146.9 143.1 0.2 0.1 0.7 1.8 1.01985 99.2 81.1 0.1 0.5 3.2 13.9 0.41986 78.6 61.1 0.1 0.2 1.2 5.4 10.61987 82.5 75.6 0.2 0.2 0.3 2.1 4.11988 68.1 62.6 0.4 0.2 1.4 2.6 0.91989 39.3 20.0 2.3 0.7 2.1 8.1 6.11990 23.1 19.3 0.6 0.5 0.5 1.6 0.61991 13.6 9.0 0.4 0.2 0.3 1.1 2.61992 43.4 40.7 0.8 0.2 0.6 0.6 0.51993 93.9 89.3 f 0.2 0.4 0.6 3.41994 110.4 85.0 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.7 22.31995 80.4 56.3 1.5 0.6 0.6 0.1 21.31996 115.0 94.6 2.1 0.8 0.1 0.1 17.31997 127.6 105.7 1.7 1.2 0.1 0.1 18.81998 185.3 168.4 0.5 1.2 0.1 0.2 14.91999r 294.3 280.3 0.6 1.8 0.3 1.3 9.92000 449.6 426.2 0.5 4.6 2.6 0.3 15.42001 458.9 445.0 0.7 3.9 0.2 0.8 8.22002 536.7 521.4 4.2 3.1 0.2 0.2 7.52003 497.4 486.7 0.9 3.8 0.1 0.8 5.22004 453.5 446.8 0.5 2.0 0.3 0.5 3.42005 704.0 605.0 0.9 3.5 0.2 1.5 92.82006 585.4 495.0 0.9 8.6 0.7 0.9 79.32007 417.7 380.0 0.7 0.6 1.0 1.3 34.12008 219.8 186.0 4.9 0.4 0.2 1.6 26.72009 104.7 101.1 0.5 0.2 0.5 0.9 1.52010 126.1 119.6 0.4 1.4 0.1 1.4 3.02011 115.9 110.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.8 4.72012 176.3 133.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 1.0 41.92013 164.1 161.1 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.9 1.52014 138.7 136.7 0.3 0.1 0.1 1.0 0.42015 138.9 135.9 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.9 1.32016 116.0 114.0 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.82017 152.7 147.1 0.1 2.1 0.4 0.3 2.6
aU.S. Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service (44); Western Wood Products Association (88,89); U.S. International Trade Commission (86,87).Data may not add to totals because of rounding.bAmerican Forest and Paper Association 1965–1999 (2).cIncludes the West Indies.dFor the years 1974–1977, all imports with a value of less than $500 are included in Other.ePrior to 2000, pulpwood logs are not included in logs.fFewer than 50,000 board feet.zNot Available.rRevised
Research Paper FPL–RP–701
50
Port-Orford- WesternYear Total Totalb Douglas-firc cedarc hemlockc Other Totalb Walnutc Other1965 1,195.0 1,113.6 111.3 39.1 d 963.2 81.4 23.6 57.81966 1,391.2 1,315.7 130.5 41.2 d 1,144.0 75.5 12.5 63.01967 1,972.1 1,875.1 269.5 34.6 d 1,571.0 97.0 16.1 80.91968 2,568.1 2,473.2 396.5 38.4 d 2,038.3 94.9 21.8 73.11969 2,396.5 2,316.3 380.6 40.7 d 1,895.0 80.2 20.6 59.61970 2,740.9 2,672.0 487.0 54.1 1,436.7 694.2 68.9 17.4 51.51971 2,288.8 2,229.8 444.5 40.2 1,214.8 530.3 59.0 12.9 46.11972 3,141.4 3,047.5 766.5 46.1 1,450.7 784.2 93.9 15.5 78.41973 3,366.1 3,252.2 973.0 29.7 1,469.0 780.5 113.9 15.7 98.21974 2,642.4 2,523.7 752.7 35.6 1,244.6 490.8 118.7 7.8 110.91975 2,666.9 2,600.6 820.4 38.7 1,169.5 572.0 66.3 8.5 57.81976 3,250.0 3,155.7 1,022.4 38.4 1,365.7 729.2 94.3 7.4 86.91977 3,069.7 2,980.0 1,007.2 20.7 1,306.8 645.3 89.7 7.6 82.11978 3,409.2 3,298.4 1,192.2 29.2 1,443.6 633.4 110.8 8.8 102.01979 3,897.0 3,768.2 1,351.0 24.6 1,593.7 799.0 128.8 6.8 122.01980 3,260.9 3,109.1 1,272.4 14.0 1,183.1 639.6 151.8 9.4 142.41981 2,534.2 2,377.1 1,026.9 16.9 867.5 465.8 157.1 7.7 149.51982 3,208.1 3,115.0 1,446.5 12.4 1,124.9 531.2 93.2 4.7 88.41983 3,502.1 3,390.6 1,616.4 9.5 1,147.5 617.3 111.5 4.6 106.91984 3,494.9 3,369.4 1,588.5 13.0 1,120.0 647.9 125.6 5.5 120.01985 3,843.2 3,732.0 1,785.5 14.8 1,304.7 626.9 111.2 5.5 105.71986 3,655.6 3,516.0 1,625.8 13.4 1,246.3 630.5 139.7 5.6 134.01987 4,109.2 3,959.9 1,864.8 12.7 1,385.3 697.1 149.3 6.2 143.11988 4,798.1 4,594.4 2,311.2 19.8 1,435.5 827.9 203.7 8.0 195.71989 4,706.0 4,492.7 2,064.2 13.8 1,611.8 802.9 213.3 13.7 199.61990 4,213.1 3,993.6 1,891.7 11.0 1,193.7 897.1 219.5 13.6 205.91991 3,761.0 3,477.7 1,608.7 9.3 1,049.0 810.8 283.3 11.6 271.71992 3,278.8 3,054.8 1,402.9 10.3 890.3 751.3 224.0 12.4 211.61993 2,876.4 2,639.2 1,186.6 4.2 673.5 774.9 237.1 9.4 227.71994 2,683.6 2,419.7 1,174.9 4.1 535.3 705.4 263.8 11.2 252.61995 2,820.0 2,552.1 1,128.2 2.3 660.7 760.9 267.9 7.6 260.31996 2,635.7 2,382.4 1,214.8 2.3 486.2 679.1 253.3 6.1 247.21997 2,398.0 2,078.0 808.3 2.9 419.5 847.3 320.0 6.4 313.61998 1,977.8 1,646.2 732.1 0.7 175.1 738.3 331.5 7.3 324.21999 2,038.2 1,665.1 672.7 1.1 222.2 769.1 373.1 8.0 365.12000 2,638.3 2,065.8 674.1 0.9 186.1 1,204.8 572.5 11.4 561.22001 2,519.2 1,921.0 555.3 0.4 155.3 1,210.0 598.2 13.1 585.12002 2,428.5 1,744.9 535.0 0.7 121.6 1,087.7 683.6 17.8 665.82003 2,224.4 1,636.8 495.6 0.9 123.6 1,016.7 587.6 19.2 568.42004 2,286.5 1,597.6 543.3 0.2 91.5 962.6 688.9 22.5 666.42005 2,157.3 1,606.9 476.2 0.4 76.8 1,053.5 550.4 24.7 525.62006 2,117.5 1,630.7 460.0 0.3 76.5 1,093.9 486.8 28.5 458.42007 2,188.8 1,675.5 476.6 0.2 119.5 1,079.2 513.3 41.6 471.62008 1,959.0 1,523.6 512.3 0.1 146.6 864.6 435.4 30.0 405.42009 2,013.5 1,644.3 664.2 0.0 189.2 790.9 369.2 16.7 352.52010 2,541.8 2,073.6 635.1 0.0 371.0 1,067.5 468.2 28.0 440.22011 3,030.7 2,622.0 1,035.3 0.0 517.8 1,068.8 408.7 30.4 378.22012 2,698.0 2,280.3 764.8 0.3 440.9 1,074.3 417.7 21.3 396.42013 2,897.4 2,549.5 1,033.8 0.3 513.3 1,002.1 347.9 19.8 328.12014 2,778.1 2,335.7 827.4 0.3 514.7 993.2 442.4 24.7 417.82015 1,741.5 1,411.3 493.6 0.2 258.4 659.1 330.2 23.2 307.02016 1,871.6 1,514.9 441.3 0.1 277.4 796.1 356.7 22.1 334.62017 1,887.8 1,522.1 424.0 0.2 272.3 825.6 365.8 30.6 335.2
aPrior to 2000, pulpwood logs are not included in logs. Data may not add to totals because of rounding.bAmerican Forest and Paper Association 1965–1999 (4); U.S. International Trade Commission 2000–present (86). cU.S. International Trade Commission (87). dWestern hemlock is included in Other.
Table 18—Log exports by major species, 1965–2017 (million board feet, Scribner log scale)a
Softwoods Hardwoods
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
51
European SouthYear Total Canada Unionb Japan Korea China Other1965 1,195.0 355.1 29.4 804.4 2.8 d 3.31966 1,391.2 266.1 17.2 1,081.4 25.2 d 1.31967 1,972.1 335.5 20.5 1,585.5 29.9 d 0.71968 2,568.1 341.8 28.7 2,119.2 75.1 d 3.31969 2,396.5 324.6 29.6 2,007.3 32.2 d 2.81970 2,740.9 291.8 23.1 2,366.1 48.2 d 11.71971 2,288.8 339.9 20.5 1,847.1 73.9 d 7.41972 3,141.4 519.1 31.9 2,528.0 53.8 d 8.61973 3,366.1 417.8 41.5 2,779.5 113.7 d 13.61974 2,642.4 332.3 39.1 2,114.2 149.2 d 7.61975 2,666.9 277.6 35.3 2,256.4 86.4 d 11.21976 3,250.0 362.5 48.6 2,675.1 150.5 d 13.31977 3,069.7 350.0 46.0 2,460.1 203.3 d 10.31978 3,409.2 368.5 57.5 2,646.1 321.8 d 15.31979 3,897.0 407.6 65.4 3,149.1 258.9 d 16.01980 3,260.9 317.8 90.4 2,544.2 201.7 87.8 19.01981 2,534.2 247.4 56.1 1,774.2 151.6 222.4 82.51982 3,208.1 302.5 47.8 1,978.7 277.7 547.0 54.41983 3,502.1 347.1 57.4 2,028.0 320.9 723.2 25.61984 3,494.9 421.2 52.6 1,759.8 289.1 866.6 105.71985 3,843.2 445.4 39.1 1,899.1 327.5 1069.0 63.11986 3,655.6 450.0 76.7 2,089.4 364.5 615.4 59.61987 4,109.2 421.4 62.6 2,397.2 492.5 579.3 156.31988 4,798.1 378.9 78.8 2,415.6 612.0 1121.4 191.41989 4,706.0 272.7 93.6 2,992.7 761.5 454.3 131.21990 4,213.1 395.8 69.2 2,626.2 619.2 361.9 140.81991 3,761.0 423.6 53.4 2,126.8 624.7 371.8 160.81992 3,278.8 415.0 44.2 2,043.0 416.6 236.9 123.11993 2,876.4 389.9 41.1 1,881.9 303.1 131.3 129.11994 2,683.6 435.1 56.8 1,821.6 206.1 75.0 89.01995 2,820.0 715.7 47.5 1,728.3 235.2 20.2 73.11996 2,635.7 518.0 32.1 1,807.5 200.3 15.9 61.91997 2,398.0 711.0 42.1 1,347.7 205.6 18.2 73.41998 1,977.8 778.5 47.1 1,004.0 61.9 17.8 68.51999 2,038.2 787.8 48.2 998.3 130.1 7.8 66.12000 2,638.3 1,349.6 117.7 934.1 137.3 21.5 78.22001 2,519.2 1,453.9 78.0 745.7 129.6 29.5 82.52002 2,428.5 1,362.2 58.1 676.0 136.8 45.0 150.42003 2,224.4 1,194.6 75.5 649.7 168.7 40.0 95.82004 2,286.5 1,110.3 72.6 642.2 157.2 74.4 229.82005 2,157.3 1,168.0 66.8 573.5 174.6 93.8 80.52006 2,117.5 1,100.9 73.9 559.6 207.9 104.3 71.02007 2,188.8 944.8 118.5 566.7 273.4 149.7 135.72008 1,959.0 671.0 117.8 658.1 344.2 168.5 0.82009 2,013.5 875.8 76.5 435.0 298.1 270.4 57.72010 2,541.8 835.4 81.0 424.7 290.0 780.1 130.72011 3,030.7 718.7 73.6 457.7 283.4 1383.9 113.52012 2,698.0 753.6 97.8 468.7 184.4 1051.9 141.52013 2,897.4 641.4 34.3 530.8 175.4 1398.8 116.82014 2,778.1 593.2 33.9 477.8 144.8 1385.2 143.22015 1,741.5 507.1 28.4 323.6 69.1 740.5 72.82016 1,871.6 463.5 21.4 314.0 65.5 941.5 65.72017 1,887.8 385.8 19.7 303.1 75.9 1028.3 75.0
aU.S. International Trade Commission (86,87). Data may not add to totals because of rounding.bEuropean Union includes Austria, Belguim–Luxembourg, Denmark, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and UK. cPrior to 2000, pulpwood logs are not included in logs.d Fewer than 50,000 board feet.
Table 19—Log exports by major region of destination, 1965–2017(million board feet, Scribner log scale)a,c
Research Paper FPL–RP–701
52
Year
Current
2009
Current
2009
Current
2009
Current
2009
Current
2009
Current
2009
Current
2009
dollars
dollars
dollars
dollars
dollars
dollars
dollars
dollars
dollars
dollars
dollars
dollars
dollars
dollars
1965
42.6
234.
531
.717
4.5
19.8
109.
019
.110
5.1
25.0
137.
621
.311
7.2
zz
1966
50.0
267.
538
.620
6.5
19.8
105.
920
.510
9.7
29.3
156.
823
.212
4.1
zz
1967
41.7
216.
538
.319
8.9
22.2
115.
321
.811
3.2
27.0
140.
216
.887
.2z
z
1968
61.2
304.
542
.221
0.0
30.2
150.
235
.617
7.1
23.6
117.
417
.386
.1z
z
1969
82.2
390.
151
.724
5.4
71.0
337.
045
.121
4.0
30.2
143.
328
.213
3.8
zz
1970
41.9
188.
844
.119
8.7
32.1
144.
720
.592
.426
.912
1.2
26.6
119.
9z
z
1971
49.0
209.
952
.222
3.6
37.6
161.
020
.688
.224
.610
5.4
21.2
90.8
zz
1972
71.7
294.
165
.626
9.1
65.8
269.
949
.020
1.0
34.3
140.
726
.610
9.1
zz
1973
138.
153
5.9
93.4
362.
492
.335
8.2
99.2
384.
946
.017
8.5
43.6
169.
293
.636
3.2
1974
202.
472
2.9
76.2
272.
110
0.6
359.
311
0.8
395.
745
.916
3.9
54.7
195.
475
.927
1.1
1975
169.
555
4.3
57.0
186.
471
.223
2.8
68.8
225.
033
.911
0.9
29.7
97.1
42.1
137.
719
7617
6.2
543.
787
.026
8.4
101.
831
4.1
79.7
245.
934
.910
7.7
43.4
133.
927
.785
.519
7722
5.9
654.
010
0.3
290.
413
1.4
380.
489
.325
8.5
37.9
109.
760
.017
3.7
47.4
137.
219
7825
0.3
677.
813
4.5
364.
216
4.7
446.
011
3.6
307.
641
.111
1.3
59.2
160.
360
.516
3.8
1979
394.
498
8.0
155.
238
8.8
239.
059
8.7
200.
850
3.0
46.8
117.
268
.817
2.3
68.9
172.
619
8043
2.2
994.
215
5.4
357.
520
6.1
474.
121
2.7
489.
352
.412
0.5
65.6
150.
970
.116
1.3
1981
350.
273
7.3
172.
036
2.1
195.
241
0.9
163.
434
4.0
50.9
107.
263
.213
3.1
67.8
142.
719
8211
8.2
234.
612
7.2
252.
566
.913
2.8
44.5
88.3
56.4
111.
970
.814
0.5
71.1
141.
119
8316
1.6
308.
114
0.6
268.
110
4.0
198.
362
.211
8.6
60.1
114.
687
.916
7.6
55.1
105.
119
8413
2.9
244.
313
9.4
256.
312
2.7
225.
661
.811
3.6
90.1
165.
714
5.0
266.
680
.514
8.0
1985
126.
222
5.0
90.7
161.
710
1.4
180.
850
.590
.065
.411
6.6
94.5
168.
570
.012
4.8
1986
160.
728
0.4
103.
618
0.8
156.
627
3.3
74.7
130.
369
.912
2.0
108.
118
8.6
66.2
115.
519
8719
0.2
322.
513
5.7
230.
120
9.3
354.
910
5.4
178.
788
.114
9.4
146.
824
8.9
80.5
136.
519
8825
6.0
420.
014
1.9
232.
818
2.1
298.
816
2.9
267.
315
1.3
248.
214
6.3
240.
010
8.4
177.
919
8938
9.8
615.
831
3.4
495.
129
2.0
461.
322
3.3
352.
813
5.8
214.
517
8.9
282.
612
8.6
203.
219
9046
6.4
709.
012
6.7
192.
625
2.2
383.
420
3.0
308.
614
6.1
222.
118
8.3
286.
313
5.3
205.
719
9139
5.0
581.
616
6.1
244.
623
7.6
349.
816
4.1
241.
616
0.1
235.
716
3.6
240.
912
0.7
177.
719
9247
7.2
685.
919
8.4
285.
229
2.3
420.
216
4.6
236.
616
6.6
239.
521
1.2
303.
614
4.6
207.
819
9331
7.8
446.
121
7.2
304.
953
5.2
751.
336
3.7
510.
526
4.1
370.
719
4.6
273.
221
9.5
308.
119
9465
2.4
897.
026
5.9
365.
629
1.4
400.
633
4.8
460.
335
2.1
484.
131
7.4
436.
431
3.4
430.
919
9545
3.5
610.
324
8.5
334.
414
9.9
201.
829
7.1
399.
831
3.9
422.
429
6.6
399.
128
5.6
384.
319
9645
3.0
598.
525
1.1
331.
627
0.0
356.
628
9.3
382.
231
2.6
412.
926
4.4
349.
321
3.2
281.
619
9733
1.4
429.
130
7.3
397.
927
0.2
349.
921
1.3
273.
628
6.9
371.
526
4.5
342.
535
7.1
462.
419
9825
4.2
325.
228
7.8
368.
120
4.9
262.
116
1.4
206.
524
0.9
308.
127
0.2
345.
639
4.8
505.
019
9931
4.7
396.
826
8.5
338.
618
1.0
228.
395
.712
0.7
195.
124
6.0
317.
440
0.2
448.
156
5.0
2000
433.
453
5.2
258.
131
8.8
154.
619
1.0
46.1
57.0
368.
645
5.2
265.
632
8.1
445.
855
0.6
2001
255.
430
8.1
153.
518
5.2
115.
513
9.3
34.0
41.0
530.
564
0.0
326.
439
3.8
587.
270
8.4
2002
184.
822
0.5
166.
419
8.5
117.
814
0.5
73.2
87.3
382.
045
5.8
273.
832
6.6
485.
057
8.6
2003
193.
223
0.5
163.
619
5.2
111.
213
2.6
86.0
102.
628
4.8
339.
830
3.7
362.
356
0.2
668.
320
0493
.110
4.5
183.
020
5.3
65.4
73.4
63.2
70.9
427.
247
9.3
291.
232
6.7
618.
069
3.4
2005
320.
534
8.4
192.
820
9.6
103.
311
2.3
70.1
76.2
415.
145
1.2
329.
235
7.9
648.
070
4.5
2006
zz
112.
511
8.6
39.2
41.3
101.
110
6.6
275.
329
0.4
180.
319
0.1
533.
356
2.4
2007
zz
176.
418
1.2
60.9
62.6
54.6
56.1
276.
628
4.2
220.
422
6.4
361.
637
1.5
2008
zz
152.
715
3.8
33.5
33.8
46.2
46.5
198.
319
9.8
156.
315
7.5
479.
648
3.3
2009
zz
zz
zz
77.5
77.5
171.
417
1.4
119.
511
9.5
275.
027
5.0
2010
zz
zz
zz
65.9
65.2
118.
811
7.5
214.
321
2.0
432.
542
8.0
2011
zz
zz
zz
83.3
80.7
105.
310
2.1
370.
835
9.3
504.
348
8.7
2012
zz
zz
zz
88.7
84.5
142.
513
5.7
389.
237
0.6
491.
746
8.3
2013
zz
zz
zz
58.2
54.5
108.
310
1.4
216.
820
3.1
447.
841
9.5
2014
zz
zz
zz
60.2
55.6
144.
913
3.8
211.
819
5.6
548.
750
6.8
2015
zz
zz
zz
69.0
62.8
238.
121
6.4
308.
728
0.6
512.
546
5.9
2016
zz
zz
zz
96.6
86.7
220.
619
8.0
299.
226
8.5
368.
333
0.5
2017
zz
zz
zz
108.
595
.720
7.3
182.
819
2.3
169.
532
0.6
282.
7a U.
S. D
epar
tmen
t of A
gric
ultu
re, F
ores
t Ser
vice
(46,
52).
Fore
st S
ervi
ce N
atio
nal F
ores
t pric
es in
this
tabl
e ar
e fo
r tim
ber s
old
on a
Scr
ibne
r Dec
imal
C lo
g ru
le b
asis
, ex
cept
in th
e No
rthea
ster
n st
ates
whe
re In
tern
atio
nal 1
/4-in
. log
rule
is u
sed.
Pric
es in
clud
e KV
pay
men
ts a
nd e
xclu
de ti
mbe
r sol
d by
land
exc
hang
es a
nd fr
om la
nd u
tiliz
atio
n pr
ojec
t lan
ds. D
ata
for t
he y
ears
196
5 to
198
3 ar
e st
atis
tical
hig
h bi
d pr
ices
. Dat
a fro
m 1
984
to A
pril
1999
are
hig
h bi
d pr
ices
that
incl
ude
spec
ified
road
cos
ts. A
fter A
pril
1999
, it n
olo
nger
incl
uded
spe
cific
road
cos
ts. 1
997
dolla
rs d
eriv
ed b
y di
vidi
ng th
e pr
ice
in c
urre
nt d
olla
rs b
y th
e Bu
reau
of L
abor
Sta
tistic
s pr
oduc
er p
rice
inde
x fo
r all
com
mod
ities
(199
7 =
100)
.b W
este
rn W
ashi
ngto
n an
d we
ster
n O
rego
n.
c Sout
hern
Reg
ion.
d Paci
fic S
outh
west
Reg
ion
(prio
r to
Janu
ary
1979
cal
led
the
Calif
orni
a Re
gion
); in
clud
es J
effre
y pi
ne.
e Paci
fic N
orth
west
Reg
ion.
f Ea
ster
n an
d So
uthe
rn R
egio
ns.
g East
ern
Regi
on.
z Not A
vaila
ble.
Suga
r map
leg
Hard
wood
sTa
ble
20—
Aver
age
stum
page
pri
ces
for
saw
timbe
r so
ld fr
om N
atio
nal F
ores
ts, b
y se
lect
ed s
peci
es, 1
965–
2017
(dol
lars
per
thou
sand
boa
rd fe
et)a
Softw
oods
Doug
las-
firb
Sout
hern
pin
ecPo
nder
osa
pine
dW
este
rn h
emlo
cke
All e
aste
rn h
ardw
oods
fO
ak w
hite
, red
, and
bla
ck
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
53
Table 21—Volume and value of sawtimber stumpage sold from National Forests, by selected species and region, 2017a
Average Averageprice per price perthousand thousand
Species and regionb Volumec Valued board feet Species and region Volume Value board feetThousand Thousand Thousand Thousandboard feet dollars Dollars board feet dollars Dollars
SOFTWOODS, WESTERN SOFTWOODS, WESTERN—con.
Cedar Fir—Con.
Alaska cedar: True fir: Pacific Northwest (6) 0 0.0 0.00 Rocky Mountain (2) 4,063 27.5 6.77 Alaska (10) 11 2.1 190.45 Southwestern (3) 181 2.2 12.05 Total 11 2.1 190.45 Pacific Southwest (5) 0 0.0 0.00 Incense cedar: Pacific Northwest (6) 0 0.0 0.00 Pacific Southwest (5) 5,941 94.4 15.89 Total 4,244 29.7 7.00 Pacific Northwest (6) 0 0.0 0.00 Hemlock Total 5,941 94.4 15.89 Mountain hemlock: Port-Orford-cedar: Pacific Southwest (5) 0 0.0 0.00 Pacific Southwest (5) 0 0.0 0.00 Pacific Northwest (6) 0 0.0 0.00 Pacific Northwest (6) 3 3.2 1,061.67 Total 0 0.0 0.00 Total 3 3.2 1,061.67 Western hemlock: Western redcedar: Northern (1) 4 0.3 65.50 Northern (1) 29 3.2 111.76 Pacific Northwest (6) 28,113 3,051.0 108.53 Pacific Northwest (6) 28 1.7 59.04 Alaska (10) 5,445 15.5 2.84 Alaska (10) 273 69.7 255.31 Total 33,562 3,066.7 91.38 Total 330 74.6 226.04 Western larch: Douglas-fir Northern (1) 18 1.6 87.9 East side: Intermountain (4) 0 0.0 0.00 Northern (1) 102,357 8,269.1 80.79 Pacific Northwest (6) 121 11.9 98.1 Rocky Mountain (2) 2,469 32.9 13.34 Total 139 13.5 96.8 Southwestern (3) 1,492 12.3 8.24 Pine Intermountain (4) 42,262 2,747.3 65.01 Lodgepole pine: Pacific Northwest (6) 354,018 44,504.8 125.71 Northern (1) 27,536 2,755.7 100.08 Total 502,598 55,566.3 110.56 Rocky Mountain (2) 54,379 1,161.9 21.37 West side: Intermountain (4) 5,765 377.8 65.53 Pacific Southwest (5) 0 0.0 0.00 Pacific Southwest (5) 1,005 3.9 3.84 Pacific Northwest (6) 0 0.0 0.00 Pacific Northwest (6) 31,752 1,354.3 42.65 Total 0 0.0 0.00 Total 120,437 5,653.5 46.94 Fir Ponderosa pinee: Grand fir: Northern (1) 11,695 601.6 51.44 Northern (1) 29,840 4,316.4 144.65 Rocky Mountain (2) 93,928 4,881.9 51.98 Intermountain (4) 8,760 1,432.6 163.54 Southwestern (3) 112,067 13,674.6 122.02 Pacific Northwest (6) 5,461 116.0 21.24 Intermountain (4) 23,880 1,891.7 79.22 Total 44,061 5,865.0 133.11 Pacific Southwest (5) 8,131 272.4 33.50 Noble fir: Pacific Northwest (6) 58,404 2,376.1 40.68 Pacific Northwest (6) 0 0.0 0.00 Total 308,105 23,698.3 76.92 Shasta fir: Sugar pine: Pacific Northwest (6) 2 0.0 4.50 Pacific Southwest (5) 2,830 47.9 16.93 Subalpine fir: Pacific Northwest (6) 169 6.7 39.64 Northern (1) 0 0.0 0.00 Total 2,999 54.6 18.21 Rocky Mountain (2) 588 8.6 14.64 Western white pine: Southwestern (3) 224 1.5 6.67 Northern (1) 104 14.3 137.18 Intermountain (4) 332 22.9 68.98 Southwestern (3) 9 0.1 10.00 Pacific Northwest (6) 0 0.0 0.00 Pacific Southwest (5) 2 0.0 7.50 Total 1,144 33.0 28.85 Pacific Northwest (6) 0 0.0 0.00 White fir: Total 115 14.4 124.97 Rocky Mountain (2) 355 7.6 21.41 Pine not specified Intermountain (4) 0 0.0 0.00 by species: Pacific Northwest (6) 51,051 4,058.0 79.49 Northern (1) 0 0.0 0.00 Total 51,406 4,065.6 79.09 Southwestern (3) 0 0.0 0.00
Total 0 0.0 0.00 Spruce Black, red, and white spruce Alaska (10) 0 0.0 0.00
Research Paper FPL–RP–701
54
Table 21—Volume and value of sawtimber stumpage sold from National Forests, by selected species and region, 2017a—con.Average Averageprice per price perthousand thousand
Species and regionb Volumec Valued board feet Species and region Volume Value board feetThousand Thousand Thousand Thousandboard feet dollars Dollars board feet dollars Dollars
SOFTWOODS, WESTERN—con. SOFTWOODS, EASTERN—con.
Spruce—con. Softwoods not specified Engelmann spruce: by species: Northern (1) 1,895 302.3 159.53 Southern (8) 20 0.4 18.95 Rocky Mountain (2) 53,206 812.7 15.27 Eastern (9) 3,434 234.7 68.35 Southwestern (3) 15 0.096 6.40 Total 3,454 235.1 68.06 Intermountain (4) 591 25.0 42.37 Total, eastern softwoods 80,439 8,888.0 110.49 Pacific Northwest (6) 0 0.0 0.00 Total, softwoods 1,238,159 109,210.2 88.20 Total 55,707 1,140 20.47 Sitka spruce: HARDWOODS, WESTERN
Pacific Northwest (6) 24 7.5 312.50 Alder Alaska (10) 25,000 933.2 37.33 Pacific Northwest (6) 314 30.7 97.77 Total 25,024 940.7 37.59 Aspen Softwoods not specified Rocky Mountain (2) 0 0.0 0.00 by species: Southwestern (3) 56 0.1 2.02 Northern (1) 0 0.0 0.00 Intermountain (4) 664 14.6 21.98 Rocky Mountain (2) 0 0.0 0.00 Total 720 14.7 20.43 Southwestern (3) 0 0.0 0.00 Hardwoods not specified Intermountain (4) 36 0.5 14.28 by species: Pacific Southwest (5) 0 0.0 0.00 Rocky Mountain (2) 0 0.0 0.00 Pacific Northwest (6) 1,856 6.0 3.25 Pacific Southwest (5) 0 0.0 0.00 Alaska (10) 0 0.0 0.00 Pacific Northwest (6) 0 0.0 0.00 Total 1,892 6.5 3.46 Total 0 0.0 0.00Total, western softwoods 1,157,720 100,322 86.65 Total, western hardwoods 1,034 45.4 43.92
SOFTWOODS, EASTERN HARDWOODS, EASTERN
Cedar Ash Southern (8) 290 7.1 24.61 Southern (8) 2 0.1 26.50 Eastern (9) 0 0.0 0.00 Eastern (9) 2,513 899.7 358.02 Total 290 7.1 24.61 Total 2,515 899.8 357.75 Cypress Aspen Southern (8) 0 0.0 0.00 Eastern (9) 1,669 71.3 42.70 Fir Basswood True fir: Southern (8) 0 0.0 0.00 Eastern (9) 0 0.0 0.00 Eastern (9) 689 5.9 8.52 Hemlock Total 689 5.9 8.52 Eastern hemlock: Beech Southern (8) 0 0.0 0.00 Eastern (9) 202 19.2 94.84 Eastern (9) 247 17.4 70.56 Birch Total 247 17.4 70.56 Paper birch: Pine Eastern (9) 410 33.8 82.42 Eastern white pine: Yellow birch: Southern (8) 4,392 313.0 71.26 Eastern (9) 257 53.5 208.33 Eastern (9) 2,311 44.8 19.41 Cherry Total 6,703 357.8 53.38 Black cherry: Jack pine: Southern (8) 1 0.2 186.00 Eastern (9) 4,091 281.6 68.83 Eastern (9) 5,995 4,904.0 818.01 Red pine: Total 5,996 4,904.2 817.90 Eastern (9) 36,150 3,853.7 106.60 Hickory Red and white eastern pine: Southern (8) 0 0.0 0.00 Eastern (9) 16,942 2,637.0 155.65 Maple Southern pine: Red maple: Southern (8) 0 0.0 0.00 Southern (8) 1 0.0 4.70 Eastern (9) 2,280 106.7 46.80 Eastern (9) 2,803 686.2 244.80 Total 2,280 106.7 46.80 Total 2,804 686.2 244.72 Virginia pine: Sugar maple: Southern (8) 0 0.0 0.00 Southern (8) 0 0.0 0.00 Pine not specified Eastern (9) 5,098 1,634.6 320.63 by species: Total 5,098 1,634.6 320.63 Eastern (9) 8,240 1,182.3 143.48 Maple not specified Spruce by species: Black, red, and white spruce: Southern (8) 0 0.0 0.00 Eastern (9) 2,042 209.2 102.45 Eastern (9) 1,526 112.1 73.46
Total 1,526 112.1 73.46
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
55
Table 21—Volume and value of sawtimber stumpage sold from National Forests, by selected species and region, 2017a—con.Average Averageprice per price perthousand thousand
Species and regionb Volumec Valued board feet Species and region Volume Value board feetThousand Thousand Thousand Thousandboard feet dollars Dollars board feet dollars Dollars
HARDWOODS, EASTERN—con.
Oak Poplar Chestnut oak: Yellow poplar: Southern (8) 150 32.6 217.27 Southern (8) 1,025 144.6 141.07 Eastern (9) 12 3.0 247.50 Eastern (9) 4,619 257.1 55.66 Total 162 35.6 219.51 Total 5,644 401.7 71.17 Red and black oak: Yellow poplar, basswood Southern (8) 260 74.5 286.53 and cucumber: Eastern (9) 3,864 694.3 179.68 Southern (8) 1,285 83.0 64.55 Total 4,124 768.8 186.41 Hardwoods not specified Scarlet oak: by species: Southern (8) 21 1.6 78.19 Southern (8) 20,217 1,977.8 97.83 Eastern (9) 45 5.9 130.80 Eastern (9) 47,703 9,713.9 203.63 Total 66 7.5 114.06 Total 67,920 11,691.7 172.14 White oak: Total, eastern hardwoods 112,547 23,331 207.30 Southern (8) 433 149.9 346.21 Total, hardwoods 113,581 23,377 205.81 Eastern (9) 837 118.6 141.66 Total, softwoods and Total 1,270 268.5 211.40 hardwoods 1,351,740 132,587 98.09 Oak not specified by species: Southern (8) 5,565 1,023.5 183.92 Eastern (9) 5,345 630.6 117.98 Total 10,910 1,654.1 151.62aU.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service (51); Data may not add to totals because of rounding; The stumpage prices shown in this table do not necessarily indicate values for any specific tract of public or private timber, and prices received forindividual tracts may vary widely because of differences in timber quality, degree of competition, timber accessibility, variations in special costs, methods of allocating overhead costs by species, or other factors; excludes pulpwood and miscellaneous products and also excludes timber sold by land exchanges and from land in utilization projects.bAdministrative regions of the Forest Service. Region area numbers: 1–6, 8–10. See p. iii.cScribner Decimal C log rule except in the Northeastern states timber where international 1/4-in. log rule is used.dHigh bid prices, which include specified road costs KV payments.eIncludes small amounts of Jeffrey pine.
Research Paper FPL–RP–701
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Year Current 2009 Current 2009 Current 2009 Current 2009dollars dollarsb dollars dollars dollars dollars dollars dollars
1965 28.40 156.30 22.60 124.38 17.50 96.31 16.20 89.161966 34.30 183.52 23.00 123.06 19.50 104.33 17.90 95.771967 36.80 191.07 23.30 120.98 19.50 101.25 17.70 91.901968 40.70 202.49 25.60 127.36 20.00 99.50 19.00 94.531969 50.10 237.78 31.80 150.93 22.60 107.26 21.50 102.041970 46.40 209.10 28.10 126.63 21.00 94.64 20.40 91.931971 56.00 239.83 26.60 113.92 21.90 93.79 20.80 89.081972 66.30 271.94 28.50 116.90 23.80 97.62 23.10 94.751973 84.20 326.74 41.50 161.04 32.30 125.34 30.20 117.191974 90.90 324.64 48.20 172.14 36.80 131.43 35.50 126.791975 81.60 266.84 45.70 149.44 35.40 115.76 34.10 111.511976 101.10 311.94 45.80 141.31 37.20 114.78 37.30 115.091977 119.90 347.13 49.70 143.89 39.70 114.94 40.60 117.541978 156.20 422.96 59.40 160.84 46.20 125.10 46.50 125.911979 211.50 529.81 74.20 185.87 51.90 130.01 53.40 133.771980 189.20 435.24 70.20 161.49 53.10 122.15 55.50 127.671981 185.00 389.47 70.20 147.79 52.00 109.47 55.60 117.051982 144.60 287.02 71.10 141.13 53.70 106.59 57.50 114.131983 160.70 306.39 103.80 197.90 67.30 128.31 71.60 136.511984 158.80 291.97 109.00 200.40 68.00 125.02 72.70 133.661985 118.20 210.73 88.30 157.43 57.30 102.16 62.50 111.431986 112.30 195.95 87.90 153.38 53.70 93.70 64.70 112.891987 147.30 249.79 z z 59.30 100.56 79.00 133.971988 161.00 264.15 134.20 220.18 62.10 101.89 101.20 166.041989 169.10 267.14 133.80 211.37 65.30 103.16 98.30 155.291990 182.60 277.59 141.10 214.50 81.90 124.51 106.50 161.901991 194.30 286.07 123.60 181.98 67.60 99.53 89.00 131.041992 222.60 319.97 289.30 415.84 78.10 112.26 136.90 196.781993 273.30 383.63 z z z z 153.00 214.771994 330.50 454.42 z z z z 205.00 281.861995 389.56 524.24 z z z z 252.75 340.131996 344.57 455.18 z z z z 203.00 268.161997 412.39 533.98 z z z z 289.75 375.181998 406.76 520.29 z z z z 276.50 353.671999 368.70 464.94 z z z z 285.00 359.392000 392.35 484.56 z z z z 270.00 333.462001 351.12 423.60 z z z z 321.00 387.262002 368.41 439.53 z z z z 290.00 345.982003 348.46 415.72 z z z z 319.00 380.582004 372.40 417.82 z z z z 306.00 343.322005 384.37 417.84 z z z z 315.00 342.432006 380.38 401.16 z z z z 276.00 291.082007 417.62 429.08 z z z z 313.00 321.592008 331.17 333.71 z z z z 230.00 231.762009 289.94 289.94 z z z z 207.00 207.002010 307.23 303.98 z z z z 258.00 255.272011 259.02 250.99 z z z z 278.00 269.382012 260.68 248.27 z z z z 366.50 349.052013 264.67 247.98 z z z z 299.00 280.152014 293.93 271.48 z z z z 372.00 343.592015 229.75 208.84 z z z z 364.25 331.102016 219.75 197.23 z z z z 379.50 340.622017 196.50 173.24 z z z z 372.25 328.18
aTimberMart-South (39); Louisiana Department of Agriculture (25).bDerived by dividing the price in current dollars by the Bureau of Labor Statistics producer price index for all commodities (1997 = 100).zNot available.
Oaks
Table 22—Average stumpage prices for sawtimber sold from private lands in Louisiana, by selected species, 1965–2017 (dollars per thousand board feet, Doyle log scale)a
Southern pine Ash Gums
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
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Table 23—Veneer log production, by softwoods and hardwoods, 1965–2017 (million board feet, local log rule)b
Year All speciesa Softwoodsc Hardwoodsc
1965 6,275 5,425 8501966 6,315 5,610 7051967 6,305 5,610 6951968 6,880 6,150 7301969 6,430 5,750 6801970 6,642 5,863 7791971 7,215 6,515 7001972 7,810 7,070 7401973 7,750 7,090 6601974 7,560 6,945 6151975 8,185 7,545 6401976 8,417 7,795 6231977 7,960 7,360 6001978 8,150 7,560 5901979 7,690 7,085 6051980 7,649 7,040 6091981 7,710 7,095 6151982 7,504 6,885 6191983 7,736 7,110 6261984 7,970 7,335 6351985 8,460 7,810 6501986 9,062 8,398 6641987 9,370 8,700 6701988 9,261 8,580 6811989 8,814 8,119 6951990 8,662 7,942 7201991 8,037 7,276 7611992 7,876 7,101 7751993 7,796 6,995 8011994 7,735 6,881 8541995 7,626 6,700 9261996 7,560 6,583 9771997 7,581 6,601 9801998 7,671 6,707 9641999 7,802 6,812 9902000 7,870 6,855 1,0152001 6,825 5,773 1,0522002 6,596 5,600 9972003 7,222 6,299 9232004 7,158 6,272 8862005 7,100 6,259 8422006 6,825 5,983 8422007 6,586 5,871 7152008 6,081 5,482 5992009 5,972 5,381 5912010 4,726 4,051 6752011 4,126 3,656 4712012 4,059 3,600 4592013 3,992 3,544 4482014 3,925 3,487 4372015 3,857 3,431 4262016 3,790 3,375 4152017 3,723 3,319 404
aU.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service (53).bData may not add to totals because of rounding.cSource: Estimates (20).
Research Paper FPL–RP–701
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Table 24—Pulpwood consumption, production, imports, exports, and the equivalent wood volumes of imports and exports of paper, board, and wood pulp, 1965–2017 (thousand cords)a
U.S. totalconsump- Net Net
Year tionp Total Total Total Softwoods Hardwoods Residueb,e,p imports Imports Exports imports Imports Exports1965 63,519 54,034 52,884 39,129 28,201 10,928 13,755 1,150 1,305 155 9,485 13,487 4,0011966 67,429 57,399 56,294 41,809 29,900 11,910 14,484 1,105 1,385 280 10,030 14,367 4,3371967 67,377 58,419 57,469 41,441 29,967 11,474 16,028 950 1,590 640 8,958 13,789 4,8311968 69,214 60,969 60,734 43,535 31,690 11,845 17,199 235 1,425 1,190 8,245 13,643 5,3981969 73,428 64,577 65,257 47,499 34,239 13,260 17,758 -680 980 1,660 8,851 14,956 6,1051970 73,308 66,732 67,577 49,467 37,212 12,255 18,110 -845 1,120 1,965 6,576 14,310 7,7341971 74,286 66,601 66,906 46,295 33,533 12,763 20,610 -305 1,225 1,530 7,685 14,375 6,6901972 75,685 68,068 69,023 45,311 31,784 13,527 23,712 -955 1,020 1,975 7,616 14,263 6,6461973 80,294 71,421 72,891 46,269 31,496 14,773 26,622 -1,470 1,200 2,670 8,873 15,483 6,6101974 84,452 75,787 77,957 50,394 34,268 16,126 27,563 -2,170 965 3,135 8,665 17,057 8,3921975 69,231 63,941 65,821 41,029 29,035 11,993 24,792 -1,880 765 2,645 5,290 12,172 6,8821976 78,092 71,094 73,249 45,527 31,856 13,671 27,722 -2,155 1,115 3,270 6,998 14,019 7,0211977 80,486 72,952 74,972 44,538 31,022 13,516 30,434 -2,020 1,350 3,370 7,534 14,548 7,0141978 84,346 75,073 76,453 46,722 31,778 14,943 29,731 -1,380 1,675 3,055 9,272 16,205 6,9331979 87,651 78,680 81,065 50,699 35,389 15,310 30,366 -2,385 1,405 3,790 8,971 16,847 7,8761980 87,055 81,921 84,031 52,107 36,941 15,166 31,925 -2,110 1,590 3,700 5,134 16,256 11,1221981 86,814 81,003 82,468 51,390 35,685 15,704 31,079 -1,465 1,490 2,955 5,811 15,579 9,7681982 82,127 76,912 77,862 49,093 33,829 15,264 28,769 -950 1,405 2,355 5,215 14,302 9,0871983 91,044 84,504 84,829 51,612 33,413 18,199 33,217 -325 1,715 2,040 6,540 16,312 9,7721984 95,854 86,282 86,377 52,324 33,945 18,379 34,054 -95 1,825 1,920 9,572 18,697 9,1251985 95,325 85,380 86,600 52,698 33,097 19,602 33,901 -1,220 650 1,870 9,945 19,198 9,2531986 100,144 91,187 92,502 57,723 35,630 22,094 34,779 -1,315 630 1,945 8,957 19,974 11,0171987 102,445 93,005 94,590 58,538 37,172 21,367 36,052 -1,585 430 2,015 9,440 20,882 11,4421988 101,737 93,000 95,030 59,342 37,359 21,984 35,688 -2,030 735 2,765 8,737 20,779 12,0421989 100,276 92,615 93,831 59,924 37,755 22,169 33,907 -1,216 988 2,204 7,661 20,341 12,6791990 99,361 92,561 93,936 61,758 39,559 22,199 32,178 -1,376 917 2,293 6,801 19,847 13,0461991 95,484 91,925 93,246 62,701 40,213 22,488 30,545 -1,321 1,025 2,346 3,559 18,305 14,7461992 96,146 93,642 95,238 63,489 39,918 23,571 31,749 -1,596 857 2,453 2,504 18,451 15,9471993 96,090 90,996 92,759 62,122 37,621 24,501 30,637 -1,764 745 2,509 5,094 19,485 14,3921994 98,142 93,259 95,327 63,698 38,312 25,387 31,629 -2,068 544 2,612 4,883 19,965 15,0821995 97,052 93,013 94,999 69,808 41,173 28,635 25,191 -1,986 303 2,290 4,039 20,474 16,4351996 90,190 88,246 90,439 66,697 39,641 27,056 23,742 -2,193 334 2,527 1,943 17,979 16,0361997 95,247 92,312 95,038 68,354 39,943 28,411 26,684 -2,726 357 3,083 2,935 20,186 17,2511998 96,305 90,591 93,371 68,134 40,580 27,554 25,237 -2,780 231 3,011 5,713 20,653 14,9391999 94,265 86,969 89,908 64,048 37,157 26,890 25,861 -2,940 144 3,084 7,296 21,077 13,7802000 95,904 87,453 89,888 64,775 37,965 26,810 25,113 -2,435 150 2,585 8,452 22,951 14,4992001 92,181 83,384 85,240 62,033 36,200 25,833 23,207 -1,856 79 1,935 8,797 22,618 13,8212002 90,500 82,715 84,030 60,494 34,901 25,593 23,536 -1,315 66 1,381 7,785 22,222 14,4372003 97,295 85,001 85,375 62,616 37,742 24,874 22,758 -373 189 563 12,294 24,080 11,7862004 107,137 101,394 102,195 48,924 33,109 15,815 53,271 -801 437 1,238 5,743 20,241 14,4982005 104,807 100,048 100,852 50,086 33,561 16,525 50,766 -804 411 1,215 4,759 19,816 15,0572006 105,254 100,414 101,211 50,472 34,174 16,298 50,739 -797 309 1,107 4,840 19,990 15,1502007 102,010 99,223 100,617 53,058 36,585 16,473 47,559 -1,394 107 1,501 2,786 19,148 16,3622008 96,437 96,203 98,035 53,630 37,573 16,057 44,405 -1,832 49 1,881 234 18,321 18,0862009 86,601 88,270 89,669 51,144 36,783 14,361 38,525 -1,399 28 1,427 -1,669 15,281 16,9502010 89,306 92,209 93,689 53,326 38,092 15,234 40,363 -1,480 91 1,571 -2,903 15,870 18,7732011 89,167 94,254 95,507 54,216 38,937 15,279 41,291 -1,253 98 1,350 -5,087 15,716 20,8032012 90,744 95,017 96,270 55,629 40,613 15,016 40,641 -1,253 98 1,350 -4,273 15,526 19,7992013 87,319 95,125 95,499 54,416 39,828 14,588 41,083 -374 50 424 -7,806 16,486 24,2922014 86,714 93,565 93,881 53,416 39,949 13,467 40,465 -316 69 385 -6,851 16,999 23,8492015 84,979 92,061 92,465 53,735 40,100 13,635 38,730 -404 65 469 -7,082 16,160 23,2412016 85,798 91,824 91,949 53,854 40,695 13,159 38,095 -125 101 225 -6,027 16,812 22,8392017 84,152 90,852 90,872 53,206 40,137 13,069 37,666 -20 39 59 -6,700 16,518 23,218
aAmerican Forest and Paper Association (3); American Pulpwood Association (10).bChips produced from roundwood and byproducts from primary processing plants, such as slabs, edgings, and veneer cores.dHoward and Westby (20).eJohnson and others (24).pPreliminary.rRevised.
Roundwoodr,d
Consumption in U.S. millsPaper, board, and wood pulp
(pulpwood equivalent)Domestic productions
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
59
Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard-Yearc Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods1965 52.88 40.10 12.80 9.0 4.1 4.9 31.2 23.8 7.4 12.7 12.2 0.51966 56.29 42.10 14.20 10.3 4.4 5.9 33.1 25.4 7.7 12.9 12.3 0.61967 57.47 43.60 13.90 10.3 4.5 5.8 33.6 25.9 7.7 13.6 13.2 0.41968 60.73 46.60 14.10 9.8 4.3 5.5 36.5 28.3 8.2 14.4 14.0 0.41969 65.26 48.80 16.50 10.3 4.1 6.2 40.0 30.2 9.8 15.0 14.5 0.51970 67.58 50.70 16.90 11.3 4.6 6.7 41.1 31.4 9.7 15.2 14.7 0.51971 66.91 50.30 16.60 10.5 4.0 6.5 41.1 31.5 9.6 15.3 14.8 0.51972 69.02 51.00 18.00 10.7 4.0 6.7 42.3 31.7 10.6 16.0 15.3 0.71973 72.89 52.70 20.20 12.8 4.6 8.2 43.4 32.1 11.3 16.7 16.0 0.71974 77.96 55.80 22.20 13.9 5.1 8.8 46.1 33.6 12.5 18.0 17.1 0.91975 65.82 50.10 15.70 10.4 4.2 6.2 40.7 31.7 9.0 14.7 14.2 0.51976 73.25 54.10 19.10 12.2 4.8 7.4 44.3 33.2 11.1 16.7 16.1 0.61977 74.97 55.70 19.30 12.5 4.9 7.6 45.2 34.2 11.0 17.3 16.6 0.71978 76.45 55.30 21.20 13.0 5.2 7.8 47.7 35.0 12.7 15.8 15.1 0.71979 81.06 58.30 22.80 14.0 5.5 8.5 50.2 36.7 13.5 16.9 16.1 0.81980 84.03 60.60 23.40 14.3 5.7 8.6 50.7 36.9 13.8 19.0 18.0 1.01981 82.47 59.60 22.90 13.9 5.6 8.3 51.6 37.7 13.9 17.0 16.3 0.71982 77.86 56.30 21.60 13.1 5.9 7.2 50.2 36.6 13.6 14.6 13.8 0.81983 84.83 59.90 24.90 14.4 5.6 8.8 53.9 38.5 15.4 16.5 15.8 0.71984 86.38 61.10 25.30 14.7 6.0 8.7 54.4 38.7 15.7 17.3 16.4 0.91985 86.60 60.60 26.00 14.6 5.8 8.8 56.2 39.9 16.3 15.8 14.9 0.91986 92.50 64.00 28.50 15.2 5.7 9.5 59.9 42.0 17.9 17.4 16.3 1.11987 94.59 65.60 29.00 15.4 5.8 9.6 61.5 43.2 18.3 17.7 16.6 1.11988 95.03 65.70 29.30 14.8 5.4 9.4 61.8 42.9 18.9 18.4 17.4 1.01989 93.83 64.30 29.50 14.0 5.1 8.9 62.8 43.3 19.5 17.0 15.9 1.11990 93.94 63.10 30.80 14.0 5.0 9.0 65.4 44.6 20.8 14.5 13.5 1.01991 93.25 62.40 30.80 14.2 5.2 9.0 66.8 45.8 21.0 12.2 11.4 0.81992 95.24 59.80 35.40 13.9 5.0 8.9 70.9 45.0 25.9 10.4 9.8 0.61993 92.76 55.70 37.10 15.0 5.6 9.4 71.9 44.8 27.1 5.9 5.3 0.61994 95.33 56.10 39.20 15.4 5.6 9.8 74.7 45.8 28.9 5.2 4.7 0.51995 95.00 61.09 33.91 15.0 6.7 8.3 72.6 48.1 24.5 7.4 6.3 1.1 19951996 90.44 58.67 31.77 14.5 6.6 7.9 69.6 46.7 22.9 6.4 5.4 0.9 19961997 95.04 61.45 33.59 15.2 6.8 8.4 74.1 50.0 24.1 5.7 4.6 1.1 19971998 93.37 60.30 33.07 14.6 6.3 8.3 72.4 48.9 23.5 6.3 5.1 1.2 19981999 89.91 57.71 32.20 13.8 6.0 7.8 70.7 47.5 23.2 5.4 4.3 1.2 19992000 89.89 57.84 32.05 14.1 6.1 8.1 70.1 47.2 22.9 5.7 4.6 1.1 20002001 85.24 54.38 30.86 13.4 5.8 7.7 67.0 44.8 22.2 4.8 3.8 1.0 20012002 84.03 53.68 30.35 13.1 5.5 7.6 66.4 44.8 21.7 4.5 3.5 1.1 20022003 85.37 55.63 29.74 13.3 5.4 8.0 67.3 46.5 20.9 4.7 3.8 0.9 20032004 102.20 70.40 31.80 14.7 7.9 6.8 80.2 57.1 23.1 7.3 5.4 1.9 20042005 100.85 69.67 31.18 14.6 7.8 6.8 79.2 56.6 22.6 7.1 5.3 1.8 20052006 101.21 69.69 31.52 14.6 7.7 6.8 79.5 56.7 22.8 7.1 5.3 1.8 20062007 100.62 70.73 29.89 14.3 7.7 6.6 79.4 57.8 21.6 6.9 5.2 1.7 20072008 98.04 69.42 28.61 13.8 7.4 6.4 77.6 57.0 20.7 6.6 5.1 1.6 20082009 89.67 64.48 25.19 12.4 6.7 5.6 71.3 53.1 18.2 6.0 4.6 1.4 20092010 93.69 67.57 26.12 13.0 7.1 5.9 74.5 55.6 18.8 6.2 4.9 1.4 20102011 95.51 69.17 26.33 13.2 7.3 5.9 75.9 56.9 19.0 6.4 5.0 1.4 20112012 96.27 70.05 26.22 13.1 7.3 5.9 76.7 57.8 18.9 6.4 5.0 1.4 20122013 95.50 69.62 25.88 13.0 7.3 5.8 76.1 57.4 18.7 6.4 5.0 1.4 20132014 93.88 69.48 24.41 12.6 7.2 5.4 74.9 57.3 17.6 6.3 5.0 1.4 20142015 92.47 68.50 24.12 12.5 7.1 5.4 74.0 56.6 17.4 6.2 4.8 1.3 20152016 91.95 68.85 23.21 12.3 7.1 5.2 73.7 56.9 16.8 6.1 4.9 1.3 20162017 90.87 67.98 22.89 12.1 7.0 5.1 72.7 56.2 16.5 6.0 4.8 1.2 2017
aThe West includes: Alaska, Arizona, California, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, and Washington.The South includes: Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, 0.07Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia.The North includes: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New York,Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin.bAmerican Pulpwood Association (9); data may not add to totals because of rounding. All numbers were revised; values include chip production.cData for the years 1989 to present are domestic receipts at pulp mills.dHoward and others (20).eJohnson and others (24).
Table 25—Pulpwood production, by regiona and softwoods and hardwoods, 1965–2017 (million cords)b,d,e
All sections North South West
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Table 26—Pulpwood stumpage prices of Louisiana and northern New Hampshire, 1965–2017 (dollars per cord)
YearCurrent 2009 Current 2009 Current 2009 Current 2009dollars dollars d dollars dollars dollars dollars dollars dollars
1965 4.40 24.22 1.60 8.81 1.75 9.63 4.50 24.771966 4.55 24.34 1.70 9.10 2.60 13.91 5.25 28.091967 4.60 23.88 1.75 9.09 2.10 10.90 5.25 27.261968 4.65 23.13 1.85 9.20 2.00 9.95 5.25 26.121969 4.65 22.07 1.90 9.02 1.85 8.78 4.50 21.361970 4.70 21.18 1.95 8.79 1.75 7.89 4.50 20.281971 4.75 20.34 z z 1.75 7.49 4.50 19.271972 4.75 19.48 2.10 8.61 2.00 8.20 4.50 18.461973 5.20 20.18 2.40 9.31 2.00 7.76 4.50 17.461974 6.05 21.61 2.70 9.64 2.65 9.46 5.50 19.641975 6.40 20.93 2.80 9.16 2.65 8.67 6.00 19.621976 6.70 20.67 2.80 8.64 2.65 8.18 6.50 20.061977 7.10 20.56 2.95 8.54 2.65 7.67 6.50 18.821978 7.80 21.12 3.15 8.53 2.90 7.85 7.00 18.951979 9.30 23.30 3.65 9.14 3.75 9.39 8.00 20.041980 10.30 23.69 4.10 9.43 5.00 11.50 8.00 18.401981 12.65 26.63 4.30 9.05 5.00 10.53 8.00 16.841982 14.30 28.38 4.50 8.93 5.00 9.92 8.00 15.881983 14.85 28.31 4.80 9.15 5.00 9.53 8.50 16.211984 17.65 32.45 4.35 8.00 5.00 9.19 8.50 15.631985 15.20 27.10 4.40 7.84 4.00 7.13 9.00 16.051986 12.05 21.03 4.30 7.50 3.75 6.54 9.00 15.701987 13.85 23.49 5.35 9.07 3.75 6.36 9.00 15.261988 15.95 26.17 5.20 8.53 3.50 5.74 10.00 16.411989 18.33 28.96 5.54 8.75 4.00 6.32 11.00 17.381990 17.88 27.18 5.45 8.29 6.00 9.12 12.50 19.001991 20.80 30.62 8.19 12.06 6.00 8.83 14.00 20.611992 23.50 33.78 7.84 11.27 5.75 8.27 11.75 16.891993 25.07 35.19 9.77 13.71 6.00 8.42 16.50 23.161994 23.51 32.33 10.12 13.91 11.50 15.81 12.00 16.501995 24.35 32.77 10.40 14.00 z z z z
1996 23.84 31.49 12.63 16.68 z z z z
1997 23.95 31.01 15.05 19.49 z z z z
1998 29.24 37.40 17.06 21.82 2.95 3.78 2.27 2.911999 26.28 33.13 13.75 17.33 2.95 3.73 2.27 2.872000 23.33 28.82 10.32 12.74 2.73 3.37 2.50 3.092001 21.36 25.77 13.54 16.33 2.73 3.29 2.50 3.022002 19.52 23.29 14.94 17.82 2.73 3.25 2.50 2.982003 19.10 22.79 16.16 19.28 2.23 2.66 3.64 4.342004 18.88 21.18 16.44 18.44 2.64 2.96 4.05 4.542005 22.68 24.65 19.69 21.41 2.45 2.67 3.32 3.612006 18.50 19.51 14.67 15.47 2.50 2.64 3.13 3.302007 27.80 28.56 17.18 17.65 2.65 2.72 3.56 3.662008 27.20 27.40 20.25 20.40 4.85 4.89 6.18 6.232009 23.51 23.51 18.76 18.76 4.12 4.12 5.48 5.482010 25.60 25.33 25.27 25.00 4.42 4.37 7.73 7.652011 22.18 21.49 17.20 16.66 3.64 3.52 10.57 10.242012 22.40 21.33 23.91 22.77 3.16 3.01 4.08 3.882013 22.58 21.16 22.82 21.38 3.88 3.63 4.75 4.452014 22.40 20.69 23.91 22.08 3.13 2.89 4.38 4.042015 25.53 23.21 32.23 29.30 z z z z
2016 27.49 24.67 26.76 24.02 z z z z
2017 25.62 22.58 22.23 19.60 z z z z
aLouisiana Department of Agriculture, Office of Marketing (25). bNew Hampshire University, Cooperative Extention Service, andNew Hampshire Department of Resources and Economic Development (32).cIncludes tamarack.dDerived by dividing the price in current dollars by the Bureau of Labor Statistics producersprice index for all commodities (2009 = 100).zData not available.
Spruce and firNorthern New HampshirebLouisianaa
Hemlock and pinecHardwoodsSouthern pine
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Table 27—Pulpwood prices of Louisiana and northern New Hampshire, 1965–2017(dollars per standard cord, including bark)a
YearCurrent 2009 Current 2009 Current 2009 Current 2009 Current 2009dollars dollars e dollars dollars dollars dollars dollars dollars dollars dollars
1965 15.70 86.41 13.65 75.12 16.85 92.74 21.00 115.58 16.50 90.811966 16.50 88.28 14.80 79.19 17.75 94.97 22.00 117.71 17.50 93.631967 16.50 85.67 14.85 77.10 20.25 105.14 22.40 116.30 17.50 90.861968 17.00 84.58 16.30 81.09 19.55 97.26 22.15 110.20 z z
1969 17.75 84.24 17.40 82.58 19.45 92.31 23.20 110.11 18.90 89.701970 17.75 79.99 17.45 78.64 19.50 87.88 23.40 105.45 20.00 90.131971 z z z z 19.50 83.51 23.40 100.21 20.25 86.721972 19.25 78.96 19.00 77.93 19.25 78.96 23.75 97.42 22.00 90.241973 22.50 87.31 22.00 85.37 20.40 79.16 25.50 98.95 23.50 91.191974 28.30 101.07 24.95 89.11 21.25 75.89 30.00 107.14 26.50 94.641975 29.25 95.65 26.20 85.68 25.15 82.24 30.50 99.74 28.50 93.201976 30.45 93.95 26.10 80.53 30.40 93.80 31.50 97.19 31.65 97.661977 31.65 91.63 27.20 78.75 32.50 94.09 36.50 105.67 33.00 95.541978 34.55 93.56 28.30 76.63 34.50 93.42 39.00 105.61 35.00 94.771979 38.95 97.57 32.05 80.29 36.65 91.81 44.00 110.22 37.00 92.691980 41.45 95.35 33.60 77.29 36.65 84.31 46.00 105.82 41.50 95.471981 44.20 93.05 34.20 72.00 41.50 87.37 49.00 103.16 44.00 92.631982 46.95 93.19 35.25 69.97 41.50 82.37 49.00 97.26 44.00 87.341983 47.60 90.75 35.30 67.30 41.50 79.12 49.00 93.42 46.50 88.661984 42.75 78.60 z z 41.50 76.30 49.00 90.09 47.50 87.331985 49.20 87.72 37.50 66.86 41.50 73.99 49.00 87.36 46.50 82.901986 48.10 83.93 35.40 61.77 41.50 72.41 49.50 86.37 47.00 82.011987 50.65 85.89 45.35 76.90 41.50 70.37 49.50 83.94 47.00 79.701988 52.25 85.73 46.85 76.87 41.50 68.09 50.50 82.85 47.50 77.931989 55.19 87.19 46.49 73.44 41.50 65.56 50.50 79.78 51.00 80.571990 55.64 84.58 47.86 72.76 48.50 73.73 56.75 86.27 50.75 77.151991 61.04 89.87 52.37 77.11 50.00 73.62 66.75 98.28 50.75 74.721992 64.11 92.15 46.85 67.34 47.00 67.56 66.00 94.87 49.50 71.151993 66.15 92.86 51.54 72.35 49.00 68.78 65.00 91.24 49.50 69.481994 57.55 79.13 55.23 75.94 65.50 90.06 44.00 60.50 50.50 69.431995 67.93 91.41 73.06 98.32 z z z z z z
1996 62.55 82.63 57.45 75.89 z z z z z z
1997 72.30 93.62 70.19 90.88 z z z z z z
1998 74.87 95.77 58.55 74.89 49.77 63.66 27.50 35.18 58.50 74.831999 64.61 81.48 53.24 67.14 49.77 62.76 27.50 34.68 58.50 73.772000 59.11 73.00 51.53 63.64 49.77 61.47 22.83 28.20 58.50 72.252001 59.64 71.95 64.97 78.37 49.77 60.04 27.50 33.18 58.50 70.582002 60.66 72.37 65.59 78.25 49.77 59.38 27.50 32.81 58.50 69.792003 61.74 73.66 69.16 82.51 64.17 76.56 35.09 41.87 33.21 39.622004 62.41 70.02 67.28 75.49 66.13 74.19 34.25 38.42 33.30 37.362005 67.58 73.46 75.67 82.26 53.14 57.77 36.50 39.68 31.17 33.882006 61.45 64.81 67.41 71.09 66.25 69.87 25.00 26.37 32.00 33.752007 70.66 72.60 71.85 73.82 67.25 69.09 27.00 27.74 32.25 33.132008 79.70 80.31 81.90 82.53 69.50 70.03 40.63 40.94 32.25 32.502009 73.20 73.20 73.23 73.23 65.50 65.50 39.88 39.88 31.26 31.262010 78.73 77.90 83.34 82.46 95.75 94.74 17.00 16.82 148.68 147.112011 72.71 70.46 74.50 72.19 74.15 71.85 23.25 22.53 164.00 158.912012 75.97 72.35 84.08 80.08 72.00 68.57 38.25 36.43 108.75 103.572013 77.94 73.03 89.20 83.58 72.75 68.16 40.25 37.71 103.75 97.212014 77.93 71.98 93.69 86.53 82.40 76.11 40.25 37.18 103.75 95.832015 79.58 72.34 81.20 73.81 z z z z z z
2016 81.30 72.97 81.04 72.73 z z z z z z
2017 79.77 70.32 76.53 67.47 z z z z z z
aAll numbers reflect the delivered timber price.bTimberMart-South (39); Louisiana Department of Agriculture, Office of Marketing (25); f.o.b. car.cNew Hampshire University, Cooperative Extention Service, and New Hampshire Department ofResources and Economic Development (32).dIncludes tamarack, softwood hemlock, and softwood red pine.eDerived by dividing price in current dollars by the Bureau of Labor Statistics producer price.fLow grade average of four quarters.gAverage of four quarters.index for all commodities (2009 = 100).zNot Available.
Northern New Hampshirec
HardwoodsgLouisianab
Hemlock and pined Spruce and firfHardwoodsSouthern pine
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Table 28—Lumber production, imports, exports, and consumption, by softwoods and hardwoods, 1965–2017a
Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Year Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woodsb woods Total woods woods Total woods woods
Billion Billion Billion Billion Billion Billion Billion Billion Billion Billion Billion Billionboard board board board board board board board board board board board Board Board Boardfeet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet
1965 38.7 29.3 9.4 5.2 4.8 0.4 0.9 0.8 0.1 43.0 33.3 9.7 221 171 501966 38.6 28.8 9.8 5.1 4.8 0.3 1.0 0.9 0.2 42.7 32.8 10.0 217 167 511967 37.5 28.2 9.3 6.2 5.8 0.3 1.1 1.0 0.2 42.5 33.0 9.5 214 166 481968 38.0 29.3 8.7 6.3 5.9 0.4 1.2 1.0 0.1 43.2 34.1 9.1 215 170 451969 37.1 28.3 8.7 6.1 5.8 0.3 1.1 1.0 0.1 42.0 33.1 8.9 207 163 441970 35.9 27.5 8.3 7.6 7.2 0.4 1.2 1.1 0.1 42.2 33.6 8.6 206 164 421971 38.5 30.0 8.4 9.4 9.0 0.4 1.1 0.9 0.2 46.8 38.1 8.7 225 183 421972 39.5 31.0 8.5 9.6 9.0 0.5 1.4 1.2 0.2 47.6 38.8 8.8 227 185 421973 40.4 31.6 8.8 7.3 6.8 0.4 2.0 1.8 0.2 45.7 36.7 9.0 216 173 431974 36.2 27.7 8.4 6.0 5.7 0.3 1.8 1.6 0.2 40.4 31.9 8.5 189 149 401975 34.1 26.7 7.3 8.2 8.0 0.3 1.6 1.4 0.2 40.7 33.3 7.4 188 154 341976 37.7 29.7 8.0 10.7 10.4 0.3 1.8 1.6 0.2 46.5 38.5 8.1 213 176 371977 40.2 31.7 8.5 12.2 11.9 0.4 1.7 1.4 0.2 50.8 42.2 8.6 231 191 391978 41.0 32.1 9.0 11.5 11.2 0.4 1.7 1.4 0.4 50.8 41.9 8.9 228 188 401979 40.7 31.4 9.3 9.9 9.6 0.3 2.1 1.8 0.4 48.5 39.2 9.2 215 174 411980 35.4 26.2 9.2 9.5 9.2 0.3 2.5 2.0 0.5 42.4 33.5 9.0 186 147 391981 32.2 24.7 7.5 9.4 9.1 0.2 2.4 1.9 0.5 39.1 31.9 7.2 170 139 311982 31.8 23.8 8.0 12.3 12.0 0.3 2.0 1.6 0.4 42.0 34.1 7.9 181 147 341983 38.5 29.7 8.8 13.6 13.3 0.3 2.3 1.8 0.5 49.9 41.3 8.6 213 176 371984 41.3 31.2 10.1 15.0 14.6 0.4 2.2 1.6 0.5 54.1 44.2 9.9 229 187 421985 40.9 31.3 9.6 14.6 14.2 0.3 1.8 1.4 0.4 53.7 44.1 9.6 225 185 401986 45.8 35.3 10.5 15.2 14.7 0.5 2.4 1.9 0.5 58.6 48.1 10.5 243 200 441987 49.5 38.2 11.3 13.8 13.5 0.3 3.2 2.4 0.7 60.1 49.3 10.8 248 203 451988 49.9 38.1 11.7 15.3 14.9 0.3 4.4 3.2 1.2 60.7 49.8 10.9 248 203 451989 49.6 37.5 12.1 13.1 12.9 0.2 4.2 3.3 0.8 58.5 47.1 11.5 237 190 461990 48.1 35.8 12.3 11.7 11.5 0.2 4.6 3.8 0.8 55.3 43.6 11.7 221 174 471991 44.3 33.2 11.2 13.4 13.2 0.3 3.9 3.0 0.9 53.9 43.4 10.5 213 172 421992 45.9 34.5 11.4 15.4 15.1 0.3 3.5 2.6 0.9 57.9 47.0 10.8 227 184 421993 45.2 32.9 12.2 16.6 16.2 0.4 3.3 2.3 1.0 58.5 46.9 11.6 227 182 451994 46.5 34.1 12.4 17.6 17.2 0.4 3.1 2.1 1.0 61.0 49.2 11.7 234 189 451995 44.9 32.2 12.6 18.4 18.0 0.4 2.9 1.9 1.1 60.3 48.4 12.0 229 184 451996 45.8 33.3 12.5 18.5 18.0 0.5 2.9 1.8 1.1 61.3 49.5 11.8 231 186 451997 47.3 34.7 12.7 19.2 18.7 0.5 2.9 1.7 1.2 63.6 51.6 12.0 238 193 451998 47.4 34.7 12.7 19.9 19.2 0.7 2.2 1.1 1.1 65.1 52.7 12.3 241 195 461999 49.5 36.6 12.9 20.2 19.4 0.8 2.5 1.4 1.2 67.2 54.7 12.5 246 200 462000 48.6 36.0 12.6 20.7 20.1 0.6 2.7 1.4 1.3 66.6 54.6 11.9 236 194 422001 46.4 34.6 11.8 21.7 21.0 0.7 2.2 1.0 1.2 65.9 54.6 11.4 232 192 402002 47.6 35.8 11.8 22.0 21.2 0.8 2.2 1.0 1.2 67.4 56.1 11.3 234 195 392003 47.1 36.6 10.5 25.5 24.5 1.0 2.1 1.0 1.2 70.5 60.1 10.3 242 207 352004 50.1 39.1 11.1 25.8 24.7 1.1 2.1 0.8 1.3 73.8 62.9 10.9 251 214 372005 50.9 39.8 11.2 23.5 22.8 0.8 2.2 0.9 1.3 72.3 61.6 10.6 244 208 362006 49.7 38.7 11.0 18.9 18.4 0.5 2.4 0.9 1.4 66.3 56.2 10.1 229 194 352007 45.8 35.2 10.6 13.0 12.7 0.4 2.2 1.0 1.2 56.6 46.8 9.8 188 155 322008 36.0 29.2 6.8 9.2 8.9 0.4 2.1 1.2 0.9 43.1 36.8 6.2 141 121 202009 30.2 23.2 7.0 9.8 9.5 0.3 1.8 1.0 0.8 38.2 31.7 6.5 124 103 212010 30.5 24.8 5.7 9.6 9.3 0.3 2.4 1.3 1.1 37.7 32.7 4.9 122 106 162011 33.3 26.8 6.6 10.2 9.9 0.3 2.9 1.7 1.2 40.6 35.0 5.7 130 112 182012 34.8 28.3 6.5 11.7 11.4 0.4 2.9 1.6 1.3 43.6 38.0 5.6 139 121 182013 37.3 30.0 7.3 13.2 12.7 0.4 3.3 1.8 1.5 47.2 40.9 6.3 149 129 202014 39.8 31.5 8.3 14.4 13.9 0.5 3.4 1.7 1.7 50.9 43.7 7.1 159 137 222015 40.3 32.0 8.3 16.7 16.3 0.4 3.1 1.6 1.5 54.0 46.8 7.2 168 146 222016 40.8 32.5 8.3 16.1 15.7 0.4 3.3 1.6 1.7 53.6 46.6 7.0 166 144 222017 42.2 33.9 8.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.6 1.7 1.9 38.6 32.2 6.4 118 99 20
aU.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census (57); American Forest and Paper Association (4); Luppold and Dempsey (26);U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census (56); U.S. Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service (44); U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service (44); Hardwood Market Report (19): 2008–present.Western Wood Products Association (88); U.S International Trade Commission (86).Data may not add to totals because of rounding; data have been revised. bIncludes small volumes of mixed species (not classified as softwoods or hardwoods).
Per capita consumptionProduction Imports Exports Consumption
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
63
Table 29—Lumber production, by regiona and softwoods and hardwoods, 1965–2017 (billion board feet)b
Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Year Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods1965 38.7 29.3 9.4 4.4 1.1 3.3 12.7 6.8 5.9 21.6 21.4 0.21966 38.6 28.8 9.8 4.5 1.1 3.4 12.9 6.7 6.2 21.2 21.0 0.21967 37.5 28.2 9.3 5.3 1.7 3.6 12.5 6.7 5.8 19.7 19.6 0.11968 38.0 29.3 8.7 4.5 1.1 3.4 12.2 7.0 5.2 21.3 21.2 0.11969 37.1 28.3 8.7 4.6 1.1 3.5 12.3 7.3 5.0 20.1 19.9 0.21970 35.9 27.5 8.3 4.4 1.0 3.4 12.0 7.2 4.8 19.4 19.3 0.11971 38.5 30.0 8.4 4.4 1.1 3.3 12.9 7.9 5.0 21.1 21.0 0.11972 39.5 31.0 8.5 4.4 1.1 3.3 13.0 8.0 5.0 22.1 21.9 0.21973 40.4 31.6 8.8 4.6 1.1 3.5 13.2 8.0 5.2 22.6 22.5 0.11974 36.2 27.7 8.4 4.4 1.1 3.3 11.9 7.0 4.9 19.8 19.6 0.21975 34.1 26.7 7.3 4.1 1.1 3.0 11.1 7.0 4.1 18.8 18.6 0.21976 37.7 29.7 8.0 6.3 1.8 4.5 16.5 13.4 3.1 14.9 14.5 0.31977 40.2 31.7 8.5 6.7 1.9 4.8 17.6 14.3 3.3 15.9 15.6 0.31978 41.0 32.1 9.0 7.0 1.9 5.1 17.9 14.4 3.5 16.1 15.7 0.41979 40.7 31.4 9.3 7.1 1.9 5.3 17.8 14.1 3.6 15.8 15.4 0.41980 35.4 26.2 9.2 6.8 1.6 5.2 15.4 11.8 3.6 13.2 12.9 0.41981 32.2 24.7 7.5 5.7 1.5 4.3 14.0 11.1 2.9 12.4 12.1 0.31982 31.8 23.8 8.0 3.9 1.1 2.8 13.5 8.8 4.7 14.4 14.1 0.31983 38.5 29.7 8.8 4.4 1.3 3.1 15.7 10.3 5.4 18.4 18.2 0.21984 41.3 31.2 10.1 4.6 1.2 3.4 17.1 10.7 6.4 19.6 19.4 0.21985 40.9 31.3 9.6 4.6 1.2 3.4 15.9 10.2 5.7 20.4 20.2 0.21986 45.8 35.3 10.5 5.0 1.4 3.6 18.8 11.7 7.1 22.0 21.8 0.21987 49.5 38.2 11.3 5.3 1.5 3.8 19.9 12.3 7.6 24.3 24.0 0.31988 49.9 38.1 11.7 5.3 1.4 3.9 20.7 12.7 8.0 23.9 23.6 0.31989 49.6 37.5 12.1 4.4 1.2 3.2 21.2 12.3 8.9 24.0 23.7 0.31990 48.1 35.8 12.3 3.9 1.5 2.4 22.5 12.6 9.9 21.7 21.3 0.41991 44.3 33.2 11.2 4.8 1.5 3.3 20.0 12.1 7.9 19.5 19.1 0.41992 45.9 34.5 11.4 4.7 1.6 3.1 21.1 13.0 8.1 20.1 19.7 0.41993 45.2 32.9 12.2 7.8 1.9 5.9 21.0 15.4 5.6 16.4 16.0 0.41994 46.5 34.1 12.4 8.0 1.9 6.1 21.8 16.0 5.8 16.7 16.3 0.41995 44.9 32.2 12.6 8.1 1.9 6.1 21.1 15.3 5.8 15.6 15.2 0.41996 45.8 33.3 12.5 7.9 2.0 5.9 22.0 15.7 6.3 15.8 15.4 0.41997 47.3 34.7 12.7 8.6 1.4 7.2 22.6 17.7 4.9 16.1 15.6 0.51998 47.4 34.7 12.7 8.6 1.4 7.3 22.6 17.7 5.0 16.1 15.6 0.51999 49.5 36.6 12.9 8.8 1.5 7.4 23.7 18.7 5.0 17.0 16.5 0.52000 48.6 36.0 12.6 8.6 1.4 7.2 23.3 18.3 4.9 16.7 16.2 0.52001 46.4 34.6 11.8 8.1 1.4 6.7 22.3 17.6 4.6 16.0 15.6 0.52002 47.6 35.8 11.8 8.1 1.4 6.7 22.9 18.3 4.6 16.6 16.1 0.52003 47.1 36.6 10.5 7.4 1.5 6.0 22.8 18.7 4.1 16.9 16.5 0.42004 50.1 39.1 11.1 7.9 1.6 6.3 24.2 19.9 4.3 18.0 17.6 0.42005 50.9 39.8 11.2 8.0 1.6 6.4 24.6 20.3 4.4 18.3 17.9 0.42006 49.7 38.7 11.0 7.9 1.5 6.3 24.0 19.8 4.3 17.9 17.4 0.42007 45.8 35.2 10.6 7.5 1.4 6.1 22.1 17.9 4.1 16.2 15.8 0.42008 36.0 29.2 6.8 5.1 1.2 3.9 17.5 14.9 2.6 13.4 13.1 0.32009 30.2 23.2 7.0 4.9 0.9 4.0 14.6 11.9 2.7 10.7 10.5 0.32010 30.5 24.8 5.7 4.2 1.0 3.2 14.9 12.6 2.2 11.4 11.2 0.22011 33.3 26.8 6.6 4.8 1.1 3.8 16.2 13.6 2.6 12.3 12.0 0.32012 34.8 28.3 6.5 4.9 1.1 3.8 17.0 14.4 2.5 13.0 12.7 0.32013 37.3 30.0 7.3 5.4 1.2 4.2 18.2 15.3 2.9 13.8 13.5 0.32014 39.8 31.5 8.3 6.0 1.3 4.8 19.3 16.1 3.2 14.5 14.2 0.32015 40.3 32.0 8.3 6.2 1.5 4.8 19.9 16.7 3.2 14.2 13.9 0.32016 40.8 32.5 8.3 6.1 1.3 4.8 20.6 17.3 3.2 14.2 13.9 0.32017 42.2 33.9 8.3 6.4 1.6 4.8 21.5 18.2 3.2 14.4 14.1 0.3
aThe West includes: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon,South Dakota, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. The South includes: Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia.The North includes the remaining 24 states.bAmerican Forest and Paper Association (4); Hardwood Market Report (19): 2008–present.Data may not add to totals because of rounding. cWestern Wood Products Association (86).
All regions North South Westc
Research Paper FPL–RP–701
64
Tabl
e 30
—Lu
mbe
r pr
oduc
tion
in th
e U.
S., 1
965–
2017
(mill
ion
boar
d fe
et)
Lupp
old
and
Year
Howa
rda
89 R
PAb
USDC
c,r
AF&P
Ad,r
WW
PAe
Adam
sfFi
nalg
Howa
rda
89 R
PAb
Tota
lW
est
AF&P
AdW
WPA
eAd
amsf
Dem
psey
h,r
Fina
li,r
1965
29,2
9529
,295
29,2
9529
,240
28,2
3028
,149
29,2
959,
440
9,43
17,
467
161
7,65
57,
467
9,44
79,
279
9,44
019
6628
,847
28,8
4728
,847
z27
,973
27,8
7928
,847
9,77
19,
771
7,73
720
4z
7,73
79,
782
9,56
79,
771
1967
28,1
7228
,172
28,1
72z
27,0
6926
,978
28,1
729,
311
9,31
17,
430
197
z7,
430
9,32
09,
114
9,31
119
6829
,285
30,2
2429
,285
z28
,936
28,8
3229
,285
8,43
08,
432
7,18
815
6z
7,18
88,
795
8,57
98,
735
1969
28,3
4228
,342
28,3
42z
27,9
0028
,193
28,3
427,
844
7,84
97,
482
157
z7,
482
8,73
98,
570
8,72
719
7027
,530
27,2
9727
,530
z27
,107
27,0
0127
,530
7,71
57,
701
7,13
812
7z
7,13
88,
340
8,20
38,
330
1971
30,0
3930
,040
30,0
39z
29,4
3229
,327
30,0
398,
107
8,10
66,
949
142
z6,
949
8,45
48,
305
8,44
719
7230
,975
30,9
7530
,975
z30
,873
30,7
6330
,975
8,24
58,
230
6,77
013
9z
6,77
08,
502
8,35
58,
494
1973
31,5
8631
,586
31,5
86z
31,2
8931
,149
31,5
868,
792
8,79
27,
009
151
z7,
008
8,80
28,
641
8,79
219
7427
,704
28,3
5727
,704
z27
,193
27,0
5927
,704
8,44
88,
448
6,90
418
9z
6,90
48,
459
8,25
98,
448
1975
26,7
4726
,148
26,7
47z
25,7
1125
,602
26,7
477,
304
7,30
45,
872
146
z5,
872
7,30
97,
158
7,30
419
7630
,600
30,2
7430
,571
29,6
9329
,693
29,5
1029
,693
7,97
77,
978
6,42
717
77,
801
6,41
77,
983
7,80
07,
977
1977
32,7
0032
,159
32,6
6131
,737
31,7
3731
,496
31,7
378,
500
8,50
06,
701
184
8,31
76,
680
8,50
68,
316
8,50
019
7833
,500
32,5
8533
,467
32,0
5732
,057
31,6
9832
,057
8,96
08,
959
7,03
123
28,
728
8,72
88,
963
8,72
88,
960
1979
33,3
0031
,942
33,2
5531
,432
31,4
3231
,044
31,4
329,
308
9,30
57,
314
238
9,06
99,
069
9,31
39,
070
9,30
819
8028
,200
26,9
6628
,239
26,2
4626
,246
25,6
3226
,246
9,14
79,
087
7,11
529
78,
860
8,86
09,
160
8,86
09,
157
1981
25,4
0024
,956
25,4
3224
,676
24,6
7624
,518
24,6
768,
046
8,01
86,
252
334
7,14
77,
147
7,37
87,
146
7,48
019
8223
,787
24,0
9824
,949
23,7
8723
,787
23,6
3123
,787
7,94
67,
854
5,06
132
97,
668
7,66
87,
995
7,66
77,
996
1983
29,7
2629
,991
28,9
2629
,726
29,7
2629
,547
29,7
268,
767
8,82
25,
627
211
8,55
68,
556
8,76
88,
556
8,76
719
8431
,174
31,1
9230
,801
31,1
7431
,174
30,9
4531
,174
9,84
49,
826
6,26
421
19,
865
9,86
510
,082
9,87
910
,090
1985
31,3
2130
,853
30,4
7931
,321
31,3
2131
,092
31,3
219,
537
9,47
45,
966
204
8,86
68,
866
9,59
79,
394
9,59
719
8635
,273
34,7
0034
,815
35,2
7335
,273
35,0
0335
,273
10,3
4710
,311
7,18
424
910
,877
10,8
7710
,819
10,2
2810
,477
1987
38,3
25z
37,4
1038
,235
38,2
3538
,039
38,2
3511
,263
z7,
476
253
11,6
9511
,695
11,4
6511
,010
11,2
6319
8838
,130
z36
,845
38,1
3038
,130
37,8
2638
,130
11,7
41z
7,73
127
512
,170
12,1
7012
,151
11,4
6611
,741
1989
37,5
45z
36,0
4037
,545
37,2
2537
,225
37,5
4511
,944
z7,
536
313
12,4
1512
,415
12,2
3611
,743
12,0
5619
9035
,791
z36
,224
35,7
9135
,459
35,4
5935
,791
12,0
21z
7,24
237
412
,660
12,6
6012
,369
11,9
4712
,321
1991
33,1
61z
33,0
6433
,161
32,8
0032
,800
33,1
6111
,046
z6,
766
363
11,6
3311
,633
11,3
8310
,805
11,1
6819
9234
,526
z33
,704
34,5
2634
,151
34,1
5134
,526
11,4
23z
7,05
041
611
,639
11,6
3911
,630
11,0
0711
,423
1993
32,9
47z
34,7
2532
,947
32,5
1732
,517
32,9
4711
,732
z10
,631
438
11,9
1411
,914
12,1
7011
,781
12,2
1919
9434
,107
z35
,556
34,1
0733
,657
33,6
5734
,107
11,1
08z
10,9
1044
512
,311
12,3
1112
,311
11,9
4012
,385
1995
32,2
33z
33,0
4332
,233
31,7
8231
,782
32,2
3311
,307
z10
,928
441
12,4
3412
,434
12,4
3412
,203
12,6
4419
9633
,266
z34
,065
33,2
6632
,859
32,8
5933
,266
12,7
25z
10,6
9044
9z
z12
,705
12,0
3912
,488
1997
34,6
67z
35,4
5734
,667
34,6
6334
,662
34,6
6712
,921
z11
,103
468
zz
z12
,205
12,6
7319
9834
,677
z35
,896
34,6
7734
,678
z34
,677
12,7
29z
11,3
6740
7z
zz
12,3
2212
,729
1999
36,6
05z
38,0
3336
,605
36,8
16z
36,6
0512
,927
z12
,523
508
zz
z12
,419
12,9
2720
0035
,964
z37
,147
35,9
6435
,965
z35
,964
12,5
98z
12,2
9851
8z
zz
12,0
8012
,598
2001
34,5
81z
35,4
7934
,581
34,5
79z
34,5
8111
,834
z11
,109
475
zz
z11
,359
11,8
3420
0235
,830
z36
,329
35,8
3036
,418
z35
,830
11,7
50z
11,1
2247
0z
zz
11,2
8011
,750
2003
36,6
07z
36,6
8736
,607
36,6
08z
36,6
0710
,494
z10
,494
386
zz
z10
,494
10,4
9420
0439
,075
z38
,502
39,0
7539
,112
z39
,075
11,0
59z
10,9
5439
1z
zz
11,0
5911
,059
2005
39,7
70z
39,7
7039
,770
40,7
85z
39,7
7011
,158
z11
,158
398
zz
z11
,158
11,1
5820
0638
,726
z37
,718
38,7
2638
,726
z38
,726
11,0
14z
11,0
2636
3z
zz
11,0
1411
,014
2007
35,1
58z
33,7
5135
,158
35,1
58z
35,1
5810
,608
z10
,608
445
zz
z10
,608
10,6
0820
0829
,177
z27
,363
29,1
7729
,177
z29
,177
6,78
7z
6,49
629
1z
zz
6,49
66,
787
2009
23,2
40z
21,9
1223
,240
23,2
40z
23,2
406,
989
z5,
010
241
zz
z5,
010
6,98
920
1024
,802
z23
,718
24,8
0224
,802
z24
,802
5,65
9z
5,33
932
0z
zz
z5,
659
2011
26,7
54z
z26
,754
26,7
54z
26,7
546,
230
zz
320
zz
zz
6,55
020
1228
,256
zz
28,2
5628
,256
z28
,256
6,21
5z
z32
0z
zz
z6,
535
2013
29,9
82z
z29
,982
29,9
82z
29,9
827,
019
zz
320
zz
zz
7,33
920
1431
,490
zz
31,4
9024
,646
z31
,490
8,31
5z
zz
zz
zz
8,31
520
1532
,028
zz
zz
z32
,028
8,27
6z
zz
zz
zz
8,27
620
1632
,535
zz
zz
z32
,535
8,30
4z
zz
zz
zz
8,30
420
1733
,888
zz
zz
z33
,888
8,30
8z
zz
zz
zz
8,30
8a Da
ta d
eriv
ed fr
om T
able
28.
b U.S.
Dep
artm
ent o
f Agr
icul
ture
, For
est S
ervi
ce (5
4).
c U.
S. D
epar
tmen
t of C
omm
erce
, Bur
eau
of th
e Ce
nsus
(60)
.d 19
50–1
965:
Nat
iona
l For
est P
rodu
cts
Asso
ciat
ion.
196
6. F
ores
t Ind
ustry
fact
s 19
66. W
ashi
ngto
n, D
C: N
atio
nal F
ores
t Pro
duct
s As
soci
atio
n. 3
1 p.
1986
–Pre
sent
: Am
eric
an F
ores
t and
Pap
er A
ssoc
iatio
n (4
).e W
este
rn W
ood
Prod
ucts
Ass
ocia
ton
(88)
.f Ad
ams,
Dar
ius
(1).
g Fina
l est
imat
ed F
ores
t Ser
vice
sof
twoo
d lu
mbe
r pro
duct
ion
serie
s: 1
950–
1975
: USD
C Bu
reau
of t
he C
ensu
s. 1
998.
197
6–pr
esen
t AF&
PA 1
998
(7).
h Fore
st S
ervi
ce (2
6). E
stim
ated
Eas
tern
har
dwoo
d lu
mbe
r pro
duct
ion.
i Fina
l est
imat
ed F
ores
t Ser
vice
har
dwoo
d lu
mbe
r pro
duct
ion
serie
s: 1
965–
1998
: Lup
pold
and
Dem
psey
(26)
plu
s US
DC B
urea
u of
the
Cens
us 1
998
– W
est (
62).
Hard
wood
Mar
ket R
epor
t (19
): 20
08–p
rese
nt.
r 1996
–199
9 nu
mbe
rs re
vise
d.z No
t ava
ilabl
e.
USDC
c,r
Softw
ood
Hard
wood
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
65
Year Total Canada Mexico Otherb Totalc Canada Mexico Otherb Total Canada Mexico Otherb
1965 5,232.4 5,016.6 10.1 205.7 4,898.1 4,855.7 8.1 34.3 334.3 160.9 2.0 171.41966 5,200.0 4,920.9 5.2 273.9 4,779.2 4,730.4 3.7 45.1 420.8 190.5 1.5 228.81967 5,140.8 4,902.5 5.6 232.7 4,798.1 4,747.1 3.1 47.9 342.7 155.4 2.5 184.81968 6,154.2 5,899.2 4.0 251.0 5,809.1 5,750.0 3.2 55.9 345.1 149.2 0.8 195.11969 6,300.6 5,963.4 6.6 330.6 5,854.0 5,784.4 5.8 63.8 446.6 179.0 0.8 266.81970 6,114.4 5,867.6 7.5 239.3 5,777.7 5,722.5 5.5 49.7 336.7 145.1 2.0 189.61971 7,589.4 7,314.5 6.5 268.4 7,231.7 7,172.0 4.9 54.8 357.7 142.5 1.6 213.61972 9,433.6 9,029.2 20.5 383.9 8,984.8 8,877.8 18.6 88.4 448.8 151.4 1.9 295.51973 9,568.6 8,999.3 20.4 548.9 9,019.9 8,843.9 17.5 158.5 548.7 155.4 2.9 390.41974 7,270.8 6,847.3 6.1 417.4 6,821.1 6,732.2 2.4 86.5 449.7 115.1 3.7 330.91975 5,975.8 5,738.8 28.5 208.5 5,723.8 5,677.0 0.4 46.4 252.0 61.8 28.1 162.11976 8,246.8 7,995.3 1.0 250.5 7,958.5 7,912.6 0.8 45.1 288.3 82.7 0.2 205.41977 10,713.3 10,408.0 7.0 298.3 10,369.6 10,327.0 1.2 41.4 343.7 81.0 5.8 256.91978 12,214.6 11,879.4 11.9 323.3 11,853.2 11,776.7 11.3 65.2 361.4 102.7 0.6 258.11979 11,529.5 11,187.6 4.7 337.2 11,153.3 11,100.9 3.1 49.3 376.2 86.7 1.6 287.91980 9,866.1 9,618.7 2.9 244.5 9,572.9 9,546.3 2.5 24.1 293.2 72.4 0.4 220.41981 9,523.2 9,285.4 1.8 236.0 9,232.1 9,208.1 1.5 22.5 291.1 77.3 0.3 213.51982 9,360.5 9,191.8 6.5 162.2 9,149.5 9,114.9 1.1 33.5 211.0 76.9 5.4 128.71983 12,253.5 12,039.6 13.6 200.3 11,993.0 11,962.7 12.0 18.3 260.5 76.9 1.6 182.01984 13,632.1 13,342.8 14.6 274.7 13,304.4 13,252.3 11.8 40.3 327.7 90.5 2.8 234.41985 14,995.6 14,636.1 12.2 347.3 14,632.0 14,531.7 11.8 88.5 363.6 104.4 0.4 258.81986 14,585.1 14,250.0 32.8 302.3 14,238.2 14,142.3 31.9 64.0 346.9 107.7 0.9 238.31987 15,191.5 14,763.3 55.1 373.1 14,680.4 14,600.8 54.1 25.5 511.1 162.5 1.0 347.61988 13,777.8 12,999.2 72.9 705.7 13,473.0 12,855.2 72.5 545.2 304.8 144.0 0.3 160.51989 15,258.4 13,964.2 193.4 1,100.8 14,909.0 13,761.2 193.0 954.8 349.4 202.9 0.4 146.01990 13,106.7 11,918.4 360.4 827.8 12,875.0 11,804.7 360.3 710.0 231.7 113.6 0.2 117.81991 11,725.2 11,517.6 48.0 159.6 11,515.0 11,410.8 47.8 56.4 210.2 106.8 0.2 103.21992 13,449.9 13,207.9 53.3 188.7 13,190.0 13,055.1 53.1 81.9 259.9 152.8 0.2 106.81993 15,399.5 15,059.7 51.7 288.1 15,086.0 14,856.2 51.6 178.3 313.5 203.5 0.2 109.81994 16,593.3 16,103.5 51.6 438.1 16,224.0 15,871.6 51.4 301.0 369.3 231.9 0.2 137.11995 17,556.3 16,989.5 108.8 458.0 17,202.0 16,780.5 106.2 315.3 354.3 209.0 2.7 142.71996 18,397.8 17,823.6 120.9 453.3 18,021.0 17,593.2 117.6 310.2 376.8 230.4 3.3 143.11997 18,451.2 17,535.7 124.4 791.1 18,000.0 17,235.5 120.0 644.5 451.2 300.2 4.4 146.61998 19,234.5 18,227.8 70.1 936.7 18,685.7 17,838.0 66.5 781.2 548.8 389.8 3.5 155.51999 19,854.2 18,486.5 58.3 1,309.4 19,178.0 18,021.2 56.9 1,099.9 676.2 465.4 1.4 209.52000 20,243.3 18,615.6 31.3 1,596.4 19,448.6 18,104.8 30.5 1,313.4 794.7 510.8 0.8 283.02001 20,720.1 18,930.3 27.7 1,762.1 20,074.5 18,503.0 27.2 1,544.3 645.6 427.3 0.5 217.82002 21,724.1 19,397.3 19.6 2,307.2 20,985.6 18,922.8 19.2 2,043.7 738.5 474.5 0.4 263.62003 21,981.2 19,709.0 15.3 2,256.9 21,187.7 19,257.8 15.0 1,914.9 793.5 451.2 0.3 342.02004 25,492.9 21,330.7 20.0 4,142.3 24,498.3 20,844.3 19.2 3,634.8 994.6 486.4 0.7 507.52005 25,753.1 21,840.7 16.0 3,896.5 24,678.0 21,367.6 15.0 3,295.4 1,075.1 473.1 1.0 601.02006 23,527.3 20,367.0 12.9 3,147.4 22,764.3 20,017.4 11.9 2,735.0 763.1 349.6 1.0 412.42007 18,906.0 16,775.4 13.1 2,117.6 18,385.0 16,571.6 12.2 1,801.2 521.0 203.7 0.8 316.42008 13,042.2 11,652.8 8.9 1,380.5 12,681.0 11,516.6 7.7 1,156.7 361.2 136.2 1.2 223.82009 9,236.3 8,393.0 3.5 839.8 8,855.0 8,303.0 2.1 549.9 381.3 90.0 1.4 289.92010 9,768.7 9,150.5 2.8 615.4 9,468.0 9,033.0 2.0 433.0 300.7 117.5 0.8 182.42011 9,632.8 8,945.5 2.3 685.1 9,289.0 8,848.0 1.4 439.6 343.8 97.5 0.9 245.52012 10,171.5 9,633.2 2.5 535.8 9,864.0 9,528.0 1.3 334.7 307.5 105.2 1.2 201.22013 11,712.9 11,043.9 2.9 666.1 11,358.0 10,915.0 1.0 442.0 354.9 128.9 1.9 224.12014 13,170.1 12,311.0 5.1 854.1 12,729.0 12,138.0 0.8 590.2 441.1 173.0 4.3 263.92015 14,429.2 13,412.7 7.6 1,008.8 13,947.0 13,259.0 1.9 686.1 482.2 153.7 5.7 322.82016 16,730.0 15,554.9 15.4 1,159.8 16,323.0 15,404.0 1.8 917.2 407.0 150.9 13.6 242.62017 16,058.4 14,478.8 3.8 1,575.8 15,704.0 14,317.0 2.9 1,384.1 354.4 161.8 0.9 191.6
aU.S. Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service (44); U.S. International Trade Commission (86,87); U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census (58,60); Western Wood Products Association (88).Data may not add to totals because of rounding.bFor the years 1974 to 1977, all imports with a value of less than $500 are included in Other.cIncludes small volumes of hardwoods.
Table 31—United States lumber imports, by softwoods and hardwoods and country of origin, 1965–2017 (million board feet)a
All species Softwoods Hardwoods
Research Paper FPL–RP–701
66
Cent
ral
Cent
ral
Cent
ral
and
and
and
Euro
pean
Sout
hEu
rope
anSo
uth
Euro
pean
Sout
hYe
arTo
tal
Cana
daUn
ionb
Amer
icac
Japa
nO
ther
Tota
lCa
nada
Unio
nAm
eric
aJa
pan
Oth
erTo
tal
Cana
daUn
ion
Amer
ica
Japa
nO
ther
1965
919.
128
5.1
249.
41.
110
5.7
277.
877
8.9
184.
022
9.3
1.0
103.
126
1.5
140.
210
1.1
20.1
0.1
2.6
16.3
1966
1,02
2.6
309
250.
21.
317
4.4
287.
786
7.9
186.
523
0.3
1.2
171.
327
8.6
154.
712
2.5
19.9
0.1
3.1
9.1
1967
1,12
9.5
338
261.
01.
126
5.8
263.
696
5.2
207.
624
1.0
1.1
260.
725
4.8
164.
313
0.4
20.0
0.0
5.1
8.8
1968
1,16
1.7
295.
430
4.3
1.2
288.
627
2.2
1,04
8.1
210.
428
8.9
1.1
284.
826
2.9
113.
685
.015
.40.
13.
89.
319
691,
142.
228
527
8.3
1.1
317.
326
0.5
1,02
3.8
198.
326
4.6
1.0
309.
625
0.3
118.
486
.713
.70.
17.
710
.219
701,
243.
426
9.9
299.
31.
338
3.5
289.
41,
115.
520
2.6
281.
81.
135
9.6
270.
412
7.9
67.3
17.5
0.2
23.9
19.0
1971
1,09
3.6
289.
323
9.0
1.0
323.
124
1.2
933.
320
6.3
213.
80.
928
7.4
224.
916
0.3
83.0
25.2
0.1
35.7
16.3
1972
1,42
8.3
419.
528
6.0
1.0
478.
724
3.1
1,19
1.1
290.
126
7.9
0.9
407.
222
5.0
237.
212
9.4
18.1
0.1
71.5
18.1
1973
1,96
5.9
548.
451
7.0
1.2
569.
133
0.2
1,75
2.7
388.
548
8.3
1.0
564.
431
0.5
213.
215
9.9
28.7
0.2
4.7
19.7
1974
1,76
5.4
522.
334
7.4
1.1
573.
932
0.7
1,56
6.5
382.
231
1.3
1.0
570.
530
1.5
198.
914
0.1
36.1
0.1
3.4
19.2
1975
1,61
8.1
549.
424
4.9
1.3
516.
830
5.7
1,40
5.4
397.
521
8.7
1.1
515.
327
2.8
212.
715
1.9
26.2
0.2
1.5
32.9
1976
1,84
6.0
619.
735
4.5
1.4
478.
039
2.4
1,60
5.5
437.
931
6.3
1.3
475.
137
4.9
240.
518
1.8
38.2
0.1
2.9
17.5
1977
1,66
5.6
537.
433
6.6
1.5
439.
635
0.5
1,42
7.7
365.
528
8.6
1.4
436.
733
5.5
237.
917
1.9
48.0
0.1
2.9
15.0
1978
1,74
0.9
648.
434
7.4
1.3
411.
333
2.5
1,35
3.9
374.
425
7.6
1.3
407.
631
3.0
387.
027
4.0
89.8
0.0
3.7
19.5
1979
2,14
2.4
651.
545
6.1
2.0
647.
642
9.3
1,78
1.3
427.
634
5.6
1.9
640.
536
5.7
361.
122
3.9
110.
50.
17.
119
.519
802,
494.
063
1.3
594.
73.
664
8.9
628.
32,
006.
538
8.3
429.
23.
263
3.9
551.
948
7.5
243.
016
5.5
0.4
15.0
63.6
1981
2,40
6.3
729.
139
8.3
4.0
524.
372
3.3
1,92
7.8
509.
123
4.4
3.6
506.
567
4.2
478.
522
0.0
163.
90.
417
.876
.419
822,
020.
841
8.9
410.
63.
162
7.9
589.
81,
634.
926
1.9
248.
22.
961
0.7
511.
238
5.9
157.
016
2.4
0.2
17.2
49.1
1983
2,26
9.9
664.
145
8.8
2.3
631.
656
2.3
1,75
5.6
433.
229
0.6
2.0
595.
343
4.5
514.
323
0.9
168.
20.
336
.378
.619
842,
150.
455
5.7
345.
02.
760
2.4
615.
21,
623.
634
7.7
212.
02.
154
5.0
516.
852
6.8
208.
013
3.0
0.6
57.4
127.
819
851,
792.
843
1.3
277.
05.
361
7.6
509.
71,
420.
130
0.7
177.
34.
757
4.2
363.
237
2.7
130.
699
.70.
643
.498
.419
862,
387.
751
0.1
395.
310
.688
8.3
617.
71,
888.
436
1.2
253.
310
.082
7.0
436.
949
9.3
148.
914
2.0
0.6
61.3
146.
519
873,
172.
864
852
8.1
9.0
1,20
0.5
855.
42,
447.
044
5.8
309.
58.
11,
077.
260
6.4
725.
820
2.2
218.
60.
912
3.3
180.
819
884,
390.
775
3.7
891.
05.
01,
532.
41,
165.
73,
227.
549
3.9
490.
53.
51,
280.
095
9.6
1,16
3.2
259.
840
0.5
1.5
252.
424
9.0
1989
4,16
4.9
642.
767
3.1
7.7
1,61
4.2
1,19
9.1
3,33
9.6
457.
139
7.0
6.7
1,45
7.8
1,02
1.0
825.
318
5.6
276.
11.
015
6.4
206.
119
904,
565.
665
7.6
685.
86.
71,
270.
31,
994.
03,
752.
942
2.7
412.
06.
01,
145.
11,
767.
181
2.8
234.
927
3.8
0.7
125.
217
8.1
1991
3,88
0.4
564.
875
3.7
10.7
1,21
5.7
1,33
5.2
2,99
9.5
365.
442
9.2
10.2
1,08
6.1
1,10
8.6
880.
919
9.4
324.
50.
512
9.6
226.
919
923,
498.
157
1.7
735.
19.
31,
112.
91,
083.
52,
567.
331
3.8
399.
28.
31,
003.
684
2.5
930.
825
8.0
335.
91.
010
9.3
226.
619
933,
255.
256
6.0
548.
14.
71,
180.
598
0.9
2,29
1.5
267.
024
2.8
3.7
1,06
3.2
714.
896
3.7
299.
030
5.3
1.0
117.
424
1.0
1994
3,08
1.6
610.
754
3.8
7.2
1,05
6.6
897.
02,
078.
028
5.5
230.
56.
495
8.4
597.
21,
003.
532
5.1
313.
30.
898
.226
6.1
1995
2,92
9.4
650.
351
3.4
5.9
978.
281
0.0
1,87
2.1
312.
520
1.5
4.7
871.
648
1.8
1,05
7.3
337.
831
1.9
1.2
106.
629
9.8
1996
2,87
8.5
664.
348
5.3
7.2
961.
377
9.8
1,78
8.7
312.
317
8.2
5.3
860.
743
2.2
1,08
9.8
352.
030
7.1
1.9
100.
632
8.2
1997
2,93
3.4
713.
359
2.3
15.9
796.
681
5.3
1,70
9.4
329.
320
6.2
14.0
692.
246
7.7
1,22
4.0
384.
038
6.1
1.9
104.
434
7.6
1998
2,18
9.4
576.
356
0.8
15.3
355.
468
1.5
1,12
9.2
230.
620
7.0
10.8
297.
538
3.3
1,06
0.2
345.
735
3.8
4.5
57.9
298.
219
992,
548.
665
9.3
555.
811
.135
3.2
969.
11,
366.
525
5.4
214.
27.
328
8.7
600.
91,
182.
140
4.0
341.
63.
964
.536
8.1
2000
2,70
0.0
700.
750
6.5
12.7
325.
41,
154.
71,
400.
026
5.2
151.
810
.627
4.8
697.
61,
300.
043
5.6
354.
72.
150
.645
7.1
2001
2,19
0.3
571.
339
1.3
5.1
226.
699
6.0
968.
818
6.4
86.3
2.4
180.
251
3.4
1,22
1.5
384.
930
4.9
2.7
46.4
482.
620
02r
2,18
5.7
585.
035
7.7
4.1
154.
81,
084.
196
6.4
174.
473
.22.
311
5.2
601.
31,
219.
341
0.6
284.
51.
839
.648
2.7
2003
2,11
7.6
633.
434
7.8
2.9
149.
098
4.5
957.
020
1.5
76.0
1.4
111.
556
6.6
1,16
0.6
431.
927
1.8
1.5
37.5
417.
920
042,
097.
762
9.3
339.
67.
411
9.3
1,00
2.2
821.
018
9.9
53.9
2.1
82.5
492.
61,
276.
743
9.4
285.
75.
236
.850
9.6
2005
2,19
1.1
649.
034
5.7
10.0
79.5
1,10
6.8
897.
022
6.8
65.8
5.6
49.2
549.
71,
294.
142
2.3
280.
04.
430
.355
7.1
2006
2,35
9.3
624.
538
4.3
8.6
81.8
1,26
0.1
930.
023
4.7
77.7
3.1
49.7
564.
81,
429.
338
9.8
306.
65.
532
.169
5.3
2007
2,19
3.0
599.
335
6.4
10.6
84.9
1,14
1.8
993.
024
5.9
82.4
6.9
65.4
592.
51,
200.
035
3.5
274.
13.
719
.454
9.3
2008
2,14
7.6
570.
823
1.8
18.8
114.
71,
211.
51,
203.
027
5.6
40.0
16.5
100.
477
0.4
944.
629
5.2
191.
82.
314
.344
1.0
2009
1,78
4.0
455.
417
4.6
24.4
127.
51,
002.
198
3.0
255.
824
.922
.211
3.9
566.
280
1.0
199.
614
9.7
2.2
13.6
435.
820
102,
425.
062
0.8
209.
221
.817
8.6
1,39
4.6
1,34
7.0
379.
130
.819
.716
0.0
757.
31,
078.
024
1.66
178.
42.
018
.663
7.3
2011
2,85
5.6
572.
619
6.4
9.3
195.
51,
881.
71,
667.
033
3.6
29.1
6.8
173.
51,
124.
11,
188.
623
9.06
167.
32.
522
.175
7.7
2012
2,90
0.4
633.
516
6.2
18.3
188.
81,
893.
61,
582.
037
7.0
19.7
14.7
162.
01,
008.
61,
318.
425
6.52
146.
43.
726
.888
5.0
2013
3,25
0.4
636.
216
4.0
17.9
206.
91,
614.
21,
788.
038
3.0
20.6
14.4
179.
11,
191.
01,
462.
425
3.21
143.
43.
527
.81,
034.
420
143,
387.
159
9.5
195.
918
.116
1.7
2,41
1.9
1,73
4.0
334.
032
.813
.212
6.8
1,22
7.2
1,65
3.1
265.
4816
3.0
4.8
35.0
1,18
4.7
2015
3,05
6.2
533.
117
3.9
23.7
153.
42,
172.
11,
563.
031
0.5
29.2
17.7
124.
91,
080.
81,
493.
222
2.68
144.
76.
028
.51,
091.
420
163,
260.
955
2.9
188.
825
.412
9.6
2,36
4.1
1,60
2.0
332.
040
.217
.610
2.9
1,10
9.3
1,65
8.9
220.
9414
8.6
7.9
26.6
1,25
4.8
2017
3,58
4.6
549.
417
2.5
27.1
121.
52,
714.
11,
700.
031
7.0
28.5
20.6
93.8
1,24
0.1
1,88
4.6
232.
3914
4.0
6.5
27.7
1,47
4.0
a U.S.
Inte
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196
5–20
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ard
feet
)a
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
67
Table 33—Lumbera production in Canada, by softwoods and hardwoods and region, 1965–2017 (billion board feet)b
Other British OtherYear All species Total Total Coast Interior Canada Total Columbia Canada1965 10.8 10.3 7.4 3.6 3.8 2.9 0.5 z 0.51966 10.6 10.0 7.3 3.7 3.6 2.7 0.6 z 0.61967 10.3 9.7 7.1 3.9 3.2 2.6 0.6 z 0.61968 11.4 10.8 7.8 4.1 3.7 3.0 0.6 d 0.61969 11.5 11.0 7.7 3.8 3.9 3.3 0.5 d 0.51970 11.3 10.8 7.7 3.8 3.9 3.1 0.5 d 0.51971 12.8 12.3 9.0 4.2 4.8 3.3 0.5 d 0.51972 13.9 13.4 9.5 4.0 5.5 3.9 0.5 d 0.51973 15.5 14.9 10.4 4.4 6.0 4.5 0.6 d 0.61974 13.6 13.0 8.7 3.4 5.3 4.3 0.6 d 0.61975 11.5 11.1 7.4 2.5 4.9 3.7 0.4 d 0.41976 15.6 15.1 10.6 4.0 6.6 4.5 0.5 d 0.51977 17.6 17.2 12.0 4.5 7.5 5.2 0.4 d 0.41978 19.0 18.4 12.5 4.8 7.7 5.9 0.6 d 0.61979 19.8 19.3 12.9 4.7 8.2 6.4 0.5 d 0.51980 19.0 18.4 11.9 4.2 7.7 6.5 0.6 d 0.61981 17.0 16.6 10.4 3.5 6.9 6.2 0.4 d 0.41982 15.6 15.2 9.9 3.0 6.9 5.3 0.4 d 0.41983 20.5 20.1 13.0 4.1 8.9 7.1 0.4 d 0.41984 20.7 20.2 13.1 3.9 9.2 7.1 0.5 d 0.51985 22.0 21.6 13.6 3.6 10.0 8.0 0.4 d 0.41986 22.4 21.9 13.1 3.7 9.4 8.8 0.5 d 0.51987 26.2 25.6 15.9 4.7 11.2 9.7 0.6 d 0.61988 25.7 25.1 15.6 4.6 11.0 9.5 0.6 d 0.61989 25.0 24.5 15.2 4.1 11.1 9.3 0.5 d 0.51990 23.1 22.7 14.2 3.8 10.4 8.5 0.4 d 0.41991 21.9 21.5 13.3 3.5 9.8 8.2 0.4 d 0.41992 23.6 23.1 14.1 3.5 10.6 9.0 0.5 d 0.51993 25.3 24.8 14.4 3.6 10.8 10.4 0.5 d 0.51994 26.1 25.6 14.3 3.7 10.6 11.3 0.5 d 0.51995 26.0 25.5 13.8 3.5 10.4 11.7 0.5 d 0.51996 27.0 26.6 13.8 3.5 10.4 12.7 0.4 d 0.41997 27.4 27.1 13.4 3.3 10.0 13.7 0.4 d 0.41998 27.5 27.2 12.8 2.7 10.1 14.4 0.4 d 0.41999 29.5 29.2 13.5 2.8 10.7 15.7 0.4 d 0.42000 29.8 29.4 13.6 2.9 10.8 15.8 0.4 d 0.42001 28.2 27.8 12.8 2.2 10.5 15.0 0.4 d 0.42002 30.9 29.5 13.7 2.2 11.5 15.8 1.4 d 1.42003 29.8 29.4 13.7 2.2 11.6 15.7 0.4 d 0.42004 30.3 29.9 13.9 2.2 11.8 16.0 0.4 d 0.42005 26.3 25.9 13.1 z z 12.8 0.4 d 0.42006 34.0 33.6 17.4 z z 16.2 0.4 d 0.42007 30.3 29.9 15.5 z z 14.4 0.4 d 0.42008 24.1 23.7 11.9 z z 11.7 0.4 d 0.42009 19.2 18.8 9.7 z z 9.1 0.4 d 0.42010 22.6 22.2 11.5 z z 10.7 0.4 d 0.42011 22.8 22.4 12.3 z z 10.1 0.4 d 0.42012 23.6 23.2 12.3 z z 10.9 0.4 d 0.42013 24.8 24.4 12.7 z z 11.7 0.4 d 0.42014 25.3 24.6 12.6 z z 12.0 0.6 d 0.42015 27.4 26.7 13.2 z z 13.5 0.7 d 0.42016 29.0 28.3 13.6 z z 14.8 0.7 d 0.42017 28.9 28.3 12.9 z z 15.4 0.6 d 0.4
aDoes not include sawn ties.bNatural Resources Canada (30); Statistics Canada (36,37,38); Wood Markets (90); Bilateral Trade-Canada; Western Wood Products Association (88).Data may not add to totals because of rounding.cIncludes small volumes of hardwoods.dFewer than 50 million board feet.zNot Available.
Softwoods HardwoodsBritish Columbiac
Research Paper FPL–RP–701
68
Table 34—Lumber and competing engineered wood products production, by type of product, 1970–2017
Wood laminated Oriented SoftwoodYear veneer lumbera Wood glulama Wood I-joistsa strandboard plywood Hardwood Softwood
Million MillionMillion Million Million square feet square feet Billion Billion
cubic feet board feet linear feet (3/8-in. basis) (3/8-in. basis) board feet board feet1970 z z z z 14,340 8.3 27.51971 z z z z 16,635 8.4 30.01972 z z z z 18,324 8.5 31.01973 z z z z 18,305 8.8 31.61974 z z z z 15,878 8.4 27.71975 z z z z 16,050 7.3 26.71976 z z z z 18,440 8.0 29.71977 z z z z 19,376 8.5 31.71978 z z z z 19,964 9.0 32.11979 z z z z 19,653 9.3 31.41980 3 204 45 135 16,333 9.2 26.21981 4 190 45 271 16,752 7.5 24.71982 4 164 54 557 15,846 8.0 23.81983 5 192 63 1,341 19,480 8.8 29.71984 5 229 72 2,042 19,926 10.1 31.21985 7 246 90 2,669 20,169 9.6 31.31986 8 330 99 3,513 22,118 10.5 35.31987 9 279 108 4,076 22,899 11.3 38.21988 11 298 108 4,604 22,599 11.7 38.11989 12 322 117 5,105 21,385 12.1 37.51990 16 324 122 5,418 20,919 12.3 35.81991 16 265 158 5,613 18,652 11.2 33.21992 17 258 252 6,653 19,332 11.4 34.51993 21 239 358 7,002 19,315 12.2 32.91994 23 264 380 7,486 19,638 12.4 34.11995 28 282 358 7,903 19,367 12.6 32.21996 32 309 444 9,314 19,181 12.5 33.31997 38 300 547 10,534 17,963 12.7 34.71998 41 287 619 11,227 17,776 12.7 34.71999 48 316 733 11,612 17,816 12.9 36.62000 48 356 693 11,906 17,475 12.6 36.02001 53 335 746 12,532 15,121 11.8 34.62002 56 321 756 13,426 15,200 11.8 35.82003 68 344 1,075 13,615 14,706 10.5 36.62004 86 402 1,282 14,271 14,665 11.1 39.12005 91 491 1,263 14,985 14,330 11.2 39.82006 80 461 804 14,960 13,428 11.0 38.72007 68 358 656 14,763 12,243 10.6 35.22008 47 256 424 13,003 10,237 6.8 29.22009 30 167 257 9,598 8,608 7.0 23.22010 37 176 299 10,299 9,131 5.7 24.82011 38 184 293 10,039 8,980 6.6 26.82012 46 204 359 11,038 9,181 6.5 28.32013 54 230 422 12,492 9,346 7.3 30.02014 60 233 457 13,008 8,985 8.3 31.52015 61 252 465 13,283 8,751 8.3 32.02016 65 257 482 13,922 8,809 8.3 32.52017 73 271 518 14,609 9,026 8.3 33.9
aAPA – The Engineered Wood Association (11,12).bU.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census (62); American Forest and Paper Association (4);Western Wood Products Association (89); Luppold and Dempsey (26). Hardwood Market Report (19): 2008–present.zData not available.
LumberbStructural panelsa
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
69
Table 35—Producer price indexes for lumber and selected nonwood competing materials, 1965–2017
Allcom-
Year modities Actual Relativeb Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative1965 18.7 33.7 18.4 30.2 20.2 28.9 20.4 15.7 84.1 17.1 91.6 37.1 21.71966 19.3 35.2 19.3 32.2 21.6 30.4 21.5 16.5 85.5 18.8 97.6 41.4 24.21967 19.3 35.1 19.2 32.2 21.6 31.1 22.0 17.0 88.1 18.8 97.3 38.1 22.31968 19.8 39.8 21.8 37.8 25.3 37.5 26.5 20.5 103.4 21.4 108.1 39.8 23.21969 20.6 44.0 24.1 42.3 28.3 41.8 29.6 22.5 109.1 23.7 115.1 45.8 26.81970 21.3 39.9 21.8 36.6 24.5 35.2 24.9 18.5 86.5 21.5 100.9 43.7 25.51971 22.0 44.7 24.5 43.8 29.3 44.0 31.1 23.8 108.2 25.2 114.3 43.2 25.21972 23.0 50.7 27.7 51.3 34.3 52.1 36.8 27.4 119.2 28.5 123.7 48.1 28.11973 26.0 62.2 34.0 66.0 44.2 66.6 47.1 35.6 136.9 35.3 135.5 64.4 37.61974 30.9 64.5 35.3 66.6 44.6 65.7 46.5 36.4 117.6 34.6 112.0 72.2 42.21975 33.8 62.1 34.0 61.9 41.4 62.4 44.1 36.0 106.6 33.0 97.6 61.1 35.71976 35.3 72.2 39.5 75.0 50.2 77.1 54.5 42.7 120.8 40.8 115.5 67.1 39.21977 37.5 83.0 45.4 89.0 59.6 92.5 65.4 49.6 132.1 49.3 131.3 76.3 44.61978 40.4 96.9 53.0 103.7 69.4 107.6 76.1 57.8 142.9 57.2 141.5 89.9 52.51979 45.5 105.5 57.7 114.0 76.3 118.1 83.5 65.3 143.4 60.9 133.9 99.1 57.91980 51.9 101.5 55.5 104.9 70.2 107.3 75.9 60.1 115.7 55.9 107.6 96.0 56.11981 56.7 102.8 56.2 104.6 70.0 106.6 75.4 53.0 93.6 54.8 96.8 97.3 56.81982 57.8 100.0 54.7 100.0 66.9 100.0 70.7 45.3 78.3 53.7 92.9 100.0 58.41983 58.6 107.9 59.0 113.5 76.0 115.0 81.3 61.5 105.0 60.1 102.6 108.1 63.11984 60.0 108.0 59.1 112.5 75.3 110.0 77.8 55.8 93.0 60.1 100.2 121.8 71.11985 59.7 106.6 58.3 109.6 73.4 107.4 76.0 57.3 96.0 56.5 94.7 117.1 68.41986 58.0 107.2 58.6 110.5 74.0 108.4 76.7 56.4 97.3 56.4 97.3 118.2 69.01987 59.5 112.8 61.7 118.2 79.1 116.1 82.1 56.6 95.3 61.3 103.1 126.8 74.11988 61.8 118.9 65.0 122.1 81.7 120.0 84.9 61.5 99.4 60.4 97.7 131.0 76.51989 64.9 126.7 69.3 125.7 84.1 127.1 89.9 68.7 105.8 58.1 89.5 128.2 74.91990 67.3 129.7 71.0 124.6 83.4 123.8 87.6 62.7 93.2 59.8 88.8 131.0 76.51991 67.4 132.1 72.3 124.9 83.6 125.7 88.9 63.2 93.8 59.7 68.6 128.5 75.11992 67.8 146.6 80.2 144.7 96.9 148.6 105.1 76.6 113.1 70.1 103.5 140.7 82.21993 68.8 174.0 95.2 183.4 122.8 193.0 136.5 107.6 156.5 90.7 131.9 163.3 95.41994 69.6 180.0 98.5 188.4 126.1 198.1 140.1 107.1 153.7 98.0 140.8 168.3 98.31995 72.1 178.1 97.4 173.4 116.1 178.5 126.2 90.0 124.9 89.7 124.4 167.0 97.51996 73.9 176.1 96.3 179.8 120.3 189.5 134.0 103.8 140.6 95.4 129.2 163.9 95.71997 73.8 183.8 100.5 194.5 130.2 206.5 146.0 100.0 135.5 100.0 135.5 174.1 101.71998 71.9 179.1 98.0 179.5 120.1 182.7 129.2 84.2 117.1 95.1 132.1 178.7 104.41999 72.6 183.6 100.4 188.2 126.0 196.0 138.6 96.1 132.3 99.8 137.5 177.3 103.62000 76.8 178.2 97.5 178.8 119.7 178.6 126.3 83.9 109.3 86.5 112.7 185.9 108.62001 77.6 174.4 95.4 171.6 114.9 170.1 120.3 80.7 103.9 82.0 105.6 181.3 105.92002 75.8 173.3 94.8 170.6 114.2 170.8 120.8 80.8 106.6 78.0 102.9 178.3 104.12003 79.9 177.4 97.0 174.3 116.7 170.8 120.8 80.0 100.2 78.1 97.8 188.8 110.32004 84.8 195.6 107.0 203.6 136.3 209.8 148.4 - - - - 199.3 116.42005 91.0 196.5 107.5 198.6 132.9 203.6 144.0 - - - - 196.6 114.82006 95.3 194.4 106.3 188.6 126.2 189.4 133.9 - - - - 195.3 114.12007 100.0 192.4 105.3 174.7 116.9 170.5 120.6 - - - - 192.4 112.42008 109.7 191.3 104.6 163.5 109.4 156.3 110.5 - - - - 184.5 107.82009 100.0 182.8 100.0 149.4 100.0 141.4 100.0 - - - - 171.2 100.02010 106.8 192.7 105.4 167.3 112.0 160.8 113.7 - - - - 187.3 109.42011 116.3 194.7 106.5 166.6 111.5 160.5 113.5 - - - - 185.8 108.52012 116.9 201.6 110.3 172.5 115.5 171.7 121.4 - - - - 183.7 107.32013 117.6 214.9 117.6 198.7 133.0 199.8 141.3 - - - - 208.4 121.72014 118.75 224.2 122.6 214.9 143.8 205.6 145.4 - - - - 241.9 141.32015 110.1 221.9 121.4 199.3 133.4 192.7 136.3 - - - - 221.1 129.12016 107.2 222.7 121.8 201.8 135.1 198.8 140.6 - - - - 218.1 127.42017 111.9 230.2 125.9 217.2 145.4 223.6 158.1 - - - - 219.8 128.4*Discontinued series.
All lumber All Douglas-fir*Softwood lumber
(2009 = 100)a
Lumber and All hardwoodSouthern pine* lumberwood products
Research Paper FPL–RP–701
70
Year Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative1965 13.1 70.0 9.8 52.7 z z 11.3 60.7 10.9 58.31966 13.4 69.6 10.1 52.3 z z 11.5 59.7 11.0 57.31967 13.6 70.2 10.3 53.4 35.7 185.0 11.8 61.0 11.3 58.41968 13.9 70.2 10.7 54.3 37.2 188.2 12.1 61.2 11.6 58.61969 14.7 71.4 11.2 54.4 39.1 190.0 12.6 61.0 12.1 58.81970 15.8 74.1 11.7 54.7 41.3 193.3 13.2 62.0 12.8 60.01971 16.1 73.1 12.2 55.1 44.0 199.5 14.2 64.5 13.8 62.81972 16.7 72.6 12.5 54.1 43.7 189.9 14.8 64.3 14.4 62.61973 18.0 69.1 12.9 49.5 43.3 166.4 15.5 59.6 15.0 57.81974 23.3 75.3 15.2 49.2 46.0 148.7 17.9 57.7 17.3 55.91975 25.1 74.4 16.8 49.7 49.6 147.0 20.1 59.5 19.4 57.41976 26.6 75.2 17.7 50.1 53.5 151.4 21.2 60.1 20.8 58.81977 28.3 75.4 19.5 51.9 57.4 152.9 22.6 60.2 22.2 59.11978 30.8 76.1 21.5 53.1 61.7 152.5 25.2 62.4 24.7 61.11979 35.1 77.2 23.7 52.1 65.6 144.1 28.8 63.2 28.1 61.81980 38.8 74.7 26.3 50.7 70.1 135.0 32.3 62.1 31.7 61.11981 40.7 71.8 28.8 50.8 75.9 133.9 34.3 60.5 33.8 59.71982 40.9 70.7 30.0 51.9 79.1 136.7 35.1 60.7 34.5 59.61983 41.6 71.0 30.8 52.6 82.0 139.9 35.6 60.7 34.9 59.61984 42.8 71.4 32.0 53.3 80.2 133.6 36.5 60.8 36.0 60.01985 42.7 71.5 32.2 53.9 80.4 134.7 37.7 63.2 36.9 61.91986 42.2 72.8 32.7 56.4 82.6 142.5 38.3 66.1 37.2 64.11987 43.8 73.6 33.6 56.5 84.7 142.5 38.4 64.5 37.0 62.31988 48.5 78.5 36.7 59.4 86.7 140.3 38.6 62.4 37.2 60.21989 50.7 78.1 39.0 60.1 86.7 133.6 39.0 60.1 37.7 58.11990 50.2 74.7 39.4 58.6 85.0 126.3 39.8 59.2 38.6 57.41991 49.1 72.9 40.4 59.9 83.7 124.2 40.9 60.7 39.6 58.71992 48.7 71.9 40.5 59.7 84.3 124.3 41.1 60.7 39.7 58.61993 48.7 70.8 41.0 59.6 84.8 123.3 42.2 61.3 41.0 59.61994 51.0 73.2 42.6 61.2 87.3 125.3 43.7 62.7 42.7 61.31995 55.0 76.2 47.0 65.1 89.5 124.1 45.4 62.9 44.5 61.71996 53.5 72.5 47.8 64.7 87.0 117.7 46.7 63.3 45.9 62.21997 53.9 73.0 48.3 65.5 85.6 116.0 47.7 64.6 46.8 63.41998 52.2 72.6 48.5 67.4 84.7 117.8 49.1 68.3 48.2 67.01999 66.7 91.9 77.5 106.8 92.5 127.5 67.1 92.5 65.7 90.62000 68.6 89.3 78.9 102.8 95.4 124.3 69.1 90.0 67.5 88.02001 67.1 86.5 79.9 102.9 97.4 125.5 70.9 91.3 69.0 88.92002 67.4 88.9 80.3 105.9 96.7 127.5 71.4 94.1 69.0 90.92003 69.2 86.6 81.2 101.7 96.5 120.8 71.8 89.9 69.2 86.72004 80.1 94.4 84.0 99.0 94.4 111.3 75.3 88.8 72.9 85.92005 86.1 94.6 88.4 97.1 96.5 106.0 82.8 91.0 81.6 89.62006 97.2 102.0 92.2 96.7 98.7 103.5 91.2 95.6 91.2 95.72007 103.6 103.6 94.3 94.3 99.3 99.3 95.1 95.1 95.1 95.12008 114.0 104.0 98.3 89.6 100.8 91.9 98.4 89.7 97.6 89.02009 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.02010 111.1 104.0 99.5 93.1 96.7 90.5 98.4 92.1 97.6 91.42011 120.9 104.0 104.7 90.0 98.1 84.4 98.5 84.7 97.0 83.42012 117.7 100.7 108.0 92.4 99.7 85.2 100.5 85.9 99.2 84.92013 114.3 97.1 108.2 91.9 102.6 87.2 103.3 87.8 102.2 86.92014 115.6 97.4 109.0 91.8 104.9 88.3 107.6 90.6 106.9 90.02015 107.2 97.3 111.7 101.4 109.0 98.9 111.9 101.6 111.9 101.62016 104.0 97.0 112.5 104.9 114.5 106.8 115.4 107.7 116.0 108.22017 111.2 99.4 116.2 103.8 115.7 103.3 118.8 106.1 119.7 107.0
concreteproducts sash, and trim Flat glass products
Table 35—Producer price indexes for lumber and selected nonwood competing materials, 1965–2017(2009 = 100)a—con.
Metals and metal Metal doors, Concrete Ready mixed
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
71
Year Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative1965 29.6 158.4 12.9 69.1 12.0 64.2 33.2 177.6 13.6 72.91966 30.0 155.6 13.5 70.2 11.8 61.3 33.0 171.5 13.5 70.21967 30.6 158.4 13.2 68.3 11.9 61.5 31.5 163.0 13.4 69.51968 31.5 159.2 13.7 69.3 12.3 62.2 31.7 160.2 13.8 69.71969 32.5 157.9 13.7 66.3 12.3 59.7 31.7 153.9 13.4 65.21970 33.4 156.5 13.4 62.9 11.8 55.4 31.1 145.9 13.5 63.11971 34.9 158.5 16.7 75.7 13.0 58.9 30.4 138.1 14.0 63.31972 35.0 152.2 17.6 76.6 13.6 59.1 30.2 131.3 14.0 60.91973 36.4 140.0 18.3 70.2 14.3 55.1 31.8 122.1 14.1 54.31974 39.8 128.6 25.1 81.1 16.3 52.7 34.9 112.7 16.9 54.51975 44.5 131.7 28.8 85.2 17.1 50.5 36.0 106.7 19.9 59.01976 47.8 135.2 30.5 86.4 18.3 51.8 37.1 104.9 21.9 62.01977 48.6 129.5 32.5 86.7 21.8 58.0 38.4 102.3 23.1 61.51978 48.4 119.6 38.1 94.2 27.2 67.2 39.7 98.3 24.2 59.91979 52.4 115.1 41.6 91.4 29.9 65.7 40.9 89.8 26.7 58.71980 55.4 106.8 49.2 94.7 30.4 58.5 44.5 85.8 30.6 59.01981 60.2 106.2 47.4 83.6 30.4 53.6 49.5 87.2 32.2 56.91982 63.4 109.6 46.6 80.6 30.4 52.5 50.1 86.5 32.8 56.81983 65.8 112.3 43.9 74.9 33.9 57.9 51.2 87.3 33.8 57.61984 68.3 113.8 45.5 75.9 41.1 68.6 52.7 87.9 34.8 58.01985 71.8 120.3 46.9 78.5 40.2 67.3 52.2 87.5 36.3 60.81986 75.4 130.1 45.1 77.9 41.6 71.8 53.6 92.4 37.2 64.31987 78.0 131.2 42.8 72.1 38.0 64.0 54.7 92.0 38.1 64.11988 80.6 130.4 44.0 71.2 34.3 55.5 56.5 91.4 40.2 65.11989 82.5 127.1 44.6 68.7 33.4 51.5 57.8 89.1 42.7 65.71990 84.0 124.8 44.7 66.4 32.0 47.5 58.6 87.1 43.7 64.91991 83.1 123.3 44.8 66.6 30.2 44.8 58.9 87.4 45.7 67.81992 84.0 124.0 44.0 64.9 30.5 44.9 58.6 86.5 46.6 68.81993 84.6 123.0 44.2 64.3 32.9 47.8 58.4 84.9 47.7 69.31994 85.9 123.4 43.3 62.2 41.3 59.3 59.0 84.7 48.4 69.51995 87.5 121.3 45.6 63.2 46.9 65.1 60.0 83.1 50.3 69.81996 87.6 118.7 45.4 61.5 46.8 63.3 61.2 82.8 50.5 68.41997 87.7 118.8 45.0 61.0 51.9 70.3 61.8 83.7 50.7 68.71998 117.7 163.6 43.9 61.0 83.1 115.5 75.8 105.4 77.7 108.01999 118.2 162.9 43.6 60.1 97.3 134.0 74.9 103.2 77.2 106.42000 115.2 150.2 45.9 59.7 94.2 122.7 76.5 99.7 77.6 101.12001 106.7 137.4 47.4 61.0 73.2 94.2 77.2 99.5 76.5 98.62002 93.1 122.8 48.9 64.5 79.0 104.2 77.4 102.0 77.2 101.82003 93.1 116.5 50.7 63.5 80.2 100.4 79.4 99.4 78.8 98.72004 93.5 110.2 51.0 60.1 93.0 109.6 81.3 95.9 80.6 94.92005 95.9 105.3 57.3 63.0 107.4 118.0 87.5 96.1 85.4 93.82006 98.0 102.8 62.8 65.9 128.6 134.9 92.7 97.3 88.5 92.82007 97.9 97.9 64.1 64.1 109.0 109.0 93.8 93.8 90.8 90.82008 101.0 92.1 81.0 73.9 99.7 90.9 95.7 87.3 97.2 88.72009 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.02010 100.2 93.8 100.4 94.0 96.6 90.5 100.9 94.4 102.6 96.12011 99.8 85.8 103.6 89.1 94.4 81.2 104.6 90.0 109.3 94.02012 99.2 84.9 101.4 86.7 107.7 92.1 106.9 91.4 115.1 98.42013 102.8 87.4 105.3 89.5 125.7 106.8 107.5 91.3 115.1 97.82014 102.4 86.2 102.9 86.7 135.9 114.5 110.1 92.7 115.1 96.92015 105.7 96.0 102.3 92.9 137.1 124.5 110.9 100.7 115.1 104.52016 108.4 101.1 101.6 94.8 139.0 129.6 110.8 103.3 116.6 108.72017 104.9 93.7 101.1 90.4 151.0 134.9 110.9 99.1 117.6 105.0aU.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics (79).bDerived by dividing the actual price index by the all commodities price index.cCeramic floor and wall tile.dPrepared asphalt and tar roofing and siding products.zNot available.
2009 114.1 218.1 213.8 163.5 198.0
floor coveringCeramic tilec roofingd Gypsum products floor covering
Table 35—Producer price indexes for lumber and selected nonwood competing materials, 1965–2017(2009 = 100)a—con.
Prepared asphalt Soft surface Hard surface
Research Paper FPL–RP–701
72
Table 36—Relativea producer price index for lumber, 1800–2017 (2009 = 100)b
All All All All All AllYear lumber Year lumber Year lumber Year lumber Year lumber Year Lumber1800 5.0 1840 12.6 1881 20.7 1922 40.3 1963 75.1 2004 136.31801 5.2 1841 13.0 1882 21.1 1923 43.7 1964 76.7 2005 132.91802 6.2 1842 12.9 1883 20.9 1924 39.8 1965 20.2 2006 126.21803 5.3 1843 12.6 1884 22.4 1925 38.3 1966 21.6 2007 116.91804 5.3 1844 13.3 1885 22.9 1926 38.2 1967 21.6 2008 109.41805 5.4 1845 14.7 1886 23.7 1927 37.4 1968 25.3 2009 100.01806 5.5 1846 13.9 1887 23.7 1928 35.4 1969 28.3 2010 112.01807 5.9 1847 13.4 1888 23.1 1929 37.5 1970 24.5 2011 111.51808 5.8 1848 13.9 1889 23.1 1930 37.5 1971 29.3 2012 115.51809 5.4 1849 14.1 1890 23.6 1931 36.0 1972 34.3 2013 133.01810 5.1 1850 14.8 1891 23.2 1932 34.8 1973 44.2 2014 143.81811 5.1 1851 14.3 1892 24.1 1933 40.5 1974 44.6 2015 133.41812 4.8 1852 15.7 1893 23.8 1934 42.7 1975 41.4 2016 135.11813 4.3 1853 15.2 1894 26.3 1935 38.7 1976 50.2 2017 145.41814 3.6 1854 14.8 1895 24.6 1936 40.8 1977 59.61815 6.4 1855 15.6 1896 25.9 1937 44.1 1978 69.41816 7.1 1856 16.0 1897 25.1 1938 42.6 1979 76.31817 6.2 1857 16.5 1898 25.4 1939 45.7 1980 70.21818 5.8 1858 16.4 1899 26.0 1940 49.8 1981 70.01819 6.7 1859 16.0 1900 26.8 1941 53.2 1982 66.91820 7.5 1860 16.0 1901 27.3 1942 51.0 1983 76.01821 7.5 1861 15.6 1902 26.7 1943 51.9 1984 75.31822 7.1 1862 14.2 1903 28.4 1944 56.2 1985 73.41823 7.5 1863 13.6 1904 26.5 1945 55.7 1986 74.01824 7.6 1864 13.6 1905 28.1 1946 56.1 1987 79.11825 7.9 1865 12.6 1906 33.2 1947 72.8 1988 81.71826 8.5 1866 15.9 1907 31.7 1948 76.3 1989 84.11827 8.6 1867 16.9 1908 30.4 1949 73.7 1990 83.41828 9.0 1868 17.4 1909 28.3 1950 82.8 1991 83.61829 8.9 1869 17.0 1910 26.8 1951 80.5 1992 96.91830 8.8 1870 17.4 1911 28.8 1952 80.5 1993 122.81831 8.8 1871 18.4 1912 29.1 1953 80.8 1994 126.11832 8.7 1872 18.7 1913 30.4 1954 79.1 1995 116.11833 9.1 1873 19.0 1914 28.8 1955 84.1 1996 120.31834 10.0 1874 18.8 1915 27.6 1956 83.1 1997 130.21835 8.8 1875 18.0 1916 25.3 1957 75.9 1998 120.11836 8.0 1876 18.4 1917 24.1 1958 73.8 1999 126.01837 11.5 1877 18.6 1918 25.0 1959 79.3 2000 119.71838 12.0 1878 18.6 1919 32.0 1960 75.7 2001 114.91839 11.4 1879 19.9 1920 42.0 1961 72.0 2002 114.21840 12.6 1880 19.4 1921 35.9 1962 73.1 2003 116.7
aDerived by dividing the actual price index by the all commodities price index.b1800 to 1914, Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station (17); 1915 to present, U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics (79);1800–1964 (1992 = 100), 1965–present (2009 = 100).
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
73
Table 37—Plywood production, imports, exports, and consumption, by softwoods and hardwoods,1965–2017 (3/8-in. basis)a
Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Soft- Hard- Year Total woods woods Total woods woods Total woods woods b Total woods woods Total woods woods
Million Million Million Million Million Million Million Million Million Million Million Millionsquare square square square square square square square square square square square Square Square Squarefeet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet feet
1965 14,496 12,447 2,049 1,052 5 1,047 36 30 6 15,512 12,422 3,090 80 64 161966 15,132 13,056 2,076 1,257 3 1,254 56 48 8 16,333 13,011 3,322 83 66 171967 14,874 12,958 1,916 1,247 3 1,244 93 85 8 16,028 12,876 3,152 81 65 161968 16,704 14,695 2,009 1,896 10 1,886 78 64 14 18,522 14,641 3,881 92 73 191969 15,563 13,694 1,869 2,122 15 2,107 215 199 16 17,470 13,510 3,960 86 67 201970 16,136 14,340 1,796 2,049 2 2,047 172 114 58 18,013 14,228 3,785 88 69 181971 18,559 16,635 1,924 2,545 3 2,542 114 99 15 20,990 16,539 4,451 101 80 211972 20,354 18,324 2,030 3,162 6 3,156 247 221 26 23,269 18,109 5,160 111 86 251973 20,112 18,305 1,807 2,536 9 2,527 451 411 40 22,197 17,903 4,294 105 84 201974 17,279 15,878 1,401 1,648 4 1,644 610 542 68 18,317 15,340 2,977 86 72 141975 17,102 16,050 1,052 1,925 7 1,918 859 791 68 18,168 15,266 2,902 84 71 131976 19,523 18,440 1,083 2,368 12 2,356 795 716 79 21,096 17,736 3,360 97 81 151977 20,563 19,376 1,187 2,272 18 2,254 357 287 70 22,478 19,107 3,371 102 87 151978 21,149 19,964 1,185 2,555 63 2,492 329 298 31 23,375 19,729 3,646 105 89 161979 20,803 19,653 1,150 2,097 27 2,070 431 402 29 22,469 19,278 3,191 100 86 141980 17,371 16,333 1,038 1,235 37 1,198 413 373 40 18,193 15,997 2,196 80 70 101981 17,728 16,752 976 1,512 30 1,482 733 686 47 18,507 16,096 2,411 80 70 101982 17,231 15,846 1,385 1,878 9 1,869 493 452 41 18,616 15,403 3,213 80 66 141983 20,960 19,480 1,480 2,747 18 2,729 615 574 41 23,092 18,924 4,168 99 81 181984 21,431 19,926 1,505 2,527 48 2,480 408 371 37 23,550 19,603 3,948 100 83 171985 21,511 20,169 1,342 3,112 54 3,058 365 321 44 24,259 19,903 4,356 102 83 181986 23,508 22,118 1,390 3,234 63 3,171 676 614 61 26,067 21,567 4,500 108 90 191987 24,423 22,899 1,524 3,932 129 3,803 855 796 60 27,500 22,232 5,268 113 92 221988 24,151 22,599 1,552 3,358 96 3,262 1,108 1,004 104 26,401 21,691 4,711 108 89 191989 22,926 21,385 1,541 1,983 49 1,935 1,562 1,442 119 23,348 19,991 3,356 94 81 141990 22,456 20,919 1,537 1,687 38 1,649 1,766 1,613 153 22,377 19,344 3,033 90 77 121991 20,148 18,652 1,496 1,457 28 1,429 1,553 1,322 231 20,052 17,358 2,695 79 69 111992 20,755 19,332 1,423 1,776 47 1,729 1,760 1,442 318 20,771 17,937 2,834 81 70 111993 20,826 19,315 1,511 1,786 41 1,745 1,677 1,409 268 20,935 17,946 2,989 81 70 121994 21,439 19,638 1,801 1,693 47 1,646 1,455 1,211 244 21,677 18,474 3,203 83 71 121995 21,209 19,367 1,842 1,951 60 1,892 1,517 1,267 250 21,643 18,160 3,483 82 69 131996 20,965 19,181 1,784 1,780 85 1,695 1,499 1,248 251 21,246 18,018 3,228 80 68 121997 19,835 17,963 1,872 2,111 104 2,007 1,802 1,548 254 20,143 16,519 3,625 75 62 141998 19,738 17,776 1,962 2,429 179 2,250 969 764 205 21,198 17,191 4,007 78 64 151999 19,832 17,816 2,016 2,827 309 2,518 984 781 203 21,675 17,344 4,331 79 63 162000 19,741 17,475 2,266 2,902 408 2,494 916 735 181 21,727 17,148 4,579 77 61 162001 17,225 15,121 2,104 3,220 665 2,555 676 514 162 19,768 15,272 4,496 69 54 162002 17,296 15,200 2,096 4,115 907 3,208 619 439 180 20,792 15,668 5,124 72 55 182003 16,753 14,706 2,047 4,489 1,306 3,183 640 410 230 20,603 15,602 5,001 71 54 172004 16,687 14,665 2,022 6,629 2,023 4,606 783 492 291 22,532 16,196 6,336 77 55 222005 16,327 14,330 1,997 6,964 2,421 4,543 686 411 275 22,604 16,340 6,264 76 55 212006 15,238 13,428 1,810 6,361 1,848 4,513 635 424 211 20,964 14,852 6,112 72 51 212007 14,013 12,243 1,770 4,972 1,087 3,885 732 553 179 18,253 12,777 5,476 61 42 182008 11,936 10,237 1,699 3,462 759 2,703 824 621 203 14,573 10,375 4,198 48 34 142009 10,192 8,608 1,584 2,751 616 2,135 619 473 146 12,325 8,751 3,574 40 28 122010 10,632 9,131 1,501 3,046 439 2,607 1,004 795 209 12,674 8,775 3,899 41 28 132011 10,530 8,980 1,550 3,148 478 2,670 949 740 209 12,730 8,718 4,012 41 28 132012 10,783 9,181 1,602 3,339 426 2,913 1,039 840 199 13,083 8,767 4,316 42 28 142013 10,982 9,346 1,636 3,873 567 3,306 990 784 206 13,865 9,129 4,736 41 29 132014 10,587 8,985 1,602 3,955 635 3,320 832 689 143 13,710 8,931 4,779 43 28 152015 10,446 8,751 1,695 4,609 942 3,667 710 564 146 14,345 9,129 5,216 45 28 162016 10,619 8,809 1,810 4,926 1,383 3,543 774 613 161 14,771 9,579 5,192 46 30 162017 10,836 9,026 1,810 5,314 1,976 3,338 859 656 203 15,292 10,346 4,946 47 32 15aU.S. Department of Agriculture, Foreign Service (44); American Plywood Association, The Engineered Wood Association (12,13);U.S. International Trade Commision (86,87); U.S. Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service (44).Data may not add to totals because of rounding.bIncludes mixed species (not classified as hardwoods or softwoods).
Per capita consumptionProduction Imports Exports Consumption
Research Paper FPL–RP–701
74
Tabl
e 38
—Pr
oduc
tion,
impo
rts,
exp
orts
, and
con
sum
ptio
n of
str
uctu
ral p
anel
pro
duct
s, b
y ty
pe, 1
980–
2017
(mill
ion
squa
re fe
et, 3
/8-in
. bas
is)a
Prod
uctio
nIm
ports
Expo
rtsCo
nsum
ptio
nSo
ftwoo
dO
rient
edSo
ftwoo
dO
rient
edSo
ftwoo
dO
rient
edSo
ftwoo
dO
rient
edYe
arTo
tal
plyw
ood
stra
ndbo
ard
Tota
lpl
ywoo
dst
rand
boar
dTo
tal
plyw
ood
stra
ndbo
ard
Tota
lpl
ywoo
dst
rand
boar
d19
8016
,468
16,3
3313
536
037
323
373
373
z16
,455
15,9
9745
819
8117
,023
16,7
5227
134
930
319
686
686
z16
,686
16,0
9659
019
8216
,403
15,8
4655
726
89
259
452
452
z16
,219
15,4
0381
619
8320
,821
19,4
801,
341
423
1840
557
457
4z
20,6
7018
,924
1,74
619
8421
,968
19,9
262,
042
727
4867
937
137
1z
22,3
2419
,603
2,72
119
8522
,838
20,1
692,
669
848
5479
432
132
1z
23,3
6619
,903
3,46
319
8625
,631
22,1
183,
513
723
6366
061
461
4z
25,7
4021
,567
4,17
319
8726
,975
22,8
994,
076
889
129
760
796
796
z27
,068
22,2
324,
836
1988
27,2
0322
,599
4,60
491
196
815
1,00
41,
004
z27
,110
21,6
915,
419
1989
26,4
9021
,385
5,10
51,
160
491,
111
1,44
21,
442
z26
,207
19,9
916,
216
1990
26,3
3720
,919
5,41
81,
351
381,
313
1,61
31,
613
z26
,075
19,3
446,
731
1991
24,2
6518
,652
5,61
31,
016
2898
81,
379
1,32
257
23,9
0117
,358
6,54
419
9225
,985
19,3
326,
653
1,61
947
1,57
21,
491
1,44
249
26,1
1317
,937
8,17
619
9326
,317
19,3
157,
002
2,20
341
2,16
31,
470
1,40
960
27,0
5117
,946
9,10
519
9427
,124
19,6
387,
486
2,63
547
2,58
81,
289
1,21
178
28,4
6918
,474
9,99
519
9527
,270
19,3
677,
903
3,27
460
3,21
41,
348
1,26
782
29,1
9618
,160
11,0
3619
9628
,495
19,1
819,
314
4,50
085
4,41
41,
405
1,24
815
731
,590
18,0
1813
,572
1997
28,4
9717
,963
10,5
345,
376
104
5,27
21,
715
1,54
816
732
,158
16,5
1915
,639
1998
29,0
0317
,776
11,2
276,
671
179
6,49
286
476
410
034
,810
17,1
9117
,619
1999
29,4
2817
,816
11,6
127,
659
309
7,35
096
078
117
936
,127
17,3
4418
,783
2000
29,3
8117
,475
11,9
068,
030
408
7,62
291
473
517
936
,498
17,1
4819
,350
2001
27,6
5315
,121
12,5
328,
755
665
8,09
068
151
416
735
,727
15,2
7220
,455
2002
28,6
2615
,200
13,4
269,
368
907
8,46
163
443
919
537
,360
15,6
6821
,692
2003
28,3
2114
,706
13,6
1510
,386
1,30
69,
080
567
410
157
38,1
4015
,602
22,5
3820
0428
,936
14,6
6514
,271
11,8
702,
023
9,84
768
549
219
340
,120
16,1
9623
,924
2005
29,3
1514
,330
14,9
8512
,965
2,42
110
,544
580
411
169
41,7
0016
,340
25,3
6020
0628
,388
13,4
2814
,960
11,9
861,
848
10,1
3860
342
417
939
,771
14,8
5224
,919
2007
27,0
0612
,243
14,7
637,
916
1,08
76,
829
817
553
264
34,1
0512
,777
21,3
2820
0823
,240
10,2
3713
,003
4,42
575
93,
666
1,07
162
145
026
,594
10,3
7516
,219
2009
18,2
068,
608
9,59
83,
372
616
2,75
665
347
318
020
,915
8,74
112
,174
2010
19,4
309,
131
10,2
993,
266
439
2,82
71,
074
795
279
21,6
228,
775
12,8
4720
1119
,019
8,98
010
,039
3,40
647
82,
928
1,07
974
033
921
,346
8,71
812
,628
2012
20,2
199,
181
11,0
383,
804
426
3,37
81,
147
840
307
22,8
768,
767
14,1
0920
1321
,838
9,34
612
,492
4,50
156
73,
934
1,10
278
431
825
,237
9,12
916
,108
2014
21,9
938,
985
13,0
085,
134
635
4,49
91,
012
689
323
26,1
158,
931
17,1
8420
1522
,034
8,75
113
,283
6,03
394
25,
091
818
564
254
27,2
499,
129
18,1
2020
1622
,731
8,80
913
,922
7,12
51,
383
5,74
285
961
324
628
,997
9,57
919
,418
2017
23,6
359,
026
14,6
098,
361
1,97
66,
385
845
656
189
31,1
5110
,346
20,8
05a AP
A –
The
Engi
neer
ed W
ood
Asso
ciat
ion
(11,
12,1
3); U
.S. I
nter
natio
nal T
rade
Com
mis
sion
(86,
87).
Data
may
not
add
to to
tals
bec
ause
of r
ound
ing.
z Not a
vaila
ble.
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
75
Cent
ral
Amer
ica
Oth
erc
and
Sout
hPh
ilip-
Indo
-O
ther
Russ
ian
Year
bTo
tal
Cana
daTo
tal
Mex
ico
Wes
t Ind
ies
Braz
ilAm
eric
aTo
tal
Japa
npi
nes
Chin
adTa
iwan
Kore
ane
sia
Mal
aysi
aAs
iaTo
tal
Fede
ratio
nO
ther
Afric
aO
ther
e
1965
2,03
2.8
64.5
10.8
ff
z10
.81,
832.
476
8.0
307.
836
8.2
z33
6.7
zz
51.7
118.
3z
z6.
8z
1966
2,55
3.7
64.1
8.7
zz
z8.
72,
328.
978
3.4
397.
952
8.8
z57
3.6
zz
45.2
145.
1z
z6.
60.
319
672,
532.
748
.08.
1f
zz
8.1
2,35
6.0
632.
347
1.5
485.
4z
702.
0z
z64
.811
8.2
zz
2.4
f
1968
3,84
1.3
53.0
12.2
z1.
0z
11.2
3,61
9.1
921.
360
2.2
829.
6z
1,16
7.2
zz
98.8
156.
0z
z1.
0f
1969
4,29
0.2
40.6
11.7
0.1
4.0
z7.
64,
043.
880
2.3
572.
193
6.0
z1,
589.
8z
z14
3.6
192.
3z
z1.
8f
1970
4,16
8.1
24.9
10.2
f1.
9z
8.3
3,99
6.3
623.
557
0.9
939.
6z
1,78
7.3
zz
75.0
136.
1z
z0.
50.
119
715,
176.
745
.813
.8z
1.3
z12
.54,
989.
759
8.3
592.
21,
395.
5z
2,25
1.3
0.1
z15
2.3
127.
3z
zf
0.1
1972
6,42
7.5
69.5
20.5
z8.
7z
11.8
6,21
6.0
519.
164
4.2
2,02
1.9
z2,
865.
6z
z16
5.2
121.
3z
z0.
10.
119
735,
146.
774
.418
.0z
4.5
z13
.54,
959.
634
1.0
695.
31,
367.
2z
2,44
3.0
zz
113.
194
.0z
z0.
50.
219
743,
349.
146
.818
.8z
1.0
z17
.83,
229.
024
4.3
279.
393
7.2
z1,
694.
7z
z73
.548
.2z
zz
6.3
1975
3,90
6.4
50.4
15.8
z7.
5z
8.3
3,80
5.1
240.
522
4.1
1,01
1.8
z2,
290.
0z
z38
.730
.8z
zz
4.3
1976
4,79
7.8
53.6
18.3
z6.
8z
11.5
4,66
8.7
312.
535
2.9
1,18
9.4
z2,
785.
7z
z28
.247
.6z
z0.
59.
119
774,
590.
769
.324
.8z
5.1
z19
.74,
445.
335
6.1
231.
01,
149.
1z
2,67
6.9
zz
32.2
44.2
zz
z7.
119
785,
076.
075
.329
.60.
15.
9z
23.6
4,92
2.2
255.
631
2.4
1,75
2.8
z2,
493.
064
.3z
44.1
48.1
zz
0.7
0.1
1979
4,21
6.3
82.2
53.7
f2.
4z
51.3
4,03
9.6
192.
736
7.3
1,52
3.1
z1,
836.
795
.5z
24.3
40.8
zz
ff
1980
2,44
0.5
72.8
46.1
z3.
7z
42.4
2,29
0.5
150.
424
6.7
859.
8z
902.
112
0.8
z10
.730
.6z
zf
0.5
1981
3,01
7.5
64.7
30.4
z4.
4z
26.0
2,88
4.4
139.
843
6.7
1,08
0.9
z94
3.7
271.
7z
11.6
37.9
zz
0.1
z
1982
2,24
9.4
54.5
24.3
z2.
5z
21.8
2,14
6.4
95.8
161.
385
0.6
z55
9.6
473.
9z
5.2
24.1
zz
z0.
119
833,
346.
657
.544
.10.
31.
3z
42.5
3,20
5.6
119.
918
2.4
1,12
4.6
z41
4.8
1,35
2.2
z11
.739
.4z
zz
f
1984
2,98
2.3
73.4
90.0
0.1
1.4
z88
.52,
767.
910
9.7
94.9
904.
8z
78.1
1,56
8.8
z11
.650
.9z
zf
0.1
1985
3,52
2.1
69.4
75.1
f2.
9z
72.2
3,29
4.6
106.
721
2.6
780.
3z
28.2
2,14
7.2
z19
.682
.3z
z0.
40.
319
863,
809.
255
.812
0.8
0.2
1.8
z11
8.8
3,55
6.4
74.0
110.
972
3.5
z61
.82,
551.
1z
35.1
71.5
zz
4.7
f
1987
3,95
0.2
87.4
105.
90.
20.
9z
104.
83,
670.
741
.612
6.1
665.
6z
48.7
2,72
1.4
z67
.385
.1z
z0.
50.
619
883,
262.
381
.711
8.5
f0.
5z
118.
03,
022.
019
.851
.852
3.8
z6.
72,
345.
4z
74.5
39.6
zz
z0.
519
893,
938.
924
9.1
232.
10.
62.
218
6.9
42.3
3,27
1.2
11.5
59.5
0.4
770.
29.
52,
341.
240
.338
.515
8.7
0.0
158.
70.
227
.519
903,
356.
421
1.1
306.
30.
04.
224
8.9
53.3
2,70
0.6
3.9
35.7
0.4
255.
97.
92,
209.
415
9.1
28.3
90.6
0.0
90.6
0.0
47.9
1991
2,91
0.3
215.
829
7.2
0.1
1.3
237.
658
.22,
268.
63.
216
.51.
414
1.9
0.6
1,79
8.0
289.
018
.082
.00.
082
.00.
046
.719
923,
520.
526
8.4
455.
61.
81.
439
7.6
54.7
2,70
6.1
1.8
23.2
2.1
109.
50.
02,
084.
147
1.3
13.9
87.7
25.6
62.1
0.1
2.8
1993
3,55
3.3
310.
068
6.5
0.2
3.8
594.
887
.82,
430.
90.
68.
614
.590
.50.
41,
858.
544
3.7
14.2
122.
860
.062
.80.
62.
519
943,
351.
337
2.9
847.
15.
78.
268
7.2
146.
01,
922.
31.
50.
820
.445
.90.
11,
456.
437
9.1
18.1
205.
614
1.9
63.6
0.9
2.4
1995
3,85
1.4
422.
683
2.6
10.1
8.7
554.
025
9.8
2,28
2.7
0.2
0.2
12.4
29.3
0.0
1,85
8.4
373.
98.
331
1.9
252.
159
.80.
01.
619
963,
451.
033
9.4
826.
721
.09.
849
6.5
299.
41,
931.
61.
20.
414
.338
.40.
01,
575.
130
0.4
1.7
351.
633
0.3
21.3
0.2
1.6
1997
4,08
6.1
606.
185
6.4
16.4
6.2
569.
126
4.7
2,20
0.7
2.0
0.0
47.3
33.4
0.0
1,78
6.2
326.
85.
042
2.3
306.
811
5.6
0.3
0.2
1998
4,58
1.7
654.
649
0.1
7.2
6.2
271.
320
5.4
2,94
8.5
1.2
0.0
104.
136
.71.
22,
074.
272
3.3
7.8
480.
838
8.1
92.8
2.0
5.6
1999
5,12
6.8
713.
972
0.4
16.3
2.4
463.
323
8.5
3,01
0.1
0.8
0.0
149.
345
.21.
31,
839.
396
2.7
11.5
637.
853
5.3
102.
53.
840
.820
005,
078.
081
9.6
874.
418
.02.
560
2.7
251.
22,
558.
82.
20.
016
2.0
49.2
0.1
1,51
0.6
813.
021
.878
4.6
668.
411
6.2
28.7
11.9
2001
5,20
1.6
813.
685
8.9
18.4
3.1
642.
319
5.1
2,48
6.0
0.2
0.0
276.
439
.01.
21,
368.
276
2.4
38.7
978.
679
4.8
183.
838
.625
.920
026,
531.
584
0.5
1011
.019
.96.
378
9.1
195.
73,
320.
80.
50.
066
2.1
53.6
4.2
1,51
5.2
1049
.935
.313
12.6
972.
234
0.4
42.5
4.1
2003
6,48
0.9
796.
411
81.5
17.1
3.7
941.
921
8.7
3,38
2.3
0.9
0.0
1,01
7.3
49.3
14.1
1,24
1.7
972.
486
.610
79.0
893.
118
5.9
35.9
5.9
2004
9,37
7.2
825.
313
05.1
10.9
3.6
1,05
5.8
234.
85,
781.
03.
20.
02,
954.
180
.51.
71,
177.
814
33.3
130.
514
25.8
1188
.823
7.0
27.4
12.5
2005
9,24
9.0
969.
579
9.0
1.2
10.9
596.
919
0.0
6,17
6.0
0.9
0.0
3,89
1.3
67.3
0.3
984.
211
37.0
95.1
1259
.898
6.1
273.
818
.326
.420
069,
187.
964
4.0
595.
51.
28.
939
7.8
187.
76,
902.
60.
51.
84,
675.
986
.222
.587
8.7
1179
.157
.810
33.0
832.
620
0.4
7.0
5.8
2007
7,91
0.5
464.
754
9.3
3.7
3.7
266.
027
5.9
6,03
3.1
0.1
6.8
4,27
9.6
130.
01.
064
9.7
935.
630
.381
6.4
556.
326
0.0
30.3
16.7
2008
5,50
2.8
352.
432
4.9
0.2
6.9
137.
518
0.3
4,17
2.8
0.1
5.5
3,17
7.8
63.0
1.0
483.
642
2.7
19.1
624.
743
8.2
186.
515
.112
.920
094,
347.
125
0.8
404.
80.
13.
114
4.6
257.
03,
185.
50.
21.
22,
465.
551
.70.
543
1.7
213.
021
.750
0.6
401.
399
.32.
23.
120
105,
308.
024
1.6
233.
00.
22.
738
.019
2.0
4,14
6.3
0.0
2.5
3,14
0.8
11.0
0.1
593.
037
3.1
25.7
661.
450
4.5
157.
02.
922
.820
115,
436.
720
7.3
175.
51.
20.
936
.513
6.9
4,28
3.2
0.3
2.8
3,59
8.4
19.9
0.0
441.
720
4.1
16.0
755.
653
8.3
217.
31.
713
.420
125,
930.
021
0.3
316.
00.
83.
933
.127
8.3
4,72
9.8
0.2
4.8
3,88
8.6
44.7
0.3
531.
222
8.8
31.2
654.
354
4.2
110.
12.
716
.820
136,
731.
041
9.5
838.
15.
923
.168
.774
0.4
4,65
3.2
0.0
0.2
3,06
5.6
16.1
0.0
1,19
9.8
327.
044
.54
706.
758
8.5
118.
251.
811
1.5
2014
6,75
8.9
415.
560
5.0
7.4
9.1
57.3
531.
24,
764.
50.
20.
03,
490.
018
.00.
01,
030.
616
8.5
57.1
989
0.9
670.
722
0.28
0.3
82.7
2015
7,46
5.4
475.
144
8.0
10.2
73.7
57.5
306.
65,
539.
64.
83.
94,
139.
624
.90.
21,
131.
518
0.8
54.0
988.
372
7.9
260.
40.
613
.720
167,
213.
550
0.3
365.
56.
826
.458
.927
3.4
5,22
1.1
0.1
0.0
4,20
1.7
25.1
0.0
740.
114
9.8
104.
311
09.0
829.
827
9.2
2.3
15.3
2017
6,79
7.0
535.
244
7.6
7.1
24.3
116.
130
0.1
4,55
7.6
0.0
0.0
3,07
0.7
20.7
0.0
855.
724
0.1
370.
312
43.5
936.
830
6.7
1.4
11.7
a U.S.
Inte
rnat
iona
l Tra
de C
omm
issi
on (8
6,87
); U.
S. D
epar
tmen
t of A
gric
ultu
re, F
orei
gn A
gric
ultu
ral S
ervi
ce (4
4). D
ata
may
not
add
to to
tals
bec
ause
of r
ound
ing.
Conv
ersi
on o
f 2.0
36 u
sed
from
squ
are
feet
3/8
-inch
bas
is.
b For t
he y
ears
197
4 to
197
7, a
ll im
ports
with
a v
alue
of l
ess
than
$50
0 ar
e in
clud
ed in
Oth
er.
c Incl
udes
Bra
zil f
rom
196
5–19
88.
d Incl
udes
Tai
wan
from
196
5–19
88.
e Incl
udes
mix
ed s
peci
es (n
ot c
lass
ified
as
hard
wood
s or
sof
twoo
ds).
f Fewe
r tha
n 10
0 ft2 .
z Not A
vaila
ble.
Tabl
e 39
—Ha
rdw
ood pl
ywoo
d im
port
s, b
y co
untr
y or
reg
ion
of o
rigi
n, 1
965–
2017
(mill
ion
squa
re fe
et, s
urfa
ce m
easu
red)
a
Latin
Am
eric
aAs
iaEu
rope
Research Paper FPL–RP–701
76
Birch and Soft- Red and Soft-Year Total Total maple Other woods Total Total Walnut white oak Other woods1965 1,958.2 1,871.2 817.4 1,053.8 87.0 169.8 143.7 80.6 b 63.1 26.11966 2,043.0 1,843.7 766.4 1,077.3 199.3 153.9 110.5 54.2 b 56.3 43.41967 1,990.9 1,796.7 754.9 1,041.8 194.2 192.8 105.8 44.8 b 61.0 87.01968 2,340.1 2,178.7 820.8 1,357.9 161.4 306.3 173.6 71.9 b 101.7 132.71969 2,054.6 1,855.7 698.2 1,157.5 198.9 360.6 194.2 92.4 b 101.8 166.41970 1,876.6 1,605.8 650.0 955.8 270.8 327.1 183.8 111.3 b 72.5 143.31971 2,302.1 2,035.2 812.0 1,223.2 266.9 571.5 172.7 97.7 b 75.0 398.81972 3,151.4 2,786.0 997.9 1,788.1 365.4 491.7 204.3 84.9 b 119.4 287.41973 2,967.7 2,582.9 890.5 1,692.4 384.8 660.5 346.0 90.9 b 255.1 314.51974 2,281.6 1,965.9 679.6 1,286.3 315.7 599.4 380.8 77.4 b 303.4 218.61975 1,497.7 1,145.6 552.2 593.4 352.1 736.8 390.3 63.6 b 326.7 346.51976 1,993.5 1,595.6 760.3 835.3 397.9 768.2 505.8 91.8 b 414.0 262.41977 2,261.0 1,718.5 721.3 997.2 542.5 687.0 516.5 93.1 b 423.4 170.51978 2,143.3 1,632.5 722.8 909.7 510.8 1,541.6 1,353.3 128.9 476.1 748.3 188.31979 2,076.6 1,560.1 713.4 846.7 516.5 1,072.5 886.0 80.6 522.0 283.4 186.51980 1,666.8 1,213.2 584.2 629.0 453.6 1,333.1 1,077.3 117.8 631.2 328.3 255.81981 1,729.3 1,406.3 605.1 801.2 323.0 1,378.1 919.6 107.9 509.2 302.5 458.51982 1,665.9 1,231.9 506.8 725.1 434.0 1,140.3 803.6 78.6 512.9 212.1 336.71983 2,072.5 1,607.2 637.8 969.4 465.3 1,438.8 1,023.8 106.0 624.4 293.4 415.01984 1,886.8 1,502.9 537.2 965.7 383.9 1,370.5 1,002.7 84.4 636.0 282.3 367.81985 1,753.4 1,398.0 501.5 896.5 355.4 1,100.2 792.6 85.6 481.5 225.5 307.61986 1,997.4 1,603.9 557.3 1,046.6 393.5 1,466.1 995.8 72.6 639.3 283.9 470.31987 2,106.6 1,682.2 563.4 1,118.8 424.4 1,775.9 1,384.7 90.7 857.4 436.6 391.21988 2,226.7 1,713.8 588.0 1,125.8 512.9 1,830.1 1,574.2 69.9 1,058.7 445.6 255.91989 1,163.9 719.7 239.9 479.8 444.1 1,712.2 1,599.6 35.8 431.0 1,132.7 112.61990 2,109.3 1,600.7 559.2 1,041.5 508.6 1,820.2 1,681.4 103.4 1,135.5 442.5 138.91991 1,917.4 1,383.7 523.5 860.2 533.7 1,896.1 1,725.5 85.9 1,084.3 555.4 170.61992 2,422.3 1,674.4 599.1 1,075.3 747.9 2,072.2 1,884.8 69.7 1,094.0 721.2 187.41993 2,870.0 1,904.1 619.2 1,284.9 965.9 2,209.9 1,977.4 60.7 958.1 958.6 232.51994 3,036.6 1,946.6 713.0 1,233.7 1,090.0 2,459.3 2,310.0 68.4 1,086.1 1,155.5 149.31995 3,223.2 2,283.2 739.4 1,543.8 940.0 2,800.0 2,613.3 73.6 1,109.9 1,429.8 186.71996 3,011.4 2,093.4 718.2 1,375.1 918.0 2,792.7 2,613.3 49.1 1,080.1 1,484.1 179.41997 2,926.9 1,994.9 767.9 1,227.0 932.0 3,068.6 2,875.4 60.2 1,070.3 1,744.8 193.21998 3,435.1 2,210.7 789.2 1,421.6 1,224.3 2,946.1 2,722.2 58.6 1,041.5 1,622.0 223.91999 3,933.3 2,350.6 947.9 1,402.7 1,582.7 3,293.3 2,986.8 78.6 1,008.7 1,899.4 306.52000 4,339.0 2,479.8 1,085.4 1,394.4 1,859.1 3,527.8 3,200.2 83.7 1,022.0 2,094.5 327.62001 4,263.7 2,166.5 897.0 1,269.5 2,097.2 3,372.2 3,148.8 102.6 936.9 2,109.3 223.42002 4,714.0 2,328.7 954.4 1,374.3 2,385.3 3,720.7 3,460.4 92.8 836.8 2,530.9 260.32003 4,487.5 2,073.1 712.9 1,360.2 2,414.4 3,681.4 3,283.3 74.9 763.7 2,444.7 398.12004 5,491.5 2,310.4 706.6 1,603.8 3,181.1 4,280.4 3,707.5 104.2 880.7 2,722.6 572.92005 5,751.8 2,239.4 827.1 1,412.3 3,512.4 4,130.2 3,540.0 115.5 764.0 2,660.5 590.32006 5,057.3 1,911.2 596.3 1,314.9 3,146.2 4,098.1 3,424.5 139.0 763.9 2,521.7 673.62007 3,906.7 2,154.2 519.6 1,634.6 1,752.4 3,718.1 3,242.4 198.6 749.0 2,294.8 475.72008 2,821.3 1,539.8 442.1 1,097.7 1,281.5 3,013.9 2,706.2 159.6 623.0 1,923.5 307.72009 1,982.8 933.3 392.4 541.0 1,049.5 2,085.9 1,819.5 132.6 563.7 1,123.2 266.42010 2,109.1 960.8 392.4 568.5 1,148.2 2,380.2 2,104.7 181.0 540.5 1,383.2 275.52011 2,209.6 799.2 327.7 471.4 1,410.4 2,219.4 2,047.2 275.2 486.8 1,285.3 172.22012 2,558.4 899.6 260.8 638.8 1,658.8 2,302.1 2,062.7 303.2 515.9 1,243.6 239.42013 2,588.1 838.5 298.1 540.5 1,749.6 2,335.1 2,087.2 350.1 473.6 1,263.5 247.92014 2,677.7 875.2 311.1 564.0 1,802.5 2,321.4 2,163.2 384.7 583.5 1,194.9 158.22015 3,131.2 934.1 319.2 614.8 2,197.2 2,281.4 2,124.9 349.4 794.7 980.8 156.52016 2,732.2 859.0 330.7 528.3 1,873.2 2,258.0 2,096.7 329.3 807.1 960.4 161.32017 3,089.5 895.3 390.9 504.4 2,194.1 2,201.5 1,959.8 277.7 743.3 938.8 241.7
aAmerican Forest and Paper Association (4); U.S. International Trade Commission (86,87); U.S. Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agriculture Service (44).Data may not add to totals because of rounding. bRed and white oak are included in Other for 1965 to 1977.
ExportsHardwoods
Table 40—Veneer imports and exports, by species, 1965–2017 (million square feet, surface measured)a
ImportsHardwoods
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
77
CentralAmerica
and South OtherYear Total Canada Total Mexico West Indies America Total Japan Philippines Asia Africa Europe Otherb
1965 1,871.2 852.0 67.1 0.1 19.2 47.8 687.0 4.8 527.0 155.2 219.8 44.3 0.91966 1,843.7 792.8 96.4 0.3 21.2 74.9 714.1 3.8 522.7 187.6 209.7 29.6 1.01967 1,796.7 775.8 140.9 0.1 8.0 132.8 580.9 3.8 451.8 125.3 271.2 27.7 0.21968 2,178.7 837.7 200.5 1.5 16.8 182.2 837.7 4.3 609.8 223.6 276.5 26.3 0.11969 1,855.7 713.9 152.7 0.6 13.1 139.0 838.6 5.3 671.4 161.9 128.1 22.2 0.31970 1,605.8 672.4 191.0 0.6 5.0 185.4 569.1 3.3 460.0 105.8 147.0 26.1 0.21971 2,035.2 842.4 216.1 0.5 15.1 200.5 809.4 4.5 590.9 214.0 143.1 24.0 0.21972 2,786.0 1,051.8 303.8 c 28.8 275.0 1226.5 0.9 822.5 403.1 153.9 30.2 19.71973 2,582.9 944.4 288.4 c 43.2 245.2 1126.1 2.3 850.8 273.0 167.2 27.8 29.01974 1,965.9 709.2 243.8 z 43.9 199.9 874.0 0.9 660.8 212.3 78.6 39.4 20.81975 1,145.6 570.7 132.5 z 22.2 110.3 331.5 3.8 294.3 33.4 74.3 23.1 13.51976 1,595.6 804.6 210.8 z 8.3 202.5 520.6 4.5 452.4 63.7 15.0 30.1 14.51977 1,718.5 801.4 159.1 0.9 13.0 145.2 689.3 5.5 580.5 103.3 19.6 30.5 18.71978 1,632.5 817.4 213.1 3.6 21.8 187.7 536.8 7.1 442.6 87.1 19.1 44.7 1.51979 1,560.1 834.0 149.4 2.0 28.2 119.2 482.5 1.3 448.2 33.0 35.4 56.4 2.41980 1,213.2 700.4 156.0 z 27.3 130.7 301.6 2.0 261.5 38.1 21.9 31.4 1.51981 1,406.3 753.6 165.0 0.2 27.3 137.5 398.2 0.9 330.7 66.6 36.3 41.6 11.41982 1,231.9 705.9 161.2 0.8 24.4 136.0 149.9 0.7 120.0 29.2 19.2 193.2 2.61983 1,607.2 908.3 192.2 3.0 23.1 166.1 366.0 2.8 318.3 44.9 27.1 100.9 12.81984 1,502.9 828.1 227.5 0.8 31.6 195.1 287.2 8.5 180.7 98.0 13.7 127.6 19.01985 1,398.0 728.7 233.1 0.2 26.5 206.4 240.5 6.5 110.7 123.3 26.1 150.8 18.81986 1,603.9 831.8 233.9 0.2 20.8 212.9 310.4 5.1 112.7 192.6 57.4 139.0 31.31987 1,682.2 910.8 245.0 z 18.0 227.0 331.3 6.3 122.8 202.2 40.9 127.0 27.21988 1,713.8 944.3 312.8 0.8 33.2 278.8 279.5 2.0 182.4 95.1 41.6 92.8 42.81989 719.7 366.9 143.1 0.0 6.4 136.7 116.4 2.5 72.5 41.4 23.9 53.9 15.61990 1,600.7 904.2 320.6 0.0 28.4 292.2 221.2 5.8 111.6 103.8 31.8 93.6 29.41991 1,383.7 832.1 254.4 0.0 25.5 228.9 167.3 4.8 73.3 89.1 26.7 75.0 28.21992 1,674.4 997.9 364.5 1.0 109.0 254.5 182.9 2.9 64.2 115.8 21.8 80.9 26.41993 1,904.1 1,158.4 452.8 2.9 7.8 442.0 120.5 2.5 11.6 106.3 39.2 95.7 37.51994 1,946.6 1,220.8 414.5 1.4 6.5 406.5 71.7 3.0 5.7 63.1 41.5 151.5 46.61995 2,283.2 1,186.4 575.4 9.1 14.8 551.5 213.0 3.5 47.9 161.6 114.4 137.8 56.11996 2,093.4 1,190.2 508.8 13.6 6.1 489.1 58.1 4.3 0.1 53.7 171.4 112.0 52.91997 1,994.9 1,247.4 374.4 17.0 1.6 355.7 61.9 6.1 0.0 55.8 137.2 139.8 34.21998 2,210.7 1,316.2 351.8 22.3 1.9 327.6 99.2 3.2 0.0 96.0 218.4 176.1 49.01999 2,350.6 1,440.5 340.8 22.6 0.7 317.5 94.0 5.6 0.0 88.4 282.7 167.5 25.22000 2,479.8 1,503.9 309.4 41.6 0.8 267.0 96.4 6.8 0.0 89.6 269.3 279.6 21.22001 2,166.5 1,277.2 295.3 35.7 2.0 257.7 96.1 2.9 0.0 93.2 262.4 210.6 24.92002 2,328.7 1,322.6 314.7 24.4 0.2 290.0 99.4 3.3 0.0 96.1 314.9 254.0 23.12003 2,073.1 1,168.7 259.3 13.7 0.2 245.4 158.3 3.4 0.0 154.9 283.3 187.2 16.42004 2,310.4 1,400.6 212.1 17.7 3.3 191.0 149.6 3.7 0.0 145.9 289.8 228.6 29.62005 2,239.4 1,196.5 308.5 17.7 1.1 289.7 177.6 4.9 0.0 172.8 295.3 235.5 25.92006 1,911.2 1,142.2 155.5 20.2 0.4 134.9 172.6 3.4 0.0 169.2 234.8 189.9 16.22007 2,154.2 946.1 488.6 15.1 0.2 473.4 252.7 6.7 0.0 246.1 276.6 169.7 20.52008 1,539.8 803.6 124.0 11.1 0.0 112.9 196.2 5.1 0.0 191.1 226.1 178.5 11.42009 933.3 572.3 39.0 7.5 0.0 31.5 93.9 1.8 0.0 92.1 114.0 106.4 7.72010 960.8 561.7 48.9 6.6 0.0 42.2 112.1 1.9 0.0 110.2 129.0 103.9 5.22011 799.2 435.2 34.3 3.8 0.0 30.5 102.3 1.5 0.0 100.8 115.8 109.0 2.52012 899.6 433.2 75.8 3.2 0.7 71.9 86.5 1.4 0.0 85.0 176.6 122.0 5.62013 838.5 468.5 35.4 1.0 0.8 33.6 111.6 2.5 0.0 109.1 102.8 111.9 8.32014 875.2 468.2 39.2 0.1 0.0 39.1 108.4 1.3 0.0 107.1 124.2 124.7 10.42015 934.1 446.7 75.8 0.5 0.0 75.3 116.0 1.5 0.0 114.5 134.4 150.8 10.32016 859.0 470.3 38.5 2.8 0.1 35.6 78.4 2.2 0.0 76.2 126.4 138.7 6.82017 895.3 541.6 42.4 1.6 0.1 40.7 77.0 1.5 0.0 75.4 100.2 127.9 6.2aU.S. International Trade Commission (86,87); U.S. Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service (44).Data may not add to totals because of rounding.bFor the years 1974 to 1977, all imports with a value of less than $500 are included in Other.cFewer than 50,000 ft2.zNot Available.
Table 41—Hardwood veneer imports, by country or region of origin, 1965–2017 (million square feet, surface measured)a
AsiaLatin America
Research Paper FPL–RP–701
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Year Actual Relativec Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative1965 27.2 149.9 21.8 120.1 z z z z 53.8 296.21966 27.4 146.4 21.9 117.0 z z z z 54.3 290.61967 26.3 136.7 20.6 106.9 z z z z 53.5 278.01968 30.4 151.4 26.6 132.6 z z z z 53.8 267.81969 32.3 153.1 28.7 136.1 26.9 127.6 32.1 152.6 55.8 264.71970 28.5 128.6 23.4 105.7 21.9 98.6 27.2 122.4 54.8 247.21971 30.2 129.2 26.2 112.1 24.4 104.4 31.0 133.0 47.2 202.01972 34.4 141.1 31.9 131.0 29.8 122.2 37.1 152.0 55.9 229.21973 40.9 158.6 40.0 155.3 37.7 146.4 42.9 166.5 60.4 234.51974 42.4 151.4 38.5 137.5 36.5 130.3 40.6 145.0 69.7 249.11975 42.4 138.6 41.4 135.3 39.2 128.3 42.6 139.2 64.0 209.31976 49.2 151.9 51.1 157.6 47.3 146.0 55.9 172.6 65.7 202.61977 55.8 161.6 61.0 176.7 56.2 162.6 68.1 197.2 68.3 197.71978 62.0 167.9 67.3 182.3 62.7 169.7 72.9 197.5 75.1 203.31979 65.9 165.1 66.4 166.4 63.5 159.1 66.7 167.0 90.6 226.91980 64.9 149.2 63.7 146.5 60.1 138.3 66.4 152.8 97.5 224.31981 64.7 136.2 63.2 133.1 60.7 127.8 63.1 132.9 96.3 202.81982 61.1 121.3 58.2 115.5 54.6 108.4 61.3 121.8 97.0 192.51983 64.3 122.5 64.0 122.0 59.4 113.3 69.1 131.8 96.3 183.61984 63.6 116.9 62.6 115.1 58.8 108.2 65.3 120.1 96.6 177.61985 60.8 108.5 62.5 111.4 58.8 104.9 64.9 115.7 87.2 155.51986 61.9 108.1 63.6 111.0 60.0 104.7 66.0 115.1 88.3 154.01987 62.7 106.3 63.9 108.3 60.8 103.0 65.1 110.3 90.1 152.81988 63.2 103.6 63.5 104.1 61.7 101.2 62.4 102.4 91.4 149.91989 70.8 111.8 72.3 114.1 70.6 111.6 70.1 110.7 96.8 152.91990 69.8 106.1 69.6 105.8 68.4 104.1 66.7 101.4 99.6 151.41991 69.8 102.8 70.3 103.5 69.2 101.9 67.1 98.8 99.7 146.81992 81.4 117.0 85.6 123.1 83.5 120.0 84.6 121.6 103.7 149.01993 93.3 131.0 98.7 138.6 97.3 136.6 95.6 134.2 112.0 157.31994 96.9 133.2 102.9 141.4 101.0 138.9 102.6 141.1 118.6 163.11995 101.0 135.9 109.4 147.3 105.0 141.3 112.4 151.3 118.5 159.51996 95.5 126.2 101.0 133.5 98.3 129.9 96.6 127.6 121.2 160.21997 97.3 126.0 102.1 132.2 100.0 129.5 100.0 129.5 123.3 159.61998 96.1 122.9 101.7 130.1 98.0 125.4 106.2 135.9 123.1 157.41999 107.8 135.9 120.4 151.9 116.7 147.2 125.4 158.1 124.7 157.32000 96.3 118.9 100.8 124.5 97.9 120.9 101.7 125.6 126.3 156.02001 94.3 113.7 97.6 117.8 94.3 113.7 100.2 120.9 126.5 152.62002 92.7 110.6 95.5 113.9 93.0 111.0 94.9 113.2 127.5 152.22003 102.0 121.7 114.0 136.0 111.1 132.6 123.5 147.4 125.1 149.32004 121.3 136.0 146.0 163.8 d d d d 130.4 146.32005 114.1 124.0 130.0 141.3 d d d d 97.0 105.42006 105.5 111.3 110.8 116.9 d d d d 98.4 103.72007 107.6 110.5 115.1 118.2 d d d d 99.3 102.02008 106.7 107.5 112.3 113.2 d d d d 100.7 101.42009 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 d d d d 100.0 100.02010 107.9 106.8 114.7 113.4 d d d d 100.5 99.42011 104.6 101.4 108.1 104.7 d d d d 100.8 97.72012 115.5 110.0 127.2 121.1 d d d d 102.8 97.92013 121.9 114.2 137.8 129.1 d d d d 104.8 98.12014 124.7 115.2 142.7 131.8 d d d d 105.1 97.12015 121.5 110.4 136.4 124.0 d d d d 105.3 95.72016 117.5 105.4 124.8 112.0 d d d d 109.5 98.32017 123.9 109.2 135.5 119.4 d d d d 111.3 98.1aU.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics (70).bHardwood plywood and related products.cDerived by dividing the actual price index by the all commodities index.dDiscontinued Series after 2003.zNot Available.
plywoodbAll plywood plywood Western Southern
Table 42—Producer price indexes for plywood, 1965–2017 (2009 = 100)a
Softwood plywood
All softwood All hardwood
U.S. Timber Production, Trade, Consumption, and Price Statistics, 1965–2017
79
Year Production Total Per capita
Thousand Thousand Percent of Thousand Percent of Thousandtons tons consumption tons production tons Pounds
1965 40,489 6,536 14.4 1,530 3.8 45,495 4681966 43,904 7,178 14.5 1,696 3.9 49,386 5021967 43,745 6,818 14.0 1,835 4.2 48,728 4901968 47,085 6,643 12.9 2,125 4.5 51,602 5141969 49,824 7,051 12.9 2,377 4.8 54,498 5381970 48,719 6,845 12.9 2,433 5.0 53,131 5181971 49,741 6,932 12.8 2,665 5.4 54,008 5201972 53,842 7,245 12.4 2,790 5.2 58,297 5551973 56,346 7,865 12.8 2,616 4.6 61,595 5811974 55,756 8,128 13.4 3,058 5.5 60,827 5691975 47,997 5,961 11.6 2,400 5.0 51,557 4771976 54,993 6,879 11.6 2,637 4.8 59,235 5431977 56,656 7,190 11.7 2,546 4.5 61,301 5571978 58,571 8,311 12.9 2,583 4.4 64,299 5781979 61,070 8,462 12.7 2,864 4.7 66,668 5921980 61,042 8,013 12.4 4,241 6.9 64,814 5691981 62,109 7,779 11.7 3,630 5.8 66,258 5761982 59,290 7,321 11.6 3,494 5.9 63,117 5441983 64,947 8,357 12.0 3,786 5.8 69,519 5931984 68,449 10,148 13.5 3,542 5.2 75,055 6351985 66,983 10,444 14.1 3,290 4.9 74,137 6221986 70,905 10,922 14.0 3,972 5.6 77,855 6471987 74,361 11,855 14.4 4,111 5.5 82,105 6761988 76,587 12,184 14.4 4,239 5.5 84,532 6901989 76,786 12,027 14.3 4,713 6.1 84,100 6801990 78,679 12,195 14.2 5,163 6.6 85,711 6861991 79,427 11,086 13.2 6,435 8.1 84,078 6651992 82,868 11,731 13.4 7,021 8.5 87,578 6861993 84,857 12,990 14.3 6,835 8.1 91,013 7051994 89,080 13,651 14.3 7,536 8.5 95,195 7301995 89,509 14,238 14.8 7,621 8.5 96,126 7311996 90,381 13,023 13.8 9,118 10.1 94,287 7101997 95,029 14,513 14.6 10,367 10.9 99,175 7401998 94,510 15,571 15.4 9,103 9.6 100,978 7471999 97,020 16,678 15.9 8,824 9.1 104,873 7682000 94,491 17,356 16.8 8,701 9.2 103,147 7312001 88,913 16,449 16.9 8,059 9.1 97,303 6832002 89,636 16,567 17.0 8,976 10.0 97,227 6762003 88,385 18,109 18.1 6,238 7.1 100,256 6892004 91,899 19,036 18.3 6,742 7.3 104,193 7092005 91,031 17,958 17.6 7,125 7.8 101,864 6872006 91,800 17,724 17.3 7,085 7.7 102,439 7072007 91,570 16,321 16.3 8,066 8.8 99,825 6622008 87,619 14,675 15.7 8,654 9.9 93,640 6152009 78,299 11,218 13.7 7,750 9.9 81,767 5322010 82,968 11,144 13.1 8,781 10.6 85,331 5512011 81,519 10,670 12.9 9,331 11.4 82,858 5312012 80,916 10,441 12.7 9,036 11.2 82,321 5242013 80,478 10,967 14.0 12,842 16.0 78,603 4972014 79,488 11,301 14.5 12,743 16.0 78,046 4892015 79,024 10,746 13.9 12,326 15.6 77,444 4822016 78,342 10,512 13.6 11,679 14.9 77,175 4772017 78,445 10,454 13.6 12,274 15.6 76,625 470
aExcludes hardboard, wet machine board, and construction grades.bNumbers are the sum of Table 44 and Table 45.cExcludes converted products.
ConsumptionExportscImportsc
Table 43—Paper and boarda production, imports, exports, and consumption, 1965–2017b
Research Paper FPL–RP–701
80
Year Shipmentsb,c Totale Per capitaf
Thousand Thousand Percent of Thousand Percent of Thousandtons tons consumption tons production tons Pounds
1965 19,157 6,528 25.9 491 2.6 25,194 2591966 20,725 7,128 26.1 530 2.6 27,323 2781967 20,926 6,805 25.0 501 2.4 27,230 2741968 22,181 6,625 23.4 529 2.4 28,277 2821969 23,449 7,040 23.5 517 2.2 29,972 2961970 23,351 6,835 23.1 534 2.3 29,652 2891971 23,722 6,915 23.0 550 2.3 30,087 2901972 25,359 7,237 22.6 559 2.2 32,037 3051973 26,797 7,832 23.0 601 2.2 34,028 3211974 26,863 8,094 23.8 909 3.4 34,049 3181975 23,260 5,953 21.1 947 4.1 28,266 2621976 26,577 6,866 21.1 928 3.5 32,515 2981977 27,722 7,162 21.0 716 2.6 34,168 3101978 28,320 8,211 22.8 543 1.9 35,988 3231979 29,666 8,380 22.4 601 2.0 37,445 3331980 30,116 7,915 21.3 907 3.0 37,124 3261981 30,901 7,649 20.4 1,008 3.3 37,542 3261982 30,245 7,206 19.7 840 2.8 36,611 3151983 32,802 8,189 20.4 774 2.4 40,217 3431984 34,446 9,905 22.7 811 2.4 43,540 3691985 34,061 10,260 23.6 779 2.3 43,542 3651986 35,550 10,641 23.5 884 2.5 45,307 3761987 36,919 11,494 24.2 921 2.5 47,492 3911988 38,353 11,843 24.1 1,102 2.9 49,094 4011989 38,266 11,494 23.8 1,466 3.8 48,295 3911990 39,361 11,569 23.4 1,519 3.9 49,411 3951991 39,084 10,313 21.8 2,072 5.3 47,325 3751992 40,973 10,787 22.0 2,635 6.4 49,125 3851993 41,745 11,905 23.3 2,587 6.2 51,063 3961994 43,356 12,384 23.5 2,980 6.9 52,760 4051995 42,868 12,820 24.3 3,011 7.0 52,677 4011996 42,481 11,694 23.1 3,500 8.2 50,676 3821997 44,697 13,016 24.1 3,599 8.1 54,114 4041998 44,761 13,905 25.1 3,288 7.3 55,378 4101999 45,979 14,707 25.7 3,405 7.4 57,281 4192000 45,519 15,373 26.9 3,767 8.3 57,125 4052001 42,104 14,502 27.3 3,389 8.0 53,217 3742002 41,510 14,502 27.4 3,111 7.5 52,901 3682003 40,367 16,224 30.3 3,107 7.7 53,484 3672004 41,814 16,938 30.6 3,464 8.3 55,288 3762005 41,321 15,995 29.9 3,739 9.0 53,578 3612006 41,380 15,648 29.3 3,690 8.9 53,338 3682007 41,170 14,408 28.1 4,346 10.6 51,231 3402008 39,028 12,892 27.3 4,716 12.1 47,205 3102009 33,808 9,671 24.6 4,216 12.5 39,263 2562010 35,508 9,284 23.2 4,700 13.2 40,092 2592011 34,130 8,887 23.2 4,782 14.0 38,235 2452012 33,157 8,738 23.5 4,638 14.0 37,257 2372013 32,328 9,041 24.6 4,545 14.1 36,824 2332014 30,606 9,206 25.8 4,101 13.4 35,711 2242015 29,655 8,518 24.7 3,678 12.4 34,495 2152016 28,611 8,182 24.4 3,256 11.4 33,537 2072017 27,456 7,868 24.6 3,350 12.2 31,974 196
aExcludes building paper and converted products.bAmerican Forest & Paper Association (5).cAmerican Forest & Paper Association (3).dThis import series incorporates data on Canadian exports of newsprint & uncoatedgroundwood to the U.S. rather than U.S. Dept. of Commerce import data for these commodities. Such data for 1998 obtained from the Canadian Pulp & Paper Association (CPPA) in Ottawa, Canada, by fax communication.eConsumption = Production + Imports - Exports.fBased upon population data given in Table 1.
Importsb,c,d Exportsb,c
Table 44—Paper shipments, imports, exports, and consumption, 1965–2017a
Consumption
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Table 45—Paperboarda production,b imports, exports, and consumption, 1965–2017
Year Productionc,d Totalf Per capitag
Thousand Thousand Percent of Thousand Percent of Thousand Metric tonsmetric tons metric tons consumption metric tons production metric tons
1965 19,348 7 0.0 942 4.9 18,413 0.0951966 21,023 45 0.2 1,058 5.0 20,011 0.1021967 20,697 12 0.1 1,210 5.8 19,499 0.0981968 22,588 16 0.1 1,448 6.4 21,156 0.1061969 23,923 10 0.0 1,687 7.1 22,246 0.1101970 23,008 9 0.0 1,722 7.5 21,295 0.1041971 23,599 15 0.1 1,918 8.1 21,696 0.1051972 25,834 7 0.0 2,024 7.8 23,818 0.1141973 26,801 30 0.1 1,828 6.8 25,003 0.1181974 26,206 31 0.1 1,949 7.4 24,288 0.1141975 22,436 7 0.0 1,318 5.9 21,125 0.0981976 25,773 12 0.0 1,550 6.0 24,235 0.1111977 26,244 25 0.1 1,660 6.3 24,609 0.1121978 27,438 91 0.4 1,850 6.7 25,678 0.1151979 28,483 74 0.3 2,053 7.2 26,505 0.1181980 28,050 89 0.4 3,024 10.8 25,115 0.1101981 28,306 118 0.5 2,378 8.4 26,045 0.1131982 26,344 104 0.4 2,407 9.1 24,041 0.1041983 29,156 152 0.6 2,732 9.4 26,577 0.1141984 30,840 220 0.8 2,477 8.0 28,583 0.1211985 29,860 167 0.6 2,277 7.6 27,750 0.1161986 32,067 255 0.9 2,801 8.7 29,521 0.1231987 33,960 327 1.0 2,893 8.5 31,394 0.1291988 34,678 309 1.0 2,845 8.2 32,142 0.1311989 34,937 483 1.5 2,945 8.4 32,475 0.1311990 35,661 568 1.7 3,305 9.3 32,924 0.1321991 36,591 701 2.1 3,957 10.8 33,335 0.1321992 37,999 856 2.5 3,978 10.5 34,877 0.1371993 39,103 984 2.7 3,853 9.9 36,234 0.1411994 41,472 1,149 3.0 4,132 10.0 38,489 0.1481995 42,303 1,286 3.3 4,181 9.9 39,408 0.1501996 43,445 1,205 3.0 5,096 11.7 39,555 0.1491997 45,651 1,358 3.3 6,138 13.4 40,870 0.1531998 45,122 1,511 3.7 5,274 11.7 41,359 0.1531999 46,294 1,788 4.1 4,915 10.6 43,167 0.1582000 44,418 1,799 4.3 4,475 10.1 41,741 0.1482001 42,456 1,767 4.4 4,235 10.0 39,987 0.1412002 43,650 1,873 4.7 5,320 12.2 40,204 0.1402003 43,552 1,709 4.0 2,840 6.5 42,422 0.1462004 45,427 1,903 4.3 2,973 6.5 44,357 0.1512005 45,087 1,781 4.1 3,072 6.8 43,796 0.1482006 45,731 1,883 4.2 3,079 6.7 44,535 0.1542007 45,713 1,735 3.9 3,374 7.4 44,075 0.1462008 44,072 1,617 3.8 3,573 8.1 42,117 0.1382009 40,353 1,403 3.6 3,205 7.9 38,551 0.1262010 43,046 1,687 4.1 3,701 8.6 41,032 0.1332011 42,982 1,617 4.0 4,126 9.6 40,473 0.1302012 43,317 1,545 3.8 3,989 9.2 40,873 0.1302013 43,672 1,747 4.6 7,525 17.2 37,894 0.1202014 44,336 1,900 4.9 7,838 17.7 38,398 0.1212015 44,778 2,021 5.2 7,844 17.5 38,955 0.1212016 45,106 2,113 5.3 7,640 16.9 39,580 0.1222017 46,247 2,346 5.8 8,094 17.5 40,498 0.124
aDoes not include wet machine board, hard pressed board nor insulation board. Does not include converted products.bBy end use.cAmerican Forest & Paper Association (5).dAmerican Forest & Paper Association (3).eThis export series represents production for export; numbers may differ from exports reported by U.S. Dept. of Commerce.fConsumption = Production + Imports – Exports.gBased upon population data given in Table 1.
ConsumptionImportsc,d Exportsc,d,e
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Table 46—Paper and board production and fibrous materials consumed in the manufacture of paper and board, 1965–2017Paper and Recovered
boarda paperYear productionb,e Total Wood pulpc Recovered paperd Othere Total Wood pulp Recovered Other utilization
Thousand Thousand Thousand Thousand Thousand paperg rate
tons tons tons Tons tons Tons Tons Tons Tons Percent h
1965 40,489 46,838 35,728 10,231 879 1.157 0.882 0.253 0.022 25.31966 43,904 49,958 38,414 10,564 980 1.138 0.875 0.241 0.022 24.11967 43,745 48,846 38,122 9,888 836 1.117 0.871 0.226 0.019 22.61968 47,085 53,635 42,508 10,222 905 1.139 0.903 0.217 0.019 21.71969 49,824 57,597 44,750 11,969 878 1.156 0.898 0.240 0.018 24.01970 48,719 56,595 43,964 11,803 828 1.162 0.902 0.242 0.017 24.21971 49,741 58,224 45,243 12,106 875 1.171 0.910 0.243 0.018 24.31972 53,842 62,059 48,242 12,925 892 1.153 0.896 0.240 0.017 24.01973 56,346 64,953 49,976 14,094 883 1.153 0.887 0.250 0.016 25.01974 55,756 64,490 49,670 13,982 838 1.157 0.891 0.251 0.015 25.11975 47,997 55,970 43,597 11,748 625 1.166 0.908 0.245 0.013 24.51976 54,993 63,294 48,930 13,622 742 1.151 0.890 0.248 0.013 24.81977 56,656 65,240 50,356 14,058 826 1.152 0.889 0.248 0.015 24.81978 58,571 67,059 51,445 14,760 854 1.145 0.878 0.252 0.015 25.21979 61,070 68,648 52,560 15,361 727 1.124 0.861 0.252 0.012 25.21980 61,042 68,727 53,203 14,922 602 1.126 0.872 0.244 0.010 24.41981 62,109 68,828 53,199 15,037 592 1.108 0.857 0.242 0.010 24.21982 59,290 66,611 51,729 14,433 449 1.123 0.872 0.243 0.008 24.31983 64,947 70,573 54,504 15,638 431 1.087 0.839 0.241 0.007 24.11984 68,449 75,732 58,643 16,724 365 1.106 0.857 0.244 0.005 24.41985 66,983 71,482 54,816 16,371 295 1.067 0.818 0.244 0.004 24.41986 70,905 75,368 57,121 17,934 313 1.063 0.806 0.253 0.004 25.31987 74,361 78,522 59,508 18,694 320 1.056 0.800 0.251 0.004 25.11988 76,587 80,730 60,668 19,685 377 1.054 0.792 0.257 0.005 25.71989 76,786 81,772 61,234 20,220 318 1.065 0.797 0.263 0.004 26.31990 78,679 84,040 62,036 21,736 268 1.068 0.788 0.276 0.003 27.61991 79,427 86,143 62,294 23,662 187 1.085 0.784 0.298 0.002 29.81992 82,868 89,507 63,145 26,185 177 1.080 0.762 0.316 0.002 31.61993 84,857 91,471 63,227 28,011 233 1.078 0.745 0.330 0.003 33.01994 89,080 95,771 64,842 30,670 259 1.075 0.728 0.344 0.003 34.41995 89,509 96,529 64,811 31,389 329 1.078 0.724 0.351 0.004 35.11996 90,381 98,410 64,025 33,979 406 1.089 0.708 0.376 0.004 37.61997 95,029 101,591 66,057 35,209 298 1.069 0.695 0.371 0.003 37.11998 94,510 101,218 65,122 35,771 249 1.071 0.689 0.378 0.003 37.81999 97,020 100,690 63,638 36,727 255 1.038 0.656 0.379 0.003 37.92000 94,491 99,348 63,576 35,447 254 1.051 0.673 0.375 0.003 37.52001 88,913 94,232 59,380 34,527 268 1.060 0.668 0.388 0.003 38.82002 89,636 93,967 59,063 34,579 261 1.048 0.659 0.386 0.003 38.62003 88,385 92,478 58,503 33,650 236 1.046 0.662 0.381 0.003 38.12004 91,899 94,627 59,566 34,736 212 1.030 0.648 0.378 0.002 37.82005 91,031 94,891 60,616 33,950 206 1.042 0.666 0.373 0.002 37.32006 91,800 95,697 60,901 34,471 215 1.042 0.663 0.376 0.002 37.62007 91,570 89,841 55,598 33,918 215 0.981 0.607 0.370 0.002 37.02008 87,619 87,950 55,227 32,398 215 1.004 0.630 0.370 0.002 37.02009 78,299 79,021 49,647 29,049 172 1.009 0.634 0.371 0.002 37.12010 82,968 84,903 53,241 31,337 176 1.023 0.642 0.378 0.002 37.82011 81,519 82,792 52,174 30,293 179 1.016 0.640 0.372 0.002 37.22012 80,916 82,972 52,949 29,698 180 1.025 0.654 0.367 0.002 36.72013 80,478 82,684 52,431 29,928 161 1.027 0.651 0.372 0.002 37.22014 79,488 82,417 51,592 30,500 164 1.037 0.649 0.384 0.002 38.42015 79,024 81,611 50,422 30,864 109 1.033 0.638 0.391 0.001 39.12016 78,342 81,705 50,547 30,833 103 1.043 0.645 0.394 0.001 39.42017 78,445 81,848 50,360 31,163 105 1.043 0.642 0.397 0.001 39.7
aExcludes wet machine board and construction grades.bProduction numbers = totals in Table 43. Source: see (e) below.cWood pulp consumption numbers from Table 49.eAmerican Forest & Paper Association (5), American Forest & Paper Association, Paper Recycling Group (7).gWhen given in percents, referred to as "Recovered Paper Utilization Rate".h Recovery Rate is the ratio of paper and board production to recovered paper consumption.
Consumption of fibrous materialsConsumption of fibrous materials
per ton of paper and board produced
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Table 47—Paper and board new supply and recyclable paper consumption, exports,imports, and total recovered, 1965–2017a,b,c
Paper and Consumed at For moldedboard— paper and pulp, insulation, Total Recovery
Year new supplyd board mills and other uses Exports Imports recoverede ratef
Thousand Thousand Thousand Thousand Thousand Thousand Percenttons tons tons tons tons tons
1965 48,270 10,231 z 292 108 z z
1966 52,118 10,564 z 246 113 z z
1967 51,435 9,888 z 262 86 z z
1968 54,351 10,222 z 253 93 z z
1969 57,423 11,969 z 289 75 z z
1970 55,969 11,803 418 408 67 12,562 22.41971 57,450 12,106 442 419 68 12,899 22.41972 62,040 12,925 447 415 88 13,699 22.11973 65,004 14,094 499 683 87 15,189 23.41974 63,308 13,982 489 1,307 89 15,689 24.81975 54,113 11,748 535 861 72 13,072 24.21976 62,014 13,622 630 1,273 106 15,419 24.91977 64,243 14,058 870 1,512 92 16,348 25.41978 67,787 14,760 502 1,613 70 16,805 24.81979 69,796 15,361 509 2,127 78 17,919 25.71980 67,166 14,922 472 2,636 87 17,943 26.71981 67,957 15,037 480 2,282 79 17,720 26.11982 64,730 14,433 487 2,233 74 17,078 26.41983 71,166 15,638 474 2,705 100 18,727 26.31984 76,937 16,724 459 3,456 110 20,530 26.71985 76,133 16,371 529 3,556 88 20,369 26.81986 79,752 17,934 594 4,093 99 22,521 28.21987 83,484 18,694 657 4,809 127 24,033 28.81988 85,720 19,685 703 5,953 161 26,179 30.51989 85,370 20,220 722 6,307 173 27,077 31.71990 86,901 21,736 994 6,505 123 29,112 33.51991 85,145 23,662 1,063 6,598 122 31,201 36.61992 88,369 26,185 1,137 6,782 150 33,955 38.41993 91,639 28,011 1,216 6,371 138 35,460 38.71994 95,717 30,670 1,300 7,974 253 39,691 41.51995 95,971 31,389 1,390 9,908 498 42,189 44.01996 94,529 33,979 1,487 8,084 474 43,077 45.61997 99,556 35,209 1,590 7,882 693 43,989 44.21998 101,183 35,771 1,700 8,117 511 45,077 44.61999 105,316 36,727 2,000 8,517 426 46,818 44.52000 102,811 35,447 2,200 10,272 608 47,311 46.02001 97,395 34,527 2,200 10,597 328 46,996 48.32002 98,949 34,579 2,200 11,267 411 47,635 48.12003 98,016 33,650 2,200 13,805 399 49,256 50.32004 101,882 34,736 2,200 13,910 558 50,288 49.52005 99,613 33,950 2,000 15,868 545 51,272 51.52006 100,665 34,471 1,825 17,501 483 53,314 53.02007 97,007 33,918 1,285 19,886 764 54,325 56.02008 89,838 32,398 745 19,469 789 51,822 57.72009 78,710 29,049 300 21,017 331 50,036 63.42010 81,784 31,337 300 20,692 784 51,545 63.52011 79,444 30,293 300 23,197 1,005 52,767 66.82012 78,619 29,698 300 22,188 1,094 51,092 65.12013 78,761 29,928 300 20,794 894 50,128 63.52014 77,504 30,500 475 21,059 863 51,171 65.42015 77,895 30,864 475 21,479 778 52,040 66.82016 77,730 30,833 500 21,752 889 52,196 67.22017 77,269 31,163 500 20,149 990 50,822 65.8
aIncludes paper, paperboard, wet machine board and construction paper and board.bAmerican Forest and Paper Association (7).cData may not add to totals because of rounding.dProduction plus imports less exports. Includes imports and exports of products.eTotal recovered paper = total recyclable paper consumption plus exports less imports.fRecovery rate is the ratio of total recovered paper collected to newsupply of paper and paperboard.zNot Available.
Recyclable paper
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Table 48—Recovered paper consumption, by major grade, in paper and paperboardmanufacturea, 1970–2017 (thousand short tons)b
TotalOld Old Pulp High grade Total recovery
Year Mixed grades newspapers corrugated substitutesc deinking all grades rate (%)d,r
1970 2,639.0 2,235.0 4,080.0 3,067.0 z 12,021.0 22.41971 2,776.0 2,174.0 4,277.0 3,096.0 z 12,323.0 22.41972 3,054.0 2,317.0 4,722.0 3,039.0 z 13,132.0 22.11973 3,371.0 2,456.0 5,292.0 3,199.0 z 14,318.0 23.41974 3,118.0 2,408.0 5,716.0 2,954.0 z 14,196.0 24.81975 2,606.0 2,040.0 4,743.0 2,594.0 z 11,983.0 24.21976 2,798.0 2,278.0 5,696.0 2,117.0 933.0 13,822.0 24.91977 2,773.0 2,287.0 6,205.0 2,079.0 944.0 14,288.0 25.41978 2,729.0 2,212.0 6,721.0 2,242.0 1,068.0 14,972.0 24.81979 2,648.0 2,480.0 6,967.0 2,308.0 1,117.0 15,520.0 25.71980 2,268.0 2,564.0 6,866.0 2,254.0 1,142.0 15,094.0 26.71981 2,233.0 2,552.0 6,910.0 2,307.0 1,215.0 15,217.0 26.11982 1,707.0 2,673.0 6,770.0 2,247.0 1,223.0 14,620.0 26.41983 1,908.0 2,692.0 7,443.0 2,456.0 1,323.0 15,822.0 26.31984 1,974.5 2,894.8 7,971.7 2,673.4 1,368.6 16,883.0 26.71985 1,901.5 2,875.0 7,899.5 2,493.7 1,380.4 16,550.1 26.81986 2,044.5 3,117.8 8,633.6 2,761.5 1,570.3 18,127.7 28.21987 2,116.0 3,142.6 9,176.7 2,902.2 1,563.5 18,901.0 28.81988 2,182.2 3,215.6 9,909.1 2,889.5 1,691.1 19,887.5 30.51989 2,355.8 3,638.1 9,993.5 2,642.4 1,812.4 20,442.2 31.71990 2,504.9 4,084.5 10,686.5 2,731.8 1,999.8 22,007.5 33.51991 2,890.6 4,572.4 11,247.0 2,988.5 2,239.5 23,938.0 36.61992 3,463.8 4,816.9 12,532.3 2,997.7 2,669.1 26,479.8 38.41993 4,110.1 5,000.3 13,566.8 2,802.1 2,856.8 28,336.1 38.71994 4,786.0 5,368.0 15,009.6 2,696.0 3,090.0 30,949.6 41.51995 4,529.4 5,157.3 16,513.5 2,459.1 3,004.0 31,663.3 44.01996 4,801.7 5,238.4 18,733.3 2,428.8 3,039.9 34,242.1 45.61997 4,698.6 5,561.5 19,640.8 2,640.3 2,954.6 35,495.8 44.21998 5,440.8 5,611.3 19,530.1 2,341.8 3,147.8 36,071.8 44.61999r 5,592.1 5,539.9 20,457.8 2,431.7 3,003.2 37,024.7 44.52000 4,948.0 5,809.0 19,968.0 1,890.0 3,129.0 35,744.0 46.02001 4,800.0 6,077.0 19,348.0 1,845.0 2,750.0 34,820.0 48.32002 4,877.0 5,957.0 19,627.0 1,705.0 2,695.0 34,861.0 48.12003 4,591.0 5,756.0 19,294.0 1,818.0 2,473.0 33,932.0 50.32004 4,976.0 5,867.0 19,926.0 1,701.0 2,537.0 35,007.0 49.52005 4,519.0 5,700.0 20,024.0 1,438.0 2,523.0 34,204.0 51.52006 4,690.0 5,807.0 19,967.0 1,541.0 2,721.0 34,726.0 53.02007 4,481.0 5,272.0 20,159.0 1,487.0 2,775.0 34,174.0 56.02008 4,564.0 4,850.0 19,161.0 1,359.0 2,721.0 32,655.0 57.72009 4,150.0 3,826.0 17,415.0 1,218.0 2,659.0 29,268.0 63.42010 4,371.0 3,886.0 19,327.0 1,260.0 2,708.0 31,552.0 63.52011 3,950.0 3,441.0 19,339.0 1,204.0 2,574.0 30,508.0 66.82012 4,204.0 2,877.0 19,057.0 1,171.0 2,604.0 29,913.0 65.12013 3,998.0 2,468.0 19,805.0 1,166.0 2,706.0 30,143.0 63.52014 3,730.0 1,806.0 20,474.0 1,029.0 3,460.0 30,500.0 65.42015 3,619.0 1,601.0 21,184.0 1,030.0 3,430.0 30,864.0 66.82016 3,731.0 1,436.0 21,241.0 993.0 3,432.0 30,833.0 67.22017 3,724.0 1,242.0 21,987.0 1,002.0 3,208.0 31,163.0 65.8
aIncludes paper, paperboard, construction grades and molded pulp grades.bAmerican Forest and Paper Association (7).cFor years 1972–1975, high grade deinking is included with pulp substitutes.dRecovery rate is the ratio of total recovered paper collected to newsupply of paper and paperboard.rRevised (1985–1999 Total recovery on Table 47).zNot available separately; included with pulp substitutes.
Recovered paper consumption
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Table 49—Wood pulp production, imports, exports, and consumption, 1965–2017a
Year Productionb,d Total Per capitad
Thousand Thousand Percent of Thousand Percent of Thousandtons tons consumption tons production tons Pounds
1965 33,993 3,137 8.8 1,402 4.1 35,728 3681966 36,603 3,358 8.7 1,547 4.2 38,414 3911967 36,677 3,166 8.3 1,721 4.7 38,122 3841968 40,892 3,532 8.3 1,916 4.7 42,508 4241969 42,813 4,040 9.0 2,103 4.9 44,750 4421970 43,546 3,513 8.0 3,095 7.1 43,964 4291971 43,903 3,515 7.8 2,175 5.0 45,243 4361972 46,767 3,728 7.7 2,253 4.8 48,242 4601973 48,327 3,993 8.0 2,344 4.9 49,976 4721974 48,349 4,123 8.3 2,802 5.8 49,670 4641975 43,084 3,078 7.1 2,565 6.0 43,597 4041976 47,721 3,727 7.6 2,518 5.3 48,930 4491977 49,132 3,864 7.7 2,640 5.4 50,356 4571978 50,020 4,024 7.8 2,599 5.2 51,445 4621979 51,177 4,318 8.2 2,935 5.7 52,560 4671980 52,958 4,051 7.6 3,806 7.2 53,203 4671981 52,790 4,087 7.7 3,678 7.0 53,199 4631982 51,468 3,656 7.1 3,395 6.6 51,729 4461983 54,055 4,093 7.5 3,644 6.7 54,504 4651984 57,747 4,490 7.7 3,594 6.2 58,643 4961985 54,145 4,466 8.1 3,795 7.0 54,816 4601986 56,997 4,582 8.0 4,458 7.8 57,121 4751987 59,547 4,850 8.2 4,889 8.2 59,508 4901988 61,158 5,038 8.3 5,528 9.0 60,668 4951989 61,996 5,004 8.2 5,766 9.3 61,234 4951990 63,048 4,893 7.9 5,905 9.4 62,036 4961991 63,635 4,997 8.0 6,338 10.0 62,294 4931992 65,338 5,029 8.0 7,222 11.1 63,145 4941993 64,313 5,413 8.6 6,499 10.1 63,227 4901994 65,920 5,650 8.7 6,728 10.2 64,842 4971995 67,103 5,969 9.2 8,261 12.3 64,811 4931996 65,503 5,692 8.9 7,170 10.9 64,025 4821997 66,650 6,398 9.7 6,990 10.5 66,057 4931998 65,163 5,984 9.2 6,025 9.2 65,122 4821999r 62,914 6,660 10.5 5,936 9.4 63,638 4662000 62,758 7,227 11.4 6,409 10.2 63,576 4512001 58,198 7,348 12.4 6,167 10.6 59,380 4172002 58,069 7,247 12.3 6,254 10.8 59,063 4112003 57,659 6,691 11.4 5,847 10.1 58,503 4022004 59,065 6,726 11.3 6,225 10.5 59,566 4052005 60,267 6,762 11.2 6,413 10.6 60,616 4092006 60,568 6,939 11.4 6,606 10.9 60,901 4202007 55,636 6,793 12.2 6,831 12.3 55,598 3692008 56,745 6,272 11.4 7,790 13.7 55,227 3632009 52,122 5,044 10 7,519 14.4 49,647 3232010 55,343 6,163 11.6 8,265 14.9 53,241 3442011 55,125 6,117 11.7 9,068 16.4 52,174 3342012 55,475 5,599 10.6 8,125 14.6 52,949 3372013 54,466 6,112 11.7 8,147 15.0 52,431 3312014 53,367 6,126 11.9 7,901 14.8 51,592 3242015 52,646 5,872 11.6 8,096 15.4 50,422 3142016 52,701 6,161 12.2 8,315 15.8 50,547 3122017 52,701 6,026 12.0 8,367 15.9 50,360 309aIncludes dissolving and special alpha pulps, excludes defibrated/exploded pulps and screenings. bUnited Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (41); American Forest and Paper Association (2,4).cConsumption = Production + Imports – Exports.dBased on U.S. population data given in Table 1.rRevised.
ExportsdConsumptionc
Imports
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Table 50—Pulpwood consumed in the manufacture of wood pulp, 1965–2017a
Per ton of Wood pulpYear Total pulp produced production
Thousand cords Cords Thousand tons1965 54,034 1.59 33,9931966 57,399 1.57 36,6031967 58,419 1.59 36,6771968 60,969 1.49 40,8921969 64,577 1.51 42,8131970 66,732 1.53 43,5461971 66,601 1.52 43,9031972 68,068 1.46 46,7671973 71,421 1.48 48,3271974 75,787 1.57 48,3491975 63,941 1.48 43,0841976 71,094 1.49 47,7211977 72,952 1.48 49,1321978 75,073 1.50 50,0201979 78,680 1.54 51,1771980 81,921 1.55 52,9581981 81,003 1.53 52,7901982 76,912 1.49 51,4681983 84,504 1.56 54,0551984 86,282 1.49 57,7471985 85,380 1.58 54,1451986 91,187 1.60 56,9971987 93,005 1.56 59,5471988 93,000 1.52 61,1581989 92,615 1.49 61,9961990 92,561 1.47 63,0481991 91,925 1.44 63,6351992 93,642 1.43 65,3381993 90,996 1.41 64,3131994 93,259 1.41 65,9201995 93,013 1.39 67,1031996 88,246 1.35 65,5031997 92,312 1.39 66,6501998 90,591 1.39 65,1631999 86,969 1.38 62,9142000 87,453 1.39 62,7582001 83,384 1.43 58,1982002 82,715 1.42 58,0692003 85,001 1.47 57,6592004 101,394 1.72 59,0652005 100,048 1.66 60,2672006 100,414 1.66 60,5682007 99,223 1.78 55,6362008 96,203 1.70 56,7452009 88,270 1.69 52,1222010 92,209 1.67 55,3432011 94,254 1.71 55,1252012 95,017 1.71 55,4752013 95,125 1.75 54,4662014 93,565 1.75 53,3672015 92,061 1.75 52,6462016 91,824 1.74 52,7012017 90,852 1.72 52,701
aU.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census (68); American Forest and Paper Association (3,5,6); American PulpwoodAssociation (10). Data may not add to totals because of rounding.bIncludes changes in inventories.
Pulpwood consumptionb
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Table 51—Producer price indexes for paper, board, and wood pulp, 1965–2017 (2009 = 100) a
Year
Actual Relativeb Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative1965 14.8 81.2 18.4 101.1 19.2 105.7 26.9 148.1 17.6 96.71966 15.2 81.1 19.0 101.6 19.4 103.5 26.9 143.9 17.6 94.01967 15.3 79.6 19.4 100.9 18.9 98.2 26.7 138.7 17.6 91.31968 15.5 77.2 19.8 98.6 18.1 90.3 26.9 133.8 17.6 87.41969 16.0 75.7 20.5 97.2 18.8 89.3 28.2 133.7 17.6 83.41970 16.6 74.9 21.6 97.4 19.2 86.3 27.0 121.5 19.2 86.71971 16.9 72.3 22.2 95.1 19.4 83.1 27.4 117.4 19.7 84.41972 17.4 71.5 22.6 92.7 20.0 82.0 28.4 116.4 19.6 80.31973 18.8 72.8 23.6 91.6 21.8 84.7 30.1 116.8 22.5 87.31974 23.3 83.1 28.9 103.2 28.8 102.9 33.0 117.8 38.3 136.71975 26.2 85.5 33.6 110.0 32.2 105.4 33.9 111.0 49.8 162.91976 27.5 84.9 35.5 109.4 33.3 102.9 37.0 114.2 50.3 155.11977 28.6 82.9 37.8 109.3 33.3 96.6 41.9 121.4 49.4 143.01978 30.0 81.3 40.1 108.6 34.0 92.1 50.0 135.3 46.8 126.71979 33.6 84.3 44.7 111.9 38.3 95.9 48.7 122.0 55.2 138.31980 38.3 88.0 49.9 114.9 44.4 102.1 55.0 126.6 66.8 153.61981 42.0 88.5 54.4 114.5 48.8 102.8 61.8 130.1 69.8 146.91982 44.3 88.0 55.7 110.5 48.3 95.8 63.9 126.8 66.6 132.21983 45.8 87.3 54.8 104.6 47.5 90.5 66.7 127.2 60.9 116.11984 48.9 89.9 58.9 108.3 53.3 98.0 69.1 127.1 69.8 128.31985 50.2 89.5 59.0 105.2 52.0 92.7 68.6 122.4 60.9 108.51986 51.5 89.8 59.6 104.0 51.4 89.8 69.5 121.3 63.0 110.01987 54.0 91.6 62.1 105.3 57.0 96.7 71.1 120.5 74.2 125.91988 57.8 94.8 68.6 112.5 64.3 105.5 72.4 118.8 91.0 149.31989 61.1 96.5 72.2 114.0 67.6 106.8 73.9 116.7 104.8 165.61990 62.6 95.1 71.7 109.0 65.5 99.6 71.7 109.0 100.7 153.11991 63.3 93.3 70.7 104.0 62.8 92.5 71.4 105.2 79.4 116.81992 64.4 92.5 68.6 98.6 64.8 93.2 76.4 109.8 79.2 113.81993 65.3 91.7 68.9 96.8 62.7 88.1 84.8 119.0 69.4 97.41994 67.6 92.9 70.2 96.5 67.8 93.2 92.1 126.6 77.2 106.11995 76.3 102.7 88.5 119.1 88.4 118.9 92.6 124.6 122.0 164.11996 74.8 98.8 83.2 109.9 74.9 98.9 87.7 115.8 88.6 117.11997 74.4 96.4 80.1 103.7 69.7 90.2 82.8 107.2 85.6 110.91998 76.1 97.3 81.0 103.6 73.2 93.6 84.9 108.6 81.6 104.41999 77.2 97.3 79.0 99.6 73.9 93.2 90.5 114.1 79.7 100.52000 81.4 100.6 83.4 103.0 85.3 105.3 88.7 109.5 96.7 119.52001 81.9 98.8 83.9 101.2 83.1 100.2 82.6 99.7 83.8 101.02002 82.4 98.3 80.6 96.1 79.4 94.7 82.6 98.6 77.4 92.32003 84.2 100.5 81.3 97.1 78.5 93.7 102.2 121.9 80.8 96.42004 86.7 97.3 83.2 93.3 82.1 92.2 122.9 137.9 88.0 98.82005 89.8 97.6 88.9 96.6 84.7 92.1 118.1 128.4 91.9 99.92006 93.0 98.1 93.2 98.3 92.7 97.7 110.5 116.6 95.9 101.22007 96.1 98.8 94.3 96.9 97.3 100.0 99.2 101.9 107.5 110.52008 100.5 101.3 102.6 103.4 105.2 106.0 104.7 105.5 114.1 115.02009 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.02010 105.0 103.9 101.4 100.3 108.5 107.4 107.6 106.5 123.8 122.52011 108.6 105.3 106.5 103.2 111.2 107.8 104.5 101.3 129.7 125.72012 108.2 103.0 106.7 101.6 110.0 104.8 119.6 113.9 123.8 117.92013 110.3 103.3 106.2 99.5 117.6 110.2 132.8 124.5 120.3 112.72014 111.0 102.6 107.3 99.1 120.0 110.8 120.7 111.5 122.3 113.02015 110.3 100.2 105.7 96.1 117.3 106.6 119.0 108.2 120.9 109.92016 109.8 98.5 104.0 93.3 112.6 101.1 128.5 115.3 114.2 102.52017 112.9 99.5 103.8 91.5 124.3 109.6 141.6 124.8 119.3 105.2aU.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics (79).bDerived by dividing the actual price index by the all commodities price index.
Building paper and board Wood pulp
Pulp, paper, andallied products Paper Paperboard
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Table 52—Producer price indexes for wastepaper, by grade, 1965–2015 (2009 = 100)a
Year Wastepaper Newspaper Mixed papers Corrugated High gradesb Exports (all grades)Actual Relativec Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative Actual Relative
1965 44.3 244.1 z z z z z z z z z z
1966 46.8 250.4 z z z z z z z z z z
1967 34.8 180.7 z z z z z z z z z z
1968 45.3 225.2 z z z z z z z z z z
1969 48.3 229.3 z z z z z z z z z z
1970 43.5 196.2 z z z z z z z z z z
1971 39.0 167.2 71.3 305.4 21.3 91.2 61.8 264.7 z z z z
1972 46.5 190.9 z z z z z z z z z z
1973 68.7 266.7 z z z z z z z z z z
1974 92.5 330.3 z z z z z z z z z z
1975 38.4 125.4 77.3 252.7 18.0 58.8 49.7 162.6 z z z z
1976 64.4 198.7 137.9 425.4 27.1 83.7 108.5 334.7 z z z z
1977 65.2 188.9 144.8 419.3 30.3 87.6 103.3 299.1 z z z z
1978 66.6 180.3 138.6 375.2 38.9 105.3 111.9 303.1 z z z z
1979 71.9 180.2 104.9 262.7 35.5 88.8 154.3 386.6 z z z z
1980 72.7 167.1 115.7 266.1 38.5 88.5 106.4 244.9 z z z z
1981 61.2 128.8 66.1 139.1 32.9 69.3 76.6 161.3 z z z z
1982 42.2 83.8 z z z z z z z z z z
1983 z z z z z z z z z z z z
1984 83.6 153.8 133.4 245.3 42.5 78.1 166.5 306.1 z z z z
1985 51.9 92.5 103.7 184.9 36.1 64.4 81.1 144.7 z z z z
1986 60.2 105.0 95.3 166.3 31.7 55.3 124.7 217.6 z z z z
1987 76.5 129.8 121.5 206.1 37.6 63.7 164.1 278.3 80.9 137.2 54.1 91.71988 77.5 127.1 119.5 196.1 41.4 67.9 131.2 215.3 97.3 159.7 55.4 90.81989 66.3 104.7 62.0 97.9 28.3 44.7 94.5 149.3 100.5 158.8 48.9 77.31990 58.6 89.1 51.9 78.9 21.3 32.4 86.7 131.9 88.6 134.6 43.5 66.11991 51.2 75.4 50.8 74.8 15.7 23.2 86.4 127.3 71.4 105.2 39.2 57.71992 49.6 71.3 45.5 65.5 15.8 22.8 76.7 110.2 73.4 105.4 38.7 55.61993 49.5 69.5 50.3 70.6 22.1 31.1 74.5 104.6 70.4 98.8 35.8 50.21994 88.4 121.5 101.4 139.5 52.0 71.4 168.9 232.3 82.4 113.2 53.5 73.51995 156.6 210.7 212.3 285.6 127.4 171.4 269.8 363.1 118.5 159.5 95.9 129.01996 59.7 78.9 55.5 73.3 29.3 38.7 106.7 140.9 62.1 82.1 38.5 50.91997 68.9 89.2 53.4 69.2 25.9 33.6 130.3 168.8 72.0 93.2 45.5 58.91998 61.4 78.5 59.9 76.7 41.8 53.5 94.2 120.5 68.0 86.9 36.4 46.51999 77.5 97.7 82.7 104.2 97.8 123.3 106.7 134.6 73.9 93.2 50.0 63.12000 119.2 147.2 124.2 153.4 202.7 250.3 128.1 158.2 119.2 147.2 67.6 83.52001 62.7 75.6 76.9 92.8 50.2 60.5 69.6 84.0 74.7 90.1 37.9 45.72002 73.0 87.1 94.2 112.4 101.7 121.3 103.6 123.6 76.6 91.4 51.3 61.22003 83.2 99.3 103.5 123.5 137.7 164.3 105.2 125.5 92.3 110.1 53.3 63.62004 97.6 109.5 121.1 135.8 185.1 207.6 138.9 155.9 100.6 112.9 69.1 77.52005 97.4 105.9 118.8 129.1 162.1 176.2 131.5 142.9 100.9 109.7 72.8 79.22006 99.1 104.5 113.9 120.1 138.2 145.8 137.2 144.7 104.5 110.2 72.8 76.72007 155.6 159.8 152.6 156.8 201.6 207.2 213.7 219.6 145.4 149.4 116.7 119.92008 157.2 158.4 166.1 167.4 197.4 199.0 188.8 190.3 162.5 163.8 124.9 125.82009 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.02010 177.8 176.0 134.3 132.9 193.5 191.5 211.1 208.8 174.5 172.7 188.4 186.42011 203.6 197.3 174.1 168.7 205.7 199.3 234.6 227.3 193.5 187.5 147.9 143.32012 156.4 149.0 120.4 114.7 183.0 174.3 175.9 167.5 148.1 141.1 147.9 140.82013 153.4 143.7 106.6 99.9 183.4 171.8 171.7 160.9 138.4 129.7 147.9 138.52014 144.3 133.3 91.0 84.0 153.7 142.0 156.3 144.3 148.1 136.8 147.9 136.62015 123.2 112.0 81.4 74.0 153.7 139.7 128.2 116.5 136.0 123.6 147.9 134.42016 131.9 118.4 91.3 81.9 153.7 138.0 136.4 122.4 145.8 130.9 147.9 132.72017 170.0 149.9 103.8 91.5 153.7 135.5 200.9 177.1 158.7 139.9 147.9 130.4
aU.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics (79).bPulp substitutes and deinking; December 1986 = 100.cDerived by dividing the actual price index by the all commodities price index.zNot Available.
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Table 53—Particleboard and medium-density fiberboard production, imports, exports, and consumption, 1965–2017 (3/4-in. basis)a
Medium-densityYear Total Particleboard fiberboard Importsb Exports Total Per capita
Million Million Million Million Million Millionsquare square square square square square Squarefeet feet feet feet feet feet feet
1965 828 753 75 4 c 832 41966 1,031 948 83 1 c 1,032 51967 1,167 1,074 93 1 2 1,166 61968 1,494 1,391 103 1 6 1,489 71969 1,796 1,682 114 12 14 1,794 91970 1,858 1,731 127 3 10 1,851 91971 2,500 2,359 141 8 20 2,488 121972 3,236 3,079 157 14 45 3,205 151973 3,634 3,460 174 17 77 3,574 171974 3,269 3,075 194 7 113 3,163 151975 2,718 2,503 215 16 84 2,650 121976 3,469 3,189 280 60 80 3,449 161977 4,010 3,569 441 158 63 4,105 191978 4,228 3,720 508 193 61 4,360 201979 3,883 3,376 507 221 84 4,020 181980 3,443 2,950 493 264 106 3,601 161981 3,385 2,869 516 254 117 3,522 151982 2,839 2,393 446 766 41 3,564 151983 3,613 3,009 604 994 47 4,560 191984 3,830 3,196 634 1,331 54 5,107 221985 4,016 3,331 685 1,335 59 5,292 221986 4,384 3,603 781 1,395 86 5,693 241987 4,605 3,706 899 1,550 113 6,042 251988 4,768 3,829 939 1,634 163 6,239 251989 4,828 3,858 970 425 333 4,920 201990 4,756 3,806 950 363 373 4,746 191991 4,730 3,772 958 293 369 4,654 181992 5,046 3,980 1,066 405 394 5,057 201993 5,402 4,241 1,161 572 318 5,656 221994 5,793 4,542 1,251 775 297 6,271 241995 5,307 4,200 1,107 840 319 5,828 221996 5,705 4,459 1,246 814 154 6,365 241997 5,916 4,531 1,385 963 188 6,691 251998 5,994 4,593 1,401 1,038 135 6,897 261999r 6,229 4,816 1,413 1,221 135 7,315 272000 6,292 4,804 1,488 1,856 162 7,986 282001 5,480 4,096 1,384 1,936 192 7,224 252002 6,035 4,414 1,621 1,377 212 7,200 252003 5,592 3,984 1,608 1,574 194 6,972 242004 6,052 4,305 1,747 1,751 195 7,608 262005 5,951 4,111 1,840 1,571 199 7,322 252006 5,911 4,055 1,856 1,283 205 6,989 242007 5,432 3,543 1,889 1,241 328 6,345 212008 4,623 2,916 1,707 1,180 398 5,404 182009 3,865 2,194 1,671 1,144 338 4,671 152010 3,709 2,287 1,422 1,326 400 4,634 152011 3,750 2,290 1,460 1,333 407 4,676 152012 3,750 2,290 1,460 1,520 462 4,808 152013 4,048 2,321 1,727 1,797 479 5,367 172014 4,054 2,388 1,667 3,638 503 7,189 232015 4,105 2,430 1,675 3,792 555 7,341 232016 4,084 2,345 1,739 2,957 448 6,593 202017 3,950 2,255 1,695 2,997 398 6,549 20
aComposite Panel Association (15); U.S. International Trade Commission (86,87);U.S. Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service (44).Data may not add to totals because of rounding.bMay contain significant volumes of waferboard and oriented strandboard productsprior to 1989.cFewer than 500,000 ft2.rRevised.
Production Consumption
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Table 54—lnsulating boarda production, imports, exports, andconsumption, 1965–2017 (1/2-in. basis)b
Year Production Importsc Exports Total Per capita
Million Million Million Millionsquare feet square feet square feet square feet Square feet
1965 3,362 75 42 3,395 171966 3,079 67 48 3,098 161967 3,209 69 45 3,233 161968 3,476 94 45 3,525 181969 3,623 98 65 3,656 181970 3,194 103 51 3,246 161971 3,839 115 65 3,889 191972 3,918 121 66 3,973 191973 3,914 140 79 3,975 191974 3,282 72 102 3,252 151975 2,960 36 77 2,919 141976 3,407 45 77 3,375 151977 3,462 107 84 3,485 161978 3,437 139 106 3,470 161979 3,310 138 49 3,399 151980 2,780 100 62 2,818 121981 2,124 104 110 2,118 91982 1,790 118 67 1,841 81983 2,277 204 83 2,398 101984 2,545 286 89 2,742 121985 2,461 343 80 2,724 111986 2,194 338 117 2,415 101987 2,242 273 127 2,388 101988 2,340 320 203 2,457 101989 2,455 346 180 2,621 111990 2,365 290 175 2,480 101991 2,323 200 191 2,332 91992 2,363 310 215 2,458 101993 2,358 285 208 2,435 91994 2,335 305 170 2,470 91995 2,335 305 170 2,470 91996 2,335 305 170 2,470 91997 2,335 305 170 2,470 91998 2,335 305 170 2,470 91999 2,335 305 170 2,470 92000 2,335 305 170 2,470 92001 2,335 305 170 2,470 92002 2,335 305 170 2,470 92003 2,335 305 170 2,470 82004 2,335 305 170 2,470 82005 2,335 305 170 2,470 82006 2,335 305 170 2,470 92007 2,335 305 170 2,470 82008 2,335 305 170 2,470 82009 2,335 305 170 2,470 82010 2,335 305 170 2,470 82011 2,335 305 170 2,470 82012 2,335 305 170 2,470 82013 2,335 305 170 2,470 82014 2,335 305 170 2,470 82015 2,335 305 170 2,470 82016 2,335 305 170 2,470 82017 2,335 305 170 2,470 8
aDensity equal to or less than 31 lb/ft3.bAmerican Forest and Paper Association (3,5).Data may not add to totals because of rounding.cIncludes other building board.
Consumption
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Table 55—lnsulating boarda production, imports, exports, andconsumption, 1965–2017b
Year Production Importsc Exports Total Per capitaThousand Thousand Thousand Thousandtons tons tons tons pounds
1965 1,234 28 15 1,246 61966 1,130 25 18 1,137 61967 1,178 25 17 1,187 61968 1,276 34 17 1,294 61969 1,330 36 24 1,342 71970 1,172 38 19 1,191 61971 1,409 42 24 1,427 71972 1,438 44 24 1,458 71973 1,436 51 29 1,459 71974 1,204 26 37 1,193 61975 1,086 13 28 1,071 51976 1,250 17 28 1,239 61977 1,271 39 31 1,279 61978 1,261 51 39 1,273 61979 1,215 51 18 1,247 61980 1,020 37 23 1,034 51981 780 38 40 777 31982 657 43 25 676 31983 836 75 30 880 41984 934 105 33 1,006 41985 903 126 29 1,000 41986 805 124 43 886 41987 823 100 47 876 41988 859 117 75 902 41989 901 127 66 962 41990 868 106 64 910 41991 853 73 70 856 31992 867 114 79 902 41993 865 105 76 894 31994 857 112 62 906 31995 857 112 62 906 31996 857 112 62 906 31997 857 112 62 906 31998 857 112 62 906 31999 857 112 62 906 32000 857 112 62 906 32001 857 112 62 906 32002 857 112 62 906 32003 857 112 62 906 32004 857 112 62 906 32005 857 112 62 906 32006 857 112 62 906 32007 857 112 62 906 32008 857 112 62 906 32009 857 112 62 906 32010 857 112 62 906 32011 857 112 62 906 32012 857 112 62 906 32013 857 112 62 907 32014 857 112 62 906 32015 857 112 62 906 32016 857 112 62 906 32017 857 112 62 906 3
aDensity equal to or less than 31 lb/ft3.bProduct of Table 54 using a conversion of 0.367. cIncludes other building board.
Consumption
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Table 56—Hardboarda production, imports, exports, and consumption, 1965–2017 (1/8-in. basis)b
Year Productionc Imports Exports Total Per capitaMillion Million Million Million
square feet square feet square feet square feet Square feet1965 2,921 574 22 3,473 181966 3,083 459 32 3,510 181967 3,038 455 30 3,463 171968 3,710 623 40 4,293 211969 4,247 694 48 4,893 241970 4,384 452 77 4,759 231971 5,225 631 83 5,773 281972 5,798 1,060 103 6,755 321973 6,050 1,047 131 6,966 331974 5,654 739 175 6,218 291975 5,681 264 158 5,787 271976 6,785 486 187 7,084 321977 7,714 625 174 8,165 371978 7,825 903 78 8,650 391979 7,688 831 101 8,418 371980 6,140 515 87 6,568 291981 6,105 568 171 6,502 281982 5,587 458 47 5,998 261983 7,303 717 60 7,960 341984 6,837 807 64 7,580 321985 6,300 782 192 6,890 291986 5,822 855 182 6,495 271987 5,458 832 269 6,021 251988 5,118 633 322 5,429 221989 5,196 718 427 5,487 221990 5,025 689 552 5,162 211991 4,895 571 606 4,860 191992 5,273 571 836 5,008 201993 5,248 639 917 4,970 191994 5,206 1,119 1,190 5,135 201995 4,930 1,152 1,377 4,705 181996 5,280 1,183 1,426 5,037 191997 4,501 1,306 1,259 4,548 171998 4,300 1,273 871 4,703 171999 4,386 1,782 916 5,253 192000 3,781 1,764 942 4,602 162001 3,322 2,299 788 4,833 172002 2,919 2,676 669 4,926 172003 4,304 3,080 648 6,736 232004 3,880 4,188 1,005 7,063 242005 4,347 4,786 1,076 8,056 272006 3,870 4,899 1,321 7,448 262007 3,312 4,010 1,215 6,107 202008 2,916 2,407 1,138 4,185 142009 2,226 1,538 994 2,770 92010 2,718 1,118 920 2,916 92011 2,466 697 798 2,366 82012 2,201 608 769 2,040 62013 2,500 604 677 2,427 82014 2,532 525 531 2,526 82015 2,513 543 402 2,654 82016 2,688 733 416 3,005 92017 2,698 928 680 2,945 9
aDensity greater than 31 lb/ft3.bAmerican Forest and Paper Association (3,4,5); U.S. InternationalTrade Commission (86,87); Composite Panel Association (15);U.S. Department of Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service (44).Data may not add to totals because of rounding.cData for the years 1982 to present are for shipments.History numbers do not reflect entire industry.
Consumption
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Table 57—Producer price indexes for hardboard and particleboard, 1965–2017 (2009 = 100)a
Year Actual Relatived Actual Relatived Actual Relatived
1965 32.2 177.3 z z z z
1966 32.0 171.3 z z z z
1967 30.9 160.6 z z z z
1968 30.7 152.5 z z z z
1969 31.8 151.0 z z z z
1970 28.8 129.9 z z z z
1971 28.9 123.7 z z z z
1972 29.8 122.4 z z z z
1973 32.7 126.9 z z z z
1974 35.6 127.2 z z z z
1975 35.1 114.9 z z z z
1976 38.3 118.1 z z z z
1977 43.6 126.4 z z z z
1978 52.8 142.8 z z z z
1979 51.3 128.4 z z z z
1980 59.1 135.9 z z z z
1981 65.8 138.5 z z z z
1982 68.0 134.9 z z z z
1983 70.9 135.2 z z 54.9 104.61984 73.6 135.4 z z 60.2 110.61985 72.1 128.6 84.0 149.8 56.9 101.51986 72.9 127.2 85.3 148.8 58.0 101.31987 74.4 126.2 81.4 138.1 62.5 106.01988 75.6 124.0 80.5 132.1 64.7 106.21989 76.3 120.5 80.1 126.6 66.4 104.81990 73.1 111.1 80.2 121.9 60.5 92.01991 72.4 106.6 79.2 116.5 60.4 89.01992 78.1 112.3 82.0 117.9 62.5 89.81993 87.1 122.2 87.2 122.4 71.9 100.91994 94.5 129.9 89.3 122.7 80.4 110.51995 94.9 127.7 90.6 122.0 80.3 108.11996 89.5 118.2 95.0 125.5 77.2 102.01997 84.2 109.1 96.8 125.4 73.6 95.31998 86.6 110.8 95.7 122.4 71.8 91.81999 92.5 116.6 97.6 123.0 74.0 93.42000 90.3 111.5 99.3 122.6 76.5 94.52001 83.3 100.5 93.1 112.3 71.7 86.52002 83.1 99.2 91.4 109.0 69.7 83.12003 104.0 124.1 93.3 111.3 70.9 84.62004 125.9 141.3 97.1 108.9 90.5 101.52005 120.3 130.7 96.1 104.5 87.5 95.12006 111.8 117.9 98.6 104.0 102.4 108.02007 99.5 102.2 98.0 100.7 101.0 103.82008 105.0 105.8 100.4 101.2 107.7 108.62009 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.02010 107.7 106.6 104.3 103.2 98.3 97.32011 104.7 101.4 107.2 103.8 101.5 98.32012 120.1 114.4 107.7 102.6 108.5 103.32013 134.0 125.5 112.0 104.9 114.9 107.72014 121.1 111.8 116.0 107.1 121.4 112.12015 119.1 108.3 125.8 114.4 121.4 110.32016 128.8 115.6 126.7 113.7 121.5 109.12017 142.4 125.5 127.4 112.4 123.2 108.6
aU.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics (79).bHardboard, particleboard, and fiberboard products.cPlaten-type (mat formed).dDerived by dividing the actual price index by the all commodities index.zNot Available.
ParticleboardcHardboardHardboard andparticleboardb
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Table 58—Production of treated wood products by type of treatment, treatment plant, and product, 1984–2017 (thousands of board feet)a
Year Total Creosote Oilborneb Waterborne Fire Firesolutions pressure pressure retardants Creosote Oilborne Waterborne retardants
1984 5,989,488 1,651,128 643,320 3,620,364 74,676 120 95 445 751985 6,231,780 1,542,852 630,420 3,944,124 114,384 123 97 449 771986 6,649,236 1,424,988 593,808 4,505,496 124,944 117 81 475 791987 6,911,796 1,173,888 582,684 5,027,808 127,416 109 71 479 811988 7,189,740 1,085,772 574,428 5,406,780 122,760 97 65 484 801989 6,683,316 1,078,440 592,632 4,883,292 128,952 90 60 473 711990 7,027,620 1,118,304 559,104 5,252,100 98,112 85 65 458 661991 6,781,128 1,051,320 521,880 5,092,440 115,488 83 63 445 601992 7,025,796 1,078,452 477,876 5,369,244 100,224 81 44 432 571993 7,270,452 1,105,584 433,860 5,646,048 84,960 76 49 404 481994 7,609,020 1,134,780 495,348 5,962,596 16,296 85 33 461 441995 6,946,488 1,101,012 393,168 5,407,152 45,156 71 28 384 391996 7,099,307 1,038,136 401,934 5,614,264 44,974 68 27 368 291997 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 351998 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 351999 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352000 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352001 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352002 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352003 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352004 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352005 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352006 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352007 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352008 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352009 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352010 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352011 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352012 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352013 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352014 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352015 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352016 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 352017 8,772,963 1,168,768 468,270 6,977,434 158,491 70 46 381 35
Year Totald Fence Switch and Plywood Othere
Lumber Timbers Poles Pilings posts Crossties bridge ties (thousand sq.ft.)1984 3,980,729 948,965 324,492 931,896 142,068 235,800 1,064,640 98,376 179,936 234,4921985 4,032,820 1,025,956 350,496 921,972 126,348 149,232 1,030,728 97,608 267,072 330,4801986 4,136,740 1,173,628 387,348 880,092 125,784 208,092 965,316 70,884 297,664 325,5961987 4,118,679 1,290,567 542,376 903,288 97,440 135,024 715,128 111,672 408,064 323,1841988 4,136,768 1,417,868 540,204 854,292 116,388 148,848 693,240 75,780 406,560 290,1481989 4,054,037 1,207,913 527,412 887,700 116,136 172,524 696,264 75,612 422,048 370,4761990 4,240,101 1,290,657 576,012 882,012 86,232 178,488 755,856 85,980 392,736 384,8641991 4,129,285 1,220,053 630,372 860,808 81,240 166,020 731,664 74,760 415,936 364,3681992 4,236,767 1,284,479 622,284 812,592 93,012 165,504 747,348 77,052 430,368 434,4961993 4,344,226 1,348,906 614,196 764,376 104,772 164,988 763,032 79,332 444,800 504,6241994 5,146,279 1,084,470 970,867 903,974 121,390 246,946 756,648 120,036 651,267 941,9491995 4,698,187 990,043 886,332 825,264 110,820 225,444 690,768 109,584 594,560 859,9321996 4,470,363 1,160,247 667,572 762,792 101,028 281,208 669,948 68,880 681,088 758,6881997 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0531998 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0531999 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532000 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532001 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532002 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532003 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532004 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532005 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532006 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532007 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532008 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532009 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532010 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532011 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532012 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532013 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532014 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532015 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532016 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,0532017 5,287,364 1,543,748 1,032,313 774,235 108,062 181,375 911,537 72,042 772,963 664,053
aWood Preservation Institute (91); American Plywood Association, The Engineered Wood Association (11,12,13).bPentachlorophenol, Copper Napthenate, Zinc Napthenate, Copper-8-Quinolinolate, and TBTO (mostly pentachlorophenol).c1984 was estimated.dExcludes plywood. eCrossarms, landscape timbers, highway posts and guardrails, mine ties and timbers, crossing planks, and other misc. products not listed above.Lumber taken from General Technical Report GTR-199 update, Table 11 Hardwood Recovery Factor. Plywood taken from GTR-199 update, Hardwood Plywood Lumber Conversion Table B-7. All Other taken from GTR-199 update, Table B-10.
Volume treated with Plants treating withc
Volume by product
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Table 59—Forest chemical products production in gallons and short tons, 1965–2017a
Over 2% Under 2% Sulphate Gum Steam Tall oil Gum SteamYear Total rosin rosin Total turpentined turpentine distilled Total rosin rosin distilled rosin
1,000 Short 1,000 Short 1,000 Short 1,000 U.S. 1,000 U.S. 1,000 U.S. 1,000 U.S. 1,000 Short 1,000 Short 1,000 Short 1,000 ShortTons Tons Tons Gallons Gallons Gallons Gallons Tons Tons Tons Tons
1965 164.0 z z 35,033 21,033 5,569 8,432 591.2 179.2 103.3 308.81966 185.5 z z 33,275 21,338 4,211 7,727 559.9 200.0 78.1 281.91967 183.2 z z 31,397 20,987 3,387 7,024 534.5 194.6 63.9 275.91968 186.3 z z 32,609 23,658 2,521 6,430 527.8 204.3 48.9 274.61969 203.9 z z 30,869 23,975 1,750 5,144 498.1 226.8 34.0 237.41970 220.2 z z 28,790 22,768 1,292 4,731 473.6 228.7 25.1 219.81971 223.9 z z 28,433 22,745 1,418 4,270 466.3 230.3 26.3 209.81972 235.9 z z 28,295 23,206 1,328 3,761 465.7 240.1 25.5 200.11973 226.8 z z 27,308 22,629 1,143 3,536 418.4 222.2 20.2 176.01974 199.8 z z 25,583 21,379 797 3,407 369.3 198.0 14.5 156.81975 161.3 z z 21,471 18,575 1,006 1,890 264.0 160.7 17.8 85.51976 205.7 z z 24,183 20,265 920 2,998 350.2 201.7 16.8 131.71977 197.6 98.0 99.6 23,646 20,297 731 2,618 341.1 202.4 13.4 125.31978 193.8 102.1 91.7 24,949 22,066 517 2,366 340.8 211.5 9.4 119.91979 210.8 107.1 103.6 26,257 23,449 369 2,439 354.4 231.7 7.0 115.71980 209.0 114.8 94.2 27,685 24,979 314 2,392 343.6 223.3 5.9 114.41981 210.7 102.1 108.6 25,765 23,310 270 2,185 331.3 221.8 5.1 104.51982 187.7 91.1 96.6 23,353 21,283 230 1,840 286.4 194.0 4.4 88.01983 214.0 103.4 110.6 23,808 22,193 235 1,380 303.9 211.6 4.3 88.01984 235.8 118.4 117.5 23,233 21,628 225 1,380 295.8 225.6 4.2 66.01985 204.6 106.8 97.8 22,191 21,096 175 920 261.9 214.5 3.4 44.01986 215.1 112.5 102.5 21,956 21,956 z z 216.8 216.8 z z
1987 231.0 114.1 116.9 23,196 23,196 z z 252.1 252.1 z z
1988 239.4 118.9 120.5 28,000 28,000 z z 256.5 256.5 z z
1989 241.2 114.7 126.5 29,749 29,749 z z 262.1 262.1 z z
1990 236.8 112.8 124.1 31,077 31,077 z z 274.6 274.6 z z
1991 264.8 125.7 139.0 25,767 25,767 z z 262.9 262.9 z z
1992 251.9 115.0 137.0 24,498 24,498 z z 266.1 266.1 z z
1993 255.2 107.4 147.8 27,114 27,114 z z 285.6 285.6 z z
1994 279.1 124.6 154.4 26,424 26,424 z z 281.8 281.8 z z
1995 249.8 109.0 140.8 25,328 25,328 z z 272.6 272.6 z z
1996 254.7 109.0 145.6 22,412 22,412 z z 290.6 290.6 z z
1997 273.7 112.8 160.9 25,564 25,564 z z 308.4 308.4 z z
1998 281.9 130.8 151.1 24,146 24,146 z z 271.7 271.7 z z
1999 290.2 133.7 156.5 20,733 20,733 z z 231.1 231.1 z z
2000 263.0 102.1 160.9 23,080 23,080 z z 245.0 245.0 z z
2001 232.2 95.4 136.8 22,454 22,454 z z 206.7 206.7 z z
2002 241.4 102.1 139.3 24,162 24,162 z z 229.8 229.8 z z
2003 281.4 117.7 163.7 23,063 23,063 z z 241.5 241.5 z z
2004 383.0 191.5 191.5 22,468 22,468 z z 268.7 268.7 z z
2005 373.8 182.3 191.5 22,077 22,077 z z 261.3 261.3 z z
2006 374.1 z z 21,798 21,798 z z 277.2 277.2 z z
2007 379.5 z z 22,450 22,450 z z 281.6 281.6 z z
2008 385.2 z z 23,124 23,124 z z 286.1 286.1 z z
2009 375.3 z z 22,676 22,676 z z 280.4 280.4 z z
2010 375.3 z z 22,676 22,676 z z 280.4 280.4 z z
2011 375.3 z z 22,676 22,676 z z 280.4 280.4 z z
2012 376.3 z z 22,676 22,676 z z 280.4 280.4 z z
2013 376.3 z z 22,676 22,676 z z 280.4 280.4 z z
2014 376.3 z z 22,676 22,676 z z 280.4 280.4 z z
2015 376.3 z z 22,676 22,676 z z 280.4 280.4 z z
2016 376.3 z z 22,676 22,676 z z 280.4 280.4 z z
2017 376.3 z z 22,676 22,676 z z 280.4 280.4 z z
aNaval Stores Review (31); Pine Chemicals Association (33).b1965–1972 numbers are converted from 50-gallon barrels to 1,000 gallons.c1965–1972 numbers are converted from 520-lb drums to 1,000 short tons.d1988–present represents crude turpentine production.zNot Available.
RosincTurpentinebTall oil fatty acids
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Table 60—Wood energy use in the United States, 1973–2017a
Total Residential Commercial IndustrialElectric utilities Total Residential Commercial Industrial
Electric utilities
1973 1,527 354 7 1,165 1 6,108 1,416 27 4,659 51974 1,538 371 7 1,159 1 6,151 1,484 28 4,636 31975 1,497 425 8 1,063 0 5,988 1,702 32 4,253 11976 1,711 482 9 1,220 1 6,846 1,927 36 4,880 41977 1,837 542 10 1,281 3 7,346 2,167 41 5,125 131978 2,036 622 12 1,400 2 8,145 2,487 47 5,602 81979 2,150 728 14 1,405 3 8,599 2,912 55 5,619 121980 2,483 859 21 1,600 3 9,931 3,436 84 6,400 111981 2,495 869 21 1,602 3 9,978 3,476 84 6,408 101982 2,477 937 22 1,516 2 9,908 3,748 88 6,064 81983 2,639 925 22 1,690 2 10,557 3,700 88 6,760 91984 2,629 923 22 1,679 5 10,515 3,692 88 6,716 191985 2,576 899 24 1,645 8 10,303 3,596 96 6,580 311986 2,518 876 27 1,610 5 10,073 3,504 108 6,440 211987 2,465 852 29 1,576 8 9,861 3,408 116 6,304 331988 2,552 885 32 1,625 10 10,207 3,540 128 6,500 391989 2,637 918 36 1,584 100 10,548 3,672 144 6,334 3981990 2,191 581 39 1,442 129 8,762 2,324 157 5,768 5141991 2,190 613 41 1,410 126 8,759 2,452 164 5,639 5031992 2,290 645 44 1,461 140 9,162 2,580 176 5,845 5611993 2,227 548 46 1,483 150 8,907 2,192 183 5,933 5991994 2,315 537 46 1,580 152 9,261 2,148 184 6,319 6091995 2,420 596 46 1,652 125 9,678 2,384 184 6,608 5021996 2,467 595 50 1,684 138 9,867 2,380 202 6,734 5511997 2,350 433 49 1,731 137 9,398 1,732 196 6,922 5481998 2,175 387 48 1,603 137 8,702 1,549 193 6,414 5471999 2,224 414 52 1,620 138 8,895 1,655 209 6,478 5522000 2,257 433 53 1,636 134 9,027 1,733 213 6,544 5372001 1,980 370 40 1,443 126 7,918 1,480 162 5,770 5062002 1,899 313 39 1,396 150 7,595 1,252 157 5,586 6012003 1,929 359 40 1,363 167 7,717 1,436 159 5,453 6692004 2,015 332 41 1,476 165 8,060 1,329 166 5,904 6612005 1,826 332 41 1,284 168 7,302 1,329 166 5,137 6702006 2,109 390 65 1,472 182 8,436 1,560 259 5,890 7272007 2,098 430 69 1,413 186 8,394 1,720 278 5,652 7442008 2,044 450 73 1,344 177 8,177 1,800 292 5,375 7092009 1,881 430 72 1,198 180 7,522 1,720 290 4,792 7202010 1,979 420 70 1,293 189 7,916 1,680 281 5,172 7552011 1,967 420 70 1,302 175 7,868 1,680 280 5,208 7002012 2,010 420 61 1,339 190 8,040 1,680 244 5,356 7602013 2,138 580 70 1,281 207 8,552 2,320 280 5,124 8282014 2,410 587 76 1,495 251 9,640 2,348 304 5,980 1,0042015 2,235 436 79 1,476 244 8,940 1,744 316 5,904 9762016 2,131 349 84 1,474 224 8,524 1,396 336 5,896 8962017 2,145 334 84 1,480 247 8,580 1,336 336 5,920 988
Year
Trillion Btu Million cubic feet of wood equivalent
aWood equivalent is estimated using one quadrillian Btus equal to 4 billion cubic feet of wood. Actual wood fuel includes roundwood, bark, mill residue, and black liquor from pulp mills. Source: U.S. Dept. of Energy, Energy Information Administration (77).