U.S. History IU.S. History ITopic 11Topic 11

““America Comes of Age”America Comes of Age”Clockwise from left: Tenement, Children in Poverty,Clockwise from left: Tenement, Children in Poverty,

Industrial Pollution, Worker Unrest, Political Corruption, &Industrial Pollution, Worker Unrest, Political Corruption, &

Worker ConditionsWorker Conditions

Chapter 8 Section1Chapter 8 Section1

“ “Progressives Drive Reform”Progressives Drive Reform”3.2-3.53.2-3.5

Topic 11.1Topic 11.1

Origins of ProgressivismOrigins of Progressivism

Many felt that Industrialization and Many felt that Industrialization and Urbanization caused social and Urbanization caused social and political problems.political problems.

““Progress”ives: wanted to fix the Progress”ives: wanted to fix the “ills” of society“ills” of society

What is step in one in ALL 12-Step What is step in one in ALL 12-Step programs (AA…etc)?programs (AA…etc)?

http://dig.lib.niu.edu/gildedage/ (Illinois During the Gilded Age)(Illinois During the Gilded Age)

Muckrakers “Reveal” the Need for Muckrakers “Reveal” the Need for ReformReform

What is “Muck”?What is “Muck”? What is a Rake?What is a Rake? Muckraker:Muckraker: Writer’s who Writer’s who

“exposed” America’s “dirt” “exposed” America’s “dirt” (Problems)(Problems)

Lincoln SteffensLincoln Steffens: : The The Shame of the CitiesShame of the Cities--Exposed Political Exposed Political Corruption (Top Right)Corruption (Top Right)

Jacob RiisJacob Riis: : How The Other How The Other Half LivHalf Lives-Exposed es-Exposed Immigrant ConditionsImmigrant Conditions

Ida TarbellIda Tarbell: : The History of The History of Standard OilStandard Oil-Criticized -Criticized Rockefeller and Standard Rockefeller and Standard Oil Monopoly (Top Left)Oil Monopoly (Top Left)

Upton SinclairUpton Sinclair: : The JungleThe Jungle- - Criticized meat industry Criticized meat industry (Bottom Right)(Bottom Right)

Progressives Reform SocietyProgressives Reform Society Walter RauschenbuschWalter Rauschenbusch: :

Christianity and the Christianity and the Social CrisisSocial Crisis- America - America needed to follow The needed to follow The Holy Bible to “fix” Holy Bible to “fix” society society (Social Gospel)(Social Gospel) “Revive” Society“Revive” Society

*many protestant *many protestant leaders followed the leaders followed the Social Gospel (Child Social Gospel (Child Labor/Shorter Labor/Shorter Workweek)Workweek)

Jane AddamsJane Addams: 1889: : 1889: Opened “Hull-House” in Opened “Hull-House” in Chicago: “Settlement Chicago: “Settlement House” to aid urban House” to aid urban poor (Women/Children)poor (Women/Children)

Have you ever the story Have you ever the story of Rosemary’s Baby?of Rosemary’s Baby?

Hull House-Boo!Hull House-Boo!

What purposeWhat purpose would “devil baby”would “devil baby”

legend serve?legend serve?

Hint: Think aboutHint: Think about

Social gospelSocial gospel

Protecting Children and Industrial Protecting Children and Industrial WorkersWorkers

1902: National Child Labor Committee1902: National Child Labor Committee 1912: 1912: U.S. Children’s BureauU.S. Children’s Bureau: Looked out : Looked out

for Health and Welfare of Childrenfor Health and Welfare of Children John DeweyJohn Dewey: Wanted children to think : Wanted children to think

“critically” and not just memorize facts“critically” and not just memorize facts Triangle Shirtwaste CompanyTriangle Shirtwaste Company: 1911 146 : 1911 146

Workers killed in fireWorkers killed in fire *Led to workplace safety laws*Led to workplace safety laws *many states also limited workday to 10 *many states also limited workday to 10

hourshours 1905: Lochner v. U.S.1905: Lochner v. U.S.: Ruled law : Ruled law

“unconstitutional” “Right to work case”“unconstitutional” “Right to work case”

Reforming GovernmentReforming Government

1900: Galveston, TX1900: Galveston, TX Hurricane killed 8,000 Hurricane killed 8,000

People (Largest People (Largest Natural Disaster in Natural Disaster in U.S. History)U.S. History)

Led to change from Led to change from Mayor to Mayor to “Commission” system “Commission” system of power (5 member of power (5 member commission board)commission board)

““Laboratory of Democracy”Laboratory of Democracy” Robert La FolletteRobert La Follette: Gov. of : Gov. of

WisconsinWisconsin Direct PrimaryDirect Primary: Citizens : Citizens

vote for “nominee” that can vote for “nominee” that can run in electionrun in election

InitiativeInitiative: Citizens can use a : Citizens can use a petition to put issue on a petition to put issue on a ballotballot

ReferendumReferendum: Citizens can : Citizens can approve or reject laws on approve or reject laws on ballotballot

RecallRecall: Power to remove : Power to remove elected official before their elected official before their term endedterm ended

*17*17thth Amendment Amendment: Direct : Direct Election of SenatorsElection of Senators

U.S. History IU.S. History I

Topic 11.2Topic 11.2

““Women Gain Rights”Women Gain Rights”3.2-3.53.2-3.5

Clockwise from to left: Temperance/Prohibition Cartoon,Clockwise from to left: Temperance/Prohibition Cartoon,

Women’s Suffrage, Ida B. Wells Anti-lynching, Alice PaulWomen’s Suffrage, Ida B. Wells Anti-lynching, Alice Paul

And Women’s SuffrageAnd Women’s Suffrage

Women Make ProgressWomen Make Progress Women denied many opportunities Women denied many opportunities Florence KelleyFlorence Kelley: Disliked overpriced goods: Disliked overpriced goods National Consumers LeagueNational Consumers League: Favored : Favored

Gov’t regulation of businessGov’t regulation of business Temperance MovementTemperance Movement: Wanted to : Wanted to

ban alcohol (18ban alcohol (18thth Amendment) Amendment) Frances Frances WillardWillard

Margaret SangerMargaret Sanger: Thought that having : Thought that having “too many” children was harming “too many” children was harming women’s healthwomen’s health

Ida B. WellsIda B. Wells: National Assoc. of : National Assoc. of Colored Women (NACW)Colored Women (NACW)

Women Fight for the Right to VoteWomen Fight for the Right to Vote SuffrageSuffrage: Right to vote: Right to vote Carrie Chapman Catt Carrie Chapman Catt

(Bottom Left) (Bottom Left) National National American Woman American Woman Suffrage Assoc. Suffrage Assoc. (NAWSA)(NAWSA)

Alice PaulAlice Paul: National : National Woman’s Party (NWP): Woman’s Party (NWP): More More radical radical groupgroup

Nineteenth Nineteenth AmendmentAmendment: 1920: : 1920: Women’s SuffrageWomen’s Suffrage

Women against SuffrageWomen against Suffrage ““National Assoc. National Assoc.

Opposed to Women’s Opposed to Women’s Suffrage”Suffrage”

-Believed that voting -Believed that voting would take women’s would take women’s attention away from attention away from familyfamily

Muller v. OregonMuller v. Oregon: : Woman work hours Woman work hours could be limited could be limited (10/Day) because long (10/Day) because long hours would harm their hours would harm their familiesfamilies

*Progressive victory that *Progressive victory that was used by business to was used by business to pay women less than pay women less than men for same workmen for same work