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U.S. Department of the InteriorU.S. Geological Survey
Norman B. Bliss, ASRC Federal InuTeqContractor to the USGS 6/4/2015
A continental view of soil properties:A continental view of soil properties:Linking scales from 1 cm to 4,000 kmLinking scales from 1 cm to 4,000 km
Outline
Soil Geographic Databases in the USA SSURGO: detailed mapping (e.g., 1:24,000 scale) STATSGO : general mapping (e.g., 1:250,000 scale)
Data structure Example maps Future work
Soil Geographic Data Bases in USA
Origin: SSURGO and STATSGO National Cooperative Soil Survey Federal, State, University Coordinated by Natural Resources Conservation
Service (NRCS)
Distribution Vector data, web mapping services gSSURGO: raster data at 10 meter resolution Attribute data: hierarchy of related tables
Data structure (SSURGO) chorizon: soil profile horizons (3 million) component: attributes not delineated (1 million) mapunit: delineate (300,000) Spatial data: digitized maps (10 m resolution)
Approach
Use hierarchical data structure to query attributes and make raster maps
Fill missing data in SSURGO with data from the General Soil Map (STATSGO2)
Deliver as 30 meter rasters
Recent work
Rock percentages, Sand, silt, clay percentages Hydrologic group Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Available Water Capacity & Available Water Storage Soil organic carbon Erosion factor (kffact) Drainage class Hydric soils Depth of soil, depth to bedrock, to water table Flooding frequency Calcium Carbonate, pH, cation exchange capacity
Results: Rock percentage Raster datasets for 6 depth zones (SSURGO only):
0-5, 5-20, 20-50, 50-100, 100-150, greater than 150cm Rock percentage: 0-5 cm and 100-150 cm
Results: Sand percentage Raster datasets for 6 depth zones (SSURGO filled):
0-5, 5-20, 20-50, 50-100, 100-150, greater than 150cm Sand percentage: 0-5 cm and 100-150 cm
Results: Silt percentage Silt percentage: 0-5 cm and 100-150 cm
Results: Clay percentage Clay percentage: 0-5 cm and 100-150 cm
Results: Hydrologic group (infiltration)
Dominant condition and percentages of individual classes (as appropriate):
Hydrologic group: Dominant condition, Group A %
Results: Ksat Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity
0-5 cm and 100-150 cm
Results: Available Water Storage (mm)
Raster datasets for 6 depth zones (as appropriate): 0-5, 5-20, 20-50, 50-100, 100-150, greater than 150cm
Available Water Storage: 0-5 cm and 20-50 cm
Results: Soil organic carbon (kgC m-2) Soil organic carbon : 0-5 cm and 100-150 cm
Results: spatial metadata Metadata rastersMetadata rasters
Left: percentage area with components contributing to the dominant condition hydrologic group
Right: status map: pixels filled with STATSGO2 (blue)
Impact of results
EPA will incorporate into the EnviroAtlas A state-of-the-art map viewing and analysis tool
Data are model-ready Hydrologic models Carbon cycle models Climate change drivers Climate change impacts Modelers want defined depth zones
Future work
Digital soil mapping: link pedon data to maps Data structure to support results of this conference Make use of legacy soil data: SSURGO & STATSGO Use Landsat and other images GlobalSoilMap.net
New topographic derivativesNew topographic derivatives Multi-scale view of a landscape Large features precisely defined Slope and slope length simultaneously Floodplain delineation
Acknowledgments
US Geological Survey: Climate and Land Use Change Program
US Environmental Protection Agency: EnviroAtlas
US Department of Agriculture: Natural Resources Conservation Service
Thank you
