UPSC CIVIL SERVICES EXAMINATION

MAINS ANSWER WRITING PRACTICE

LECTURE 23

CSE MAINS

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UPSC CIVIL SERVICES EXAMINATION

MAINS ANSWER WRITING PRACTICE

LECTURE 23

CSE MAINS

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Q. Explain how ocean currents help in establishing global heat balance.

Also explain relationship between ocean currents and habitability of the

coastal areas. 250 word (15)

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IDENTIFICATION OF KEYWORDS

DEMAND OF THE QUESTION

How Ocean Currents help in maintaining global heat balance?

How do Ocean Currents affect the habitability of an area?

Make more inhabitable

Make less inhabitable

Balances the extremities

Suitable Examples

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INTRODUCTION

The oceans of the world are constantly moving. These movements occur in currents, which, though notalways constant, have certain very observable impact on important natural phenomena like establishingthe global heat balance.

Q. Explain how ocean currents help in establishing global heat balance.

Also explain relationship between ocean currents and habitability of the

coastal areas. 250 word (15)

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OCEAN CURRENTS AND GLOBAL HEAT BALANCE

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BODY

Because they cover 67 per cent of the Earth's surface, the oceans receive 67 per cent of the Sun's energythat reaches Earth.

It holds onto this heat for longer than the land does and the ocean currents move this heat around, fromthe tropics to higher latitudes.

This helps in curtailing the extremities of the temperature.

Heat Retention Property of Oceans

Q. Explain how ocean currents help in establishing global heat balance.

Also explain relationship between ocean currents and habitability of the

coastal areas. 250 word (15)

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BODY

Ocean Currents act much like a conveyer belt, transporting warm water and precipitation from theequator towards the poles and the cold water from the poles back to the tropics.

Energy is moved from areas of surplus to those of deficit, with warm currents (like Brazilian current)transporting warm water poleward and cold currents (like Benguela Current) taking colder water tolower latitudes.

Energy Transfer by Warm and Cold Ocean Currents

Q. Explain how ocean currents help in establishing global heat balance.

Also explain relationship between ocean currents and habitability of the

coastal areas. 250 word (15)

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BODY

Without Ocean Currents, regional temperature would be more extreme being super hot at the equator and frigid towards the poles and much less of the earth’s land would be habitable.

Closure to Part1

Q. Explain how ocean currents help in establishing global heat balance.

Also explain relationship between ocean currents and habitability of the

coastal areas. 250 word (15)

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BUFFER LINE

While maintaining the global heat balance, the ocean currents also play a significant role in affecting theclimate of the coastal regions that they encounter. As a result there is a relationship between oceancurrents and the habitability of coastal areas – positive as well as negative.

Q. Explain how ocean currents help in establishing global heat balance.

Also explain relationship between ocean currents and habitability of the

coastal areas. 250 word (15)

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BODY

The Gulf Stream and the North Atlantic Drift ferry huge volumes of warm salty tropical water north to the Greenland coast and to the Nordic Seas.

The heat radiating off this water helps in keeping the countries of Northwest Europe (same latitude as Greenland) relatively more comfortable places to live.

Positive Relationship

Q. Explain how ocean currents help in establishing global heat balance.

Also explain relationship between ocean currents and habitability of the

coastal areas. 250 word (15)

Dig 2.1

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BODY

The climatic conditions (desiccating effect)generated by the cold ocean currents (along with theplanetary winds) on the western margins of thecontinents in the Sub Tropical Latitudes lead to theformation of Deserts.

Thereby making these regions relatively lesshabitable.

NEGATIVE RELATIONSHIP

Q. Explain how ocean currents help in establishing global heat balance.

Also explain relationship between ocean currents and habitability of the

coastal areas. 250 word (15)

Dig 2.2

SAHARA DESERT

ATACAMA DESERT

NAMIB DESERT

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CONCLUSION

Amidst the points discussed it is quite evident that Ocean Currents have an important role in sustaining the Global Heat Balance. And while doing so they can substantially have a significant impact on the habitability of the coastal areas that they encounter.

MERGING THE TWO PARTS

Q. Explain how ocean currents help in establishing global heat balance.

Also explain relationship between ocean currents and habitability of the

coastal areas. 250 word (15)