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ITS Safety Communications

Road to Vehicle Communications

for Safety : AIDA and IVHW

ITS World Congress - Madrid 17-20/11/03


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Road to vehicle communications

Road to vehicle communications via DSRC : AIDA

two way communications

safety related services, warnings

comfort information : travel times, motorway exits, rest

areas, sevices available, etc.

traffic data collection, incident notification

Electronic Toll Collection / DSRC : liber-t

Vehicle to vehicle communication : IVHW

transmission of emergency signals between vehicles

extended to road vehicle communications

Inter-Vehicle Hazard Warning


V

IIVHWW


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An interoperable ETC system



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Information, safety, data collection

AIDA antennas

Road information

Safety messages Traffic and weather

data collection Incidents detection



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The communication architecture

SERVEURS DEDIES POSTE CENTRALD'INFORMATION

Serveur AIDA

EQUIPEMENT AU SOL

BALISE DSRC

Rseau priv fibres optiquesModem

EQUIPEMENT DEBORD

COMMUNICATEUR BADGE ET TERMINAL

VEHICULE 2


VEHICULE 1


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AIDA : principles of data transmission

Data processing andtransmission to the

vehicles

Communication withthe vehicles



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The AIDA services

AIDA : an on-board system providing real time informationdedicated to safe and comfortable highway driving

Traffic conditionsaccidents

perturbancesroad workstraffic jams

Road informationsorties conseillesdistance to next exits

estimated time of arrival

relief routes

Weather conditionsfog

low temperature

heavy rain

Personalised traffic informationtourist information

petrol stations with brand and price

service and rest areas

Interactive servicesincidents signalling



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Display examples : safety services

Alert message

corresponding to a

traffic incident

Checking the list of

incidents (here weatherincident)



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An interactive safety service

The interactive service...

... gives the possibility to

inform the Traffic

Information Centre of anincident that was seen on

the motorway



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Display examples : comfort services

Distances to the exits,time to destination,

traffic conditions

Information on rest

and service areas



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DELTA = integration in the vehicle

Objective : Integration of the DSRC as standardequipment in the vehicle



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The TRAVIATA project

An attempt to perform a vehicle to vehicle

communication using the same DSRC systems

emergency warnings between vehicles

Results did not meet the expected level

good communication at 20 m

probability of good communication at 50 m if messagesrepeated 100 times

communication not possible at more than 100 m

Vehicle equipment will remain too expensive for

large market introduction



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IVHWInter-Vehicle Hazard Warning

V

IIVHWW

Accident

Others traffic servers Radio Variable Message Roadsign Emergency call box

Traffic server2,5 Km 2,5 Km

Modem

Fiber optic Network

Transmission of alertsbetween vehicles

Communication : up to 1

km

System activated manually

or automatically in case of

airbag release

Alerts can be transmitted

to / from the road operator,

thanks to IVHW systems

installed in the emergency

call boxes



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The context

Todays new opportunities:

Broad dissemination of GPS

Accuracy of GPS (no more scrambling for civil

applications)

Market penetration of telematics platforms for:

navigation, electronic tolling, emergency call

Recent authorization of the use of a band in the 869 MHzallowing to reach the needed range of 1 Km



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Without IVHWThe concept

Vehicle-vehicle

communication for hazardwarning

radio warning flashers accident

Also vehicle- infrastructurecommunication



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Without IVHW

Reasons : bad visibility or temporary loss ofvisibility due to obstacles or weather conditions

Characteristics : pile-up accidents arentstatistically very numerous, but often very serious

That can be avoided in some situations if a warning

message is delivered in time



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With IVHW

IVHWprocess

yes

Receivedmessage n1234:-accident-current position

-past positions-speed-direction-

noRelevant

Sent messagen1234:

-accident

-current position-past positions-speed-direction-

Vehicle 2 data:-current position

-past positions-speed-direction-



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Result message with an

example of visual HMI



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Risk of queue end collision



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Risk of queue end collision



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Vehicle breakdown



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Vehicle breakdown



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Airbag triggering



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Airbag triggering



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Warning from infrastructure



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Warning from infrastructure



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Core proposal synthesis

A reduced set of messages: from vehicles or infrastructure beacons

from infrastructure beacons only



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Extended proposal

A proposed extended set of messages (all sentfrom infrastructure equipment only):

Traffic congestion

Very slippery road

Heavily reduced visibility

Vehicle on the wrong carriageway


ITS S f C i i


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Message Content

Variable

Header

Random-Message ID

Road type

Road ID

Hazard type

Current speed

Position and trace data

Size (bit)

8

9

3

24

5

5

155

No

personaldata !

Total message size


209

ITS S f t C i ti


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System characteristics

Manual orautomatic activation generic warning, stopped vehicle, accident

IVHW is coupled with the warning flashers Manual or automatic deactivation

In case of emission of the same message by severalvehicles, automatic cancellation of useless messages isforeseen

Use of several GPS positions

Communication range

Sending vehicle

Following vehicle

Track overlap


ITS S f t C i ti


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Communication technology

choice of the 869.4 - 869.65

MHz frequency band for 1 Km nominal

communication distance

omni directional broadcast

relevancy discrimination by

the receiver

Ranges of 869MHz at 500mW

Urban areaor w oods

Motorw ay Maximum range

Sure range

Line of sight

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000

m eters


ITS Safety Communications O b d i t


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System characteristicsOn-board equipment

Minimum:

GPS module UHF modem HMI interface

GPS moduleor navigation

system

Useful Information:

-Warning flashers-Parking brake-Crash

Vehiclenetwork

IVHWmanagement

Loud speakers Display

Optional:Navigation system

data flow UHF MODEM




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Frequency bands

bilan de liaison

0

10 40 70 4025niveaudechamps

-40

-60

-80

-100

-120

-140

distance


3416 28 3110 13 19 22

433 MHz869 MHz

2,4 GHzseuil -110 dBm

37 43

-20 00 00 00 00 0000 00 00 00 00 00 000 0 0



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Market introduction

1 Standardisation: the prerequisite

work within EUCAR, the European manufacturers

research framework in order to achieve consensus

among car makers

Item to be proposed to TC278

2 Equipment of rescue and security vehicles

Use of mobile infrastructure beacons

Equipment of buses and commercial vehicles

3 Equipment of passenger cars




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A new R&D project

A new initiative : SAAV (Savoir avant de voir To

know before to see)

A combination of AIDA and IVHW

2 communication channels

emergency signals between vehicles and infrastructure

safety and comfort services

Main advantages

low cost equipment

higher communication zones (around 1 Km)

integration in the vehicles

using motorway infrastructure (emergency call boxes,communication network)




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New developments

To lower the costs and

improve the marketpenetration, the SAAVproject will try todevelop a radiocommunication system

allowing severalapplications to coexiston the same frequencyband

Accident2 Km 2 Km

1.2.3.4.5.6.

IVHWtraffic and travel infsecure black spotsgate controldoor opening?tire pressure control?


.Motorways emergency call boxes

.Mobile beacons

.Black spot beacons

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