Upper Cretaceous (Santonian-Campanian) radiolarians from Voronesh Anticline, southwestern Russia

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Upper Cretaceous (Santonian-Campanian) radiolarians from Voronesh Anticlinesouthwestern RussiaAuthor(s) Irina Popova-Goll Valentina Vishnevskaya Peter O BaumgartnerSource Micropaleontology 51(1)1-38 2005Published By Micropaleontology PressDOI httpdxdoiorg1016610026-2803(2005)051[0001UCSRFV]20CO2URL httpwwwbiooneorgdoifull1016610026-2803282005290515B00013AUCSRFV5D20CO3B2

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Upper Cretaceous (Santonian-Campanian) radiolarians fromVoronesh Anticline southwestern Russia

Irina Popova-Goll1 Valentina Vishnevskaya2 and Peter O Baumgartner3

1Institute of Geology and Geophysics Texas AampM University U S A

email popova-gollgeotamuedu2Paleontological Institute Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia

3Science de la Terre University of Lausanne BFSH 2 1015 Lausanne Switzerland

email PeterBaumgartnerigpunilch

ABSTRACT Core-samples from wells and an outcrop located on the Voronesh Anticline in the southeastern part of the Russian Platformcontain Late Cretaceous radiolaria 83 species are described and illustrated (SEM and transmitted light images) from Santonian-earlyCampanian deposits and two assemblages are distinguished The older assemblage with Alievium gallowayi Archaeospongoprunumbipartitum Archaeospongoprunum cf A salumi as well as other less age-diagnostic taxa is interpreted as Santonian correlative with theEuchitonia santonica-Alievium gallowayi Assemblage Zone of the Moscow Basin (Vishnevskaya 1993) The younger assemblage ofSantonian ndash early Campanian age contains Patulibracchium cf P davisi Crucella irwini Cryptamphorella sphaerica Praeconocaryommacaliforniensis Dictyomitra lamellicostata among other species and is correlative with the Orbiculiforma quadrata-Lithostrobus rostovtseviAssemblage Zone of the Moscow Basin In terms of inter-regional faunal comparisons both of the Voronesh Anticline radiolarian assemblagesdemonstrate relatively close affinities to coeval rocks from the Volga River region but less similarity to the assemblages from the Moscow Ba-sin Only a few of the common endemic species of Siberian assemblages occur in our samples On an inter-regional level the radiolarian assem-blages described herein have similarities with assemblages reported from Japan and California Index-species characteristic for theSantonian-Campanian radiolarian biozonations of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans are not found in our collection However the presence ofmany cosmopolitan species known from the European Platform Japan and California suggests a marine connection between the VoroneshAnticline region the western Atlantic and eastern Tethys during Santonian-Early Campanian time

INTRODUCTION

There were several reasons to study this material First theradiolaria of this time-interval and from this region are not verywell known and the investigation we carried out provides thefirst detailed information about Santonian ndash Campanianradiolaria of Voronesh Anticline region along with more pre-cise age determination data which could be used for the next is-sue of the regional stratigraphic scheme

Secondly the preservation of the fauna is good compared tocoeval radiolaria derived from exposures and subcrops of otherlocalities in Russia and in Europe A majority of the specimensexamined are in the original glassy opal-A silica phase Thetests found have been photographed in transmitted-light andscanning electron microscopes

Thirdly the assemblages are diverse with at least 83 speciesand some previously undescribed taxa that impart a distinctivecharacter to the fauna recovered from core samples of two ex-ploration wells and one outcrop sample

Fourthly the Voronesh Anticline region is not well known inthe English-language geological literature and in the presentarticle we provided a brief summary of the regional geologywith particular reference to its complex Upper Cretaceous litho-and biostratigraphy

Fifthly the correlation of the assemblages found in theVoronesh Anticline region to world wide data allows us to un-derstand better the paleogeography of the region in Santonian-Campanian the sea-level fluctuations and related Tethys-ParaTethys paleooceanic connections that existed at that time

METHODS

The radiolarians examined in this study occur in semi-consolidatedclay marl silt and siltstones These samples were crushed andboiled with Calgon for 30 minutes or until dispersed and sievedwet through a 63microm mesh sieve The resulting residue was boiledwith 5 H2O2 and wet sieved again and left to dry Radiolariansfrom the dried residue were picked by hand using a very thinbrush pasted on stubs (for SEM study) or mounted on standardmicroscope slides using Canada balsam (for transmitted light mi-croscope study) according to methods of treatment commonly inuse for Mesozoic and Cenozoic radiolaria investigations(Sanfilippo Westberg and Riedel 1985)

GEOLOGY AND STRATIGRAPHY OF THE VORONESHANTICLINE

The location of wells and outcrops studied Geographically theVoronesh Anticline occupies portions of both Ukraine and Rus-sia (text-fig 1) The Voronesh Anticline (text-fig 1A) is alsoknown from the literature as the ldquoKursk-Voronesh crystallinecore-areardquo which emphasizes the fact that it is a buried base-ment high composed of metamorphic and magmatic rocks ofPrecambrian and Paleozoic age overlain by Mesozoic and Ce-nozoic deposits The Voronesh Anticline is bounded on thesouth and southwest by the Dnepr-Donets Rivers Depressionand to the northwest by the Orsha-Smolensk Flexure The Mos-cow Syncline and Razan-Saratov Flexure bound this area to thenorth and northeast respectively Geomorphologically thiszone looks like a chain of small hills 20-50m high outlining aledge with a northwestern trend The dip of beds ranges from05deg to 3deg The maximum thickness of Upper Cretaceous depositsis observed in sections and wells located in Dnepr-Donets Depres-

micropaleontology vol 51 no 1 pp 1-37 text-figures 1-4 plates 1-8 tables 1-4 2005 1

sion and declines towards the north A gradual erosion ofMaastrichtian Campanian and Paleogene deposits has also beenobserved in the same direction (Moroz and Savron 1975) Thisphenomenon can be explained by a southwestern monoclinal dip

Well 3 is located near Khotinets Village of the Orel City districtWell 19A is located near Inokovka Village and well 59 is locatednear Kirsanov Village both of Tambov City district Outcrop 598is located near the Verkhnesoinsky Village of the Ourupinsk Citydistrict Volgograd City region (text-figs 1 2 3) The well coreswere provided by the Voronesh City Geological Survey and were

carefully cleaned before being broken into pieces to avoiddownhole contamination

Stratigraphy Upper Cretaceous deposits are widely distributed inthe territory under investigation and are represented (text-figs 2 34 Table 1) by 1) Cenomanian quartz-glauconitic sand withphosphoritic concretions referred to locally as the Polpinskaya andDadkovskaya formations 2) Turonian chalk with phosphatic peb-bles referred to as the Tuskarevskaya Formation 3) Coniacianchalk and marl the latter consisting of pelitic calcite and opal withInoceramus sp and foraminifera referred to as the Chernanskaya

2

Irina Popova-Goll et al Upper Cretaceous (Santonian-Campanian) radiolarians from Voronesh Anticline southwestern Russia

TEXT-FIGURE 1Locality of wells and outcrops in this study

Formation (coeval analog of Chernetovskaya Formation of theByelorussian monoclinal of the Voronesh Anticline) 4) Santonianchalk and marl alternating with sand and silt characteristic of theupper part of Chernanskaya and lower part of ZolotukhinskayaFormation The latter is the coeval analog of Istobnenskaya For-mation and Kirsanovskaya stratum of the neighboring regions (Ta-ble 1) Foraminiferal ooze and siliceous limestone representdeposits assigned to the Saprikinsk and Novooskolrsquosk Formationsand its correlative the Sokolovskaya stratum Sandy and silty bedsof Zolotukhinskaya Formation and Kirsanovskaya stratum areradiolarian-bearing 5) Campanian radiolarian-bearing diatomitealternating with marls containing foraminifera belemnites and bi-valves characteristic of the Dubenkovsky Group The overlayingCampanian chalk and marl which has no siliceous component butcontains belemnites and foraminifera belong to AlekseevskyGroup and Maslovskaya Formation 6) Maastrichtian chalk andmarl assigned to the Sudshanskaya Formation

The age determination of all formations listed here is based onammonites belemnites inoceramids and foraminifera (Olferiev1993) Olferiev (1993) also reported that the sandy part of the

radiolarian-bearing Kirsanovskaya stratum contains macrofaunarepresented by Sphenoceramus cardissoides Actinocamax verusfragilis Microblastum spinosum Ortodiscus pedester Sor-estirpum radiatus Coeloptychium agaricoides and Etheridgeaverrucosa which indicate a Santonian age The ZolotukhinskayaFormation contains no other fossils but radiolarians The age ofthis formation has been determined on the basis of foraminiferafrom the Chernanskaya Formation which directly underlies theZolotukhinskaya Formation Foraminiferal assemblages of theChernanskaya Formation have been referred to the localGavelinella infrasantonica G thalmanii and G kelleri zones andthe time of its formation was determined to be Late Coniacian

RADIOLARIAN BIOSTRATIGRAPHY

Previous investigations Santonian-Campanian radiolaria are notvery well known from the Voronesh Anticline region Despite thefact that the radiolarian assemblages of this age are reported frommany localities of the Russian Platform there are many gaps in ourknowledge about taxonomy biostratigraphy paleoecology andpaleogeography of radiolarians from this territory

3

Micropaleontology vol 51 no 1 2005

TEXT-FIGURE 2Geological map of the Inokovka Village region Locality of the wells 19 A and 59 Key to symbols K 1 al - Lower Cretaceous Albian (quartz-glauconitesand) K 2 sm - Upper Cretaceous Cenomanian (quartz-glauconite sand with phosphorites) K 2 c-m - Upper Cretaceous Coniacian (marls silty clay) -Maastrichtian (chalk marl)

Late Cretaceous deposits of the Russian Platform have beenstudied over many years by radiolarian specialists and severalprovincial radiolarian biostratigraphic schemes have been pro-posed 1) for the Kuznetsk City region by Lipman (1952) 2) forthe Moscow Basin by Vishnevskaya (1990 1993) Vishnev-skaya and Kazintsova (1990) and Bragina (1994) 3) for theVolga River region by Amon and De Wever (1994) andBragina (Bragina et al 1999) Late Coniacian-Santonian andlate Campanian radiolarian microfauna from the Shilovka Villageregion (near Ulianovsk City) as recently described byVishnevskaya et al (1999) are attributed to the Moscow Basin lo-cal stratigraphic scale (Vishnevskaya 1993)

The literature on Coniacian through Campanian radiolarians fromsouthwestern Russia is spotty and incomplete Lozynyak (1975)has reported on Late Cretaceous radiolaria from the Skiba Zone ofthe Ukrainian Carpatians Radiolaria that he discovered in thelower Stryiskaya subseries belong to Cenodiscus Porodiscus andTheocorys According to foraminifera (Lozynyak 1975) this partof the subseries formed during Coniacian-Santonian time

Later Sycheva and Semenov (1982) published a short noteabout the first discovery of Late Cretaceous radiolarians fromdeposits of the Dniepr-Donets Depression The authors recog-nized nine radiolarian-bearing beds spanning the Turonian toCampanian Neither lists of species nor descriptions or illustra-tions were included the publication provided only a list of ge-neric names

Olferiev (1993) described but did not illustrate a Santonianradiolarian assemblage with Archaeospongoprunum bipart-itum Cromyodruppa concentrica Crucella cf C planaEuchitonia santonica Histiastrum aster H latum Rhopa-lastrum attenuatum Amphipyndax stocki in Coniacian stratacropping out south of Khotinets Village (text-fig 2)

The present article thus provides the first detailed study of tax-onomy biostratigraphy paleoecology and paleogeography ofthe Santonian-Early Campanian radiolarian fauna of theVoronesh Anticline

4


TEXT-FIGURE 3Geological map of the Khotinets Village are in the vicinity of well 3 Key to symbols K2 t - st Upper Cretaceous Turonian - Santonian (chalk limestone)K2 t Upper Cretaceous Turonian (chalk) K1-2 al - sm Lower - Upper Cretaceous Albian - Cenomanian (sand clay gravel) K1 a - nc - Lower CretaceousAptian - Neocomian (sand clay gravel) J 2-3 Middle - Upper Jurassic Callovian - Oxfordian (clay silty-clay clayey sand) D 3 Upper Devonian (basalt tuffs clay)

Present study

We have distinguished two radiolarian assemblages from theUpper Cretaceous sequences of the Voronesh Anticline thefirst of Santonian age with Euchitonia santonica Stylodictyadelicatula Praeconocaryomma cf P vivenkensis Phacostylusinokovkus Alievium gallowayi Pseudoaulophacus floresensisCrucella plana Archaeospongoprunum cf A bipartitumTheocampe ex gr T apicata T lispa Theocapsomma brevi-thorax Theocapsomma amphora Artostrobus sp aff E micro-theca Thanarla veneta etc and the second of Santonian - earlyCampanian age with Patulibracchium cf P ruesti Stylotrochuspolygonatus Praeconocaryomma lipmanae Paronaellacommunis Pseudoaulophacus cf P venadoensis Archaeo-spongoprunum cf A salumi Histiastrum membraniferumCrucella messinae Patulibracchium sp aff P ruesti Amphi-pyndax stocki morphotype A Dictyomitra sp aff D densi-costata Lithostrobus rostovzevi etc (Tables 3 4)

The first assemblage was discovered in clayey silt core-samplesof the Kirsanovskaya stratum in well 19A interval 168 -180m The co-occurrence of A gallowayi E santonica and Acf A bipartitum in this assemblage suggest that it formed duringSantonian time It includes more than 54 species and is character-ized by dominance of Spumellaria (31 species) over Nassellaria(23 species) Approximately half of total abundance (specimensg)belongs to different representatives of Spongo- and PorodiscidaThis assemblage is referred to the Euchitonia santonica-Alievium gallowayi Assemblage Zone of the Moscow Basin

(Vishnevskaya 1993) (Table 2) A very similar assemblage hasbeen observed from another locality of the Voronesh Anticline re-gion It was discovered in a sample of a silty-clay bed from outcrop598 (interval 08m sample 22) near Verkhnesoinsky VillageUrupinsk City District Volgograd City region This bed is attrib-uted to the Oboyanskaya Formation According to its presentstratigraphical position based on other fossil data this stratumformed during the Paleocene Although the preservation of micro-fauna is relatively good redeposition is possible

The second assemblage with C sphaerica C campi D lamel-licostata H crux L pusillus L rostovzevi S sp aff S densa etc(Tabls 3 4) was described from silty clay cores-sample from well19 A interval 88m-100m presently attributed to the Kirsa-novskaya stratum and from silt core-samples from well 3 interval50m attributed to the Zolotykhinskaya Formation (Table 3 4) Itincludes more than 53 species and is characterized by the domi-nance of Spumellaria (35 species) over Nassellaria (18 species)Spongo- and Porodiscidae account for more than 43 of all speci-mens This assemblage is referred to the Orbiculiforma quadrata-Lithostrobus rostovtsevi Assemblage Zone of the Moscow Basin(Vishenevskaya 1993) (Table 2) Because of the co-occurrence ofTheocapsomma amphora Lithostrobus rostovzevi Crucellairwini Dictyomitra lamellicostata and Cyrtocapsa campi we con-clude that this assemblage formed during Santonian-earlyCampanian This age determination differs from that in Table 1where the Zolotukhinskaya Formation and Kirsanovskaya stratumare referred to Early Santonian time This age was derived from a

5


TEXT-FIGURE 4Logs of the wells and outcrops studied

planktonic foraminiferal assemblage including Gavellinellapraeinfrasantonica (Mjatlyuk) G praeriksdalensis BrotzenOsangularia whitei var whitei (Brotzen) Reusella kelleriVassilenko Globotruncana paraventricosa (Hofker) and someother species observed in the Terepshansky Formation the co-eval analog of the Zolotykhinskaya and Kirsanovskaya units(unpublished data ldquoCentrGeologiardquo laboratory Moscow) Thisforaminiferal data was used for the regional scheme issued in1995 (Alekseev et al1995) and is use nowadays

CORRELATIONS

Radiolarian assemblages described by Lipman (1952) fromSantonian-Campanian deposits of the Kuznetsk City region arerepresented by drawings rather than photographs making compar-ison difficult However we concluded that the Kuznetsk City re-gion microfauna formed in a different environment than that of theVoronesh Anticline region and looks more like assemblages de-scribed from the Western Siberia Lowland (Glazunova et al 1960Kozlova and Gorbovets 1966) Approximately 10 cosmopolitanspecies we observed in common for both assemblages Cromyo-druppa concentrica Euchitonia santonica Histiastrum aster Hcrux H irregularis H membraniferum H tumeniensis Pentin-astrum subbotinae Spongodiscus volgensis and Triacticustriacuminatus

Comparison of Santonian radiolaria of well 19A (interval168-180m) with the radiolarian assemblage of the Euchitoniasantonica - Pseudoaulophacus floresensis Assemblage Zonedescribed from well 502 located near Volgograd City (text-fig1) (Bragina et al 1999) reveals the presence of Archeo-spongoprunum bipartitum as a species characteristic of bothcorrelated assemblages The assemblage of well 502 includesmore than 20 species and contains about 12 species in commonwith our data including Euchitonia santonica LipmanHistiastrum aster Lipman Pentinastrum subbotinae LipmanPraeconocaryomma californiaensis Pessagno Pseudo-aulophacus floresensis Pessagno Dictyomitra densicostataPessagno The age of it is determined as Santonian - earlyCampanian (Bragina et al 1999) due to the Coniacian - earlySantonian Stensioeina exculpta exculpta Foraminiferal Zonedirectly underlying radiolarian-bearing strata The correlationbetween radiolarian assemblages from the Voronesh Anticlineterritory and the Volga River region was difficult because of itsdifferent taxonomic composition and structure Poro- andSpongodiscida prevail among radiolarian shells from the VolgaRiver region The Voronesh Anticline area is marked by thepresence of numerous cryptocephalic species and their taxo-nomic diversity is markedly higher this reflects a change fromdeep to shallow water conditions towards the north It is diffi-cult to say which of our two assemblages is coeval with theEuchitonia santonica ndash Pseudoaulophacus floresensis assem-blage of Bragina et al (1999) from the Nariman Sequence of theVolgograd City region and the Orbiculiforma quadrata ndashCrucella irwini assemblage of Bragina (1994) from theKhotrsquokovo Group of the Moscow Basin region This is becausewe did not find some of the species characteristic for thistime-interval mentioned in these publications

The radiolarian assemblage from well 19A (all intervals) showsan affinity with the assemblage discovered in well 59 (text-fig2) interval 55-66m and reported by Olferiev (1993) It is diffi-cult to say whether the compared assemblages are coeval or notbecause all species in common are known to be cosmopolitanwith long ranges (Histiastrum aster H membraniferum Hlatum Euchitonia santonica Cromyodruppa concentrica

Spongodiscus volgensis Dictyomitra scalaris D multicostata)Smirnova has provided the age supporting data for this studybased on foraminiferal assemblage from the bed underlying theradiolarian-bearing bed Gavelinella sp aff G kelleri(Mjatlyuk) Valvulineria sp aff V lenticulata Brotz Gyroid-ina sp aff G nitida (Reuss) and Gyroidina sp aff G turgida(Hay) were encountered in this assemblage suggesting aConiacian - early Santonian age (Olferiev 1993)

Our correlations are based on comparison with radiolarian litera-ture from the European Platform central Asia Siberia JapanNorth Central and South America the Pacific Ocean the AtlanticOcean the Indian Ocean and the Southersn Ocean No data fromChina or India were available

The European Platform In this region Santonian-Campanianradiolarians were described from Italy (Squinabol 1903 1904)Belgium (Cayeux 1897) Northern Germany (Zittel 1876) theBavarian Alps (Lupu 1985) from the Salzburg-Reichenhaller Ba-sin Austria (Empson-Morin 1984) and North Rhine Westphalia(Riegraf 1995) Romania (Dumitrica 1970) Poland (Gorka 1989Bak 1999b) Greece (De Wever and Thiebault 1981 Jones et al1992) and Cyprus (Empson-Morin 1984 Urquhart 1994 Braginaand Bragin 1996) Coniacian-Maastrichtian radiolarian-bearingdeposits have been found in Bulgaria (Rankova et al 1998)

The comparison of European radiolarian assemblages withthose of the Voronesh Anticline region demonstrate the co-oc-currence of a few common cosmopolitan species P universa Plipmanae D multicostata D lamellicostata P floresensis Astocki X asymbatos C sphaerica

The Caucasus and Crimea Zhamoida et al (1976) reported thefirst discoveries of Late Cretaceous radiolaria from theSevanskij complex of the Lesser Caucasus The microfauna wasobserved in petrographic slides Radiolarian biozonation for theUpper Cretaceous deposits of the Lesser and Great Caucasusspecifically the Shakhdag-Khisins and Kovdagsk Synclinoriawas established by Abbasov (1987 1990) Integrated data con-cerning the foraminifera and radiolaria of the Great Caucasusterritory have been published by Aliyulla et al (1988) Thesame age radiolaria were also discovered in Azerbaijan theGyilistan territory of the Agdzhakend Synclinoria in Azerbaijan(Aliyulla et al 1991)

The correct correlation between the Santonian-Campanianradiolarian assemblages of the Voronesh Anticline region andCaucasus could not be established because the published dataare not complete The majority of publications contain only spe-cies names but no illustrations

Tajikistan and Turkmenistan Late Cretaceous radiolarian-bear-ing deposits with Gongylothorax cf G verbeeki and Alieviumcf A gallowayi (Coniacian-Santonian) Gongylothorax tadjiki-stanensis (late Campanian) and Hemicryptocapsa djalilovi(Maastrichtian) were described from the Tajik Depression(Goltman 1983 1988 1989) of Tajikistan and from the south-western Darvaz City region (Goltman and Ashurov 1989) ofTurkmenistan

The correlation of the radiolarian assemblages from the abovementioned territory with those of the Voronesh Anticline regionwas difficult because radiolaria in Tajikistan and Turkmenistanwere studied only in thin section However it was possible to rec-ognize a few common species such as Alievium cf A gallowayiH aster and H crux

6


Siberia In Siberia the Cenomanian-Maastrichtian radiolariawere described from many localities of the Tumen andKhanti-Mansiisk regions Berezovo Luchinkino and VedenieVillages Sina River (Glazunova et al 1960) Yar-SaleBerezovo Azovo-Myshi Dyvankylrsquo Bytka and Omsk regionsSevernaya Sosrsquova Polyi and Kazim Rivers (Kozlova andGorbovets 1966) Local biostratigraphic subdivisions based onradiolarian data were proposed for the Western Siberian low-land (Kozlova and Gorbovets 1966) and for the middle part ofthe eastern Ural Mountains region (Grigorrsquoeva 1975 Amon andPapulov 1985 Amon 1993)

Lipnitskaya (1997) had reported the presence of Coniacian-Santonian radiolarians from the Western Siberian lowland Ac-cording to her data radiolarians found in the Ipatovskian horizonwere attributed to the Ommatodiscus mobilis - Spongodiscusmultus Radiolarian taxon-range local Zone established byAmon (1993) These assemblages could not be assigned to anyoceanic biozonal scheme and are difficult to use for long dis-tance correlations because of their low taxonomic diversity andthe presence of some endemic species The situation withSantonian and early Campanian radiolarians accordingLipnitskayarsquos data was different Thus it was possible to at-tribute the latter assemblage to the Prunobrachium crassum - P

articulatum local radiolarian Zone and to correlate it with theArtostrobium urna Zone of Riedel and Sanfilippo (1974)

The correlation of radiolaria from the Western Siberia lowlandwith the Voronesh Anticline allow us to recognize the presenceof 4 common species - P vulgaris S insolita S densa and Lcf L marinae This phenomenon can be explained by differ-ence in depositional settings linked with paleogeography andecology It is known that Western Siberian microplankton de-veloped in strait-like basins strongly influenced by ArcticOcean transgressionsregressions (Naidin et al 1986) There-fore it includes an endemic fauna from the Arctic unknown inthe lower boreal and Tethyan basins (Amon and De Wever1994) For this particular reason radiolarian-bearing deposits ofthe Western Siberia and Voronesh Anticline regions could notbe directly correlated with each other or with existing oceanicbiozonation

Middle East Some information about Late Cretaceous radiolarianassemblages is known from surface exposures in the Middle Eastfrom the Hawasina Complex (Tippit 1981 De Wever et al 1988)and Wadi Ragmi Samail Nappe (Tippit 1981 Schaaf and Thomas1986) of Oman from ophiolitic terrains of Cyprus and Oman(Blome and Irwin 1985) from the Damlaagacderesi Sedimentary

7


TABLE 1Regional and local lithostratigraphic units of Voronesh Anticline region (Alekseev Olferiev and Shik 1995)

Melange near Ankara Turkey (Mekik 1999 Mekik and Ling2000) and from Sayyarim Formation of Israel (Haas et al 1985)Correlation was possible between Santonian radiolarian assem-blages of the Voronesh Anticline region and Turkey based on theco-occurrence of a few cosmopolitan species D multicostata Puniversa A gallowayi P floresensis and C aster

Pacific Ocean region Acquisitions from the Pacific Ocean regionshow that Coniacian-Campanian radiolaria are well known fromthe Bering Sea Realm (Vishnevskaya 1985 1986 Bragina 1991a)and from Shikotan (Bragina 1991b) and Sakhalin Islands(Kazintsova 1979 Atlas of Cretaceous Key Taxa from Sakhalin1993 Bragina 1999) The Kamchatka Peninsula section nearUst-Palana Village (Palechek 2000) also yielded radiolarian-bear-ing beds of this age Our comparison indicates a few cosmopolitanspecies in common

Santonian radiolarians from many localities of Japan containfrom 10 to 15 taxa in common with our assemblages A coevalradiolarian fauna was discovered in deposits of the Hakobuchi(Iwata et al 1992) and Ybetsu Groups (Iwata and Tajika 1986) ofthe Tokoro belt in the Urakawa and Obira areas of Hokkaido(Taketani 1982 1995) in the Izumi Group (Yamasaki 1987) andKajisako Formation (Okamura et al 1982) Some other groups ofthe Shimanto sub-belt of Shikoku Island yielded beds withSantonian radiolarians (Nakazawa et al 1983 Suyari 1986 Suyariet al 1989 Teraoka and Kurimoto 1986 Okamura 1992Hashimoto and Ishida 1997 Ishida and Hashimoto 1998) Thecoeval radiolarian-bearing deposits have been reported from theRyujin Formation of the Hidakagawa Belt (Suzuki 1992) and fromthe Yuasa area of the western Kii Peninsula (Kashiwagi 1998)Both are located in southwestern Japan The radiolarian assem-blages from the Ogochi Group of the Kano Mountains of centralJapan (Iyota et al 1994) and the Goshoura Group of theMaki-shima Islands of Japan (Aita et al 1997) contain about 12 to15 species in common with the Voronesh Anticline region In thereport of Hollis and Kimura (2001) on the new Coniacian ndashPaleocene biozonation of Japan we found more than 10 species incommon but none of the Japanese zonal index-species were ob-served in our assemblages

Campanian radiolarians were reported from rocks of the Mid-Pa-cific Mountains (Empson-Morin 1981 1982 unpublished thesis)Abyssal North Pacific Shatsky Rise (Kling 1971) and MarianaTrough (Kling 1981) We recognize the presence of P floresensisA gallowayi A stocki X asymbatos as common to both com-pared regions

Antarctic Ocean Coniacian-Campanian radiolarian-bearing de-posits have been discovered in the Poya Terrane of New Caledonia(Cluzel et al 1997) in the Campbell Plateau offshore New Zea-land (Pessagno 1975) and from Weddell Sea deposits (Ling andLazarus 1990)

The comparison of assemblages from the investigated region andthe Weddell Sea indicate the presence of only D multicostata Astocki C concentrica in common

Indian Ocean Data from the Indian Ocean demonstrate thatConiacian-Maastrichtian radiolaria are present in core-samplesfrom offshore Madagascar (Sanfilippo and Riedel 1974)TuronianSantonian radiolarians were described from chalkyrocks of Rotti Timor (Tan 1927) and Early Cretaceous -Paleogene radiolarians from the micro-continent of Buton (Soeka1992) central Java (Okamoto et al 1994) - Indonesia and fromthe Wharton Basin and Argo Abyssal Plain (Renz 1974)

Radiolarian assemblages from the biogeographic domains as dif-ferent as the Voronesh Anticline region and Java contain only afew cosmopolitan species in common - A gallowayi C universaC sphaerica

Atlantic Ocean Coniacian-Santonian () radiolaria of the AtlanticOcean are described offshore from the Bahamas (Pessagno 1969)in core-samples of 959 D and 962B Sites Leg 159 ODP the east-ern equatorial zone (Erbacher 1998) and near Barbados - Leg171B of JOIDES Resolution Sites 1049-1053 (Kroon et al 1998)A Campanian assemblage was discovered in cores of Site 95 Leg10 Gulf of Mexico (Foreman 1973) Sites 137 and 138 Leg 14DSDP (Petrushevskaya and Kozlova 1972) and Site 163 Leg 16DSDP (Dinkelman 1973) and in core-samples of Sites 367 and369 Legs 40 and 41 DSDP (Foreman 1977 1978) along the Afri-can coast

Coniacian-Santonian radiolarian assemblages of the AtlanticOcean contain from 10 to 12 species in common with theVoronesh Anticline region Among them are A stocki Cconcentrica C irwini D densicostata D multicostata Scommunis The absence of index-species of the biozonations pro-posed for the Atlantic Ocean Santonian-Campanian deposits byForeman (1975 1977) Sanfilippo and Riedel (1989) in theVoronesh Anticline assemblages did not allow direct correlationbetween the two regions

North America In North America the radiolarian-bearing depos-its of middle Albian to Santonian age have been reported fromonly one locality in Canada ndash the Colorado Group in Saskatche-wan (Simpson 1975) Coniacian Santonian and Campanianradiolaria have been discovered in several localities in the UnitedStates a) Corral Hollow Shale of the Tesla Quadrangle nearTesla California (Campbell and Clark 1944) b) Great Valley Se-quence Coast Ranges California (Pessagno 1973 1974 1976) c)Odanah Member Pierre Shale in Manitoba (Young and Moore1994) d) Pierre Shale in Colorado Kansas and Wyoming(Bergstresser 1983)

Our comparisons demonstrate the presence from 10 to 17 (de-pending on locality) species in common with assemblages fromCalifornia including A davisensis A bipartitum A salumi Cconcentrica C irwini C messinae C plana P davisi Plipmanae and P venadoensis etc This is close to the maximum af-finity observed of any radiolarian assemblages This similarity af-fected the choice of Alievium gallowayi an index-species ofradiolarian biozonation in California (Pessagno 1976 1977) as theindicator of a radiolarian zone of the Moscow Basin biostrati-graphic scale (Vishnevskaya 1993)

Caribbean region Campanian-Maastrichtian radiolaria were ob-served in many localities of this region (Riedel and Sanfilippo1970 1973 Sanfilippo and Riedel 1989) The on-land collectionscame from the Nicoya Complex (Shmidt-Effing 1979) and SantaElena Massive (Shmidt-Effing 1980) Loma Chumico Formation(Erlich et al 1996) Esperanza Unit (Baumgartner 1984b) andHerradura block (Baumgartner et al 2000 Popova et al 2000) ofCosta Rica

In Central and South America radiolarians have been discovered inPuerto Rico and Mexico (Pessagno 1962 1963 1969) in the SanAntonio Formation of Venezuela (Marcucci 1973 unpublishedthesis) in the Sergipe Basin of northeastern Brazil (Koutsoukos etal 1993) and in deposits of the Brazilian continental margin(Mello et al 1989) The correlation of Santonian-Campanianradiolarian assemblages from these localities of the Caribbean re-

8


gion and Central and Southern America demonstrate the presenceof a few cosmopolitan species with long chrononological range

Our comparison indicates the presence of cosmopolitan Astocki D multicostata D densicostata D multicostata Xasymbatos and P floresensis everywhere in deposits of thistime-interval A gallowayi A davisensis A bipartitum Dbrevithorax C concentrica C sphaerica A salumi C irwini Cplana P universa P californiaensis P davisi P lipmanae Pvenadoensis and S bertrandi are characteristic for Coniacian-Campanian deposits of the Voronesh Anticline region Japan andNorth America The presence of A gallowayi made correlationpossible between our and coeval zonal assemblage of Californiabut none of the index-species known from Santonian-Campanianbiozonations of Japan or the deep-sea standard scale were found inour collection

CONCLUSIONS

The first Upper Cretaceous assemblage of the VoroneshAnticline with P inokovkus A gallowayi P floresensis etc wasformed during Santonian time It is dominated by Spumellaria (31species) over Nassellaria (23 species) We recognized more than54 species It is very difficult to compare those assemblages withothers discovered in the same region and known from the literaturebecause the latter are not well described (Sycheva and Semenov1982) and represented only as a list of generic names Assem-blages deposited during the same interval have been describedfrom the Kuznetsk City region (Lipman 1952) Moscow Basin(Vishnevskaya 1993 Bragina 1994 Vishnevskaya and De Wever1998) and from the west-bank of the Volga River region (nearVolgograd City) (Bragina et al 1999) Correlation of assemblagesfrom afore mentioned regions with ones from the VoroneshAnticline shows some difference in their structure Thus theVoronesh Anticline assemblage contains only 47 of Spongo-and Porodiscida species which is different from that observed inassemblages from the neighboring localities In all those regionsthis number was between 65 to 85 In addition they containsome species belonging to Theocapsomma and Stichomitra whichwere not reported from the Moscow Basin localities and veryrarely reported from the Volga River region SpongodiscusArchaeospongoprunum and Porodiscus known to be indicators

of shallow water depositional settings prevail in assemblages ofboth latter regions

Preservation of microfauna is different as well The microfaunafrom Voronesh Anticline deposits is better preserved (see finesurface structure with short spines) than it is from otherlocalities

The second assemblage of the Voronesh Anticline with Praecono-caryomma californiensis Dictyomitra densicostata Archaeo-spongoprunum cf A salumi etc can be attributed to Santonian -early Campanian time It includes 53 species Spummellaria (35species) dominates over Nassellaria (18 species) The Santonian ndashEarly Campanian assemblage differs from Santonian due to a de-cline of total abundance of specimens and visible change in theirtaxonomic structure Poro- and Spongodiscida became less nu-merous and their presence was estimated as 45 out of all speci-mens in the second assemblage

The general conclusion based on both assemblages is that thepredominance of subtropical partly endemic elements indicatesan original setting that probably belonged to the northern part ofthe Tethyan Realm - Shallow Tethys The significant presenceof Poro- and Spongodiscida the absence of specimens with longand thin spines and with a thin shell wall could indicate relativelyshallow-water conditions

The Santonian-Campanian radiolarian fauna of the VoroneshAnticline region show its similarity to mid-high latitude faunafrom the Volga River region and Moscow Basin Correlationwith the Volgograd City region Moscow Basin and KuznetskCity region indicates the presence of 12 to 17 species in com-mon The affinity of our radiolarian assemblages to coeval onesfrom California and Japan is also remarkably close The numberof species in common is very much like it was for the short dis-tance correlations Correlation with collections from ocean bas-ins indicated the presence only cosmopolitan species Noindex-species from a standard biostratigraphic zonation (San-filippo and Riedel 1989) could be found in Voronesh Anticlineassemblages Thus no direct correlations with this scale havebeen made in this study Coeval radiolarian assemblages fromthe Southern hemisphere and Siberia contained only few com-

9


TABLE 2Biochronozonal subdivisions of the Russian Platform based on radiolarian data

mon species because they are either cosmopolitan with longranges (in Antarctic) or endemic (in Siberia)

The Santonian to early Campanian deposits of the VoroneshAnticline region formed during the transgressive phase of theTethyan Basin This was a time of progressive deepening of thesouthern part of the Russian Platform and Donbass Bassin (Naidinet al 1986) Traces of Late Santonian-Campanian transgressionhave been reported from Beotia (Steuber et al 1993) and wereobserved in Santonian deposits of the Norwegian Sea (Cecchi1997) as well In Europe the sea-level maximum was attainedin the Late Campanian (Hallam 1992)

SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTION

All identified species considered characteristic for the RussianPlatform have been illustrated (Plates 1-8) One endemic specieshas been provided with a complete description This was done be-cause the original description was published in a Russian book ofabstracts and is difficult to find nowadays Well-known speciespresent elsewhere in California the Mediterranean Siberia Atlan-tic and Pacific Oceans are given in alphabetic order and accompa-nied by information concerning their synonymy reported age anddistribution

The collection of samples slides and stubs is stored at the De-partment of Geology and Geophysics Texas A amp M Universityin College Station Texas USA

Genus Actinomma Haeckel 1862

Actinomma davisensis PessagnoPlate 5 figure 10 Plate 6 figure 14

Actinomma davisensis PESSAGNO 1976 p 43 pl 4 figs 14 15

Age and distribution Turonian California (Pessagno 1976)Santonian-early Campanian Kirsanovskaya Stratum RussianPlatform Inokovka Village well 19A interval 88m (this study)

Genus Alievium Pessagno 1972 emend Foreman 1973

Alievium gallowayi (White) sensu lato

Plate 4 figure 12

Baculogypsina () gallowayi WHITE 1928 p 305 pl 41 figs 9 10Alievium gallowayi (White) - PESSAGNO 1972 p 299 pl 25 figs 4-6

pl 26 fig 5 pl 31 figs 2 3 ndash FOREMAN 1975 p 613 pl 1D fig 23pl 5 fig 11 ndash PESSAGNO 1976 p 27 pl 8 fig 1314 pl 9 fig 1 ndashTAKETANI 1982 51 pl 10 fig 7

Age and distribution Santonian through Maastrichtian AtlanticIndian and Pacific Oceans Japan California Carribean regionBavaria and Cyprus (Sanfilippo and Riedel 1989 Hollis andKimura 2001) Santonian Kirsanovskaya Stratum Russian Plat-form Inokovka Village well 19A interval 175m (this study)

Remarks The surface structure of the specimen is not well pre-served but subtriangular shape of disc circular inner structure andthe circular shape of spines are characteristic for A gallowayitherefore the species name is given in sensu lato

Genus Amphipyndax Foreman 1966 emend Empson-Morin 19811982

Amphipyndax stocki (Campbell and Clark)Plate 3 figure 11 13 Plate 5 figure 6

Stichocapsa () stocki CAMPBELL and CLARK 1944 p 44 pl 18 figs31-33

Age and distribution Late Cretaceous-Paleocene world-wide spe-cies (Kozlova and Gorbovetz 1966 Foreman 1968 Dumitrica1970 1973 1975 Basov and Vishnevskaya 1991 Taketani 19821995 Vishnevskaya 1993 Vishnevskaya and De Wever 1998Hollis and Kimura 2001) Santonian - early Campanian Kirsanov-skaya Stratum Russian Platform Inokovka Village well 19A in-terval 180 - 88m (this study)

Amphipyndax sp aff A stocki (Campbell and Clark) morphotype AVishnevskayaPlate 5 figure 7

Amphipyndax stocki (Campbell and Clark) var A VISHNEVSKAYA1993 p 186 p 3 fig 10

Age and distribution (of Amphipyndax stocki morphotype A)Barremian-Aptian Russian Far East (Vishnevskaya 1993)Santonian - early Campanian Kirsanovskaya Stratum RussianPlatform Inokovka Village well 19A interval 88m (this study)

Remarks The shells of the specimens we observed are less strictlyconical than in the holotype

Amphipyndax mediocris TanPlate 1 figures 7 8 Plate 3 figure 12

Dictyomitra mediocris TAN 1927 p 55 pl 10 fig 82Dictyomitra uralica Gorbovetz - KOZLOVA and GORBOVETS 1966 p

116 pl VI figs 6 7Amphipyndax mediocris Tan - RENZ 1974 p 788 pl 5 figs 7-9 pl 12

fig 3 ndash SCHAAF 1981 p 465 pl 22 figs 7abAmphipyndax stocki (Campbell and Clark) var B- VISHNEVSKAYA

1987 p 53 pl 6 fig 1-5

Age and distribution Late Early to Late Cretaceous Pacific Atlan-tic and Indian Oceans (Renz 1974 Schaaf 1981) Late CretaceousKamchatka (Vishnevskaya 1987) Santonian Kirsanovskaya Stra-tum Russian Platform Inokovka Village well 19A interval168m (this study)

Archaeodictyomitra Pessagno

Archaeodictyomitra lamellicostata ForemanPlate 3 figures 7 8 Plate 5 figure 2 Plate 6 figure 6

Dictyomitra lamellicostata FOREMAN 1968 p 65 pl 7 figs 8a b ndashBAK 1999a p 144 fig 7 G-H L

Archaeodictyomitra lamellicostata (Foreman) ndash SANFILIPPO andRIEDEL 1989 p 599 fig 75 a-d ndash URQUHART and BANNER 1994p 509 fig 4 f ndash ISHIDA and HASHIMOTO 1998 p 225 pl 2 fig 1

Age and distribution Campanian through Maastrichtian Califor-nia Caribbean region Atlantic Japan Cyprus and Poland(Sanfilippo and Riedel 1989 Urquhart and Banner 1994 Ishidaand Hashimoto 1998 Bak 1999a) Santonian-early CampanianKirsanovskaya Stratum Southern Russia Inokovka Village well19A interval 88m (this study)Genus Archaeospongoprunum Pessagno 1973

Archaeospongoprunum bipartitum PessagnoPlate 2 figure 20 Plate 3 figure 10 Plate 4 figure 5

Archaeospongoprunum bipartitum PESSAGNO 1973 p 59 pl 11 figs4-6 ndash PESSAGNO 1976 p 33 pl 6 fig 3 TAKETANI 1982 p 48 pl2 figs 1a b pl 9 fig 8 ndash OKAMURA et al 1982 p 98 pl 15 figs 23VISHNEVSKAYA 1987 p 48 pl 3 figs 56 VISHNEVSKAYA1993 pl 5 figs 12 VISHNEVSKAYA 1996 pl 2 figs 2-4VISHNEVSKAYA and DE WEVER 1998 p 253 pl 2 figs 7-12

10


VISHNEVSKAYA 2001 p 150 pl 18 fig 56 pl 113 fig 7-9 pl 114fig 2-4pl 122 fig 23

Age and distribution Coniacian to Santonian California(Pessagno 1973 1976) Japan (Okamura et al 1982 Taketani1982) early Turonian northern Italy (Erbacher 1994) UpperCretaceous Bering Sea region of Russia (Vishnevskaya 1987)Santonian Sakhalin Island (ATLAS 1993) Coniacian-earlyCampanian of the Russian Platform (Vishnevskaya 1993Vishnevskaya and De Wever 1998) Santonian KirsanovskayaStratum Russian Platform Inokovka Village well 19A intervals100 and 175m

Archaeospongoprunum cf A salumi PessagnoPlate 3 figure 9 Plate 4 figure 1 Plate 5 figure 14

Archaeospongoprunum salumi PESSAGNO 1973 p 63 pl 13 figs 2 ndashPESSAGNO 1976 p 33 pl 11 figs 2-3 ndash AITA et al 1997 p 275 pl1 fig 1 ndash ISHIDA and HASHIMOTO 1998 p 225 pl 2 fig 21

Age and distribution early Campanian portion of Forbes Forma-tion (Dobbins Shale Stratum) California (Pessagno 1973) Sfossilis Zone Coniacian (Aita et al 1997) Campanian (Yamauchi1982 Ishida and Hashimoto 1998) Santonian - early CampanianKirsanovskaya Stratum Russian Platform Inokovka Village well19A intervals 88 and 168m Khotinets Village well 3 interval50m

Remarks The specimen is not well preserved

Genus Artostrobus Haeckel 1887 sensu Petrushevskaya 1971

Artostrobus sp aff Eucyrtidium microtheca EhrenbergPlate 1 figure 1 Plate 2 figure 12

cf Eucyrtidium microtheca EHRENBERG 1875 taf XI fig 10

Age and distribution Santonian Kirsanovskaya Stratum RussianPlatform Inokovka Village well 19A interval 168m

Remarks The specimens we observed are 15 times smaller thanthe holotype

Genus Cromyodruppa Haeckel 1887

Cromyodruppa concentrica LipmanPlate 2 figure 7

Cromyodruppa concentrica LIPMAN 1952 p 29 pl 1 figs 8-9 ndashLIPMAN 1962 p 287 pl 1 figs 1ab ndash KOZLOVA andGORBOVETZ 1966 p 62 pl 1 figs 1-4 ndash ATLAS1993 p 46 pl 20fig 7 ndash BRAGINA 1994 text-fig 16 ndash VISHNEVSKAYA and DEWEVER 1998 p 253 pl 2 fig 3

Phaseliforma concentrica (Lipman) - PESSAGNO 1976 p 26 pl 9 fig13

Cromyodruppa concentrica Lipman -FOREMAN 1978 p 742 pl 2 fig18 ndash LING and LAZARUS 1990 p 355 pl 1 figs 11-13 ndash AMON1990 p 62 pl 7 fig 3 ndash LING 1991 p 319 pl 1 fig 4

Comparison Cromyodruppa concentrica Lipman differs fromAmphibrachium concentricum Riedel and Sanfilippo by the spi-ral-concentric character of its inner structure

Age and distribution Cenomanian-Campanian world-wide inter-mediate (Russian and Siberian Platforms) and high paleolatitudes(sub-Antarctic Bering region) Turonian-Santonian of the RussianPlatform (Vishnevskaya and De Wever 1998) Santonian-earlyCampanian Kirsanovskaya Stratum Russian Platform InokovkaVillage well 19A interval 100 and 175m (this study)

Cromyodruppa sp aff C concentrica LipmanPlate 2 figure 18

Age and distribution Santonian Kirsanovskaya Stratum RussianPlatform Inokovka Village well 19A interval 168m (this study)

Remarks The outershell structure is different from the holotype

Genus Crucella Pessagno 1971

Crucella cf C irwini PessagnoPlate 7 figures 8 12

cf Crucella irwini - PESSAGNO 1971 p 55 pl 9 figs 4-6 ndash PESSAGNO1976 p 32 pl 3 figure 16 ndash ERBACHER 1994 p 373 pl 2 fig 29 ndashVISHNEVSKAYA and DE WEVER 1998 p 250 pl 3 figs 11-12 ndashVISHNEVSKAYA 2001 p 158 pl 115 figs 1112

Age and distribution Turonian to Coniacian of California(Pessagno 1976) Pacific (Basov and Vishnevskaya 1991) ItalyCyprus (Erbacher 1994) early Turonian (Kuhnt et al 1986)Turonian - early Santonian of the Russian Platform (Vishnevskayaand De Wever 1998) Santonian-early Campanian KirsanovskayaStratum Russian Platform Inokovka Village well 19A interval100m (this study)

Remarks The shell is poorly preserved

Crucella messinae PessagnoPlate 4 figure 13

Crucella messinae PESSAGNO 1971 p 55 pl 6 figs 1-3 ndash PESSAGNO1976 p 32 pl 1 figs 4 ndash FOREMAN 1975 p 612 pl 1D figs 8 9 pl5 fig 2 ndash TAKETANI 1982 p 50 pl 9 fig 17 ndash (not) KUHNT et al1986 pl 7 fig D ndash THUROW 1988 p 399 pl 5 fig 22 ndashKOUTSOUKOS and HART 1990 p 54 pl 2 fig 78 ndash ELLIS 1993 pl2 fig 1-4 ndash ERBACHER 1994 p 96 pl 2 fig 10 pl 12 fig 3 pl 10fig 15 pl 16 fig 12 ndash VISHNEVSKAYA 2001 p 158 pl 114 fig 10

Age and distribution Albian-Coniacian of California Japan andNorth Pacific (Pessagno 1971 1976 Foreman 1975 Taketani1982) Santonian-early Campanian Kirsanovskaya Stratum Rus-sian Platform Inokovka Village well 19A interval 100m (thisstudy)

Crucella plana PessagnoPlate 4 figure 8 Plate 5 figure 13

Crucella plana PESSAGNO 1971 p 56 pl 8 figs 5 6 ndash PESSAGNO1976 p 32 pl 7 fig 9

Age and distribution Late Turonian - Coniacian Yolo FormationCalifornia (Pessagno 1971) Santonian - early CampanianKirsanovskaya Stratum Southern Russia Inokovka Village well19A interval 88 and 175m

Remarks Histiastrum tumeniensis of Lipman 1952 p 36 pl 12figs 2-4 is very similar but it has a patagium The specimens withpatagium had been observed in the assemblage of an interval175m In our Tables 3 and 4 they are given under the nameHistiastrum tumeniensis Lipman

Genus Cryptamphorella Dumitrica 1970

Cryptamphorella sphaerica (White) sensu DumitricaPlate 1 figure 16 Plate 6 figure 11

Hemicryptocapsa sphaerica (White) - PESSAGNO 1963 p 206 pl I fig 3pl 5 figs 1 2 text-fig 4

Cryptamphorella sphaerica (White) - DUMITRICA 1970 p 82 pl XIIfigs 73ab 74a-c 75ab 77 pl XX figs 133 ab ndash NAKASEKO et al

11


1979 p 21 pl 8 figs 910 ndash OKAMOTO et al 1994 p 48 fig 5 DE ndashVISHNEVSKAYA 2001 p 159 pl 126 fig 10 pl 128 fig 1 pl 130fig 8

Age and distribution Lower Campanian of the Caribbean region(Pessagno 1963) Valea Mare Romania (Dumitrica 1970)Coniacian-Campanian Japan (Nakaseko et al 1979) CampanianCentral Java (Okamoto et al 1994) Santonian through EarlyMaastrichtian (Hollis and Kimura 2001) Santonian-earlyCampanian Kirsanovskaya Stratum Russian Platform InokovkaVillage well 19A interval 100 and 168m

Genus Cyrtocapsa Haeckel 1881 emend Campbell 1954

Cyrtocapsa campi Campbell and ClarkPlate 3 figures 18 19

Cyrtocapsa campi CAMPBELL and CLARK 1944 p 43 pl 8 figs 14-1720 ndash HOLLIS 1997 p 75 pl 20 figs 10-13

Stichomitra () campi -FOREMAN 1968 p 75 pl 8 figs 3a-c ndash JONSON1974 pl 1 fig 1112 ndash RENZ 1974 p 797 pl 11 fig 16 ndash TAKETANI1982 p 54 pl 3 figs 4ab YAMASAKI 1987 pl 2 fig 7

Stichomitra campi - HOLLIS 1991 p 132 pl 19 figs 15-18

Age and distribution Albian to Paleocene Southwest Pacific In-dian and Atlantic Oceans California (Hollis 1997) Santonian-early Campanian Kirsanovskaya Stratum Inokovka VillageSouthern Russia well 19A interval 100m

Genus Dictyomitra Zittel 1876 emend Pessagno 1976

Dictyomitra densicostata PessagnoPlate 6 figure 5 Plate 8 figure 4

Dictyomitra densicostata PESSAGNO 1976 p 51 pl 14 figs 10-1416 ndashVISHNEVSKAYA 1986 pl 1 fig 1 ndash VISHNEVSKAYA 1987 p 58pl 10 fig 7 TUMANDA 1989 p 36 pl 9 fig 5 BRAGINA 1994text-figs 26-7 ERBACHER 1998 p 372 pl 1 fig 4 ndashVISHNEVSKAYA and DE WEVER 1998 p 256 pl 3 fig 20VISHNEVSKAYA 2001 p 159 pl 7 fig 8 pl 20 fig 7 pl 116 fig 8pl 123 fig 24 pl 125 fig 35-38

Age and distribution Coniacian-Campanian of California(Pessagno 1976) Russian Pacific Rim (Vishnevskaya 19861987) Coniacian through Early Maastrichtian Japan (Hollis andKimura 2001) Santonian of the Russian Platform (Vishnevskayaand De Wever 1998) Santonian-early Campanian KirsanovskayaStratum Southern Russia Inokovka Village well 19A interval88-100m

Dictyomitra sp aff D densicostata PessagnoPlate 6 figure 4

Age and distribution Santonian-early Campanian KirsanovskayaStratum Southern Russia Inokovka Village well 19A interval100m

Remarks This specimen has fewer costae than the holotype

Dictyomitra lamellicostata ForemanPlate 6 figure 6

Dictyomitra lamellicostata - FOREMAN 1968 p 65 pl 7 fig 8a b ndashFOREMAN 1978 p 746 pl 4 figs 13 14

Age and distribution Campanian-Maastrichtian African Coast ofthe Atlantic Ocean and California (Foreman 1968 1978)Santonian-early Campanian Kirsanovskaya Stratum SouthernRussia Inokovka Village well 19A interval 88-100m

Dictyomitra multicostata ZittelPlate 4 figures 2 3 Plate 5 figures 1 3 4 Plate 6 figure 1 Plate8 figure 6

()Dictyomitra multicostata ZITTEL 1876 p 81 pl 2 figs 2-4Dictyomitra ex gr multicostata Zittel ndash ZHAMOIDA 1972p 118pl 16 fig

6 pl 18 figs 67non Dictyomitra multicostata Zittel ndash OrsquoDOGHERTY 1994 p 82 pl 4

figs 17-19Dictyomitra multicostata Zittel ndash PESSAGNO 1976 p 52 pl 14 figs 4-9

ndash HASHIMOTO and ISHIDA 1997 p 255 pl 2 fig 1 ndash ERBACHER1998 p 372 pl 1 fig 5 ndash BAK 1999a p 144 fig 7 I-K ndashVISHNEVSKAYA 2001 p 160 pl 94 fig 4-6

Age and distribution Upper Cretaceous Worldwide SantonianKirsanovskaya Stratum Southern Russia Inokovka Village well19A interval 168 175m (this study)

Genus Euchitonia Ehrenberg 1860

Euchitonia santonica LipmanPlate 2 figure 1 Plate 4 figure 6 Plate 7 figure 2 Plate 8 figure10

Euchitonia santonica LIPMAN 1952 pl 2 fig 3 ndash VISHNEVSKAYA1993 pl 5 fig 7 VISHNEVSKAYA 1996 pl 2 fig 11

Paronaella communis (Squinabol) ndash OrsquoDOGHERTY 1994 p 353 pl 66figs 10-11 (only)

Age and distribution Coniacian-early Campanian of Caucasus(Vishnevskaya 1993) and the Russian Platform (Vishnevskaya andDe Wever 1998) Early Turonian Umbria-Marche Apennines It-aly (OrsquoDogherty 1994) Santonian-early Campanian Kirsa-novskaya Stratum Southern Russia Inokovka Village well 19Ainterval 180-100m

Genus Flustrella Ehrenberg 1838

Flustrella cretacea Campbell and ClarkPlate 2 figure 22

Porodiscus (Trematodiscus) cretaceus CAMPBELL and CLARK 1944 p15 pl 6 fig 7

Porodiscus kavilkinensis (Aliev) ndash ALIEV and SMIRNOVA 1965 p 64pl 1 fig 4 4a

Porodiscus cretaceous Campbell and Clark ndash PETRUSHEVSKAYA andKOZLOVA 1972 p 525 pl 5 figs 6 7 ndash ATLAS 1993 p 47 pl 19fig 8 p 525 pl 5 figs 6 7

Flustrella cretacea (Campbell and Clark) - HOLLIS 1997 p 53 pl 10 fig-ure 10

Age and distribution Late Campanian California (Campbell andClark 1944) Albian Vladimir City region (Aliev and Smirnova1965) Campanian Ystrsquo-Manrsquoya Siberia (Kozlova and Gorbovets1966) Maastrichtian to early Paleocene Southwest Pacific (Hollis1997) Santonian-early Campanian Kirsanovskaya Stratum Rus-sian Platform Inokovka Village well 19A interval 168 and100m (this study)

Genus Hemicryptocapsa Tan 1927 emend Dumitrica 1970

Hemicryptocapsa spPlate 5 figure 15

Age and distribution Santonian-early Campanian KirsanovskayaStratum Russian Platform Inokovka Village well 19A interval88m (this study)

Hexadoridium () spPlate 3 figure 16

12


13


TABLE 3List of radiolarian taxa from the samples studied


Genus Histiastrum Ehrenberg 1847

Histiastrum aster LipmanPlate 1 figure 11 Plate 6 figure 13

Histiastrum aster LIPMAN 1952 p 35 pl 11 figs 6-7 ndash LIPMAN 1962p 300 pl 2 fig 5 KOZLOVA and GORBOVETZ 1966 p 84 pl 3 fig9 GOLTMAN 1983 p 221 pl XI fig 9 pl XII fig 9 ndash GORKA andGEROCH 1989 p 187 pl 3 fig 5 GORKA 1991 p 42 pl 2 fig 11URQUHART and BANNER 1994 p 509 fig 4 Y ndashVISHNEVSKAYA and WEVER 1998 p 252 pl 3 fig 10VISHNEVSKAYA 2001 p 163 pl 95 fig 4 pl 125 fig 11

Age and distribution Santonian-Campanian Kuznetsk areaPenzensk district Russian Platform (Lipman 1952) Santonian-Campanian of Poland (Gorka 1991) Campanian Cyprus (Ur-quhart and Banner 1994) and Turonian-Campanian of the RussianPlatform (Vishnevkaya and De Wever 1998) Santonian - earlyCampanian deposits Kirsanovskaya Stratum Russian PlatformInokovka Village well 19A interval 175 - 88m (this study)

Histiastrum aster Lipman morphotype APlate 1 figure 12 Plate 7 figure 8

Age and distribution Santonian-early Campanian KirsanovskayaStratum Southern Russia Khotinets Village well 3 interval50m

Remarks The holotype has no patagium

Histiastrum crux LipmanPlate 7 figure 5

Histiastrum crux LIPMAN 1952 p 34 pl 2 fig 4 ndash GOLTMAN 1983 p221 pl XI fig 10 pl XII fig 10

Age and distribution Campanian Kuznetsk area Penzensk dis-trict Russian Platform (Lipman 1952) Santonian KirsanovskayaStratum Russian Platform Inokovka Village well 19A interval168m (this study)

Histiastrum irregularis LipmanPlate 2 figure 2 Plate 6 figure 9

Histiastrum irregulare LIPMAN 1952 p 35 pl 2 fig 9

Age and distribution Campanian Kuznetsk area Penzensk dis-trict Russian Platform (Lipman 1952) Santonian - earlyCampanian Kirsanovskaya Stratum Russian Platform InokovkaVillage well 19A interval 168 and 100m (this study)

Histiastrum membraniferum LipmanPlate 7 figure 1

Histiastrum membraniferum LIPMAN 1952 p 36 pl 2 fig 8 ndashVISHNEVSKAYA and DE WEVER 1998 p 252 pl 2 figs 14 15 1819 pl 3 fig 3

Crucella membraniferum (Lipman) ndash VISHNEVSKAYA 1993 pl 5 figs4 5 ndash VISHNEVSKAYA 1996 pl 2 figs 5-8 2001 p 163 pl 114 fig5-8 pl 115 fig 3

Age and distribution Campanian Kuznetsk area Penzensk dis-trict (Lipman 1952) Coniacian-Santonian of Moscow basin(Vishnevskaya and De Wever 1998) both data from the RussianPlatform Santonian - early Campanian Kirsanovskaya StratumRussian Platform Inokovka Village well 19A interval 100m(this study)

Genus Lithocampe Ehrenberg 1838 emend Haeckel 1862

Lithocampe marinae GorbovetzPlate 2 figure 13

Lithocampe marinae Gorbovetz ndash KOZLOVA and GORBOVETZ 1966p 118 pl 5 figs 10-11 ndash VISHNEVSKAYA and DE WEVER 1998p 257 pl 3 fig 22 ndash VISHNEVSKAYA 2001 p 166 pl 116 fig 9

Lithocampe sp aff L marinae Gorbovetz ndash DUMITRICA 1973 p 789 pl6 fig 2 pl 8 fig 7

Age and distribution Santonian-Campanian of West Siberia(Kozlova and Gorbovetz 1966) uppermost Cretaceous of PacificOcean (Dumitrica 1973) Santonian of the Russian Platform(Vishnevskaya and De Wever 1998) Santonian KirsanovskayaStratum Southern Russia Inokovka Village well 19A interval168m (this study)

Genus Lithatractus Haeckel 1887

Lithatractus pusillus (Campbell and Clark)Plate 4 figure 4

Stylosphaera pusilla CAMPBELL and CLARK 1944 p 5 pl 1 figs 2 4 5Druppatractus sp A - FOREMAN 1977 pl 1 fig 3Elipsoxiphus pusilla (Campbell and Clark) ndash FOREMAN 1978 p 743 pl

2 figs 91017Praestylosphaera sp aff P pusilla - EMPSON-MORIN 1981 p 262 pl

4 fig 6Lithatractus pusillus (Campbell and Clark) ndash TAKETANI 1982 p 48 pl

1 figs 8ab pl 9 figs 5 6

Age and distribution Coniacian-Campanian Pacific and AtlanticOceans Japan California (Foreman 1977 1978 Empson-Morin1981 Taketani 1982) Santonian-early Campanian KirsanovskayaStratum Southern Russia Inokovka Village well 19A interval100m

Genus Lithostrobus Buumltschli 1882

Lithostrobus rostovzevi LipmanPlate 2 figure 11 Plate 7 figure 10

Lithostrobus rostovzevi LIPMAN 1960 p 133 pl XXXII figs 1-10 ndashLIPMAN 1962 p 311 pl III figs 7-12 ndash KOZLOVA andGORBOVETS 1966 p 115 pl V figs 7-9 ndash VISHNEVSKAYA 2001p 166 pl 116 fig 2

Age and distribution Coniacian-Campanian of West Siberia(Lipman 1960 Kozlova and Gorbovetz 1966) and Santonian-early Campanian of the Russian Platform (Vishnevskaya and DeWever 1998) Santonian-early Campanian Kirsanovskaya Stra-tum Southern Russia Inokovka Village well 19A interval100-168m

Genus Paronaella Pessagno 1971

Paronaella communis SquinabolPlate 6 figure 8

Spongotripus communis SQUINABOL 1903 p 123 pl 9 fig 7Paronaella communis (Squinabol) ndash OrsquoDOGHERTY 1994 p 353 pl 66

fig 16 (only)

Age and distribution Turonian Northern Apennines Italy(OrsquoDogherty 1994) Santonian-early Campanian KirsanovskayaStratum Southern Russia Inokovka Village well 19A interval100m

14


15


TABLE 4Radiolarian Assemblages characteristic for Santonian and Santonian-Early Campanian deposits of the Voronesh Anticline region

Genus Patulibracchium Pessagno 1971

Patulibrachium davisi PessagnoPlate 2 figure 16 23

Patulibrachium davisi PESSAGNO 1971 p 30-31 pl 1 figs 1-4 ndashPESSAGNO 1976 p 30 pl 1 fig 7 pl 18 figs 1-2 ndash THUROW andKUHNT 1986 p 436 fig 9 (17)

Patulibrachium petroleumense Pessagno - VISHNEVSKAYA and DEWEVER 1998 p 248 pl 3 fig 4

Age and distribution Lower to Upper Cenomanian Rotaformahessi Zone Fiske Creek Formation (Pessagno 1976) TuronianMonaco (Thurow and Kuhnt 1986) Coniacian-Campanian (forPatulibrachium petroleumense Pessagno) Russian Platform(Vishnevskaya and De Wever 1998) Santonian-CampanianKirsanovskaya Stratum Russian Platform Khotinets Village well3 interval 50m

Remarks The drawing of Rhopalastrum attenuatum Lipman(1952 p 37 pl 3 fig 2) is very similar to the image ofPatulibrachium davisi Pessagno but it is difficult to decidewhether they are synonyms or not without seeing the holotype ofR attenuatum

Patulibracchium sp aff P ruesti PessagnoPlate 5 figure 11

cf Patulibracchium ruesti PESSAGNO 1971 p 38 pl 6 fig 7 pl 8figs 1-4

Age and distribution (of Patulibracchium ruesti) Late Turonian-Coniacian Yolo Formation California (Pessagno 1971) Coni-acian Alievium praegallowayi Zone Marsh Creek Yolo and SitesFormations (Pessagno 1976) (of Patulibracchium sp aff Pruesti) Santonian - early Campanian Kirsanovskaya StratumRussian Platform Inokovka Village well 19A interval 88m (thisstudy)

Remarks all speciments observed were been broken

Patulibracchium sp aff P ungulae PessagnoPlate 4 figure 9

cf Patulibracchium ungulae PESSAGNO 1971 p 44-45 pl 7 figs 3-5

Age and distribution (of Patulibracchium ungulae) MiddleTuronian-Coniacian Yolo Formation California (Pessagno 1971)Coniacian Alievium praegallowayi Zone (Marsh Creek) Yolo andSites Formations (Pessagno 1976) (of Patulibracchium sp aff Pungulae) Santonian-early Campanian Kirsanovskaya StratumRussian Platform Inokovka Village well 19A interval 100 m(this study)

Remarks The specimens we observed had no main long spine atthe end of its rays

Genus Pentinastrum Haeckel 1881

Pentinastrum subbotinae LipmanPlate 2 figure 3 Plate 6 figure 12

Pentinastrum subbotinae Lipman - GLAZUNOVA et al 1960 p 132 plXXX figs 6-7 ndash LIPMAN 1962 p 306 pl II figs 7

Age and distribution Coniacian-Campanian Tuymen (Glazunovaet al 1960) Late Coniacian-Santonian Volgograd City area(Bragina et al 1999) Santonian-early Campanian KirsanovskayaStratum Southern Russia Inokovka Village well 19A interval168 and 88m

Genus Pessagnobrachia Kozur and Mostler 1978

Pessagnobrachia sp aff P fabianii SquinabolPlate 1 figure 22 Plate 7 figure 6

cf Rhopalastrum fabianii SQUINABOL 1914 p 274 pl 21 fig 4Rhopalastrum ingens LIPMAN 1952 p 36 pl 3 fig 1

16


PLATE 1Transmitted light photomicrographs of radiolarians from well 19A interval 168m

Santonian Kirsanovskaya Stratum Inokovka Village scale A = 100microm

1 Artostrobus sp aff A microtheca Ehrenberg

2 Theocapsomma sp aff T amphora Campbell andClark

3 Theocapsomma amphora Campbell and Clark

4 Theocampe ex gr T apicata Foreman

5 Eucyrtis () sp

6 Theocampe lispa Foreman

78 Amphipyndax mediocris Tan

9 Cenosphaera sp

10 Spongodisciidae gen sp indet

11 Histiastrum aster Lipman

12 Histiastrum aster Lipman morphotype A

13 Pseudoaulophacus floresensis Pessagno

14 Spongopyle insolita Kozlova

15 Spongodiscus volgensis Lipman

16 Cryptamphorella sphaerica (White)

17 Eucyrtidiidae gen sp indet

18 Squinabolella () sp

1920 Praeconocaryomma universa Pessagno

21 Stylodictya delicatula Lipman

22 Pessagnobrachia sp aff P fabianii (Squinabol)

micropaleontology vol 51 no 1 2005 17

Irina Popova-Goll et al Plate 1

Patulibracchium cf P teslaensis Pessagno - MARCUCCI-PASSERINIand GARDIN 1992 p 554 fig 4 (j)

Pessagnobrachia fabianii (Squinabol) - OrsquoDOGHERTY 1994 p 359 pl67 figs 20 21 23-25

Age and distribution (of Pessagnobrachia fabianii) Albian -Turonian (OrsquoDogherty 1994) Santonian - Campanian (Marcucci-Passerini and Gardin 1992) (of Pessagnobrachia sp aff Pfabianii) Santonian Kirsanovskaya Stratum Southern RussiaInokovka Village well 19A interval 168m (this study)

Remarks this species had previously been observed in frag-ments only

Genus Phacostylus Haeckel 1887

Phacostylus inokovkus Popova Plate 6 figures 8 9

Phacostylus inokovkus POPOVA 2000 p 60 figs 1 2

Description The test is large the outline of shell is round len-til-like bearing two polar spines and slightly asymmetrical in re-lation to an axe of a main spines Inside it is subdivided into 5-6(rarely 7-8) lattice shells connected by numerous ray-like spinesOne is visibly larger then the other The outer shell is smooth per-forated by small round pores in transmitted light the bottom partof each polar spine is spongy and surrounded by short and thinneedles

Comparison It differs from Phacostylus amphistylus Haeckel(1887 p 430 pl 31 fig 12) P vicinus Kozlova (Kozlova andGorbovets 1966 p 69 pl XI fig 3) P ovechkini Lipman (1967p 96 pl III figs 1-3) P acutus Lipman (1967 p 96 pl III fig4-6) by a number of lattice shells (3 - P amphistylus et al and 5 to

8 - P inokovkus) and by spongy structure and conical shape of thepolar spinersquos basements in P inokovkus

Dimensions (in microm) Shell diameter 250-300 diameter of the firstinner shell 25-30 distance between shells vary from 5-7(subsurface chambers) to 10-15 (central)

Age and distribution Santonian Kirsanovskaya Stratum RussianPlatform Inokovka Village well 19A interval 175 - 180m

Material Five specimens The holotype is stored at the Geologyand Geophysics Department of the Texas A amp M UniversityUSA

Remarks The image of Spongodiscus sp (Bragina et al 1999 p498 pl II fig 2) is look similar to P inokovkus

Description and figures are the same as in Popova (2000)

Phacostylus sp morphotype APlate 4 figure 14


Remarks we observed only one specimen in our collection andthis latter had no second polar spine

Genus Porodiscus Haeckel 1882

Porodiscus vulgaris LipmanPlate 2 figure 6

Porodiscus vulgaris LIPMAN 1952 p 32 pl 1 fig 18 ndash GLAZUNOVAet al 1960 p 124 pl 27 figs 6-10 ndash LIPMAN 1962 p 288 pl 1 figs4ab 5 ndash KOZLOVA and GORBOVETS 1966 p 77 pl 2 figs 4-6

18



Santonian Kirsanovskaya Stratum Inokovka Village scales A B = 100microm

1 Euchitonia santonica Lipman

2 Histiastrum irregularis Lipman

3 Pentinastrum sp aff P subbotinae Lipman

4 Staurodictya () sp

5 Ultranapora () sp

6 Porodiscus vulgaris Lipman

7 Cromyodruppa concentrica Lipman

8 Spongodiscid gen et sp indet well 3 near theKhotonets Village interval 100m scale B

9 Theocapsomma brevithorax Dumitrica


11 Lithostrobus rostovzevi Lipman


13 Lithocampe cf L marinae Gorbovets


1519 Praeconocaryomma cf P lipmanae Pessagno well19 A interval 100m

1623 Patulibracchium cf P davisi Pessagno well 3 nearKhotinets Village interval 50 m fig 23 - scale B

17 Spiromultitunica () sp

18 Cromyodruppa sp aff C concentrica Lipman

2021 Bathropyramis () sp

22 Flustrella cretacea Campbell and Clark



Age and distribution Upper Cretaceous of Russia (Lipman 19521960 1962 1967) Santonian-early Campanian KirsanovskayaStratum Southern Russia Inokovka Village well 19A interval168-100m (this study)

Genus Praeconocaryomma Pessagno 1976

Praeconocaryomma californiaensis PessagnoPlate 3 figures 5 6 Plate 6 figure 10

Praeconocaryomma californiaensis PESSAGNO 1976 p 41 pl 7 figs1-8 ndash TAKETANI 1982 p 47 pl 1 figs 2a-c

Age and distribution Coniacian-middle Campanian Yolo Sitesand Marsh Creek Formations California (Pessagno 1976) LateConiacian-Santonian Volgograd City area (Bragina et al 1999)Santonian-early Campanian Kirsanovskaya Stratum SouthernRussia Inokovka Village well 19A interval 100-88m (thisstudy)

Praeconocaryomma cf P lipmanae PessagnoPlate 2 figures 15 19

cf Praeconocaryomma lipmanae PESSAGNO 1976 p 41 pl 4 figs12-13 ndash TAKETANI 1982 p 47 pl 9 fig 3

Age and distribution Upper Cenomanian to Lower Turonian up-per part of the Fiske Creek Formation Venado Formation andMarsh Creek Formation California (Pessagno 1976) Santonian-early Campanian Kirsanovskaya Stratum Southern RussiaInokovka Village well 19A interval 100m (this study)

Remarks The drawing of Cenosphaera mammilata Lipman(1952 p 28 pl 1 figure 34) is very similar to image ofPraeconocaryomma lipmanae Pessagno but it is difficult to de-cide whether they are synonyms or not without an examination oftheir holotypes

P cf P lipmanae was discovered in Pieniny Succession of PolishCarpathians (Bak 1999b) but because of its poor preservation (p

108 fig 9 4) the comparison with those from Voronesh Anticlineregion was done according to their formal resemblance

Praeconocaryomma universa PessagnoPlate 1 figure 19 20 Plate 6 figure 14

Praeconocaryomma universa PESSAGNO 1976 p 42 pl 6 figs 14-16 ndashTAKETANI 1982 p 47 pl 1 figs 3a-4 ndash VISHNEVSKAYA 2001 p179 pl 21 fig 3 pl 24 fig 1 pl 97 fig 1 pl 113 fig 5 pl 125 fig 12pl 126 fig 1

Age and distribution Upper Cenomanian to Lower Turonian up-per part of the Fiske Creek Formation Venado Formation andMarsh Creek Formation California (Pessagno 1976) Coniacianthrough Early Maastrichtian (Hollis and Kimura 2001)Santonian-early Campanian Kirsanovskaya Stratum SouthernRussia Inokovka Village well 19A interval 100-80m (thisstudy)

Remarks P universa was discovered in the Pieniny Succession ofPolish Carpathians (Bak 1999b) but because of its poor preserva-tion (p 108 fig9 5) the correlation with the ones from VoroneshAnticline region was made according to their formal resemblance

Praeconocaryomma cf P vivenkensis (Lipman)Plate 5 figure 9

cf Cromyosphaera vivenkensis - LIPMAN 1967 p 92-93 pl 1 figs 1-9pl 2 figs 1-4 ndash ZHAMOIDA 1972 p 103-104 pl 14 fig 1 pl 15 figs2-3 pl 17 figs 7-9 pl 19 figs 2 a b ndash VISHNEVSKAYA 1987 p 43pl 1 figs 1-6 1997 fig 5a 15

Age and distribution Late Cretaceous-Paleogene northernKamchatka (Vishnevskaya 1987) Santonian - early CampanianKirsanovskaya Stratum Southern Russia Inokovka Village well19A intervals 88 and 175m (this study)

Remarks broken specimen

20


PLATE 3Transmitted light photomicrographs of radiolarians from well 19A interval 100m (except 9 10)

Santonian - early Campanian Kirsanovskaya Stratum Inokovka Village scales A B = 100microm

1 Triactoma () sp

2 Xitus asymbatos (Foreman)

3 Staurodictya sp aff S densa Kozlova

4 Phacostylus () sp

56 Praeconocaryomma californiaensis Pessagno

78 Dictyomitra lamellicostata Foreman

9 Archaeospongoprunum salumi Pessagno interval168 m

10 Archaeospongoprunum cf A bipartitum Pessagnointerval 168 m

1113 Amphipyndax stocki (Campbell and Clark)


14 Actinomiidae gen et sp indet scale B

15 Lithelius sp

16 Alievium () sp


1819 Cyrtocapsa campi Campbell and Clark



Genus Pseudoaulophacus Pessagno 1963 emend Pessagno 1972

Pseudoaulophacus floresensis PessagnoPlate 1 figure 13 Plate 8 figure 11

Pseudoaulophacus floresensis PESSAGNO 1963 p 200 pl 2 figs 2 5pl 4 fig 6 pl 7 figs 1 5 ndash FOREMAN 1971 p 1675 pl 2 fig 6 ndashPESSAGNO 1972 p 309-310 pl 27 figs 2-6 ndash MOORE 1973 p 824pl 12 fig 23 ndash PESSAGNO 1976 p 28 pl 9 fig 6 ndash OKAMURA1980 pl 23 fig 3 ndash YAMAUCHI 1982 pl 3 fig 4 ndash OKAMURA et al1984 p 100 pl 15 fig 8 ndash SANFILIPPO and RIEDEL 1985 p 595figs 63a-b ndash YAMASAKI 1987 pl 2 fig 21 ndash GORKA 1989 p 336pl 10 fig 6 ndash BAK 1999a p 143 fig 4 K-M ndash VISHNEVSKAYA2001 p 180 pl 18 fig 3 pl 98 fig 7

Age and distribution Turonian-Coniacian (rarely up toCampanian) of California Cuba (Pessagno 1976) Santonian-Campanian of Japan (Okamura et al 1982 Yamasaki 1987 Iwataet al 1992 Takahashi and Ishii 1997 Hashimoto and Ishida 1997Hollis and Kimura 2001) Campanian through Maastrichtian(Sanfilippo and Riedel 1989) Coniacian-early Campanian of theRussian Platform Turonian-Santonian of Bering Sea region ofRussia (Vishnevskaya 1987) Coniacian of Sakhalin (AT-LAS1993) Turonian of Caucasus (Vishnevskaya 1993) Upper-most Maastrichtian Magura nappe Czech Outer Carpathians (Bak1999a) Santonian Kirsanovskaya Stratum Southern RussiaInokovka Village well 19A interval 175m (this study)

Pseudoaulophacus cf P venadoensis PessagnoPlate 4 figure 10 11

cf Pseudoaulophacus venadoensis PESSAGNO 1972 p 311-312 pl 28figs 1-3 ndash PESSAGNO 1976 p 29 pl 5 fig 12 ndash VISHNEVSKAYA2001 p 182 pl 18 fig 4

Age and distribution (of Pseudoaulophacus venadoensis)Turonian Venado Formation (Pessagno 1972) Coniacian -Santonian Yolo Sites Funks Guinda Marsh Creek and BuddenCanyon Formations (Pessagno 1976) Santonian-early Camp-anian Kirsanovskaya Stratum Southern Russia Inokovka Vil-lage well 19A interval 100m

Remarks This species differs from the holotype by the absence ofa keel

Genus Spongodiscus Ehrenberg 1854

Spongdiscus volgensis LipmanPlate 1 figure 15

Spongdiscus volgensis LIPMAN 1952 p 38 pl III fig 4 ndashGLAZUNOVA et al 1960 p 133 pl XXX1 figs 1-4 LIPMAN 1962p 308 pl III figs 2 3 KOZLOVA and GORBOVETS 1966 p 86 plIV figs 6 7

Age and distribution Coniacian-Campanian Russian PlatformTuymen (Lipman 1952 Glazunova et al 1960) SantonianKirsanovskaya Stratum Russian Platform Inokovka Village well19A interval 168m (this study)

Spongopyle Dreyer 1889

Spongopyle insolita KozlovaPlate 1 figure 14 Plate 2 figure 10

Spongopyle insolita Kozlova in KOZLOVA and GORBOVETS 1966 p91 pl IV fig 11 a b ndash SCHAAF 1981 p 439 pl 17 figs 78

Spongopyle cf S insolita HOLLIS 1997 p 51 pl 10 fig 9

Age and distribution Campanian Western Siberia (Kozlova andGorbovets 1966) Albian Hess Rise sites 465 466 (Schaaf 1981)Paleocene North Atlantic (Nishimura 1992) Campanian south-west Pacific (Hollis 1997) Santonian-early Campanian Kirsanov-skaya Stratum Russian Platform Inokovka Village well 19A in-terval 175 and 100m (this study)

Spongotripus Haeckel 1881

Spongotripus aculeatus LipmanPlate 7 figure 4

Spongotripus aculeatus LIPMAN 1952 p 39 pl II fig 16

Age and distribution Turonian-Coniacian of Russian Plate(Lipman 1952) Santonian - early Campanian KirsanovskayaStratum Russian Platform Inokovka Village well 19A interval100m (this study)

22


PLATE 4Transmitted light photomicrographs of radiolarians from well 19A interval 100m (except 12-14 interval 175m)


1 Archaeospongoprunum salumi Pessagno

23 Dictyomitra multicostata Zittel

4 Lithatractus pusillus Campbell and Clark

5 Archaeospongoprunum bipartitum Pessagno


7 Pentinastrum subbotinae Lipman

8 Crucella plana Pessagno

9 Patulibracchium sp aff P ungulae Pessagno

1011 Pseudoaulophacus cf P venadoensis Pessagno fig11 scale B

12 Alievium gallowayi (White) sl interval 175mSantonian

13 Crucella messinae Pessagno interval 175mSantonian

14 Phacostylus sp interval 175m Santonian



Staurodictya Haeckel 1881 emend Kozlova (Koslova andGorbovets 1966)

Staurodictya sp aff S densa KozlovaPlate 3 figure 3

cf Staurodictya densa Kozlova ndash KOZLOVA and GORBOVETS 1966p 79 pl XIII figs 1 2

Age and distribution (of Staurodictya densa) Late Eocene Kur-gan-Lebyashie well 25-K Western Siberia (Kozlova andGorbovets 1966) (of Staurodictya sp aff S densa) Santonian-early Campanian Kirsanovskaya Stratum Southern RussiaInokovka Village well 19A interval 100m (this study)

Remarks The holotype has one level less in its spiral chamberedlattice shell and its disc is therefore thicker than it is in specimensfrom the Russian Platform Some specimens we observed werelook similar to Staurodictya () sp (Kozlova and Gorbovets 1966pl 4 fig 2) described from Campanian deposits of Yst-ManiaWestern Siberia

Stichomitra Cayeux 1897

Stichomitra bertrandi CayeuxPlate 8 figure 1

Stichomitra bertrandi CAYEUX 1897 p 204 pl 8 fig 69 ndash HOLLIS1997 p 77 pl 20 figs 6-9

Stichomitra compsa Foreman - FOREMAN 1968 p 72 pl 5 fig 3 ndashDUMITRICA 1973 p 789 pl 1 fig 4 pl 8 fig 6 ndash FOREMAN 1978p 748 pl 8 fig 8ab ndash KOZLOVA 1984 table 1 STRONG et al 1995p 205

Stichomitra communis Squinabol - TAKETANI 1982 p 54 pl 3 fig 9pl 11 fig 5 ndash IWATA and TAJIKA 1986 pl 1 fig 6 ndash IWATA et al1992 pl 5 figs 10 11 ndash BRAGINA 1999 p 47 fig 28

Age and distribution Late Cretaceous France (Cayeux 1897)Widely distributed in the Late Cretaceous also possibly occurs inPaleocene in California Hokkaido Volga region in south-westPacific it ranges from Maastrichtian to early Paleocene (Hollis1997) Early Campanian of Japan (Hollis and Kimura 2001)Santonian Kirsanovskaya Stratum Southern Russia InokovkaVillage well 19A interval 175m (this study)

Stichomitra carnegiense Campbell and ClarkPlate 6 figs 3 5

Stichomitra carnegiense CAMPBELL and CLARK1944 p 42 pl 8 figs36 37 ndash HOLLIS 1997 p 78 pl 19 figs 7-12

Age and distribution Late Campanian ndash Early Maastrichtian of Ja-pan (Hollis and Kimura 2001) Santonian Kirsanovskaya StratumSouthern Russia Inokovka Village well 19A interval 175m (thisstudy)

Stylodictya Ehrenberg 1847 emend Kozlova (Kozlova and Gorbo-vets 1966)

Stylodictya delicatula LipmanPlate 1 figure 21

Stylodictya delicatula LIPMAN 1952 p 33 pl 1 figs 19-20

Age and distribution Turonian-Coniacian of Russian Plate(Lipman 1952) Santonian Kirsanovskaya Stratum Southern Rus-sia Inokovka Village well 19A interval 168m (this study)

Stylotrochus Haeckel 1862

Stylotrochus polygonatus Campbell and ClarkPlate 5 figure 16

Stylotrochus (Stylotrochiscus) polygonatus CAMPBELL and CLARK1944 p 19 pl 5 figs 21011

Age and distribution Coniacian-Maastrichtian of California(Campbell and Clark 1944) Santonian - early CampanianKirsanovskaya Stratum Russian Platform Inokovka Village well19A interval 88m (this study)

Genus Thanarla Pessagno 1977

Thanarla veneta SquinabolPlate 7 figure 7

Phormocyrtis veneta - SQUINABOL 1903 p 134 pl 9 fig 30Thanarla veneta (Squinabol) - OrsquoDOGHERTY 1994 p 92 pl 6 figs 1-4

24


PLATE 5SEM photomicrographs of radiolarians from well 19A interval 88m

Santonian-early Campanian Kirsanovskaya Stratum Inokovka Village



5 Gorgansium sp


7 Amphipyndax spaff A stocki (Campbell and Clark)

morphotype A


9 Praeconocaryomma cf P vivenkensis (Lipman)

10 Actinomma davisensis Pessagno

11 Patulibracchium sp aff P ruesti Pessagno

12 Triactiscus triacuminatus Lipman


14 Archaeospongoprunum cf A salumi Pessagno

15 Hemicryptocapsa sp

16 Stylotrochus polygonatus Campbell and Clark



Age and distribution Albian - Late Turonian Northern Apen-nines Italy (OrsquoDogherty 1994) Santonian-early CampanianKirsanovskaya Stratum Southern Russia Inokovka Village well19A interval 100m (this study)

Genus Theocampe Haeckel 1887 emend Burma 1959

Theocampe sp ex gr T apicata ForemanPlate 1 figure 4

cf Theocampe apicata Foreman ndashFOREMAN 1971 p 1679 pl 4 fig C

Age and distribution (of Theocampe apicata) Atlantic OceanCampanian-Maastrichtian (Foreman 1978) Santonian Kirsanov-skaya Stratum Southern Russia Inokovka Village well 19A in-terval 168m (this study)

Remarks The shape of shell is not triangular and it is differentfrom the holotype but it looks like Theocapsomma apicata Fore-man (1978 p 745 pl 5 fig 28)

Theocampe lispa ForemanPlate 1 figure 6

Theocapsomma lispa FOREMAN 1968 p 746 pl 5 fig 29

Age and distribution Atlantic Ocean Campanian-Maastrichtian(Foreman 1978) Santonian Kirsanovskaya Stratum SouthernRussia Inokovka Village well 19A interval 168m (this study)

Genus Theocapsomma Haeckel 1887 emend Foreman 1968

Theocapsomma amphora Campbell and ClarkPlate 1 figure 3 Plate 7 figure 11

Theocapsa (Theocapsomma) amphora CAMPBELL and CLARK 1944 p35 pl 7 figs 30 31

Age and distribution (for T amphora) Campanian to PaleoceneCalifornia Atlantic and Southwest Pacific Oceans (Hollis 1997)Santonian-early Campanian Kirsanovskaya Stratum SouthernRussia Khotinets Village well 3 interval 50m Inokovka Villagewell 19A interval 168-88m (this study)

Theocapsomma sp aff T amphora Campbell and ClarkPlate 1 figure 2 Plate 3 figure 17

Age and distribution Santonian - early Campanian Chernetov-skaya Formation Southern Russia Khotinets Village well 3 in-terval 50m Santonian - early Campanian Kirsanovskaya StratumInokovka Village well 19A interval 100m (this study)

Remarks This specimen differs from the holotype by its cylin-dric-like shape and smaller size of the third segment

Theocapsomma sp aff T brevithorax Dumitrica

Plate 2 figure 9

cf Diacanthocapsa brevithorax DUMITRICA 1970 p 62 pl VII fig41

Age and distribution (of T brevithorax) Cenomanian (PoduDimbovitei) very rare in lower Campanian (Valea Mare Covasnadistrict) (Dumitrica 1970) Albian-Coniacian Japan (Nakaseko etal 1979) Albian-Cenomanian Umbria-Marche Apennines Italy(OrsquoDogherty 1994) Santonian Kirsanovskaya Stratum SouthernRussia Inokovka Village well 19A interval 168m (this study)

Remarks no costae-like surface structure observed

Genus Triactiscus Haeckel 1881

Triactiscus triacuminatus LipmanPlate 5 figure 12

Triactiscus triacuminatus - LIPMAN 1952 p 31 pl 1 fig 17Euchitonia triradiata LIPMAN 1960 p 302 pl 2 figs 1-2 ndash

VISHNEVSKAYA and DE WEVER 1998 p 253 pl 3 fig 5

Age and distribution Santonian-Campanian of Kyznetsk areaPenzensk district of West Siberia (Lipman 1952 1960) andConiancian-Santonian of the Russian Platform (Vishnevskaya andDe Wever 1998) Santonian-early Campanian KirsanovskayaStratum Russian Platform Inokovka Village well 19A interval88m (this study)

26


PLATE 6SEM photomicrographs of radiolarians from well 19A interval 88 - 100m

Santonian - early Campanian Kirsanovskaya Stratum Inokovka Village

1 Dictyomitra multicostata Zittel (interval 88m)

23 Xitus asymbatos Foreman (interval 100m)

4 Dictyomitra sp aff D densicostata Pessagno (inter-val 100m)

5 Dictyomitra densicostata Pessagno (interval 100m)

6 Dictyomitra lamellicostata Foreman (interval100m)

7 Histiastrum sp (fragment of ray) (interval 88m)

8 Paronaella communis (Squinabol) (interval 100m)

9 Histiastrum irregularis Lipman (interval 100m)

10 Praeconocaryomma californiaensis Pessagno (inter-val 88m)

11 Cryptamphorella sphaerica (White) (interval 100m)

12 Pentinastrum subbotinae Lipman (interval 88m)

13 Histiastrum aster Lipman (interval 88m)

14 Praeconocaryomma universa Pessagno (interval88m)



Genus Xitus Pessagno 1977

Xitus asymbatos (Foreman)Plate 2 figure 2 Plate 6 figures 2 3

Stichomitra asymbatos FOREMAN 1968 p 73 pl 8 figs 10a-c ndashRIEDEL and SANFILIPPO 1974 p 780 pl 10 figs 1-4 pl 15 fig 5 ndashYAMAUCHI 1982 p 397 pl 5 fig 8 ndash IWATA and TAJIKA 1986 pl2 figs 11 12 GORKA 1989 p 345 pl 13 figs 12 BASOV andVISHNEVSKAYA 1991 pl 20 figs 12 VISHNEVSKAYA 1992 pl4 fig 17 pl 6 fig 15 ATLAS 1993 pl 22 fig 5 ndash VISHNEV-SKAYA and DE WEVER 1998 p 257 pl 1 figs 11-13 ndash ISHIDA andHASHIMOTO 1998 p 225 pl 2 fig 4

Xitus ( ) asymbatos (Foreman) - IWATA and KATO 1986 text-fig 4-1

Age and distribution Late Cretaceous throughout the world Sites460 461 466 in the Pacific Ocean (Basov and Vishnevskaya1991) California (Foreman 1968) Caucasus Russian Pacific Rim(Vishnevskaya 1993) Coniacian-Santonian of the Russian Plat-form Moscow basin (Vishnevskaya and De Wever 1998)Santonian-early Campanian Kirsanovskaya Stratum RussianPlatform Inokovka Village well 19A interval 175 - 100m (thisstudy)

Xitus sp aff X asymbatos (Foreman)Plate 6 figure 15

Description The shell is multi segmented (6-7 segments)subconical finely porous often with an apical spine Nodes orknobs on the surface create ornamentation in the form of atwo-layered wall characteristic of of the genus Xitus

Age and distribution Campanian (Kling 1981) Coniacian-Santonian of the Russian Platform (Vishnevskaya 1997)Santonian - early Campanian Kirsanovskaya Stratum SouthernRussia Khotinets Village well 3 interval 50m

Remarks X sp aff X asymbatos differs from the holotype bythe length of its segments they are more elongated and morenumerous

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We gratefully acknowledge the Swiss National Science Foun-dation for support of this investigation under grant07SUPJ048420 and grant ldquoFoundation du 450egraveme Anniver-sairerdquo University of Lausanne Our gratitude goes to official

reviewers Drs Chris Hollis Elsbeth Urquhart and AkikoNishimura for their comments and suggestions which verymuch helped us to improve the content of this article Cordialthanks to Prof Dr Marta Marcucci Drs Paulian DumitricaRobert Goll and Tom Olszewski for encouraging discussionsabout our work We are thankful Dr Svetlana Tochilina andValentina Shokyrova for providing us with the samples

REFERENCES

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Seria Nayk o Zemle Baku 4 47-53 (in Russian)

28




1 Histiastrum membraniferum Lipman


3 Spongotripus sp

4 Spongotripus aculeatus Lipman

5 Histiastrum crux Lipman


7 Thanarla veneta Squinabol

812 Crucella cf C irwini Pessagno

9 Pessagnobrachia () sp





mdashmdashmdash ABBASOV AB AZIZBEKOVA A EFENDIYEVA ENSHAKHBASOVA VG MAMEDALIZADE AM andGUSEYNOV AN 1991 Novyye dannyye o stratigrafii opornogoverkhnemelovogo razreza Gyulistan (Malyy Kavkaz) (New strati-graphic data from the Upper Cretaceous section of Gyulistan LesserCaucasus) Izdatelrsquostvo Akademii Nayk Azerbaidjanskoi SSR Seria

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Sverdlovsk 59-70 (in Russian)

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BASOV IA and VISHNEVSKAYA VS 1991 Stratigraphy of Up-

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Moskovskogo Obshestva Ispitatelei Prirodi Geologicheskoe

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BRAGINA LG and BRAGIN N Y 1996 Stratigrafia i radiolariistratotipicheskogo razreza formatsii Parapedi verkhnego mela Kipra(Stratigraphy and radiolaria from the stratotype section of the Upper

30


PLATE 8SEM photomicrographs of radiolarians from well 19A interval 175m Santonian Kirsanovskaya Stratum Inokovka Village

scale A for all except 14 - scale B

1 Stichomitra bertrandi Cayeux


35 Stichomitra carnegiense Campbell and Clark

4 Dictyomitra densicostata Pessagno


7 Polysolenia sp

89 Phacostylus inokovkus Popova



12 Hemicryptocapsa () sp

13 Acaeniotyle () sp

14 Ultranapora () sp scale B

15 Xitus sp aff X asymbatos (Foreman)

16 Theocapsomma () sp

17 Conocaryomma () sp



Cretaceous Parapedi Formation Cyprus) Stratigrafiya i Geologi-

cheskaya Korrelatsia 4(3) 38-45 (in Russian)

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Terre et des Planetes 324(6) 443-451

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23 1-138

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14(1) 1-70

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32


Drilling Project volume 41 739-761 Washington DC US Gov-ernment Printing Office

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Dushanbe USSR 31 (3) 202-206

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Dushanbe USSR 32(1) 47-50

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Moskovskogo obshestva Ispitatelei Prirodi Otdel Geologicheskiy

64(3) 47-50

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Monographie Berlin Georg Reimer 572 p

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Errant 11 638-677

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of the HMS ldquoChallengerrdquo Zoology 18 1803 p (2 parts)

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paleontologists Special Volume 10 245-257

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Malborough (New Zealand) and DSDP Site 208 Thesis Universityof Auckland Auckland 308 p

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47(3) 235-255

ISHIDA K and HASHIMOTO H 1998 Upper Cretaceousradiolarian biostratigraphy in selected chert-clastic sequences oftheNorth Shimanto Terrane East Shikoku Proceedings of the Fifthradiolarian symposium News of Osaka Micropaleontologists Spe-cial Volume 11 211-225

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21(4) 619-944

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Hokkaidoritsu Chika Shigen Chosajo Sapporo Japan 63 1-21

IYOTA N HISADA K SASHIDA Kand IGO H 1994 TheOgochi Group of the Shimanto Terrane in the Kanto Mountains cen-tral Japan Science Reports of the Institute of Geoscience University

of Tsukuba Section B Geological Sciences 15 47-69 (in Japanese)

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zine 129(4) 385-400

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Leningrad 93-100 (in Russian)

KLING S 1971 Radiolaria Leg 6 of the DSDP Initial Reports of the

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33


KOUTSOUKOS E DESTRO N de AZAMBUJA F and SPADINIA 1993 Upper Aptian-lower Coniacian carbonate sequences in theSergipe Basin northeastern Brazil Cretaceous carbonate platformsAmerican Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 56127-144

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KOZLOVA GE 1984 O razvitii vidov roda Buryella Foreman 1973(radiolaria Nassellaria) v borealnikh i sybborealnikh paleogenovikhbasseinakh Mikrofayna neftegazonosnikh raionov SSSRVsesousnii Naychno-Issledovatelrsquoskii Institut Nefti I Gaza

(VNIGRI) Leningrad 85-94 (in Russian)

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KROON D NORRIS R KLAUS A ALEXANDER I BARDOTL BARKER C BELLIER J BLOME C CLARKE LERBACHER J FAUL K HOLMES M HUBER B KATZM MACLEOD K MARCA S MARTINEZ R MITA INAKAI M OGG J PAK D PLEITSCH T SELF TRAIL JSHAKLETON N SMIT J USSLER WIII WATKINS DWIDMARK J and WILSON P 1998 Blake NosePaleoceanographic Transect covering Leg 171B Proceedings of the

Ocean Drilling Program volume 171B 47-319 College StationTX Ocean Drilling Program

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Palaumlontologie Institut Universitat zu Hamburg 60 205-246

LING HY 1991 Cretaceous (Maestrichtian) radiolarians Leg 114Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program Scientific Results vol-ume 114 317-324 College Station TX Ocean Drilling Program

LING HY and LAZARUS DB 1990 Cretaceous radiolaria fromthe Weddell Sea Leg 113 of the Ocean Drilling Program In BarkerPF Kennett JP et al Eds Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling

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Paleontologiya i Stratigrafiya 24-51 (in Russian)

mdashmdashmdash 1960 Radiolarii Stratigrafia i fauna melovich otlozheniy

Zapadno-Sibirskoy nizmennosti Leningrad 124-134 (in Russian)

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(Ministry of Geology USSR) Moscow USSR 88-96

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sbornik Visha Shkola Lvov 12(1-2) 48-53

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Abstracts Blairsden California 50

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tropical latitudes Doctoral thesis University of Texas at DallasRichardson TX United States 375 p

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Kiev State University publishing office Kiev p 200

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paleoceanology Nauka Moscow 260p(in Russian)

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velopments in Sedimentology Siliceous deposits in the Pacific re-

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34


area Shikoku Special Papers Paleontological Society of Japan 2593-102

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OKAMOTO S KOJIMA S SUPARKA S and SUPRIYANTO J1994 Campanian (Upper Cretaceous) radiolarians from a shale clastin the Paleogene of central Java Indonesia Journal of Southeast

Asian Earth Sciences 9(1-2) 45-50

OLFERIEV AG 1993 Report Precise and detail stratigraphicscheme of Mesozoic for large scale mapping of Voronesh Anticlineand Moscow Basin synecline Geosyntes Moscow 220 p

PALECHEK T 2000 Upper Cretaceous radiolaria from westernKamchatka (northeastern Russia) InterRad 2000 Abstracts

Blairsden California Book of p 56

PESSAGNO EA Jr 1962 Upper Cretaceous stratigraphy andmicropaleontology of south-central Puerto Rico Micropaleontology

8 349-368

mdashmdashmdash 1963 Upper Cretaceous radiolaria from Puerto RicoMicropaleontology 9 197-214

mdashmdashmdash 1969 The Neosciadiocapsidae a new family of Upper Creta-ceous radiolaria Bulletins of American Paleontology 56(253)373-439

mdashmdashmdash 1971 A new radiolarian from the upper Cretaceous of the Cali-fornia Coast Ranges Micropaleontology 17(3) 361-364

mdashmdashmdash 1972 Pseudoaulophacidae Riedel from Cretaceous of Califor-nia and the Blake-Bahama Basin Bulletin of American Paleontolo-

gists 61(270) 269-328

mdashmdashmdash 1973 Upper Cretaceous Spumelariina from the Great ValleySequence California Coast Ranges Bulletain of American Paleon-

tologists 63(276) 49-102

mdashmdashmdash 1974 A comprehensive radiolarian zonation for the upper Cre-taceous portion of the Great Valley sequence SEPM Preprints Pa-

cific Section Meeting Society of Economic Paleontologists and

Mineralogists San Diego California pp 61-80

mdashmdashmdash 1975 Upper Cretaceous radiolaria from DSDP site 275 Initial


mdashmdashmdash 1976 Radiolarian zonation and stratigraphy of the Upper Creta-ceous portion of the Great Valley sequence MicropaleontologySpecial Publications 2 95p

mdashmdashmdash 1977 Lower Cretaceous radiolarian biostratigraphy of theGreat Valley Sequence and Franciscan Complex California CoastRanges Cushman Foundation Foraminiferal Research Special

Publication 15 5-87

PETRUSHEVSKAYA MG 1971 Radiolyarii Nassellaria vplanktone mirovogo okeana Academia Nauk SSSR Zoologicheskii

Instityt Issledovaniya Fauni Morei Leningrad 9(7) 294p

mdashmdashmdash 1981 Nassellarian radiolarians from the world ocean Publica-tions of the Zoological Institute Academy of Sciences of the USSRVolume 128 Description of the Fauna of the USSR LeningradUSSR Nauka Leningradskoe Otdelenie 405

PETRUSHEVSKAYA MG and KOZLOVA GE 1972 RadiolariaLeg 14 Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project volume 14495-648Washington DC US Government Printing Office

POPOVA IM 2000 New radiolarian species from Coniacian-Santonian deposits of the Voronesh Anticline 11th radiolarian Sem-

inar StPetersburg 60

POPOVA IM BAUMGARTNER PO and ARIAS OA 2000Campanian-Maastrichtian() radiolaria of Caribbean Oceanic Pla-teau in Central Costa-Rica Abstracts of InterRad IX Meeting

Blairsden CA United States 57

RANKOVA T ANTOVA N NIKOLOV G and DIMITROVA E1998 Kum litostratigrafskata podyalba na gornata kreda otIstochnogo Srednogoriye (Lithostratigraphic subdivision of UpperCretaceous eastern Srednegorie) Spisanie na Bulgarskogo

Geologichesko Druzhestvo Bulgarska Akademiya na Naukite SofiaBulgaria 59(part 2-3) 97-107

RENZ GW 1974 Radiolaria from Leg 27 of the Deep Sea DrillingProject Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project volume 27769-841 College Station TX Ocean Drilling Program

RIEDEL WR and SANFILIPPO A 1970 Radiolaria Leg 4 Initial

Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project volume 4 503-575 Wash-ington DC US Government Printing Office

mdashmdashmdash 1973 Cenozoic radiolaria from the Caribbean Deep Sea Drill-ing Project Leg 15 In Edgar NT Saunders JB et al Eds Initial

Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project volume 15 705-751Wash-ington DC US Government Printing Office

mdashmdashmdash 1974 Radiolaria from the Southern Indian Ocean Initial Re-

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RIEGRAF W 1995 Radiolarien Diatomeen Cephalopoden undStratigraphie im pelagischen Campanium Westfalens (OberkreideNW-Deutschland) Neues Jahrbuch fuer Geologie und Palae-

ontologie Abhandlungen 197(2) 129-200

SANFILIPPO A and RIEDEL WR 1974 Some radiolarian samplesfrom the western Indian Ocean Leg 25 Initial Reports of the Deep


SANFILIPPO A and RIEDEL W R 1989 Cretaceous radiolaria InPerch-Nielsen K et al Eds Plankton Stratigraphy CambridgeUniversity Press p 573-630

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SCHAAF A 1981 Late-Early Cretaceous radiolaria from Leg 62 Ini-

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SCHAAF A and THOMAS V 1986 Les radiolaires campaniens deWadi Ragmi (nappe de Semail Oman) un nouveau reperechronologique de lrsquoobduction omanaise Comptes rendus de

lrsquoAcademie des Sciences Serie 2 Sciences de la Terre 3031593-1598

SCHMIDT-EFFING R 1979 Alter und Genese des Nicoya-Komplexes einer ozeanischen Palaumlokruste (Objura bis Eozaumln) imsuumldlichen Zentral-Amerika Geologische Rundschau 68 457-494

mdashmdashndash 1980 Radiolarien der Mittel-Kreide aus dem Santa Elena-Massiv von Costa Rica Neues Jahrbuch Geologie und Palaumlontole-

ontologie Abhandlung Stuttgart 1960(2) 241-257

SIMPSON F 1975 Marine lithofacies and biofacies of the Coloradogroup (middle Albian to Santonian) in Saskatchewan Cretaceous

35


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SOEKA S 1992 Early Cretaceous-Paleogene radiolarian biostrati-graphy from the microcontinent of Buton eastern Indonesia Ab-

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STRONG C HOLLIS C and WILSON G 1995 Foraminiferalradiolarian and dinoflagellate biostratigraphy of the late Cretaceousto middle Eocene sediments (Muzzle Group) Mead StreamMarlborough New Zealand New Zealand Journal of Geology and

Geophysics 38(2) 171-209

STEUBER T GOTZES R RAEDER M and WALTER J 1993Palaeogeography of the western Pelagonian continental margin inBeotia (Greece) during the Cretaceous biostratigraphy and isotopiccompositions

13C 18O of calcareous deposits Palaeogeography

Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology 102(3-4) 253-271

SUYARI K 1986 Restudy of the northern Shimanto Subbelt in easternShikoku University of Tokushima Journal of Science 19 45-54

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Daigaki Rikagaku Kenkyu Hokoku 32(4) 350-361

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30-31

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VISHNEVSKAYA VS DE WEVER P BARABOSHKIN EYBOGDANOV N A BRAGIN N Y BRAGINA L GKOSTYUCHENKO A S LAMBERT E MALINOVSKY YM SEDAEVA K M and ZHUKOVA G A 1999 Newstratigrafic and paleogeographic data from the Eastern periphery ofthe Russian Platform (Russia) Geodiversitas 23(3) 347-363

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schaft Stuttgart 28 75-86

Manuscript received April 8 2004Revised manuscript accepted January 28 2005

37


38

Upper Cretaceous (Santonian-Campanian) radiolarians fromVoronesh Anticline southwestern Russia

Irina Popova-Goll1 Valentina Vishnevskaya2 and Peter O Baumgartner3

1Institute of Geology and Geophysics Texas AampM University U S A

email popova-gollgeotamuedu2Paleontological Institute Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia

3Science de la Terre University of Lausanne BFSH 2 1015 Lausanne Switzerland

email PeterBaumgartnerigpunilch

ABSTRACT Core-samples from wells and an outcrop located on the Voronesh Anticline in the southeastern part of the Russian Platformcontain Late Cretaceous radiolaria 83 species are described and illustrated (SEM and transmitted light images) from Santonian-earlyCampanian deposits and two assemblages are distinguished The older assemblage with Alievium gallowayi Archaeospongoprunumbipartitum Archaeospongoprunum cf A salumi as well as other less age-diagnostic taxa is interpreted as Santonian correlative with theEuchitonia santonica-Alievium gallowayi Assemblage Zone of the Moscow Basin (Vishnevskaya 1993) The younger assemblage ofSantonian ndash early Campanian age contains Patulibracchium cf P davisi Crucella irwini Cryptamphorella sphaerica Praeconocaryommacaliforniensis Dictyomitra lamellicostata among other species and is correlative with the Orbiculiforma quadrata-Lithostrobus rostovtseviAssemblage Zone of the Moscow Basin In terms of inter-regional faunal comparisons both of the Voronesh Anticline radiolarian assemblagesdemonstrate relatively close affinities to coeval rocks from the Volga River region but less similarity to the assemblages from the Moscow Ba-sin Only a few of the common endemic species of Siberian assemblages occur in our samples On an inter-regional level the radiolarian assem-blages described herein have similarities with assemblages reported from Japan and California Index-species characteristic for theSantonian-Campanian radiolarian biozonations of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans are not found in our collection However the presence ofmany cosmopolitan species known from the European Platform Japan and California suggests a marine connection between the VoroneshAnticline region the western Atlantic and eastern Tethys during Santonian-Early Campanian time

INTRODUCTION

There were several reasons to study this material First theradiolaria of this time-interval and from this region are not verywell known and the investigation we carried out provides thefirst detailed information about Santonian ndash Campanianradiolaria of Voronesh Anticline region along with more pre-cise age determination data which could be used for the next is-sue of the regional stratigraphic scheme

Secondly the preservation of the fauna is good compared tocoeval radiolaria derived from exposures and subcrops of otherlocalities in Russia and in Europe A majority of the specimensexamined are in the original glassy opal-A silica phase Thetests found have been photographed in transmitted-light andscanning electron microscopes

Thirdly the assemblages are diverse with at least 83 speciesand some previously undescribed taxa that impart a distinctivecharacter to the fauna recovered from core samples of two ex-ploration wells and one outcrop sample

Fourthly the Voronesh Anticline region is not well known inthe English-language geological literature and in the presentarticle we provided a brief summary of the regional geologywith particular reference to its complex Upper Cretaceous litho-and biostratigraphy

Fifthly the correlation of the assemblages found in theVoronesh Anticline region to world wide data allows us to un-derstand better the paleogeography of the region in Santonian-Campanian the sea-level fluctuations and related Tethys-ParaTethys paleooceanic connections that existed at that time

METHODS

The radiolarians examined in this study occur in semi-consolidatedclay marl silt and siltstones These samples were crushed andboiled with Calgon for 30 minutes or until dispersed and sievedwet through a 63microm mesh sieve The resulting residue was boiledwith 5 H2O2 and wet sieved again and left to dry Radiolariansfrom the dried residue were picked by hand using a very thinbrush pasted on stubs (for SEM study) or mounted on standardmicroscope slides using Canada balsam (for transmitted light mi-croscope study) according to methods of treatment commonly inuse for Mesozoic and Cenozoic radiolaria investigations(Sanfilippo Westberg and Riedel 1985)

GEOLOGY AND STRATIGRAPHY OF THE VORONESHANTICLINE

The location of wells and outcrops studied Geographically theVoronesh Anticline occupies portions of both Ukraine and Rus-sia (text-fig 1) The Voronesh Anticline (text-fig 1A) is alsoknown from the literature as the ldquoKursk-Voronesh crystallinecore-areardquo which emphasizes the fact that it is a buried base-ment high composed of metamorphic and magmatic rocks ofPrecambrian and Paleozoic age overlain by Mesozoic and Ce-nozoic deposits The Voronesh Anticline is bounded on thesouth and southwest by the Dnepr-Donets Rivers Depressionand to the northwest by the Orsha-Smolensk Flexure The Mos-cow Syncline and Razan-Saratov Flexure bound this area to thenorth and northeast respectively Geomorphologically thiszone looks like a chain of small hills 20-50m high outlining aledge with a northwestern trend The dip of beds ranges from05deg to 3deg The maximum thickness of Upper Cretaceous depositsis observed in sections and wells located in Dnepr-Donets Depres-

micropaleontology vol 51 no 1 pp 1-37 text-figures 1-4 plates 1-8 tables 1-4 2005 1





2








3








4



Present study





5




CORRELATIONS












6







7

















8




CONCLUSIONS







9














Plate 4 figure 12

















1987 p 53 pl 6 fig 1-5









10







































11










































12


13








































fig 16 (only)


14


15
























16








5 Eucyrtis () sp



9 Cenosphaera sp




































18








5 Ultranapora () sp





































20




1 Triactoma () sp



4 Phacostylus () sp








15 Lithelius sp

16 Alievium () sp


























22











































24






5 Gorgansium sp



morphotype A





























Plate 2 figure 9









26




























ACKNOWLEDGMENTS



REFERENCES













28






3 Spongotripus sp

























Polonica 115 91-115










57 (5) 877-882












30









7 Polysolenia sp


















Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38





2








3








4



Present study





5




CORRELATIONS












6







7

















8




CONCLUSIONS







9














Plate 4 figure 12

















1987 p 53 pl 6 fig 1-5









10







































11










































12


13








































fig 16 (only)


14


15
























16








5 Eucyrtis () sp



9 Cenosphaera sp




































18








5 Ultranapora () sp





































20




1 Triactoma () sp



4 Phacostylus () sp








15 Lithelius sp

16 Alievium () sp


























22











































24






5 Gorgansium sp



morphotype A





























Plate 2 figure 9









26




























ACKNOWLEDGMENTS



REFERENCES













28






3 Spongotripus sp

























Polonica 115 91-115










57 (5) 877-882












30









7 Polysolenia sp


















Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38






3








4



Present study





5




CORRELATIONS












6







7

















8




CONCLUSIONS







9














Plate 4 figure 12

















1987 p 53 pl 6 fig 1-5









10







































11










































12


13








































fig 16 (only)


14


15
























16








5 Eucyrtis () sp



9 Cenosphaera sp




































18








5 Ultranapora () sp





































20




1 Triactoma () sp



4 Phacostylus () sp








15 Lithelius sp

16 Alievium () sp


























22











































24






5 Gorgansium sp



morphotype A





























Plate 2 figure 9









26




























ACKNOWLEDGMENTS



REFERENCES













28






3 Spongotripus sp

























Polonica 115 91-115










57 (5) 877-882












30









7 Polysolenia sp


















Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38






4



Present study





5




CORRELATIONS












6







7

















8




CONCLUSIONS







9














Plate 4 figure 12

















1987 p 53 pl 6 fig 1-5









10







































11










































12


13








































fig 16 (only)


14


15
























16








5 Eucyrtis () sp



9 Cenosphaera sp




































18








5 Ultranapora () sp





































20




1 Triactoma () sp



4 Phacostylus () sp








15 Lithelius sp

16 Alievium () sp


























22











































24






5 Gorgansium sp



morphotype A





























Plate 2 figure 9









26




























ACKNOWLEDGMENTS



REFERENCES













28






3 Spongotripus sp

























Polonica 115 91-115










57 (5) 877-882












30









7 Polysolenia sp


















Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38

Present study





5




CORRELATIONS












6







7

















8




CONCLUSIONS







9














Plate 4 figure 12

















1987 p 53 pl 6 fig 1-5









10







































11










































12


13








































fig 16 (only)


14


15
























16








5 Eucyrtis () sp



9 Cenosphaera sp




































18








5 Ultranapora () sp





































20




1 Triactoma () sp



4 Phacostylus () sp








15 Lithelius sp

16 Alievium () sp


























22











































24






5 Gorgansium sp



morphotype A





























Plate 2 figure 9









26




























ACKNOWLEDGMENTS



REFERENCES













28






3 Spongotripus sp

























Polonica 115 91-115










57 (5) 877-882












30









7 Polysolenia sp


















Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38


CORRELATIONS












6







7

















8




CONCLUSIONS







9














Plate 4 figure 12

















1987 p 53 pl 6 fig 1-5









10







































11










































12


13








































fig 16 (only)


14


15
























16








5 Eucyrtis () sp



9 Cenosphaera sp




































18








5 Ultranapora () sp





































20




1 Triactoma () sp



4 Phacostylus () sp








15 Lithelius sp

16 Alievium () sp


























22











































24






5 Gorgansium sp



morphotype A





























Plate 2 figure 9









26




























ACKNOWLEDGMENTS



REFERENCES













28






3 Spongotripus sp

























Polonica 115 91-115










57 (5) 877-882












30









7 Polysolenia sp


















Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38






7

















8




CONCLUSIONS







9














Plate 4 figure 12

















1987 p 53 pl 6 fig 1-5









10







































11










































12


13








































fig 16 (only)


14


15
























16








5 Eucyrtis () sp



9 Cenosphaera sp




































18








5 Ultranapora () sp





































20




1 Triactoma () sp



4 Phacostylus () sp








15 Lithelius sp

16 Alievium () sp


























22











































24






5 Gorgansium sp



morphotype A





























Plate 2 figure 9









26




























ACKNOWLEDGMENTS



REFERENCES













28






3 Spongotripus sp

























Polonica 115 91-115










57 (5) 877-882












30









7 Polysolenia sp


















Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38















8




CONCLUSIONS







9














Plate 4 figure 12

















1987 p 53 pl 6 fig 1-5









10







































11










































12


13








































fig 16 (only)


14


15
























16








5 Eucyrtis () sp



9 Cenosphaera sp




































18








5 Ultranapora () sp





































20




1 Triactoma () sp



4 Phacostylus () sp








15 Lithelius sp

16 Alievium () sp


























22











































24






5 Gorgansium sp



morphotype A





























Plate 2 figure 9









26




























ACKNOWLEDGMENTS



REFERENCES













28






3 Spongotripus sp

























Polonica 115 91-115










57 (5) 877-882












30









7 Polysolenia sp


















Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38



CONCLUSIONS







9














Plate 4 figure 12

















1987 p 53 pl 6 fig 1-5









10







































11










































12


13








































fig 16 (only)


14


15
























16








5 Eucyrtis () sp



9 Cenosphaera sp




































18








5 Ultranapora () sp





































20




1 Triactoma () sp



4 Phacostylus () sp








15 Lithelius sp

16 Alievium () sp


























22











































24






5 Gorgansium sp



morphotype A





























Plate 2 figure 9









26




























ACKNOWLEDGMENTS



REFERENCES













28






3 Spongotripus sp

























Polonica 115 91-115










57 (5) 877-882












30









7 Polysolenia sp


















Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38












Plate 4 figure 12

















1987 p 53 pl 6 fig 1-5









10







































11










































12


13








































fig 16 (only)


14


15
























16








5 Eucyrtis () sp



9 Cenosphaera sp




































18








5 Ultranapora () sp





































20




1 Triactoma () sp



4 Phacostylus () sp








15 Lithelius sp

16 Alievium () sp


























22











































24






5 Gorgansium sp



morphotype A





























Plate 2 figure 9









26




























ACKNOWLEDGMENTS



REFERENCES













28






3 Spongotripus sp

























Polonica 115 91-115










57 (5) 877-882












30









7 Polysolenia sp


















Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38






































11










































12


13








































fig 16 (only)


14


15
























16








5 Eucyrtis () sp



9 Cenosphaera sp




































18








5 Ultranapora () sp





































20




1 Triactoma () sp



4 Phacostylus () sp








15 Lithelius sp

16 Alievium () sp


























22











































24






5 Gorgansium sp



morphotype A





























Plate 2 figure 9









26




























ACKNOWLEDGMENTS



REFERENCES













28






3 Spongotripus sp

























Polonica 115 91-115










57 (5) 877-882












30









7 Polysolenia sp


















Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38









































12


13








































fig 16 (only)


14


15
























16








5 Eucyrtis () sp



9 Cenosphaera sp




































18








5 Ultranapora () sp





































20




1 Triactoma () sp



4 Phacostylus () sp








15 Lithelius sp

16 Alievium () sp


























22











































24






5 Gorgansium sp



morphotype A





























Plate 2 figure 9









26




























ACKNOWLEDGMENTS



REFERENCES













28






3 Spongotripus sp

























Polonica 115 91-115










57 (5) 877-882












30









7 Polysolenia sp


















Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38

13








































fig 16 (only)


14


15
























16








5 Eucyrtis () sp



9 Cenosphaera sp




































18








5 Ultranapora () sp





































20




1 Triactoma () sp



4 Phacostylus () sp








15 Lithelius sp

16 Alievium () sp


























22











































24






5 Gorgansium sp



morphotype A





























Plate 2 figure 9









26




























ACKNOWLEDGMENTS



REFERENCES













28






3 Spongotripus sp

























Polonica 115 91-115










57 (5) 877-882












30









7 Polysolenia sp


















Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38






































fig 16 (only)


14


15
























16








5 Eucyrtis () sp



9 Cenosphaera sp




































18








5 Ultranapora () sp





































20




1 Triactoma () sp



4 Phacostylus () sp








15 Lithelius sp

16 Alievium () sp


























22











































24






5 Gorgansium sp



morphotype A





























Plate 2 figure 9









26




























ACKNOWLEDGMENTS



REFERENCES













28






3 Spongotripus sp

























Polonica 115 91-115










57 (5) 877-882












30









7 Polysolenia sp


















Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38

15
























16








5 Eucyrtis () sp



9 Cenosphaera sp




































18








5 Ultranapora () sp





































20




1 Triactoma () sp



4 Phacostylus () sp








15 Lithelius sp

16 Alievium () sp


























22











































24






5 Gorgansium sp



morphotype A





























Plate 2 figure 9









26




























ACKNOWLEDGMENTS



REFERENCES













28






3 Spongotripus sp

























Polonica 115 91-115










57 (5) 877-882












30









7 Polysolenia sp


















Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38






















16








5 Eucyrtis () sp



9 Cenosphaera sp




































18








5 Ultranapora () sp





































20




1 Triactoma () sp



4 Phacostylus () sp








15 Lithelius sp

16 Alievium () sp


























22











































24






5 Gorgansium sp



morphotype A





























Plate 2 figure 9









26




























ACKNOWLEDGMENTS



REFERENCES













28






3 Spongotripus sp

























Polonica 115 91-115










57 (5) 877-882












30









7 Polysolenia sp


















Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38
























18








5 Ultranapora () sp





































20




1 Triactoma () sp



4 Phacostylus () sp








15 Lithelius sp

16 Alievium () sp


























22











































24






5 Gorgansium sp



morphotype A





























Plate 2 figure 9









26




























ACKNOWLEDGMENTS



REFERENCES













28






3 Spongotripus sp

























Polonica 115 91-115










57 (5) 877-882












30









7 Polysolenia sp


















Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38






















18








5 Ultranapora () sp





































20




1 Triactoma () sp



4 Phacostylus () sp








15 Lithelius sp

16 Alievium () sp


























22











































24






5 Gorgansium sp



morphotype A





























Plate 2 figure 9









26




























ACKNOWLEDGMENTS



REFERENCES













28






3 Spongotripus sp

























Polonica 115 91-115










57 (5) 877-882












30









7 Polysolenia sp


















Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38






















20




1 Triactoma () sp



4 Phacostylus () sp








15 Lithelius sp

16 Alievium () sp


























22











































24






5 Gorgansium sp



morphotype A





























Plate 2 figure 9









26




























ACKNOWLEDGMENTS



REFERENCES













28






3 Spongotripus sp

























Polonica 115 91-115










57 (5) 877-882












30









7 Polysolenia sp


















Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38




















20




1 Triactoma () sp



4 Phacostylus () sp








15 Lithelius sp

16 Alievium () sp


























22











































24






5 Gorgansium sp



morphotype A





























Plate 2 figure 9









26




























ACKNOWLEDGMENTS



REFERENCES













28






3 Spongotripus sp

























Polonica 115 91-115










57 (5) 877-882












30









7 Polysolenia sp


















Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38
























22











































24






5 Gorgansium sp



morphotype A





























Plate 2 figure 9









26




























ACKNOWLEDGMENTS



REFERENCES













28






3 Spongotripus sp

























Polonica 115 91-115










57 (5) 877-882












30









7 Polysolenia sp


















Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38






















22











































24






5 Gorgansium sp



morphotype A





























Plate 2 figure 9









26




























ACKNOWLEDGMENTS



REFERENCES













28






3 Spongotripus sp

























Polonica 115 91-115










57 (5) 877-882












30









7 Polysolenia sp


















Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38




























24






5 Gorgansium sp



morphotype A





























Plate 2 figure 9









26




























ACKNOWLEDGMENTS



REFERENCES













28






3 Spongotripus sp

























Polonica 115 91-115










57 (5) 877-882












30









7 Polysolenia sp


















Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38


























24






5 Gorgansium sp



morphotype A





























Plate 2 figure 9









26




























ACKNOWLEDGMENTS



REFERENCES













28






3 Spongotripus sp

























Polonica 115 91-115










57 (5) 877-882












30









7 Polysolenia sp


















Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38




















Plate 2 figure 9









26




























ACKNOWLEDGMENTS



REFERENCES













28






3 Spongotripus sp

























Polonica 115 91-115










57 (5) 877-882












30









7 Polysolenia sp


















Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38


















Plate 2 figure 9









26




























ACKNOWLEDGMENTS



REFERENCES













28






3 Spongotripus sp

























Polonica 115 91-115










57 (5) 877-882












30









7 Polysolenia sp


















Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38












ACKNOWLEDGMENTS



REFERENCES













28






3 Spongotripus sp

























Polonica 115 91-115










57 (5) 877-882












30









7 Polysolenia sp


















Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38










ACKNOWLEDGMENTS



REFERENCES













28






3 Spongotripus sp

























Polonica 115 91-115










57 (5) 877-882












30









7 Polysolenia sp


















Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38

















Polonica 115 91-115










57 (5) 877-882












30









7 Polysolenia sp


















Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38















Polonica 115 91-115










57 (5) 877-882












30









7 Polysolenia sp


















Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38









Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38







Leipzig 36 485-540




57 1-61











23 1-138



14(1) 1-70














765-774




logy 27 (3) 249-292















32















64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38














64(3) 47-50






ences 34(4) 167-171







Errant 11 638-677










47(3) 235-255




21(4) 619-944






zine 129(4) 385-400









33




ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38



ontology 9(1)45-64


















































34










8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38









8 349-368





gists 61(270) 269-328


tologists 63(276) 49-102








Publication 15 5-87

































35
















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38















30-31





2 249-306









gedeelte 5-165






















Geology 346 (5) 638-641






41(3) 235-265

36




2(4) 280-317













37


38



2(4) 280-317













37


38

38

Documents

Upper Cretaceous (Santonian-Campanian) radiolarians from Voronesh Anticline, southwestern Russia