Ural (Ural (УралУрал) ) -- Dnepr (Dnepr (ДнепрДнепр))Russian MotorcycleRussian Motorcycle

Part 1: Plungers, SwingPart 1: Plungers, Swing--Arms Arms and Torsion Bars for Heavy and Torsion Bars for Heavy Russian Motorcycles with Russian Motorcycles with

SidecarsSidecars(Also See Part 2: Rear(Also See Part 2: Rear--Wheel SwingWheel Swing--Arms, Part 3: Sidecar SwingArms, Part 3: Sidecar Swing--Arms, Arms,

Part 4: SwingPart 4: Swing--Arm Components and Part 5: Repair of SwingArm Components and Part 5: Repair of Swing--Arms)Arms)

Ernie FrankeErnie Frankeeeafranke@tampabay.rr.comafranke@tampabay.rr.com

2 / 20132 / 2013

SwingSwing--Arms and Torsion Bars Arms and Torsion Bars for Heavy Russian Motorcycles with Sidecarsfor Heavy Russian Motorcycles with Sidecars

•Heavy Russian Motorcycle Rear-Wheel Swing-Arm Suspension–Historical Evolution of Rear-Wheel Suspension–Rear-Wheel Plunger Suspension–Rear-Wheel Swing-Arm Suspension•One-Wheel Drive (1WD)

– Rear-Drive Swing-Arm• Two-Wheel Drive (2WD)

– Rear-Drive Swing-Arm–Not Covered: Front-Wheel Suspension Torsion Bar

•Sidecar Frames and Suspension Systems–Historical Evolution of Sidecar Suspension–Sidecar Rubber Bumper and Leaf-Spring Suspension –Sidecar Torsion Bar Suspension–Sidecar Swing-Arm Suspension

•Recent Advances in Ural Suspension Systems–2006: Nylock Nuts Used to Secure Final Drive to Swing-Arm –2007: Bottom-Out Travel Limiter on Sidecar Swing-Arm–2008: Ball Bearings Replace Silent-Block Bushings in Both Front and Rear Swing-Arms

TransTrans--Literated TermsLiterated Terms•• Cornet: Splined HubCornet: Splined Hub•• Journal: ShaftJournal: Shaft•• Stroller, Pram: SidecarStroller, Pram: Sidecar•• Rocker Arm: Between Sidecar Rocker Arm: Between Sidecar

Wheel Axle and Torsion BarWheel Axle and Torsion Bar•• SwingSwing--ArmArm•• Torsion Bar (Rod)Torsion Bar (Rod)•• Sway Bar: Mounting RodSway Bar: Mounting Rod•• Suspension Lever: SwingSuspension Lever: Swing--ArmArm•• Swing Fork: SwingSwing Fork: Swing--ArmArm

Heavy Russian motorcycle suspension started with the plunger (coiled spring) rear-wheel suspension on the M-72. This was replaced with the

swing-arm (pendulum) and dual hydraulic shock absorbers on the K-750. Similarly the sidecar suspension was upgraded from the spring-leaf

to rubber isolators and a swing-arm approach in the M-72M.

Not Covered:Not Covered: FrontFront--Wheel Torsion BarWheel Torsion Bar

History of RearHistory of Rear--Wheel and Sidecar Wheel SuspensionWheel and Sidecar Wheel Suspension•Rear-Wheel Suspension–Original M-72 Suspension•Plunger (Coiled-Spring) Rear-Wheel Suspension•Ural’s M-61 and M-62 Also Used Plunger Suspension System

–Upgrades to Rear-Wheel Suspension• In 1958/9 Dnepr (KMZ) Introduced K-750, New Frame with Pendulum (Swing-Arm) Rear-Wheel Suspension and Coil-Spring Shock Absorbers • In 1965 Ural (IMZ) Introduced M-63 (Ural-2), M-66, M-67 and 8-103.10 which Transitioned from So-Called Candle-Frame of M-72/M-61/M-62 to New Bike Frame with Swing-Arm, Pendulum Rear-Wheel Suspension and Hydraulic Shock Absorbers

•Sidecar-Wheel Suspension–Original M-72 Sidecar Suspension•Steel Leaf Springs•Until 1947, IMZ Did Not Let Sidecar Design Out of Gorky Plant•Later Ural and Dnepr Used Swing-Arm Suspension and Rubber Blocks, Replacing Leaf-Springs

–In 1955 Ural (IMZ) Introduced M-72M with Sidecar-Wheel Torsion Bar Suspension•Retained Steel Leaf-Springs•Torsion Bar Mounted in Rear Cross-Member of Sidecar Frame•M-72M, M-61, M-62 Had Torsion Bar on Sidecar•Chinese-Built CJ750 (copy of M-72M) Has Torsion Bar Suspension–Has Both Leaf-Springs and Torsion Bar

–In 1968/70 Ural (IMZ) Introduced M-63 (Ural-2), which Transitioned from Steel Leaf-Springs of M-72/M-61/M-62 to New Sidecar Frame with Swing-Arm, Pendulum Sidecar-Wheel Suspension and Hydraulic Shock Absorbers

TimeTime--Line of Plungers, SwingLine of Plungers, Swing--Arms and Torsion BarsArms and Torsion Bars

Heavy Russian motorcycle production began with the plunger rear-wheel and spring-leaf sidecar suspension. Demands for operation on

rough roads gave rise to swing-arms on both the rear-wheel and sidecar-wheel.

1940 19701950 196019551945 1965 1975

SaharaSahara

1975 20051985 199519901980 2000 2010

TaigaTaiga

WjugaWjuga

PustinjaPustinja

RavenRavenBasicBasic

Ural Ural ““PatrolPatrol””(non(non--Diff 2WD)Diff 2WD)

Ural Limited Editions

Ural Limited Editions

(non(non--Diff 2

WD)

Diff 2WD)

Ural Ural ““GearGear--UpUp””(non(non--Diff 2WD)Diff 2WD)

Ural Ural ““PatrolPatrol--TT””(non(non--Diff 2WD)Diff 2WD)

DneprDneprMBMB--650M650MDneprDnepr

MBMB--650650

DneprDneprMBMB--750M750M

Ural MUral M--63, M63, M--66, M66, M--67 67 Production,Production,

SwingSwing--Arm RearArm Rear--Wheel and Wheel and Hydraulic ShocksHydraulic Shocks

Ural 650cc Production,Ural 650cc Production,SwingSwing--Arm RearArm Rear--Wheel and Wheel and

Hydraulic ShocksHydraulic Shocks

Dnepr MBDnepr MB--750750Mother of All Mother of All

Russian Sidecars: MRussian Sidecars: M--72 Production72 Production

MM--72 Minor Redesigned and 72 Minor Redesigned and Issued as MIssued as M--72M,72M,

Torsion Bar Added to SidecarTorsion Bar Added to SidecarUral Introduced SwingUral Introduced Swing--Arm Arm

RearRear--Wheel with MWheel with M--6363

Ural MUral M--61, M61, M--62 Production62 ProductionPlunger RearPlunger Rear--Wheel,Wheel,

Torsion Bar on SidecarTorsion Bar on Sidecar

Ural MUral M--63, M63, M--66, M66, M--67 67 Production,Production,

SwingSwing--Arm RearArm Rear--Wheel and Wheel and Hydraulic ShocksHydraulic Shocks

DneprDneprMBMB--750M750M

Dnepr Introduced SwingDnepr Introduced Swing--Arm Arm RearRear--Wheel with KWheel with K--750750

Dnepr MBDnepr MB--650650

Ural Ural ““SportsmanSportsman””

DneprDneprMTMT--12

DneprDneprMTMT--11, MT11, MT--1612 16

Ural (Ural (УралУрал) / Dnepr () / Dnepr (ДнепрДнепр)) Sidecar Drive Train and Rear SuspensionSidecar Drive Train and Rear Suspension

NoneNoneNoneNoneNoneNoneNoneNone

7220227(None Later)

722022772202277220227NoneNone

SidecarSidecarTorsion BarTorsion Bar

IMZ-8.103-20019-20IMZ-8.103-09081Swing-ArmStraight Final Drive (1WD)1984-20028.103 Series “650” 1WD

IMZ-8.1037-20019-01IMZ-8.103-09081Swing-ArmStraight Final Drive (1WD)2003-Present“750”Series 1WDSwing-Arm

Swing-Arm

Swing-ArmSwing-ArmSwing-ArmSwing-Arm

Swing-ArmPlungerPlungerPlungerPlungerPlunger

RearRear--WheelWheelSuspensionSuspension

IMZ-8.107-09081

IMZ-8.107-09081

IMZ-8.107-090816309080-Б6309080-Б6309080-Б

6309080-БNone (Plunger)None (Plunger)None (Plunger)None (Plunger)None (Plunger)

RearRear--WheelWheelSwingSwing--ArmArm

IMZ-8.107-20019-01

IMZ-8.107-20019-6Б

IMZ-8.103-20019-20

632002063200206320020

None(6320020 Later)

NoneNoneNoneNoneNone

Sidecar Sidecar SwingSwing--ArmArm

1WD with Engagable 2WD (No Diff)

1WD with Engagable 2WD (No Diff)

2WD with non-Locking DifferentialStraight Final Drive (1WD)Straight Final Drive (1WD)Straight Final Drive (1WD)

Straight Final Drive (1WD)Straight Final Drive (1WD)Straight Final Drive (1WD)Straight Final Drive (1WD)Straight Final Drive (1WD)Straight Final Drive (1WD)

Drive TrainDrive Train

1995-1998Sportsman IMZ 8.107

2003-Present

1999-2002

1976-19831974-19761971-1973

1965-19711961-19651958-19611956-19601952-19581941-1950

ProductionProduction

M-72M-72KM-72M

M-67 (IMZ-8.101)M-67.36

8.103 Series “650” 2WD

“750”Series 2WD

M-66 (Ural-3)

M-63 (Ural-2)M-62 (Ural-1)

M-61

Ural (Ural (УралУрал) Model) Model

NoneNoneNoneNoneNoneNoneNoneNoneNoneNoneNone72202277220227NoneNone

SidecarSidecarTorsion BarTorsion Bar

Swing-ArmSwing-ArmSwing-ArmSwing-ArmSwing-ArmSwing-ArmSwing-ArmSwing-ArmSwing-ArmSwing-ArmSwing-ArmSwing-ArmSwing-ArmPlungerPlunger

Rear Rear SuspensionSuspension

ВП09800650092006500920065009200ВП09800ВП098006500920065009200ВП09800ВП09800ВП0980053092005309200None (Plunger)None (Plunger)

Rear Rear SwingSwing--ArmArm

ВП50510КМЗ-8.15720200650202-8Б650202-8БВП50510ВП50510650202-8Б650202-8БВП50510ВП50510ВП50510650202-Б650202-БNoneNone

Sidecar Sidecar SwingSwing--ArmArm

2WD with Non-Locking DifferentialStraight Final Drive (1WD)Straight Final Drive (1WD)Straight Final Drive (1WD)2WD with Non-Locking Differential2WD with Locking Differential Straight Final Drive (1WD)Straight Final Drive (1WD)2WD with Locking (Engagable) Diff2WD with Locking (Engagable) Diff2WD with Non-Locking DifferentialStraight Final Drive (1WD)Straight Final Drive (1WD)Straight Final Drive (1WD)Straight Final Drive (1WD)

Drive ChainDrive Chain

1985-1991MB-650M

1985-20051984-20051976-19841973-1976

1968-19841971-19761967-19711973-19771964-19731974-19821963-19771959-19631956-19601951-1956

ProductionProduction

MT-12 (Dnepr-12)

MB-650K-650/MT-9K-650/MT-8

MT-10MT-10.36

MT-16 (Dnepr-16)MT-11 (Dnepr-11)

MB-750MMB-750

K-750K-750M

M-72N (H)M-72

Dnepr (Dnepr (Днепр) ModelModel

1954-1960PlungerM-72K (IMZ)1956-1960PlungerM-72M (IMZ)1956-1959PlungerM-72H (KMZ)1959-1963Swing-ArmK-750 (KMZ)

1941-1956PlungerM-72 (IMZ, KMZ)

1963-1977Swing-ArmK-750M (KMZ)

1965-1968Swing-ArmUral M-63 (IMZ)1961-1964PlungerUral M-62 (IMZ)1960-1961PlungerUral M-61 (IMZ)

ProductionSuspension TypeMotorcycle (Factory)

MM--72 Rear Suspension72 Rear Suspension

Early RearEarly Rear--Wheel SwingWheel Swing--Arm SuspensionArm Suspension•Every Ural and Dnepr Has Swing-Arm Suspension with Spring-Hydraulic Shock Absorbers–Except for M-72, M-61 and M-62, with Rear-Wheel Plunger (Coil-Spring) Suspension

–In 1959 the Dnepr K-750 Appeared, Losing the Old Plunger Frame Design in Favor of a Swing-Arm Design, Giving More Suspension Travel and a Better Ride Over Rough Terrain

M-72 pioneered the plunger (coiled-spring) suspension, which was replaced in the K-750. Ural’s M-61 and M-62 also used the plunger suspension system.

1954 M1954 M--72 Rear72 Rear--Wheel SuspensionWheel Suspension

1.1. Rear Fork Base CapRear Fork Base Cap2.2. SpringSpring3.3. Spring HousingSpring Housing4.4. Right Suspension SupportRight Suspension Support5.5. Guide SleeveGuide Sleeve6.6. BarBar7.7. BufferBuffer8.8. Lock ScrewLock Screw9.9. AbsorberAbsorber10.10.Stuffing BoxStuffing Box

RearRear--DriveDrive

Motorcycle Motorcycle FrameFrame

Motorcycle Motorcycle FrameFrame

RearRear--DriveDrive

Motorcycle Motorcycle FrameFrame

Motorcycle Motorcycle FrameFrame

1.1. End Caps of Rear ForkEnd Caps of Rear Fork2.2. SpringSpring3.3. Spring HousingSpring Housing4.4. Right Suspension SupportRight Suspension Support5.5. Guide SleeveGuide Sleeve6.6. BarBar7.7. BufferBufferCoiledCoiled--Spring Isolation between Spring Isolation between

Motorcycle Frame and RearMotorcycle Frame and Rear--DriveDrive

The M-72 had a plunger (coiled-spring) rear-wheel suspension.

Evolution from Plunger (MEvolution from Plunger (M--72) to 72) to SwingSwing--Arm (KArm (K--750) Rear750) Rear--Wheel SuspensionWheel Suspension

MM--7272

KK--750750

SwingSwing--Arm Suspension with Arm Suspension with Spring/Hydraulic ShocksSpring/Hydraulic Shocks

Plunger (CoiledPlunger (Coiled--Spring) SuspensionSpring) Suspension

MM--72 Sidecar72 Sidecar

Nearly all sidecars from the war vintage M-72 production have a rigid wheel suspension for the sidecar, as seen by a frame loop going over the

top of the sidecar fender. This was also used on Chang Jiangs to about 1970, when they added a torsion bar suspension.

The MThe M--72 72 ““TubTub”” Is Is Suspended on LeafSuspended on Leaf--SpringsSprings

Frame Loop Frame Loop over Fenderover Fender

Torsion Bar SuspensionTorsion Bar Suspension•Torsion Bar Suspension, a.k.a. Torsion Spring Suspension, Uses a Torsion Bar as Its Main Weight-Bearing Spring•Torsion Bar, the Elastic Absorber, Is a Metal Rod with Circular Splined Ends–One End Is Firmly Attached to the Sidecar Chassis–Opposite End Terminates in a Lever, Mounted Perpendicular to the Torsion Bar, that Is Attached to a Suspension Arm, Spindle or Axle (Rocker Arm)

•Vertical Motion of Sidecar Wheel Causes the Torsion Bar to Twist around Its Axis and Is Resisted by the Bar's Torsion Resistance, thus Achieving Elastic Coupling between the Sidecar Wheel and the Sidecar Body •Torsion Feature Is that Rotation in Only One Direction - Towards Twisting•Effective Spring Rate of the Torsion Bar Determined by Its Length, Shape, Material, Cross-Section and Manufacturing Process•Another Feature: Torsion Bar Can Be Used to Adjust the Height of the Sidecar

Torsion Bar with Torsion Bar with No Load AppliedNo Load Applied

(Static)(Static)

Sidecar WheelSidecar Wheel’’s s Rocker ArmRocker Arm

Sidecar FrameSidecar Frame

Sidecar Wheel AxleSidecar Wheel Axle

Torsion Bar with Torsion Bar with WheelWheel--Axle Load AppliedAxle Load Applied

Sidecar WheelSidecar Wheel’’s s Rocker ArmRocker Arm

Sidecar FrameSidecar Frame

Sidecar Wheel AxleSidecar Wheel Axle

Sidecar Frames, LeafSidecar Frames, Leaf--Springs and Torsion BarsSprings and Torsion Bars•Sidecar Frame Has Rigid, Reinforced, Double-Frame, Welded Tubular Construction•Rectangular Frame Connected to Ball Clamps (3,23) and Two Adjustable Tie-Rods (9, 37)•Brackets Welded at Rear of Sidecar Frame for Quarter-Elliptic Steel Leaf-Springs•Sideacar Frame (11) Connected to Torsion Bar Suspension

Sidecar Wheel AxleSidecar Wheel Axle

Ural MUral M--6363

Torsion Bar Suspensionof Sidecar-Wheel

1. Motorcycle Frameotorcycle Frame3. Front Collet Chuck3. Front Collet Chuck4. Bolt Collet Fitting 4. Bolt Collet Fitting 9. Rear Tie9. Rear Tie--Rod Mounting BarRod Mounting Bar11. Sidecar Frame11. Sidecar Frame12. Spring12. Spring13. Spring Ladder13. Spring Ladder14. Levr Axle14. Levr Axle15. Sidecar Wheel Axle15. Sidecar Wheel Axle16. Whelel Protective Cap16. Whelel Protective Cap22. Shoe Springs22. Shoe Springs23. Rear Collet Chuck23. Rear Collet Chuck24. Idler Arm Rear Suspension24. Idler Arm Rear Suspension36. Adjusting Fork Rod36. Adjusting Fork Rod37. Front Tie37. Front Tie--Rod Mounting BarRod Mounting Bar

MM--72M Torsion Bar Suspension on Sidecar72M Torsion Bar Suspension on Sidecar--WheelWheel

MM--72 Sidecar Torsion Bar and Cornets72 Sidecar Torsion Bar and Cornets

MM--72 Sidecar Torsion Bar Cornet72 Sidecar Torsion Bar Cornet

Sidecar Torsion Bar Cornet Part #: Sidecar Torsion Bar Cornet Part #: 72202097220209

Splined Collet Splined Collet Firmly Firmly Anchored in Sidecar Anchored in Sidecar

Frame CrossFrame Cross--MemberMember

Other End of Torsion Bar Other End of Torsion Bar Anchored inAnchored in Splined Collet Splined Collet of of SidecarSidecar--Wheel RockerWheel Rocker--ArmArm

MM--72 Sidecar72 Sidecar--Wheel RockerWheel Rocker--ArmArm

SidecarSidecar--Wheel AxleWheel Axle

Ural (IMZ) introduced the torsion bar on the sidecar with the M-72M. It continued with the torsion bar from 1955 to 1965 with the M-61 and M-62,

abandoning it with the M-63 with swing-arm sidecar suspension.

KK--750, M750, M--61 and 61 and ММ--62 Sidecar62 Sidecar--Wheel Torsion BarWheel Torsion Bar(figure on next slide)(figure on next slide)

•Torsion Bar Suspension Consists of Torsion Shaft (Bar, Rod) Made of Special Spring Steel and Mounted Across the Sidecar Frame•Torsion Wheel Suspension Mounted in Rear Cross Tube (4) of Sidecar Frame•One End of Torsion Bar (5) Rigidly Fixed to Sidecar Frame•Other End of Torsion Bar Fastened to Axis of Sidecar-Wheel Arm (Rocker-Arm)•Torsion Bar (5) Is Splined on Each End for Insertion into Collet (Inner Sleeve) (15)• Inner Sleeve (Collet) Is Splined and Firmly Attached to Sidecar Frame Tubing•Axle of Rocker-Arm (3) Is Hollow with Internal Splines to Accept Torsion Bar•Sidecar Wheel Moves Up-and-Down Relative to the Frame, Twisting Torsion Bar•Vibrations Are Absorbed by Elasticity of Torsion Bar•Movement of Lever Is Limited in the Vertical Plane by Bracket (9) Welded to the Right Longitudinal Tube of the Sidecar Frame•Maximum Upward Blows on the Lever Arm Are Absorbed by Rubber Buffer (10), Attached to Limiter-Stop Bracket (9)

KK--750, M750, M--61 and 61 and ММ--62 Sidecar62 Sidecar--Wheel Torsion BarWheel Torsion Bar (cont.)(cont.)

1.1. Torsion CapTorsion Cap2.2. Seal ClipSeal Clip3. Axle of Lever Hub3. Axle of Lever Hub4. Rear Tubing of Sidecar Frame4. Rear Tubing of Sidecar Frame5. Torsion Bar (Rod)5. Torsion Bar (Rod)6. Locking Screws6. Locking Screws7. Claw7. Claw--Clamp to Motorcyce FrameClamp to Motorcyce Frame8. Left Tube of Sidecar Frame8. Left Tube of Sidecar Frame9. Travel Stop Arm9. Travel Stop Arm10. Rubber Buffer10. Rubber Buffer11. Sidecar Wheel Axle11. Sidecar Wheel Axle12. Axle Lever (Rocker12. Axle Lever (Rocker--Arm)Arm)13. Seal13. Seal14. Ring Seal14. Ring Seal15. Collet (Splined Inner Sleeve)15. Collet (Splined Inner Sleeve)

11. Sidecar Wheel Axle

11. Sidecar Wheel Axle

5. Torsion Bar

5. Torsion Bar4. Rear Cross Tubing of Sidecar Frame

4. Rear Cross Tubing of Sidecar Frame7. Clam7. Clam--Shell Clamp to Shell Clamp to

Motorcycle FrameMotorcycle Frame

9. Limiter Stop9. Limiter Stop

SidecarSidecar--Wheel Wheel RockerRocker--ArmArm

SidecarSidecar--Wheel RockerWheel Rocker--ArmArm

Sidecar Torsion Bar Sidecar Torsion Bar and Cornetsand Cornets

Limiter RangeLimiter Range

6. Tightening Bolts for 6. Tightening Bolts for Firm Attachment to FrameFirm Attachment to Frame

Rear and Sidecar Wheel Suspension Rear and Sidecar Wheel Suspension (2000 650cc Shop Manual)(2000 650cc Shop Manual)1. Motorcycle Frame 1. Motorcycle Frame 2, 7. Adjusting Rods (front and rear) 2, 7. Adjusting Rods (front and rear) 3, 6. Collet Lower Frame Sidecar Mounting Points3, 6. Collet Lower Frame Sidecar Mounting Points4. Sidecar Frame4. Sidecar Frame5. crank 5. crank

1. Rear Suspension Swing. Rear Suspension Swing--ArmArm 10.10. ColletCollet Clamp Clamp 20. Sidecar Wheel Lever20. Sidecar Wheel Lever2. Rear Mud Flap2. Rear Mud Flap 11.11. ColletCollet Clamp Screw Clamp Screw 21. Brake Tie Rod21. Brake Tie Rod3. Rear Grab Bar 3. Rear Grab Bar 12. Motorcycle Stand 12. Motorcycle Stand 22. Brake Drum cover22. Brake Drum cover4. Spring4. Spring--Loaded Hydraulic Shock Absorber Loaded Hydraulic Shock Absorber 13. Brake Pedal 13. Brake Pedal 23. Sidecar Wheel Axle23. Sidecar Wheel Axle5. Seat (Saddle or Tractor) 5. Seat (Saddle or Tractor) 14. Sidecar Wheel Brake Lever 14. Sidecar Wheel Brake Lever 24. Protective Hood24. Protective Hood6. Strap 6. Strap 15. Sidecar Frame Legs 15. Sidecar Frame Legs 25. Tie Rod Nut25. Tie Rod Nut7. Motorcycle Frame 7. Motorcycle Frame 16. Sidecar Wheel Brake Rod 16. Sidecar Wheel Brake Rod 26. Sidecar Fender26. Sidecar Fender8. Sidecar Adjusting Strut 8. Sidecar Adjusting Strut 17. Rear 17. Rear ColletCollet Clamp BracketClamp Bracket 27. Rubber Body Suspension27. Rubber Body Suspension9. Sidecar Frame Legs 9. Sidecar Frame Legs 18. Rear Bracket Fastening Bolt 18. Rear Bracket Fastening Bolt 28. Parking Brake28. Parking Brake

19. Lever Pins (Long Bolts)19. Lever Pins (Long Bolts)

The rear-wheel is suspended on a trailing swing-arm, pivoting on rubber (silent-block) bushings located by removable pins in the frame and supported by dual hydraulic shocks/springs. The final drive attaches to the right-hand side of the swing-arm.

The sidecar-wheel is carried on a forked, trailing-link swing-arm, supported by a single hydraulic/shock/spring, pivoting in silent block bushings around long bolts (“lever pins”).

•Sidecar Frame (Chassis) –Welded Tubular Frame

•M-61 / K-750 Sidecar Frame Fastened to Motorcycle Frame at Four Points–Two Ball Chucks (collets) at Bottom (to motorcycle frame)–Two Bolted Connections at Top (front under tank and rear behind the saddle)–Ball Joints on Motorcycle and Collets on Arms of Sidecar Frame–Petal-Shaped Bowl Draws Ball into Socket Using Bolt–Tie-Rods Adjustable in Length, Allow Alignment Relative to Motorcycle

•Sidecar Wheel Axle Resiliently Isolated from Frame by Torsion Bar / Rocker-Arm–Swing-Arm Lever Pivots on Sleeve Bearing with Rubber-Metal Bushings (Silent-Blocks)–Torsion Bar, Spring Shock Absorbers (like shock absorbers installed in rear-wheel suspension), and Rubber Mounts Used for Isolation–Torsion Bar Implementation•Sidecar Wheel Axle (1) Mounted on Rocker-Arm (2)•Torsion Bar (3) Twists as Rocker-Arm Moves Up-and-Down

•Ural M-61 Sidecar Dual Leaf-Springs•Dnepr’s K-750 Sidecar Has Rubber Isolators Instead of Leaf-Springs

Sidecar Attachment Clamp JointSidecar Attachment Clamp Joint1.1. Clamp (Clamp (ColletCollet or Claw)or Claw)2.2. NutNut3.3. BoltBolt Sidecar Mounting Bar (TieSidecar Mounting Bar (Tie--Rod)Rod)

MM--61 / K61 / K--750 Sidecar750 Sidecar Frame Frame (bike78.(bike78.narodnarod..ruru))(figure on next slide)(figure on next slide)

1.Sidecar Wheel Axle2.Lever Axle (Rocker-Arm)3.Torsion Bar (Rod)4.Locking Screws to Adjust Wheel Axle5.Splined Hub (Cornet)

MM--61 Sidecar Frame61 Sidecar Frame1.1. Connection Ball (ClamConnection Ball (Clam--Shell)Shell)2.2. Connecting RodsConnecting Rods3.3. Sidecar FrameSidecar Frame4.4. Sidecar FenderSidecar Fender5.5. Sidecar Wheel AxleSidecar Wheel Axle

KK--750 / M750 / M--61 Sidecar61 Sidecar Torsion Bar Suspension and Frame Torsion Bar Suspension and Frame ((cont.)cont.)

77--Leaf SpringLeaf Spring

The rocker arm for the sidecar axle was isolated using a torsion bar mounted in the rear cross-member of the sidecar tubular frame.

Ural’s M-61 sidecar still retained the dual leaf-springs for suspension,whereas Dnepr’s K-750 used rubber bumpers plus the torsion bar.

MBMB--750750 MTMT--16, MB16, MB--650M and 650M and MBMB--650M1650M1

MTMT--12 and 12 and KK--650650

Sidecar Attachment Clamp JointSidecar Attachment Clamp Joint1.1. Clamp (Clamp (ColletCollet or Claw)or Claw)2.2. NutNut3.3. BoltBolt

Sidecar Attachment Sidecar Attachment to Motorcycleto Motorcycle1.1. Front Tie RodFront Tie Rod2.2. Middle Tie RodMiddle Tie Rod3.3. Rear ClampRear Clamp4.4. Front ClampFront Clamp

Mounting Rods or Sway Bars and Claw FittingsMounting Rods or Sway Bars and Claw Fittings

ColletCollet or or ““ClamshellClamshell””

Sidecar Mounting BarSidecar Mounting Bar

Sidecar Claw CouplingSidecar Claw Coupling

Sidecar FramesSidecar Frames

Sidecar FrameSidecar FrameOriginal, Not Chinese ReplicaOriginal, Not Chinese Replica(M(M--72)72)Vendor ID: 3148Vendor ID: 3148List Price: List Price: €€299.00 299.00 Very Good ConditionVery Good Condition(www.(www.uralural--hamburghamburg.de).de)

Sidecar FrameSidecar Frame(K750)(K750)Vendor ID: 3228)Vendor ID: 3228)List Price: List Price: €€150.00150.00(www.(www.uralural--hamburghamburg.de)

Sidecar FrameSidecar Frame(MT(MT--16, MT16, MT--12, MB12, MB--650, MB650, MB--750)750)Vendor ID: 2070Vendor ID: 2070List Price: List Price: €€100.00 100.00 Like New, Military Like New, Military QualityQuality(www.(www.uralural--hamburghamburg.de)

.de).de)

Sidecar FrameSidecar FrameList Price: List Price: €€199.00199.00Vendor ID: S2227Vendor ID: S2227(www.(www.uralural--zentralezentrale.de).de)

Dnepr 2WD Sidecar Transverse Drive ShaftDnepr 2WD Sidecar Transverse Drive Shaft

Sidecar Sidecar Gear ReducerGear Reducer

Transverse Transverse PropshaftPropshaft

Transverse Transverse PropshaftPropshaft

With the tub removed, the sidecar drive shaft and gear reducer is clearly seen.

Ural MUral M--63, M63, M--66, M66, M--67 Swing67 Swing--Arm FrameArm Frame

1.Silent Block Pendulum Fork2.Spacer3.Plug4.Bolt lower tip5.Swingarm Rear Suspension Fork6, 7. Threaded Bushing Assembly8. Pendulum Fork Bolt9. Washer10, 11, 12, 13. Reinforcing Plate14. Rubber Bushing15. Frame16. Spring Shock Absorber

4 Holes for Mounting Swing-Arm Directly to

1WD Rear Drive Casing

Because Ural’s M-63 / M-66 / M-67 do not offer 2WD, the swing-arm is not C-shaped on the open end.

Ural MUral M--63 (Ural63 (Ural--2) with Rear2) with Rear--Wheel, SwingWheel, Swing--Arm SuspensionArm Suspension

The M-63 was the first Ural to use a rear-wheel, swing-arm suspension. Unlike Dnepr (KMZ) bikes, the swing-arm is on the outside of the frame.

MM--63 Suspension: Plunger, Torsion Bar or Swing63 Suspension: Plunger, Torsion Bar or Swing--Arm?Arm?

1963 (Start of M1963 (Start of M--63 Production Line)63 Production Line)

Torsion Bar (No SwingTorsion Bar (No Swing--Arm)Arm)Plunger (from MPlunger (from M--62 Parts)62 Parts)

1972 (End of M1972 (End of M--63 Production Line)63 Production Line)

SwingSwing--Arm (No Torsion Bar )Arm (No Torsion Bar )

As strange as it may seem, Ural changed motorcycle and sidecar suspension in mid-stream. I’m sure that never happened before!

SwingSwing--Arm (from MArm (from M--63 Parts)63 Parts)

Pining Down the Year of ChangePining Down the Year of Change

1968 M1968 M--6363

SwingSwing--Arm (No Torsion Bar )Arm (No Torsion Bar )SwingSwing--ArmArm

SwingSwing--Arm (No Torsion Bar )Arm (No Torsion Bar )1970 M1970 M--6363

SwingSwing--ArmArm

It appears that by 1968/70, Ural had instituted changing replacing the plunger with the swing-arm on the motorcycle and

replacing the torsion bar with a swing-arm on the sidecar.

1WD versus 2WD Suspension of Rear Drive1WD versus 2WD Suspension of Rear Drive

2WD: C2WD: C--Shaped Fork Shaped Fork of Rear Drive Swingof Rear Drive Swing--ArmArm

•Swing-Arms Differ on the Drive Side–1WD Swing-Arm Has a Simple Plate Which Bolts to Four Studs around the AxleHole of the Rear Drive Casing–2WD Swing-Arm Has a C-Shaped Fork Which Attaches to the Circumference Bolts on the Rear Drive Casing

Gearboxes are also distinguished by the appearance and method of fastening to an arm rear suspension.

MTMT--16 Rear Drive and Sidecar Wheel Gear Reducer16 Rear Drive and Sidecar Wheel Gear Reducer

SwingSwing--Arm SuspensionArm Suspension

Differential rear Drive,Transverse Axle and Sidecar Gear ReducerDifferential rear Drive,Transverse Axle and Sidecar Gear Reducer Sidecar Pendulum Gear ReducerSidecar Pendulum Gear Reducerand Sidecar Wheel Brakeand Sidecar Wheel Brake

(Ken Ulrich U(Ken Ulrich U--2 Cycles)2 Cycles)

2WD Swing2WD Swing--Arm SuspensionArm Suspension

Sidecar Pendulum Gear ReducerSidecar Pendulum Gear Reducer

IMZIMZ--8.1088.108--40 Tourist and IMZ40 Tourist and IMZ--8.107 Sportsman8.107 Sportsman

1.1. Rear Suspension SwingRear Suspension Swing--ArmArm2.2. Rear Mud GuardRear Mud Guard3.3. Rear Grab BarRear Grab Bar4.4. SpringSpring--Loaded Hydraulic Shock AbsorberLoaded Hydraulic Shock Absorber5.5. Seat (Tractor or Saddle)Seat (Tractor or Saddle)6.6. StrapStrap7.7. Motorcycle FrameMotorcycle Frame8.8. Sidecar Adjusting StrutSidecar Adjusting Strut9.9. Sidecar Frame LegSidecar Frame Leg10.10. Collet Collet ClampClamp11.11. Collet Collet Clamp ScrewClamp Screw12.12. Motorcycle StandMotorcycle Stand13.13. Brake PedalBrake Pedal14.14. Sidecar Wheel BrakeSidecar Wheel Brake15.15. Sidecar Frame LegSidecar Frame Leg16.16. Sidecar Wheel Brake RodSidecar Wheel Brake Rod17.17. Rear Rear Collet Collet Clamp BracketClamp Bracket18.18. Rear Bracket Fastening BoltRear Bracket Fastening Bolt19.19. Lever PinsLever Pins20.20. Sidecar Wheel LeverSidecar Wheel Lever21.21. Brake Tie RodBrake Tie Rod22.22. Brake Drum CoverBrake Drum Cover23.23. Sidecar Wheel AxleSidecar Wheel Axle24.24. Protective HoodProtective Hood25.25. Tie Rod NutTie Rod Nut26.26. Sidecar FenderSidecar Fender27.27. Rubber Member of Body SuspensionRubber Member of Body Suspension28.28. Parking BrakeParking Brake

The sidecar frame is coupled to the motorcycle frame through collet clamps (10), rear collet clamp brackets (17) and two frame legs (9, 13).

Examining the Examining the Chang Jiang (Chang Jiang (CJ750) MotorcycleCJ750) Motorcycle•Chang Jiang (CJ750) Is Daughter of M-72–CJ750 Motorcycle and Sidecar Based on the 1956 Soviet IMZ (Irbitski Mototsikletniy Zavod) M-72, Which Was Derived from the 1938 German R71–In the USSR, Now That the Side-Valve (SV) Model Had Become Obsolete, Manufacture of the Old M72 Offered It to Their Chinese Neighbors–In 1957, the M-72 IMZ Production Line Transferred to People’s Republic of China (PRC) State-Owned, Gan Jiang Machinery Factory, and Renamed the Chang Jiang 750–Early Motorcycles Built Using Various Imported Russian Parts, and Even Some Complete Russian-Made M-72s Relabeled as CJ750–Side-Valve CJ750 Still In Production with Few Changes from Original Design

•Examining the Chang Jiang (CJ750) Helps to Understand the Modern M-72–Often the CJ750Drawings Are Copies of 1955 M-72 Drawings

•Chang Jiang 750 M1, CJ750 M1S (Super) and CJ750 M1M All Have Torsion Bar Suspension, Rocker Arm for the Sidecar Suspension and Plunger Rear Wheel Suspension

CJ750 Sidecar Torsion RodCJ750 Sidecar Torsion Rod

CJ750 SidecarCJ750 Sidecar--Wheel Shaft Rocker ArmWheel Shaft Rocker ArmCJ750 Sidecar SpringsCJ750 Sidecar Springs

Chang Jiang (Chang Jiang (CJ750) SideCJ750) Side--Wheel Axle Assembly Wheel Axle Assembly (Sidecar(Sidecar--Wheel Shaft Rocker Arm)Wheel Shaft Rocker Arm)

1. Split Pin (Cotter Pin) 1. Split Pin (Cotter Pin) 2. Castle Nut 2. Castle Nut 3. Washer 3. Washer 4. 4. Drum Cap Drum Cap 5. Rocker Arm5. Rocker Arm6. 6. Torsion Rod Torsion Rod 7. 7. SideSide--Wheel Shaft Wheel Shaft 8. Screw8. Screw9. Washer 9. Washer 10. Rubber Buffer10. Rubber Buffer11. 11. Bolt Bolt 12. Plug 12. Plug 13. Locking Spring Ring 13. Locking Spring Ring 14. Nut 14. Nut 15. Tab Washer15. Tab Washer16. Lip 16. Lip 17. Sealing Gasket 17. Sealing Gasket 18. Felt Ring 18. Felt Ring 19. Sealing Washer 19. Sealing Washer 20. Bushing20. Bushing21. Fly Sleeve 21. Fly Sleeve 22. 22. FlyFly23. Key 23. Key 24. Bolt24. Bolt25. Washer 25. Washer 26. Washer 26. Washer 27. Split Pin (Cotter Pin)27. Split Pin (Cotter Pin)

SidecarSidecar--Wheel AxleWheel Axle

Torsion BarTorsion Bar

Sealing WasherSealing Washer

PackingPacking

Felt RingFelt Ring

The CJ750 diagram clearly shows the torsion bar in the 1951 version of the Russian M-72.

CJ750 Sidecar Frame AssemblyCJ750 Sidecar Frame Assembly1. Sidecar Frame 1. Sidecar Frame 2. Side2. Side--Wheel Mudguard Wheel Mudguard 3. 3. Mudguard Middle Support Mudguard Middle Support 4. Nut 4. Nut 5. Spring Washer 5. Spring Washer 6. Bolt 6. Bolt 7. Anti7. Anti--Shock Screw Shaft Shock Screw Shaft 8. Washer 8. Washer 9. Support 9. Support 10. Fillet 10. Fillet 11. Bush 11. Bush 12. Leaf Spring U12. Leaf Spring U--BoltsBolts13. 13. SpacerSpacer14. Spring Steel Plate 14. Spring Steel Plate 15. 15. AntiAnti--shock Shaft Bracket shock Shaft Bracket 16. Spacer 16. Spacer 17. Rivet 17. Rivet 18. Spring Washer 18. Spring Washer 19. Nut19. Nut20. Bolt 20. Bolt 21. Jaw Pipe Joint 21. Jaw Pipe Joint 22. 22. Protective Plate Protective Plate 23. Nut 23. Nut 24. Spring Washer 24. Spring Washer 25. Nut25. Nut26. 26. Adjusting Screw Adjusting Screw 27. Split Pin 27. Split Pin 28. Bolt 28. Bolt 29. Nut29. Nut30. Spring Washer 30. Spring Washer 31. Rear Mounting Rod 31. Rear Mounting Rod 32. Nut 32. Nut 33. Rear Mounting Screw33. Rear Mounting Screw34. Lug 34. Lug 35. Spring Washer 35. Spring Washer 36. Nut 36. Nut 37. Nut37. Nut38. Spring Washer 38. Spring Washer 39. Joint for Mounting Rod39. Joint for Mounting Rod40. Front Mounting Rod 40. Front Mounting Rod 41. Anti41. Anti--Shock Rubber Shock Rubber 42. Front Mounting Screw 42. Front Mounting Screw 43. Bolt 43. Bolt 44. Washer 44. Washer 45. Screw 45. Screw 46. Spring washer 46. Spring washer 47. Washer 47. Washer 48. Nut48. Nut

The CJ750 sidecar frame assembly mimics the 1951 version of the Russian M-72.

CJ750CJ750

Because it was a Chinese, we can see some of the old features of the M-72, including the sidecar.

CJ750 Frame AssemblyCJ750 Frame Assembly1. Steering 1. Steering Bearing Bearing 2. Motorcycle 2. Motorcycle Frame Frame 3. 3. Nut Nut 4. 4. WasherWasher5. 5. BoltBolt6. 6. Fixing Bolt Fixing Bolt 7. 7. Brake Rubber Brake Rubber 8. 8. KickKick--StandStand9. 9. Cotter Pin Cotter Pin 10. 10. KickKick--StandStand Support Shaft Support Shaft 11. 11. KickKick--StandStand Washer Washer 12. 12. KickKick--StandStand Spring Spring 13. 13. Foot Pedal Rod Foot Pedal Rod 14. 14. Foot Pedal Rod Foot Pedal Rod 15. 15. Foot Pedal Rubber Sleeve Foot Pedal Rubber Sleeve 16. Battery 16. Battery Short Strap Short Strap 17. Battery 17. Battery Long Strap Long Strap 18. Battery Tightening18. Battery Tightening Nut Nut 19. 19. Engine Body Link Support Engine Body Link Support 20. 20. Angle Iron Angle Iron 21. 21. Clip Clip 22. 22. Rubber Spacer Rubber Spacer 23. 23. SpacerSpacer24. 24. Nut Nut 25. 25. Screw Screw 26. 26. Spacer Spacer 27. 27. BoltBolt28. 28. WasherWasher29. 29. Nut Nut 30. 30. Nut Nut 31. 31. WasherWasher32. 32. Bolt Bolt

1616--18 Battery Holder18 Battery Holder88--12 Kick12 Kick--StandStand

1313--15 Foot Pedal15 Foot Pedal

Attachment Points Attachment Points for Plungersfor Plungers

The CJ750 sidecar frame assembly clearly shows the attachment points for the plunger suspension system.

77--Leaf SpringLeaf SpringBracket for Sidecar TubBracket for Sidecar Tub

Dual SpringDual Spring--Leaf Suspension Leaf Suspension of the Tubof the Tub

Plunger (CoilPlunger (Coil--Spring) Spring) RearRear--Wheel SuspensionWheel Suspension

Original MOriginal M--72 with Bar over 72 with Bar over SidecarSidecar--Wheel FenderWheel Fender

MM--72 Modeling 72 Modeling (www.(www.smcarssmcars.net).net)

Modeling of the old M-72 sidecar clearly shows the rigid frame over the fender.