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Urban Watershed Monitoring – One Decade after Management Plan Implementation
Brian Boyer, P.E.
Environmental Engineering Manager
Kieser & Associates, LLC
536 E. Michigan Ave., Suite 300
Kalamazoo, MI 49007
(269) 344-7117
Over 20 Years of Excellence in Environmental Science & Engineering www.kieser-associates.com
Project Setting
Kalamazoo River Watershed
2,020 sq. miles
MICHIGAN Portage &
Arcadia Creek
Subwatershed
SCALE (MILES)
0 10 15 5
Lake Allegan
WMU
Project Setting
Portage & Arcadia (P/A) Creek subwatershed
(36,000-acres)
Stormwater Concerns
Phosphorus TMDL (2001)
50% load reduction requirement
Highly urbanized P/A
subwatershed
Stakeholders:
City of Kalamazoo
City of Portage
Western Michigan University
Others
2002-03 & 2013-14 Monitoring
Goals & Objectives: Compare creek monitoring data
before/after 10 years of WMP implementation
Methods: Automated sampling
Creek mouths
BMPs
Stream stations
Wet event sampling
Dry event sampling
Parameters: Rainfall, flow
TP, TSS
Temp, D.O., pH, Conductivity, ORP
• 15 BMPs since 1998 • 468.8 acres treated
including BTR (blue areas)
• 59.8% of campus
BTR Park
Off-Campus Contributing Areas
Campus SW Control Areas
2011 WMU TMDL Compliance
TMDL Goal 382 lbs/yr
1998 TMDL Baseline
764 lbs/yr
On-Campus Controls only
On-Campus and Off-Campus Controls
(i.e., offsets)
Off-Campus controls financially supported by WMU
2003-2013 Kalamazoo SCMs
Stormwater Control Measure (SCM)
Kalamazoo
Portage
Data Analyses
Methods
Flow and rainfall evaluation
Flow duration curves and/or flow reduction
Calculate loading (flow + sample results)
Quantify current EMCs
Compare/contrast past and present data
Portage ISCO Sampling
Wet Weather Event Summary
April 2013 - April 2014
Event YR Date Total
Rainfall
Total Runoff
Volume TP Load TSS Load TP EMC TSS EMC Peak Flows
(inches) (ft3) (lbs) (tons) (mg/L) (mg/L) (cfs)
1
2013
Apr 11 0.66 3,859,128 31.8 5.9 0.132 48.6 244
2 Apr 17-18 0.61 1,575,620 17.3 3.4 0.176 68.7 298
3 Apr 18-19 1.08 7,901,248 42.9 7.5 0.087 30.5 510
4 May 21 0.52 1,710,069 30.2 5.1 0.283 95.0 288
5 May 22-23 0.53 4,896,263 21.6 7.8 0.071 51.1 447
6 Jun 19-20 0.35 1,539,714 16.9 2.3 0.176 47.4 241
7 Jul 4 0.24 2,510,278 11.7 1.4 0.075 17.8 62
8 Aug 31-3 1.71 22,109,656 188.4 79.5 0.137 115.2 234
9
2014
Feb 20-21 0.36 5,916,761 60.2 19.5 0.163 105.5 149
10 Mar 11-12 0.08 2,827,453 30.4 9.0 0.172 101.8 75
11 Mar 19-20 0.33 11,667,829 217.4 20.6 0.298 56.4 136
12 Apr 3-4 0.46 19,306,324 139.9 47.9 0.116 79.6 302
Slide Title
Slide Title
Portage Creek Analysis
Portage Creek Analysis
Portage Creek Analysis
Portage Creek EMCs
Arcadia ISCO Sampling
Wet Weather Event Summary
April 2013 - April 2014
Event YR Date Total
Rainfall
Total Runoff
Volume TP Load TSS Load TP EMC TSS EMC Peak Flows
(inches) (ft3) (lbs) (tons) (mg/L) (mg/L) (cfs)
1
2013
Apr 18-19 1.13 581,015 4.8 1.1 0.131 59.7 49
2 May 23 0.72 381,013 2.5 1.1 0.105 89.6 55
3 Jul 28 0.28 32,919 0.2 0.03 0.110 33.6 4
4 Aug 7 1.41 459,389 9.3 1.9 0.323 134.7 78
5 Oct 4 0.48 78,108 0.5 0.2 0.104 64.1 1
6 Oct 31 1.63 388,130 7.9 0.7 0.326 56.4 46
7
2014
Mar 19-20 0.33 224,579 5.1 0.2 0.363 24.3 8
8 Apr 3-4 0.59 2,567,738 18.6 3.6 0.116 44.7 44
9* May 14-15 0.9 233,470 4.9 0.9 0.339 122.2 9
10* Jun 2 0.89 288,117 9.1 2.0 0.895 385.8 74
11 Jun 10-11 0.37 136,743 1.1 0.1 0.128 28.7 6
* Events 9 & 10 influenced by Arcadia Festival Site pond dredging May 2014
Slide Title
Slide Title
Slide Title
Arcadia Creek EMCs
Results & Findings
Measuring Success
Comparison of 2002-03 to 2013-14 results
Progress toward TMDL goals
Portage Creek
2002 – 2014 EMC Summary
Average EMC’s Average EMC’s
TP TSS TP TSS
mg/L mg/L % decrease % decrease
0.157 68.1 32% 15%
Arcadia Creek
2002 – 2014 EMC Summary
Average EMC’s Average EMC’s
TP TSS TP TSS
mg/L mg/L % decrease % decrease
0.267 94.9 35% 31%
Summary
Monitoring confirmed BMP calculation benefits
Substantial benefits following 10-yrs BMP
implementation TP & TSS EMC decreases
Reduced peak flows
Moderated average wet weather flows
Reduced flooding
BMPs NOT needed everywhere…rather strategic
placement
Special Thanks
PROJECT PARTNERS The FORUM of Greater Kalamazoo Western Michigan University City of Kalamazoo WWTP City of Allegan WWTP Kieser & Associates, LLC MDEQ
Parting Thoughts
Check your data!
Over 20 Years of Excellence in Environmental Science & Engineering www.kieser-associates.com
Questions?
Brian Boyer, P.E.
Environmental Engineering Manager Kieser & Associates, LLC