U.S. State Department Bureau of Counterterrorism briefing book

U.S. STATE DEPARTMENTBUREAU OF COUNTERTERRORISM

BRIEFING BOOK

Fiscal Year 2013

February 25, 2013

S/CT BRIEFING BOOK

To: Coordinator of Counterterrorism, U.S. State Dept. Bureau of CounterterrorismFrom: Rachel S. Karas, Principal Deputy Coordinator and Acting CoordinatorRe: Agency Briefing Book, U.S. State Dept. Bureau of Counterterrorism

Executive Summary

The State Department’s Bureau of Counterterrorism is a vital part of the U.S. fight against the global terror threat. Working with other bureaus within State, related U.S. government agencies, the National Security staff and others, the Bureau leads the government in conducting counterterrorism diplomacy and security operations worldwide. This book will provide a briefing of the details needed to transition into a leadership position within the Bureau, including program objectives, budget figures and stakeholders.

History and Mission

The Bureau of Counterterrorism was established in January 2012, assuming the responsibilities of the Office of the Coordinator for Counterterrorism within a new bureaucratic infrastructure. It therefore acts as the State Department arm of the government-wide effort to combat terrorism abroad and secure national interests at home. It is also State’s principal liaison on homeland security with the Department of Homeland Security.

“The primary mission of the Bureau of Counterterrorism is to forge partnerships with non-state actors, multilateral organizations, and foreign governments to advance the counterterrorism objectives and national security of the United States.”

The Bureau has five main responsibilities:1. Developing and implementing U.S. counterterrorism strategy, policy and operations2. Counterterrorism diplomacy3. Strengthening homeland security4. Countering violent extremism5. Partner capacity building to deal effectively with terrorism

President Richard Nixon created the original counterterrorism organization, the Office for Combating Terrorism, in 1972. This office became the Office of the Ambassador-at-Large for Counterterrorism in 1985, then the Office of the Coordinator for Counterterrorism in 1989. Congress officially mandated the office in 1994 under Public Law 103-236 [H.R. 2333] in 1994, codifying the Coordinator’s role under Public Law 105-277 [H.R. 4328] in 1998.

The transition was overseen by Ambassador-at-Large Daniel Benjamin during his term as Coordinator of Counterterrorism from 2009 to 2012. Ambassador Jerry P. Lanier succeeded him as Coordinator in December 2012. The Coordinator acts as the principal adviser to the Secretary of State on counterterrorism strategy, policy, operations and programming.

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Strengthening the U.S. government’s counterterrorism infrastructure is a necessary response to the continuing terrorist threat from al-Qaeda and other groups worldwide. Even in a post-9/11 world of CT success, the many challenges we still face are diverse and yet unprecedented. The Bureau utilizes its tools of diplomacy and development in tandem with defense, intelligence, law and homeland security in order to deal effectively with terrorism in the 21st century.

Organizational Structure

The Bureau of Counterterrorism reports to the Office of the Under Secretary for Civilian Security, Democracy and Human Rights, led by Maria Otero.

CT leadership consists of five positions: Coordinator for Counterterrorism

o Principal Deputy Coordinator Deputy Coordinators, each of whom leads a functional directorate

Homeland Security and Multilateral Affairs Operations Regional Affairs and Programs

CT base operations currently include:

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70 U.S. Direct Hire positionso 54 civil serviceo 16 foreign service domestic

30 contract staff positions

For FY2013, the Bureau seeks to increase its staff by 17 percent, which would add 12 civil service positions for a total of 82 USDH employees. The increase serves to facilitate new personnel needs as CT transitions from an office to a bureau, including filling the position of a central contact point with DHS.

Exhibit 1 details the increased personnel in each office dealing with counterterrorism programs overseen by the Bureau (in the “Domestic” column) as well as the amount of money needed to run each office (“Bureau Managed”), money given to employees (“American Salaries”) and total funding per office.

Exhibit 2 shows the breakdown of staff members in the offices of the Bureau leadership. There are no values for FY2011 because the Bureau was not established as such until the following fiscal year and therefore had a different organizational structure.

Exhibit 1

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Adams Gordon, 03/04/13,

What does this mean?

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Exhibit 2

Programming

The Bureau currently oversees 12 programs and initiatives:

Anti-Terrorism Assistance Program (ATA)o ATA is the flagship CT program for providing foreign governments with the

technical assistance, training and equipment to better enable them in their own CT operations. The program addresses the spectrum of CT measures from prevention to response to post-incident action through courses, seminars and consultations on more than 80 CT topics.

o Law enforcement capacity-building courses address: investigations, border security, protection of critical targets, leadership and management, regional coordination and cooperation, critical incident management and cyber security

o Emphasis on rule of law, respect for human rightso Active partnerships with 53 countries – plan for 60 in FY2013o FY2011

394 training courses 8,504 participants 64 countries 17 capabilities-assessment and program-review visits

Countering Violent Extremism (CVE)o Grant program focused on local activities to build CT capacity within

communitieso Used specifically to combat spread of al-Qaeda (AQ)

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Who implements these? DS? Dontractors? DoD?

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1. “Provide positive alternatives to those most at-risk of recruitment into violent extremism; undermine the AQ ideology that glorifies violence”

Tools: interfaith and intercultural tolerance programs, youth sports programs, and skills training; local voices that undercut AQ’s legitimacy; victims of AQ terrorism, former militants, and women and other community leaders

2. “Increase partner capacity (civil society and government) in order to stem terrorist recruiting”

Tools: Develop and implement counter-radicalization plans with partner nations; partners work to de-radicalize imprisoned terrorists and prevent prisons from being breeding grounds of radical ideology and networking

Works with Center for Strategic Counterterrorism Communications (CSCC) on U.S. government’s counter-radicalization PR activities in foreign countries

Counterterrorism Finance (CTF)o Interagency program: State, FDIC, FBI, IRS, DOJ, DHS, Treasuryo Goal: Provide technical assistance and training to foreign governments in order to

improve their capacity to stem the flow of money to terrorist groups Methods

“Build comprehensive and effective legal frameworks and regulatory regimes

Establish active and capable financial investigative units Strengthen the investigative skills of law enforcement entities Bolster prosecutorial and judicial development Sustain designated training and technical assistance programs to

build anti-money laundering and counterterrorist financing capacity”

o More than 30 partner countries worldwide in FY2011

Counterterrorism Preparedness Programo A series of national domestic and international programs to prevent, protect

against, respond to and recover from terrorist attacks that involve weapons of mass destruction

Foreign Emergency Support Team (FEST)o Specialized response team for terrorist attacks worldwide

Interagency, on-call, short-notice Assists and advises U.S. Chief of Mission in crisis assessment Works with U.S. embassies abroad in the affected region to coordinate

U.S. crisis responseso State, DOD, Intelligence Community, FBI, etc. involved as deemed appropriate

Global Counterterrorism Forum (GCTF)

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o Multilateral counterterrorism body comprised of 29 countries + the European Union

o Forum for senior global CT policymakers and experts to collaborate on needs, solutions and resources to address the most pressing CT issues

o Established in September 2011 – an Obama Administration initiativeo Primary focus on capacity building

Increase number of countries capable of dealing with internal terrorist threats

o Launched the International Center of Excellence on Countering Violent Extremism in Abu Dhabi

o GCTF framework documents Algiers Memorandum on Preventing and Denying Benefits of Kidnapping

for Ransom by Terrorists Other good practices documents on criminal justice; prison

rehabilitation/reintegration GCTF Plan of Action on Victims of Terrorism

o $175 million in capacity-building programs Bilateral and multilateral capacity-building initiatives to uphold tenets of

framework documents and act on GCTF strategic priorities

International Security Events Group (ISEG)o Coordinates interagency effort for safe and secure events of international

importance; e.g. the 2012 London Olympics, the 2011 Pan American Games in Mexico, the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa, and the 2010 Vancouver Olympics

o CT oversees operations division; chairs two subcommittees Counterterrorism Crisis Response Subcommittee

Evaluates events in order to plan for deployment of FEST or other U.S. government crisis response

Exercise Planning Subcommittee Develops crisis response actions with U.S. embassies abroad and

host nations for international eventso Led by Bureau of Diplomatic Security’s Major Events Coordination Unit

Regional Strategic Initiative (RSI)o Nine RSI areas

Southeast Asia; Iraq and surrounding countries; eastern Mediterranean; western Mediterranean; East Africa; the Trans-Sahara; South Asia; Central Asia; Latin America

o Used to build regional cooperation to reduce the size of physical safe havens for terrorists along national borders and regions of ineffective governance

Technical Support Working Group (TSWG)o U.S. government-wide technology development for combating terrorism

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Creates products such as tactical ground robots and other remote-controlled items, WMD detection devices, IED removal devices, personnel protection, etc.

o Interagency: CT and DOD are co-chairs, work with Combating Terrorism Technical Support Office; NATO, major non-NATO allies and other friendly nations

Terrorist Screening and Interdiction Programs (TSI)o Initiatives to detect terrorists and secure borders domestically and abroado Broad-scale version of TSA screening, no-fly lists

Bilateral terrorism screening information screening agreements Terrorist Interdiction Program/Personal Identification Secure Comparison

and Evaluation System Limit terrorist mobility across borders and modes of transportation

with personal information and ID methods

Trans-Sahara Counterterrorism Partnership (TSCTP)o Goal: “Enhance the indigenous capacities of governments in the pan-Sahel

(Mauritania, Mali, Chad, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, and Burkina Faso) to confront the challenge posed by terrorist organizations in the trans-Sahara; and to facilitate cooperation between those countries and U.S. partners in the Maghreb (Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia)”

Strengthen CT capabilities and cooperation in foreign nations/regions Promote democracy Discredit terrorist ideology

o Successes: Disrupting operations of AQIM in Mauritania and Mali in 2011o Established in 2005

The Partnership for Regional East African Counterterrorism (PREACT)o Formerly the East Africa Regional Strategic Initiative (EARSI)o East Africa counterpart to the Trans-Sahara Counterterrorism Partnership

(TSCTP)o Established in 2009o Goals: “reducing the operational capacity of terrorist networks, expanding border

security, enhancing and institutionalizing cooperation among the region’s security organizations, improving democratic governance, and discrediting terrorist ideology”

Methods: law enforcement, military and development resourceso 12 partner countries

Budget

Total S/CT request for FY2013 (programs and D&CP expenses): $330.6 million State Department/USAID total budget request for FY2013: $51.6 billion S/CT accounts for 0.6% of State’s total budget request

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Yes, well this one certainly worked…

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Counterterrorism programs government-wide (including those not overseen by S/CT) FY2013 request: $447.933 million

Exhibit 3 shows the past 10 fiscal years of CT budgets as the Office of the Coordinator for Counterterrorism and now the Bureau of Counterterrorism. Trends include:

A general increase in funding from FY2003-2010, followed by a decreasing trend until this year’s requested funds

Significant jumps in the TSI/TIP, CTF, RSI, PREACT and CTE programs as they correspond to administration priorities and in response to terrorist threats worldwide

Lower levels of budget requests for FY2013, but a higher level for TSCTP to counter Islamist extremism in the Maghreb

Some discrepancies exist because of data not made available by the State Department. Future projections are not yet available at this time.

Exhibit 3

Program FY2003 FY2004 FY2005 FY2006 FY2007 FY2008Anti-Terrorism Assistance Program (ATA) 90.638 141.428 134.9 122.265 120.536 128.412Countering Violent Extremism (CVE) - - - - - -Counterterrorism Finance (CTF) - - 7.192 7.425 7.715 6.316Regional Strategic Initiative (RSI) NA NA NA NA NA -Terrorist Screening and Interdiction Programs (TSI/TIP) 5 4.971 4.96 5.445 5.835 18.196Trans-Sahara Counterterrorism Partnership (TSCTP) - - 3 - 13.750 -The Partnership for Regional East African Counterterrorism (PREACT) - - - - - -Technical Support Working Group NA NA NA 1.582*** 1.551*** 3.143***Counterterrorism Engagement (CTE) - - 1.984 0.99 0.989 0.992D&CP Operating Expenses NA NA NA 7.304^^ 7.028^^ 7.625^^Total 95.638 146.399 152.036 145.011 157.404 164.684

FY2009 FY2010 FY2011 FY2012 (estimate)FY2013 (requested)Anti-Terrorism Assistance Program (ATA) 161.3 215 199.691 199.941 166.38Countering Violent Extremism (CVE) - - 15** -** 15Counterterrorism Finance (CTF) 8.5 21 20.45 17 16.1Regional Strategic Initiative (RSI) 5 30.225 23 21.2 18.5Terrorist Screening and Interdiction Programs (TSI/TIP) 10.5 54.5 42.05 42 34.3Trans-Sahara Counterterrorism Partnership (TSCTP) 19 20 19.94^ 22.5^ 44.3The Partnership for Regional East African Counterterrorism (PREACT) 5 10 NA NA 10Technical Support Working Group 1.534*** 1.543*** - - -Counterterrorism Engagement (CTE) 1.2 6 9.5 8 7D&CP Operating Expenses 7.846^^ 10.533^^ 3.207^^ 16.599 19.022Total 219.88 356.725 332.838 284.79 330.60

*Some funding for TSCTP & EARSI/PREACT included in the Shared Security Partnership**NADR only***D&CP only^PKO only^^As OCC under the Office of the SecretaryNA: Not Available-: no data for specified year in budget

Actual $ in millions

FY2013 requests for S/CT programming:

Antiterrorism Assistance - $166.4 milliono Nonproliferation, Antiterrorism, Demining and Related Programs

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What accounts for TSI jump in 2010?

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o Serves 42 state and regional subaccounts

Countering Violent Extremism – $15 milliono $10.5 million from Economic Support Fundo $4.5 million from NADRo The requested funds will support a general continuance of the program objectives.

Partnership for Regional East Africa Counterterrorism – $10 milliono Peacekeeping Operations/International Narcotics Control & Law Enforcemento The FY 2013 requested funds will support: advisory assistance; training and

equipping of counterterrorist military units in East Africa.

Trans-Sahara Counterterrorism Partnership – $44.3 million o $16.1 million from PKOo $3.5 million from ESFo $10.5 million from DAo $10.7 million from NADRo $3.5 million from International Narcotics Control & Law Enforcemento The FY 2013 requested funds will support: advisory assistance; modest

infrastructure improvement; training and equipping of counterterrorist military units in West and North Africa

Terrorist Interdiction Program/Personal Identification, Secure Comparison, & Evaluation System – $34.3 million

o $34.341 million from NADRo Serves State Africa Regional, TSCTP, Afghanistan, Nepal, Pakistan, State

Coordinator for CTo The requested funds: complete the deployment of critical biometrics

enhancements begun in FY 2010 to assist 17 partner nations; supports continued system expansion into nations vulnerable to terrorist travel (such as Iraq, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Yemen, Kenya, and Thailand); allows research, development and testing of technology; keeps PISCES standards in accordance with international norms

Counterterrorism Financing – $16.1 milliono NADR fundso Serves Kenya, Iraq, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Pakistan, the Regional Strategic

Initiative and the State Coordinator for CTo The requested funds are used for anti-money laundering and counterterrorism

finance capacity building aimed at assisting our foreign partners in developing comprehensive and effective legal frameworks and regulatory regimes, active and capable financial investigative units, as well as strengthening the investigative skills of law enforcement entities, bolstering prosecutorial and judicial development and countering bulk cash smuggling.

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Who coordinates; who implements?


Meaning unclear

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Counterterrorism Engagement – $7 milliono NADR fundso Funds also support Global Counterterrorism Forum

Regional Strategic Initiative – $18.5 milliono NADR fundso Program funded by subaccounts, not directo The requested funds will support a general continuance of the program objectives.

D&CP Operational Expenses – $19 milliono The requested funds will support a general continuance of the program objectives.

TSWG, ISEG, FEST, CPP figures are mostly unavailable because they are supported operationally, not financially, by DOS

Performance Objectives

For FY2013, the primary objectives are “building partner capacity to counter terrorism, countering violent extremism, and promoting multilateral engagement to combat terrorism.”i Programs will focus on regional and sub-regional approaches to strengthen global counterterrorism coalitions, with particular emphasis on responding to the specific policy and program proposals of Chiefs of Missions.

Of State’s 7 strategic goals, much of CT’s work falls under SG1, which accounts for 37% of the State budget and focuses on reducing weapons of mass destruction and destabilizing

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Do you know where the financial support comes from?

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conventional weapons; conflict prevention, mitigation and response; counterterrorism; and security cooperation and security sector reform.

Overall, results for FY2011 showed success in many areas of counterterrorism programming but many achieved below their target. For example:

Number of NEA countries with FIUs that meet the standards of the Egmont Group – instrumental in counterterrorism financing – target 13, result 9

Degree of stability in Yemen as measured by combating extremist organizations –FY2011 below target due to inability to effectively disrupt al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula operations

Successful negotiation of bilateral information-sharing agreements under HSPD-6 – used to further TIP program – target 6, result 7

The ATA program performed below target in FY2011 as determined by a lesser number of anti-terrorism trainees than expected.

6.4% short of FY2011 target of training 9,087 foreign law enforcement officials in CT 18 country assessments conducted Target set by adding up maximum number of students able to attend all ATA courses in

each partner nation in one year Discrepancies because of program postponement, delays in funding, etc. Shortage is within range of normal fluctuation

For FY2013, ATA will focus on around 60 partner nations, most notably Mexico, Pakistan, Kenya, Afghanistan, Indonesia, the Philippines and Caribbean. New and improved ATA initiatives in FY2013 include:

ATA port/harbor security training in Jordan, further regional cooperation in police training

Border control training in Mexico as well as equipment to prevent entry of terrorists and other criminals into the U.S.

Counter-explosives and post-blast training in Pakistan for police in the Khyber Pass

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Crisis response and counter-explosives training for Afghanistan Ministry of Interior law enforcement entities

All CT programs use performance-based program reviews and monitoring activities to determine success, with the exception of Countering Violent Extremism, which is judged based on outcome rather than output.

Executive Branch Network

The White Houseo Homeland Securityo National Securityo Office of Management and Budget

Department of Stateo Secretary of Stateo Bureau of Consular Affairso Bureau of Diplomatic Security

Anti-Terrorist Assistance Program Overseas Advisory Council Rewards for Justice Program

Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor Bureau of Economic and Business Affairs Bureau of Intelligence and Research Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs Bureau for International Security and Nonproliferation Bureau of Political-Military Affairs Foreign Service Institute Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs U.S. Mission to the United Nations Department of Defense

o Defense Intelligence Agency Department of the Treasury

o Office of Foreign Assets Control Department of Justice

o Counterterrorism Training and Resources for Law Enforcemento Federal Bureau of Investigation--Counterterrorism

Department of Homeland Securityo Coast Guardo Customs and Border Protection (CBP)o Directorate for Preparednesso Immigration and Customs Enforcemento Policy Directorateo Research and Technology - Centers of Excellenceo Transportation Security Agency (TSA)

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Same for these; what are the connections? This is a Bureau highly dependent on its networks; it has little staff and must rely on others to implement. So this section of the briefing paper needs to be detailed, with specific discussion of what the connections are.


Needs more information; focus on the needs of the policy official. Who does he/she talk to in the White House? What office at OMB?

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o U.S. Secret Service Central Intelligence Agency

o World Fact Book Office of the Director for National Intelligence National Counterterrorism Center Agency for International Development The Center for Strategic Counterterrorism Communications Combating Terrorism Technical Support Office

Congressional Stakeholders

Congress plays a direct role in the success of the Bureau through the numerous individual members, committees and subcommittees with interests and oversight in regards to counterterrorism. Most notable are these main bodies before which the Bureau has testified over the past year.

House Committee on Foreign Affairso Affects the Bureau by providing legislative support for the foreign policy

objectives of America’s counterterrorism effortso Chairman: Rep. Edward R. Royce (R-CA)

Rep. Royce is serving his 11th term in Congress and has served as Chairman of the Subcommittee on Terrorism, Nonproliferation, and Trade and a member of the Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific. Royce has been instrumental in addressing the threat of al-Qaeda: among the TNT Subcommittee's main focuses were Islamist terrorism, terrorist ideology, financing, sanctuaries and operations in failed states, as well as building foreign forces’ capacity to fight terrorism. Royce is also a founding member and co-chairman of the Congressional Anti-Terror Finance Task Force, which works to strengthen efforts to stop the funding of terrorism.

o Ranking Member: Eliot L. Engel (D-NY) House Armed Services Committee

o Affects the Bureau as the legislative backers of the DOD, which DOS and CT work with to supplement the military in counterterrorism operations

o Chairman: Rep. Buck McKeon (R-CA) As chairman, McKeon oversees national security policy, military

resources, and military operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. McKeon represents a district with many military stakeholders, including Fort Irwin, Edwards Air Force Base, Naval Air Weapons Station China Lake, the Marine Mountain Warfare Training Center, the Marine Corps Logistics Base Barstow, the Air Force’s Research Laboratory Propulsion Directorate and Air Force Plant 42. He is particularly involved in working with military contractors to provide support and assistance to national defense operations abroad.

o Vice Chairman: Rep. Mac Thornberry (R-TX)

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Authorizers. Which subcommittee? And whose is it?


Full committee chair and ranking need to be named.

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o Ranking Member: Rep. Adam Smith (D-WA) House Oversight and Government Reform Committee

o Chairman: Rep. Darrell E. Issa (R-CA)o Ranking Member: Rep. Elijah Cummings (D-MD)o National Security Subcommittee

Chairman: Rep. Jason Chaffetz (R-UT) Rep. Chaffetz serves on multiple subcommittees dedicated to

national security, including the Homeland Security Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protection, and Security Technologies and Subcommittee on Counterterrorism and Intelligence; and the Judiciary Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security. As chairman, Chaffetz focuses on fighting waste, fraud, and abuse within the Department of Defense, Department of Homeland Security, and Department of State. He believes in prioritizing defense spending in the federal budget, but has a varied voting record on DOD and DHS appropriations acts.

House Committee on Homeland Security Chairman: Rep. Michael McCaul (R-TX)

As chairman, McCaul’s priorities include the al Qaeda-Hezbollah terrorist threat, border security, cyber security, ensuring DHS carries out its core mission of protecting the homeland, and securing U.S. airports. McCaul has served as Chairman of the Oversight, Investigations and Management Subcommittee, overseeing all DHS operations; Chief of Counter-Terrorism and National Security in the U.S. Attorney’s office of the Western District of Texas; and led the Joint Terrorism Task Force. He is a leader in cyber security policy, co-chairing presidential commissions and authoring legislation on the subject.

Ranking Member: Rep. Bennie G. Thompson (D-MS) House Appropriations Committee

o Chairman: Rep. Harold Rogers (R-KY) Rogers has served on Appropriations for 27 years, including eight

subcommittees. Rogers led the Subcommittee on Homeland Security when it was established in 2003. He has prioritized combating illegal immigration, illicit trade, airport security and securing our borders against terrorists.

Ranking Member: Rep. Nita Lowey (D-NY)o Defense Subcommittee

Chairman: Rep. C.W. Bill Young (R-FL)o Homeland Security Subcommittee

Chairman: Rep. John Carter (R-TX)o State, Foreign Operations and Related Programs Subcommittee

Chairwoman: Rep. Kay Granger (R-TX) Senate Committee on Foreign Relations

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Rankings for these?


Ranking is?

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o Chairman: Sen. Robert Menendez (D-NJ) Sen. Menendez has taken a leading role in national security legislation

since the September 11, 2001 attacks, reforming American intelligence, security and public health systems. He has a consistent record of voting to provide troops with equipment, medical care and education benefits, and favors a defensive foreign policy that sends military members to war only when necessary. He is currently focusing on securing American borders and infrastructure through legislation for U.S. ports and bus, rail and public transit systems.

o Ranking Member: Sen. Bob Corker (R-TN) Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs

o Chairman: Sen. Thomas R. Carper (D-DE) Sen. Carper’s focus as chairman centers on five main areas: enhancing

our nation's security at home and abroad, securing our nation's borders and ports of entry, protecting our country from cyber attacks, reducing wasteful and fraudulent spending and improving the effectiveness of government programs. He spent five terms in the U.S. House of Representatives and has served in the Senate since 2001, earning himself a reputation as a results-oriented, non-partisan leader able to work effectively with both sides of the aisle.

o Ranking Member: Sen. Tom Coburn (R-OK)

Societal Stakeholders

The Bureau of Counterterrorism works with a number of international and domestic committees, organizations and task forces to implement U.S. foreign policy worldwide. Many are policy and planning-driven; others are operational in nature. These include but are not limited to:

The Global Counterterrorism Forum Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)

o Counter-Terrorism Task Force (APEC/CTTF) Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Association of Southeast Asian Nations Regional Forum (ARF) North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)

o Action Against Anti-Terrorism Unit (OSCE/ATU) Organization of American States (OAS)

o Inter-American Committee Against Terrorism (OAS/CICTE) United Nations (UN)

o Committees and entities related to Terrorism The Counter-Terrorism Implementation Task Force (CTITF) The Counter-Terrorism Committee (CTC) The Counter-Terrorism Committee Executive Directorate The UN Office on Drugs and Crime/Terrorism Prevention Branch (UNODC/TPB) The UN Security Council 1267 Committee

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With whom here? In general; you need to describe the connections; a few are listed, but how and when and where CT works with them needs a brief mention.

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The UN Security Council 1540 Committee

All foreign governments, particularly those countries where the U.S. holds counterterrorism operations, are inherently stakeholders in the Bureau’s funding and programming. The bulk of these governments are located in the Middle East, Africa and Central and Southeast Asia.

As the State Department itself has little operational capacity, CT relies on contractors to execute much of its programming. These include but are not limited to providers of:

Equipmento Lockheed Martin, Northrup Grumman, etc.o Drone manufacturers

The institutionalization of the drone program is becoming more essential to U.S. counterterrorism operations. Manufacturers are one of the biggest stakeholders in S/CT budgeting and operations.

o Body equipment/armor manufacturerso Tactical ground robots and other remote-controlled itemso WMD detection deviceso IED removal devices

Securityo Security personnel for programming worldwide

Trainingo Law enforcement training personnel for work in partner countrieso CT experts for ATA programs in partner countries

Technologyo Anti-hacking programming and personnelo Intelligence-gathering software and personnelo Face recognition softwareo ID verification software

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What contractors? For this and below.


Good; you need to mention this up front in the book, as the policy official will need to know he/she has not many horses at home and the network is everything if they want to be effective.

S/CT BRIEFING BOOK

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Representatives, n.d. Web. 28 Feb. 2013.45. Rep. Edward R. Royce. "U.S. Congressman Ed Royce: 40th District of California." Congressman Ed Royce. U.S.

House of Representatives, n.d. Web. 28 Feb. 2013.46. Rep. Jason Chaffetz. "Congressman Jason Chaffetz." Congressman Jason Chaffetz. U.S. House of Representatives,

n.d. Web. 28 Feb. 2013.47. "About Us." U.S. Department of State Archive. Office of the Coordinator for Counterterrorism, n.d. Web. 28 Feb.

2013.

Some great data here; especially good on the budget – well done. The network information is less strong. CT is an office that only lives through its network – other agencies, contractors, international organizations. In briefing the policy official, it will be important to have a book that underlines the systemic, networked character of this office. But you really dug into what they do and the budget info.

BRIEFING BOOK GRADE: A-

Documents

U.S. State Department Bureau of Counterterrorism briefing book