Upgrades to the CAPS PHIL Facility - Selected Experiments with … · 2019-05-29 · Upgrades to the CAPS PHIL Facility - Selected Experiments with the new 5 MW MVDC Lab Michael “Mischa”

Upgrades to the CAPS PHIL Facility - Selected Experiments with the new

5 MW MVDC Lab

Michael “Mischa” Steurer Center for Advanced Power Systems

Florida State University Tallahassee, FL, USA

November 5th, 2015

15 Years of CHIL & PHIL at CAPS

2

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015

11/5/2015 3rd Grid Sim Workshop

CAPS in NHMFL


2

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015

CAPS in NHMFL


Braking Ground for new CAPS Facility


2

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015

CAPS in NHMFL




2

First 4 RTDS Racks at CAPS

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015


CAPS in NHMFL




2

AC

T1PT

SCFCLT2

G

Relay

D/AD/D D/D

RTDSSimulation

Hardware

puRL 1.11=

puX L 1.0=1S

B1 B2 B3

CT

T-Line + Sequence Impedance (pu/km)

T1

T2

0.206e-3 + j*0.00419

Line Length (km)

100

1000.206e-3 + j*0.00419

Source + Sequence Impedance (pu)

S1

G

0.0478 + j*0.125

0.0021 + j*0.402

L-L RMS Voltage (kV)

230

230

Sbase

Vbase

590 MVA

230 kV

0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.2-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

t (s )

Fault With FCL Be hind Re lay (50% Line Le ngth)

TotalS upe rconductorS hunttrip

Current (kA) Relay

State

Normal

Trip

0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.2-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

t (s )



Current (kA) Relay

State

Normal

Trip

FCL in downstreamof PTs and CTs

=> Relay trips appropriately

Distance Relay and Fault Current Limiter

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015

AC

T1PT

SCFCLT2

G

Relay

D/AD/D D/D

RTDSSimulation

Hardware

puRL 1.11=

puX L 1.0=1S

B1 B2 B3

CT


T1

T2

0.206e-3 + j*0.00419

Line Length (km)

100

1000.206e-3 + j*0.00419


S1

G

0.0478 + j*0.125

0.0021 + j*0.402


230

230

Sbase

Vbase

590 MVA

230 kV

0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.2-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

t (s )



Current (kA) Relay

State

Normal

Trip

0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.2-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

t (s )



Current (kA) Relay

State

Normal

Trip





CAPS in NHMFL




2

ROS

za

HUT

zb

V1(k)

V1(k-1)

I(k)

I(k)

AMPINT

Simulated System

V2(k)

+_

Z*=f(V, I)

0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5-0.2

0

0.2

time (s)

curre

nt (k

A)

Generator current during shedding the base load (DIM)

Newly adapted “damping impedance method” (DIM) interface maintains stability even during transients

Experimental results from 50 kW PEBB system

+_

zfilt

Testing PHIL Interface Algorithms

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015

AC

T1PT

SCFCLT2

G

Relay

D/AD/D D/D

RTDSSimulation

Hardware

puRL 1.11=

puX L 1.0=1S

B1 B2 B3

CT


T1

T2

0.206e-3 + j*0.00419

Line Length (km)

100

1000.206e-3 + j*0.00419


S1

G

0.0478 + j*0.125

0.0021 + j*0.402


230

230

Sbase

Vbase

590 MVA

230 kV

0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.2-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

t (s )



Current (kA) Relay

State

Normal

Trip

0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.2-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

t (s )



Current (kA) Relay

State

Normal

Trip




ROS

za

HUT

zb

V1(k)

V1(k-1)

I(k)

I(k)

AMPINT

Simulated System

V2(k)

+_

Z*=f(V, I)

0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5-0.2

0

0.2

time (s)

curr

ent (

kA)




+_

zfilt



CAPS in NHMFL




2

IEEE 39 bus system

0 10 20 30 40 50 60-2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

0 10 20 30 40 50 60-2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Shaft torque TS [Nm/10] Requested Measured

Time [s]Shaft power PS [kW]

Tip speed ratio λ

Wind velocity [ms-1]Provided vW-P Estimated vE

PHIL of Wind-Turbine Generator, RTDS + dSpace

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015

IEEE 39 bus system

0 10 20 30 40 50 60-2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

0 10 20 30 40 50 60-2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12



Tip speed ratio λ



AC

T1PT

SCFCLT2

G

Relay

D/AD/D D/D

RTDSSimulation

Hardware

puRL 1.11=

puX L 1.0=1S

B1 B2 B3

CT


T1

T2

0.206e-3 + j*0.00419

Line Length (km)

100

1000.206e-3 + j*0.00419


S1

G

0.0478 + j*0.125

0.0021 + j*0.402


230

230

Sbase

Vbase

590 MVA

230 kV

0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.2-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

t (s )



Current (kA) Relay

State

Normal

Trip

0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.2-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

t (s )



Current (kA) Relay

State

Normal

Trip




ROS

za

HUT

zb

V1(k)

V1(k-1)

I(k)

I(k)

AMPINT

Simulated System

V2(k)

+_

Z*=f(V, I)

0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5-0.2

0

0.2

time (s)

curr

ent (

kA)




+_

zfilt



CAPS in NHMFL




2

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015

IEEE 39 bus system

0 10 20 30 40 50 60-2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

0 10 20 30 40 50 60-2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12



Tip speed ratio λ



AC

T1PT

SCFCLT2

G

Relay

D/AD/D D/D

RTDSSimulation

Hardware

puRL 1.11=

puX L 1.0=1S

B1 B2 B3

CT


T1

T2

0.206e-3 + j*0.00419

Line Length (km)

100

1000.206e-3 + j*0.00419


S1

G

0.0478 + j*0.125

0.0021 + j*0.402


230

230

Sbase

Vbase

590 MVA

230 kV

0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.2-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

t (s )



Current (kA) Relay

State

Normal

Trip

0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.2-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

t (s )



Current (kA) Relay

State

Normal

Trip




ROS

za

HUT

zb

V1(k)

V1(k-1)

I(k)

I(k)

AMPINT

Simulated System

V2(k)

+_

Z*=f(V, I)

0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5-0.2

0

0.2

time (s)

curr

ent (

kA)




+_

zfilt



CAPS in NHMFL



Complete 14 RTDS Installation at CAPS


First Geographically Distributed SACADA to RTDS Testing (SNL & CAPS)


2

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015

IEEE 39 bus system

0 10 20 30 40 50 60-2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

0 10 20 30 40 50 60-2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12



Tip speed ratio λ



AC

T1PT

SCFCLT2

G

Relay

D/AD/D D/D

RTDSSimulation

Hardware

puRL 1.11=

puX L 1.0=1S

B1 B2 B3

CT


T1

T2

0.206e-3 + j*0.00419

Line Length (km)

100

1000.206e-3 + j*0.00419


S1

G

0.0478 + j*0.125

0.0021 + j*0.402


230

230

Sbase

Vbase

590 MVA

230 kV

0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.2-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

t (s )



Current (kA) Relay

State

Normal

Trip

0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.2-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

t (s )



Current (kA) Relay

State

Normal

Trip




ROS

za

HUT

zb

V1(k)

V1(k-1)

I(k)

I(k)

AMPINT

Simulated System

V2(k)

+_

Z*=f(V, I)

0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5-0.2

0

0.2

time (s)

curr

ent (

kA)




+_

zfilt



CAPS in NHMFL






2

Time [s]

Hydrodynamic load torque

Torque measured at the motor shaft

Motor speed

Utility4.16 kVbus

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M2

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M1

2.5MW

Dynos: 5 MW @ 225 rpm

Simulate Electric System Response

Simulate DynamicTorque Loads

FeedbackMeasured Data

Real TimeSimulator

7.5MVA

12.47 kV

50 MVA 115 kV systemCity of Tallahassee

First MW scale PHIL of Ship “Crashback” Maneuver

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015

IEEE 39 bus system

0 10 20 30 40 50 60-2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

0 10 20 30 40 50 60-2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12



Tip speed ratio λ



AC

T1PT

SCFCLT2

G

Relay

D/AD/D D/D

RTDSSimulation

Hardware

puRL 1.11=

puX L 1.0=1S

B1 B2 B3

CT


T1

T2

0.206e-3 + j*0.00419

Line Length (km)

100

1000.206e-3 + j*0.00419


S1

G

0.0478 + j*0.125

0.0021 + j*0.402


230

230

Sbase

Vbase

590 MVA

230 kV

0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.2-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

t (s )



Current (kA) Relay

State

Normal

Trip

0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.2-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

t (s )



Current (kA) Relay

State

Normal

Trip




ROS

za

HUT

zb

V1(k)

V1(k-1)

I(k)

I(k)

AMPINT

Simulated System

V2(k)

+_

Z*=f(V, I)

0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5-0.2

0

0.2

time (s)

curr

ent (

kA)




+_

zfilt


Time [s]



Motor speed

Utility4.16 kVbus

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M2

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M1

2.5MW





Real TimeSimulator

7.5MVA

12.47 kV


First MW scale PHIL of Ship “Crashback” ManeuverFirst 4 RTDS Racks at CAPS

CAPS in NHMFL






2

M3 Spee

d fe

edba

ck

Torq

ue

refe

renc

e

Speed reference

Torq

ue fe

edba

ck

4.16kV/60Hz utility feed

VSD

2

VSD

1

VSD

3

M1M2

Gaseous He refrigeration

Exciter

Fiel

d cu

rren

t mea

sure

men

t

Real TimeSimulator

First PHIL with 5 MW HTS Ship Propulsion Motor

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015

IEEE 39 bus system

0 10 20 30 40 50 60-2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

0 10 20 30 40 50 60-2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12



Tip speed ratio λ



AC

T1PT

SCFCLT2

G

Relay

D/AD/D D/D

RTDSSimulation

Hardware

puRL 1.11=

puX L 1.0=1S

B1 B2 B3

CT


T1

T2

0.206e-3 + j*0.00419

Line Length (km)

100

1000.206e-3 + j*0.00419


S1

G

0.0478 + j*0.125

0.0021 + j*0.402


230

230

Sbase

Vbase

590 MVA

230 kV

0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.2-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

t (s )



Current (kA) Relay

State

Normal

Trip

0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.2-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

t (s )



Current (kA) Relay

State

Normal

Trip




ROS

za

HUT

zb

V1(k)

V1(k-1)

I(k)

I(k)

AMPINT

Simulated System

V2(k)

+_

Z*=f(V, I)

0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5-0.2

0

0.2

time (s)

curr

ent (

kA)




+_

zfilt


Time [s]



Motor speed

Utility4.16 kVbus

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M2

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M1

2.5MW





Real TimeSimulator

7.5MVA

12.47 kV



M3 Spee

d fe

edba

ck

Torq

ue

refe

renc

e

Speed reference

Torq

ue fe

edba

ck


VSD

2

VSD

1

VSD

3

M1M2


Exciter

Fiel

d cu

rren

t mea

sure

men

t

Real TimeSimulator



CAPS in NHMFL






2

Measurement with 2.5 MW converter under load

1 pu = 1.15 kV

t [s]

CHIL for Optimizing VVS Controller

Simulator Model Builder GUI Front End RT Simulator

Hardware

Simulator Run-Time GUI Front End

RT Simulator Terminal

Universal Controller Hardware

D/A , D/D Conv

A/D, D/D Conv

Universal Controller Terminal

Batch Mode Scripting

Optimization Algorithm

Controller Settings

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015

IEEE 39 bus system

0 10 20 30 40 50 60-2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

0 10 20 30 40 50 60-2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12



Tip speed ratio λ



AC

T1PT

SCFCLT2

G

Relay

D/AD/D D/D

RTDSSimulation

Hardware

puRL 1.11=

puX L 1.0=1S

B1 B2 B3

CT


T1

T2

0.206e-3 + j*0.00419

Line Length (km)

100

1000.206e-3 + j*0.00419


S1

G

0.0478 + j*0.125

0.0021 + j*0.402


230

230

Sbase

Vbase

590 MVA

230 kV

0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.2-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

t (s )



Current (kA) Relay

State

Normal

Trip

0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.2-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

t (s )



Current (kA) Relay

State

Normal

Trip




ROS

za

HUT

zb

V1(k)

V1(k-1)

I(k)

I(k)

AMPINT

Simulated System

V2(k)

+_

Z*=f(V, I)

0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5-0.2

0

0.2

time (s)

curr

ent (

kA)




+_

zfilt


Time [s]



Motor speed

Utility4.16 kVbus

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M2

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M1

2.5MW





Real TimeSimulator

7.5MVA

12.47 kV



M3 Spee

d fe

edba

ck

Torq

ue

refe

renc

e

Speed reference

Torq

ue fe

edba

ck


VSD

2

VSD

1

VSD

3

M1M2


Exciter

Fiel

d cu

rren

t mea

sure

men

t

Real TimeSimulator



1 pu = 1.15 kV

t [s]



Hardware




D/A , D/D Conv

A/D, D/D Conv




Controller Settings


CAPS in NHMFL






2

Commissioning 5 MW Variable Voltage Source “VVS” System: 4.16 (8.2) kVAC & 1.1 kVDC

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015

IEEE 39 bus system

0 10 20 30 40 50 60-2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

0 10 20 30 40 50 60-2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12



Tip speed ratio λ



AC

T1PT

SCFCLT2

G

Relay

D/AD/D D/D

RTDSSimulation

Hardware

puRL 1.11=

puX L 1.0=1S

B1 B2 B3

CT


T1

T2

0.206e-3 + j*0.00419

Line Length (km)

100

1000.206e-3 + j*0.00419


S1

G

0.0478 + j*0.125

0.0021 + j*0.402


230

230

Sbase

Vbase

590 MVA

230 kV

0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.2-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

t (s )



Current (kA) Relay

State

Normal

Trip

0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.2-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

t (s )



Current (kA) Relay

State

Normal

Trip




ROS

za

HUT

zb

V1(k)

V1(k-1)

I(k)

I(k)

AMPINT

Simulated System

V2(k)

+_

Z*=f(V, I)

0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5-0.2

0

0.2

time (s)

curr

ent (

kA)




+_

zfilt


Time [s]



Motor speed

Utility4.16 kVbus

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M2

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M1

2.5MW





Real TimeSimulator

7.5MVA

12.47 kV



M3 Spee

d fe

edba

ck

Torq

ue

refe

renc

e

Speed reference

Torq

ue fe

edba

ck


VSD

2

VSD

1

VSD

3

M1M2


Exciter

Fiel

d cu

rren

t mea

sure

men

t

Real TimeSimulator

First PHIL with 5 MW HTS Ship Propulsion MotorCommissioning 5 MW Variable Voltage Source

“VVS” System: 4.16 (8.2) kVAC & 1.1 kVDC


1 pu = 1.15 kV

t [s]



Hardware




D/A , D/D Conv

A/D, D/D Conv




Controller Settings


CAPS in NHMFL






3

IEEE 39 bus system




Distance Relay and Fault Current LimiterTesting PHIL Interface Algorithms




CHIL for Optimizing VVS ControllerFirst 4 RTDS Racks at CAPS

Real Time Digital Simulator

D/A

A/DHardware response

Simulated System response

External Hardware

STATCOM controller by NCSU

2 VLL, 3 IL

24 firing

pulses≈≈

69 kV

≈≈

C1 C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

FSIG1Turbine 1

ModelWind

speed 1

CaT

1

CbT

1

34.5 kV

SS1

Turbine N Model

Wind speed N

CaT

N

CbT

N

SSn

N units connected

through underground

cabling

0.6 kV

TT1

TTN

STATCOM

Utility system

CWDM FS MP

69 kV69 kV

TCW

WF

Turbine i Model

Wind speed i

CaT

i

CbT

i

SSiTTi

FSIGi

FSIGN

PCC

BPA System– 85 μs time-step size, 1 Rack

Wind Farm– Modeled with 36 individual turbines– 85 μs time-step size, 12 Racks

Statcom– Simulated with 2 μs time-step, 1 Rack

CHIL Testing of Windfarm STATCOM Controller

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015


D/A



External Hardware


2 VLL, 3 IL

24 firing

pulses≈≈

69 kV

≈≈

C1 C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

FSIG1Turbine 1

ModelWind

speed 1

CaT

1

CbT

1

34.5 kV

SS1

Turbine N Model

Wind speed N

CaT

N

CbT

N

SSn

N units connected

through underground

cabling

0.6 kV

TT1

TTN

STATCOM

Utility system

CWDM FS MP

69 kV69 kV

TCW

WF

Turbine i Model

Wind speed i

CaT

i

CbT

i

SSiTTi

FSIGi

FSIGN

PCC





CAPS in NHMFL




3

IEEE 39 bus system









FCL voltage (inverted)

Ip,lim = 0.7 kAVp,lim = 1.8 kV

Vsource=1 kV, Ip=15 kA4.16 kV utility bus

4.16 kV experimental bus

AC current reference

from RTDS

AC Voltage feedback to

RTDS 5 MW Converter „Amplifier“

FCL element

Real Time Simulator RTDS

First MW scale PHIL experiments with FCLs at medium voltage

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015






from RTDS



FCL element




D/A



External Hardware


2 VLL, 3 IL

24 firing

pulses≈≈

69 kV

≈≈

C1 C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

FSIG1Turbine 1

ModelWind

speed 1

CaT

1

CbT

1

34.5 kV

SS1

Turbine N Model

Wind speed N

CaT

N

CbT

N

SSn

N units connected

through underground

cabling

0.6 kV

TT1

TTN

STATCOM

Utility system

CWDM FS MP

69 kV69 kV

TCW

WF

Turbine i Model

Wind speed i

CaT

i

CbT

i

SSiTTi

FSIGi

FSIGN

PCC





CAPS in NHMFL




3

IEEE 39 bus system









VSD2 VSD1

VVS1

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M1

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M2

Dynamometers 2x2.5 MW @ 225 rpm

4.16 kV utility bus

VVS2T1

12.47 kV feeder

T0115 kV utility system


=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

4.16 kV experimental AC bus

DC bus0-1.1 kV

Simulates Electric System Response

Real Time Simulator

T6

T2

Dynamic Torque Request

Dynamic Speed Request Bus voltage reference

Load current feedback

Customer supplied mechanical load

VREF IMEAS

T3

VMEAS

0 2 4 6 8-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

VVS

Pow

er (

MW

)

0 2 4 6 8-50

0

50

100

Mot

or S

peed

, RP

M

0 2 4 6 8-10

0

10

20

Time (s)

Torq

ue R

efer

ence

(kN

m)

First MW scale PHIL experiments with motor drive at medium voltage

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015






from RTDS



FCL element




D/A



External Hardware


2 VLL, 3 IL

24 firing

pulses≈≈

69 kV

≈≈

C1 C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

FSIG1Turbine 1

ModelWind

speed 1

CaT

1

CbT

1

34.5 kV

SS1

Turbine N Model

Wind speed N

CaT

N

CbT

N

SSn

N units connected

through underground

cabling

0.6 kV

TT1

TTN

STATCOM

Utility system

CWDM FS MP

69 kV69 kV

TCW

WF

Turbine i Model

Wind speed i

CaT

i

CbT

i

SSiTTi

FSIGi

FSIGN

PCC





VSD2 VSD1

VVS1

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M1

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M2


4.16 kV utility bus

VVS2T1

12.47 kV feeder



=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=


DC bus0-1.1 kV


Real Time Simulator

T6

T2





VREF IMEAS

T3

VMEAS

0 2 4 6 8-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

VVS

Pow

er (

MW

)

0 2 4 6 8-50

0

50

100

Mot

or S

peed

, RP

M

0 2 4 6 8-10

0

10

20

Time (s)

Torq

ue R

efer

ence

(kN

m)


CAPS in NHMFL




3

IEEE 39 bus system









“INTERNET”

(LAMBDA RAIL-

U of A LAN

RTDS RACK ELECTRICAL MODEL

DIGITAL I/O µCONTROLLER

FSU/CAPS “Gateway

PC”

OPAL-RT SIMULATOR (THERMAL MODEL)

(See Fig. 4)

CAPS LAN

Geographically Distributed Electro-Thermal CoSim w/ OPAL-RT

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015






from RTDS



FCL element




D/A



External Hardware


2 VLL, 3 IL

24 firing

pulses≈≈

69 kV

≈≈

C1 C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

FSIG1Turbine 1

ModelWind

speed 1

CaT

1

CbT

1

34.5 kV

SS1

Turbine N Model

Wind speed N

CaT

N

CbT

N

SSn

N units connected

through underground

cabling

0.6 kV

TT1

TTN

STATCOM

Utility system

CWDM FS MP

69 kV69 kV

TCW

WF

Turbine i Model

Wind speed i

CaT

i

CbT

i

SSiTTi

FSIGi

FSIGN

PCC





“INTERNET”

(LAMBDA RAIL-

U of A LAN



FSU/CAPS “Gateway

PC”


(See Fig. 4)

CAPS LAN


VSD2 VSD1

VVS1

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M1

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M2


4.16 kV utility bus

VVS2T1

12.47 kV feeder



=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=


DC bus0-1.1 kV


Real Time Simulator

T6

T2





VREF IMEAS

T3

VMEAS

0 2 4 6 8-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

VVS

Pow

er (

MW

)

0 2 4 6 8-50

0

50

100

Mot

or S

peed

, RP

M

0 2 4 6 8-10

0

10

20

Time (s)

Torq

ue R

efer

ence

(kN

m)


CAPS in NHMFL




3

IEEE 39 bus system









2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015






from RTDS



FCL element




D/A



External Hardware


2 VLL, 3 IL

24 firing

pulses≈≈

69 kV

≈≈

C1 C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

FSIG1Turbine 1

ModelWind

speed 1

CaT

1

CbT

1

34.5 kV

SS1

Turbine N Model

Wind speed N

CaT

N

CbT

N

SSn

N units connected

through underground

cabling

0.6 kV

TT1

TTN

STATCOM

Utility system

CWDM FS MP

69 kV69 kV

TCW

WF

Turbine i Model

Wind speed i

CaT

i

CbT

i

SSiTTi

FSIGi

FSIGN

PCC





“INTERNET”

(LAMBDA RAIL-

U of A LAN



FSU/CAPS “Gateway

PC”


(See Fig. 4)

CAPS LAN


VSD2 VSD1

VVS1

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M1

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M2


4.16 kV utility bus

VVS2T1

12.47 kV feeder



=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=


DC bus0-1.1 kV


Real Time Simulator

T6

T2





VREF IMEAS

T3

VMEAS

0 2 4 6 8-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

VVS

Pow

er (

MW

)

0 2 4 6 8-50

0

50

100

Mot

or S

peed

, RP

M

0 2 4 6 8-10

0

10

20

Time (s)

Torq

ue R

efer

ence

(kN

m)


First OPAL-RT at CAPS

First OPAL-RT at CAPS

CAPS in NHMFL




3

IEEE 39 bus system









0…24,000 rpm

0…3,600 rpm

0…450 rpm

High Speed Machinery Test Stand

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015






from RTDS



FCL element




D/A



External Hardware


2 VLL, 3 IL

24 firing

pulses≈≈

69 kV

≈≈

C1 C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

FSIG1Turbine 1

ModelWind

speed 1

CaT

1

CbT

1

34.5 kV

SS1

Turbine N Model

Wind speed N

CaT

N

CbT

N

SSn

N units connected

through underground

cabling

0.6 kV

TT1

TTN

STATCOM

Utility system

CWDM FS MP

69 kV69 kV

TCW

WF

Turbine i Model

Wind speed i

CaT

i

CbT

i

SSiTTi

FSIGi

FSIGN

PCC





“INTERNET”

(LAMBDA RAIL-

U of A LAN



FSU/CAPS “Gateway

PC”


(See Fig. 4)

CAPS LAN


0…24,000 rpm

0…3,600 rpm

0…450 rpm


VSD2 VSD1

VVS1

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M1

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M2


4.16 kV utility bus

VVS2T1

12.47 kV feeder



=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=


DC bus0-1.1 kV


Real Time Simulator

T6

T2





VREF IMEAS

T3

VMEAS

0 2 4 6 8-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

VVS

Pow

er (

MW

)

0 2 4 6 8-50

0

50

100

Mot

or S

peed

, RP

M

0 2 4 6 8-10

0

10

20

Time (s)

Torq

ue R

efer

ence

(kN

m)

First MW scale PHIL experiments with motor drive at medium voltageFirst OPAL-RT at CAPS

CAPS in NHMFL




3

IEEE 39 bus system









Distributed Controls (DC) computing layer

RT simulation of electric power system

RT simulation of Controls Communications

Cyber-Physical RT Simulation Test Bed


Fast data links between DC and power components:

RT simulator specific




2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015






from RTDS



FCL element




D/A



External Hardware


2 VLL, 3 IL

24 firing

pulses≈≈

69 kV

≈≈

C1 C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

FSIG1Turbine 1

ModelWind

speed 1

CaT

1

CbT

1

34.5 kV

SS1

Turbine N Model

Wind speed N

CaT

N

CbT

N

SSn

N units connected

through underground

cabling

0.6 kV

TT1

TTN

STATCOM

Utility system

CWDM FS MP

69 kV69 kV

TCW

WF

Turbine i Model

Wind speed i

CaT

i

CbT

i

SSiTTi

FSIGi

FSIGN

PCC





“INTERNET”

(LAMBDA RAIL-

U of A LAN



FSU/CAPS “Gateway

PC”


(See Fig. 4)

CAPS LAN


0…24,000 rpm

0…3,600 rpm

0…450 rpm


VSD2 VSD1

VVS1

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M1

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M2


4.16 kV utility bus

VVS2T1

12.47 kV feeder



=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=


DC bus0-1.1 kV


Real Time Simulator

T6

T2





VREF IMEAS

T3

VMEAS

0 2 4 6 8-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

VVS

Pow

er (

MW

)

0 2 4 6 8-50

0

50

100

Mot

or S

peed

, RP

M

0 2 4 6 8-10

0

10

20

Time (s)

Torq

ue R

efer

ence

(kN

m)


CAPS in NHMFL




3

IEEE 39 bus system













2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015






from RTDS



FCL element




D/A



External Hardware


2 VLL, 3 IL

24 firing

pulses≈≈

69 kV

≈≈

C1 C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

FSIG1Turbine 1

ModelWind

speed 1

CaT

1

CbT

1

34.5 kV

SS1

Turbine N Model

Wind speed N

CaT

N

CbT

N

SSn

N units connected

through underground

cabling

0.6 kV

TT1

TTN

STATCOM

Utility system

CWDM FS MP

69 kV69 kV

TCW

WF

Turbine i Model

Wind speed i

CaT

i

CbT

i

SSiTTi

FSIGi

FSIGN

PCC





“INTERNET”

(LAMBDA RAIL-

U of A LAN



FSU/CAPS “Gateway

PC”


(See Fig. 4)

CAPS LAN


0…24,000 rpm

0…3,600 rpm

0…450 rpm


VSD2 VSD1

VVS1

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M1

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M2


4.16 kV utility bus

VVS2T1

12.47 kV feeder



=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=


DC bus0-1.1 kV


Real Time Simulator

T6

T2





VREF IMEAS

T3

VMEAS

0 2 4 6 8-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

VVS

Pow

er (

MW

)

0 2 4 6 8-50

0

50

100

Mot

or S

peed

, RP

M

0 2 4 6 8-10

0

10

20

Time (s)

Torq

ue R

efer

ence

(kN

m)


CAPS in NHMFL



Grand Opening NREL - ESIF



3

IEEE 39 bus system













10kW class “Virtual” Motor Demo

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015






from RTDS



FCL element




D/A



External Hardware


2 VLL, 3 IL

24 firing

pulses≈≈

69 kV

≈≈

C1 C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

FSIG1Turbine 1

ModelWind

speed 1

CaT

1

CbT

1

34.5 kV

SS1

Turbine N Model

Wind speed N

CaT

N

CbT

N

SSn

N units connected

through underground

cabling

0.6 kV

TT1

TTN

STATCOM

Utility system

CWDM FS MP

69 kV69 kV

TCW

WF

Turbine i Model

Wind speed i

CaT

i

CbT

i

SSiTTi

FSIGi

FSIGN

PCC





“INTERNET”

(LAMBDA RAIL-

U of A LAN



FSU/CAPS “Gateway

PC”


(See Fig. 4)

CAPS LAN


0…24,000 rpm

0…3,600 rpm

0…450 rpm



VSD2 VSD1

VVS1

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M1

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M2


4.16 kV utility bus

VVS2T1

12.47 kV feeder



=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=


DC bus0-1.1 kV


Real Time Simulator

T6

T2





VREF IMEAS

T3

VMEAS

0 2 4 6 8-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

VVS

Pow

er (

MW

)

0 2 4 6 8-50

0

50

100

Mot

or S

peed

, RP

M

0 2 4 6 8-10

0

10

20

Time (s)

Torq

ue R

efer

ence

(kN

m)


CAPS in NHMFL





3

IEEE 39 bus system













First full PHIL with 500 kW PV converter

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015






from RTDS



FCL element




D/A



External Hardware


2 VLL, 3 IL

24 firing

pulses≈≈

69 kV

≈≈

C1 C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

FSIG1Turbine 1

ModelWind

speed 1

CaT

1

CbT

1

34.5 kV

SS1

Turbine N Model

Wind speed N

CaT

N

CbT

N

SSn

N units connected

through underground

cabling

0.6 kV

TT1

TTN

STATCOM

Utility system

CWDM FS MP

69 kV69 kV

TCW

WF

Turbine i Model

Wind speed i

CaT

i

CbT

i

SSiTTi

FSIGi

FSIGN

PCC





“INTERNET”

(LAMBDA RAIL-

U of A LAN



FSU/CAPS “Gateway

PC”


(See Fig. 4)

CAPS LAN


0…24,000 rpm

0…3,600 rpm

0…450 rpm




VSD2 VSD1

VVS1

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M1

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M2


4.16 kV utility bus

VVS2T1

12.47 kV feeder



=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=


DC bus0-1.1 kV


Real Time Simulator

T6

T2





VREF IMEAS

T3

VMEAS

0 2 4 6 8-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

VVS

Pow

er (

MW

)

0 2 4 6 8-50

0

50

100

Mot

or S

peed

, RP

M

0 2 4 6 8-10

0

10

20

Time (s)

Torq

ue R

efer

ence

(kN

m)


CAPS in NHMFL





3

IEEE 39 bus system













VVS

Rectifier

Gearbox DynoGenerator

+-

DAQ

~

RTDS

VoltageOpen/CloseTrigger/Synch

Voltage/Current/

Duty Cycle SpeedVoltage

Current

Speed/Torque

Measured Quantities

1.6 MW in400 ms

0…24,000 rpm

0…3,600 rpm

0…450 rpm

Dynamometers1st stage gear box2nd stage gear box

PHIL Testing High Speed Generator

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015






from RTDS



FCL element




D/A



External Hardware


2 VLL, 3 IL

24 firing

pulses≈≈

69 kV

≈≈

C1 C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

FSIG1Turbine 1

ModelWind

speed 1

CaT

1

CbT

1

34.5 kV

SS1

Turbine N Model

Wind speed N

CaT

N

CbT

N

SSn

N units connected

through underground

cabling

0.6 kV

TT1

TTN

STATCOM

Utility system

CWDM FS MP

69 kV69 kV

TCW

WF

Turbine i Model

Wind speed i

CaT

i

CbT

i

SSiTTi

FSIGi

FSIGN

PCC





“INTERNET”

(LAMBDA RAIL-

U of A LAN



FSU/CAPS “Gateway

PC”


(See Fig. 4)

CAPS LAN


0…24,000 rpm

0…3,600 rpm

0…450 rpm




VVS

Rectifier


+-

DAQ

~

RTDS


Voltage/Current/


Current

Speed/Torque

Measured Quantities

1.6 MW in400 ms

0…24,000 rpm

0…3,600 rpm

0…450 rpm



VSD2 VSD1

VVS1

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M1

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M2


4.16 kV utility bus

VVS2T1

12.47 kV feeder



=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=


DC bus0-1.1 kV


Real Time Simulator

T6

T2





VREF IMEAS

T3

VMEAS

0 2 4 6 8-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

VVS

Pow

er (

MW

)

0 2 4 6 8-50

0

50

100

Mot

or S

peed

, RP

M

0 2 4 6 8-10

0

10

20

Time (s)

Torq

ue R

efer

ence

(kN

m)


CAPS in NHMFL





3

IEEE 39 bus system













2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015






from RTDS



FCL element




D/A



External Hardware


2 VLL, 3 IL

24 firing

pulses≈≈

69 kV

≈≈

C1 C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

FSIG1Turbine 1

ModelWind

speed 1

CaT

1

CbT

1

34.5 kV

SS1

Turbine N Model

Wind speed N

CaT

N

CbT

N

SSn

N units connected

through underground

cabling

0.6 kV

TT1

TTN

STATCOM

Utility system

CWDM FS MP

69 kV69 kV

TCW

WF

Turbine i Model

Wind speed i

CaT

i

CbT

i

SSiTTi

FSIGi

FSIGN

PCC





“INTERNET”

(LAMBDA RAIL-

U of A LAN



FSU/CAPS “Gateway

PC”


(See Fig. 4)

CAPS LAN


0…24,000 rpm

0…3,600 rpm

0…450 rpm




VVS

Rectifier


+-

DAQ

~

RTDS


Voltage/Current/


Current

Speed/Torque

Measured Quantities

1.6 MW in400 ms

0…24,000 rpm

0…3,600 rpm

0…450 rpm



VSD2 VSD1

VVS1

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M1

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M2


4.16 kV utility bus

VVS2T1

12.47 kV feeder



=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=


DC bus0-1.1 kV


Real Time Simulator

T6

T2





VREF IMEAS

T3

VMEAS

0 2 4 6 8-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

VVS

Pow

er (

MW

)

0 2 4 6 8-50

0

50

100

Mot

or S

peed

, RP

M

0 2 4 6 8-10

0

10

20

Time (s)

Torq

ue R

efer

ence

(kN

m)


CAPS in NHMFL




Grand Opening Clemson - EGrid

Grand Opening Clemson - EGrid


3

IEEE 39 bus system













2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015






from RTDS



FCL element




D/A



External Hardware


2 VLL, 3 IL

24 firing

pulses≈≈

69 kV

≈≈

C1 C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

FSIG1Turbine 1

ModelWind

speed 1

CaT

1

CbT

1

34.5 kV

SS1

Turbine N Model

Wind speed N

CaT

N

CbT

N

SSn

N units connected

through underground

cabling

0.6 kV

TT1

TTN

STATCOM

Utility system

CWDM FS MP

69 kV69 kV

TCW

WF

Turbine i Model

Wind speed i

CaT

i

CbT

i

SSiTTi

FSIGi

FSIGN

PCC





“INTERNET”

(LAMBDA RAIL-

U of A LAN



FSU/CAPS “Gateway

PC”


(See Fig. 4)

CAPS LAN


0…24,000 rpm

0…3,600 rpm

0…450 rpm




VVS

Rectifier


+-

DAQ

~

RTDS


Voltage/Current/


Current

Speed/Torque

Measured Quantities

1.6 MW in400 ms

0…24,000 rpm

0…3,600 rpm

0…450 rpm



VSD2 VSD1

VVS1

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M1

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M2


4.16 kV utility bus

VVS2T1

12.47 kV feeder



=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=


DC bus0-1.1 kV


Real Time Simulator

T6

T2





VREF IMEAS

T3

VMEAS

0 2 4 6 8-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

VVS

Pow

er (

MW

)

0 2 4 6 8-50

0

50

100

Mot

or S

peed

, RP

M

0 2 4 6 8-10

0

10

20

Time (s)

Torq

ue R

efer

ence

(kN

m)


CAPS in NHMFL



Second OPAL-RT System at CAPS


Grand Opening NREL - ESIFGrand Opening Clemson - EGrid


3

IEEE 39 bus system













Hardware

Simulated Surrounding System

DC Amp

AC AmpDUT

Voltage References

Current Reference

Voltage and Current Measurements

DRTS

PHIL Testing of MW scale Naval AC-DC Converter

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015






from RTDS



FCL element




D/A



External Hardware


2 VLL, 3 IL

24 firing

pulses≈≈

69 kV

≈≈

C1 C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

FSIG1Turbine 1

ModelWind

speed 1

CaT

1

CbT

1

34.5 kV

SS1

Turbine N Model

Wind speed N

CaT

N

CbT

N

SSn

N units connected

through underground

cabling

0.6 kV

TT1

TTN

STATCOM

Utility system

CWDM FS MP

69 kV69 kV

TCW

WF

Turbine i Model

Wind speed i

CaT

i

CbT

i

SSiTTi

FSIGi

FSIGN

PCC





“INTERNET”

(LAMBDA RAIL-

U of A LAN



FSU/CAPS “Gateway

PC”


(See Fig. 4)

CAPS LAN


0…24,000 rpm

0…3,600 rpm

0…450 rpm




Hardware


DC Amp

AC AmpDUT

Voltage References

Current Reference


DRTS


VVS

Rectifier


+-

DAQ

~

RTDS


Voltage/Current/


Current

Speed/Torque

Measured Quantities

1.6 MW in400 ms

0…24,000 rpm

0…3,600 rpm

0…450 rpm



VSD2 VSD1

VVS1

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M1

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M2


4.16 kV utility bus

VVS2T1

12.47 kV feeder



=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=


DC bus0-1.1 kV


Real Time Simulator

T6

T2





VREF IMEAS

T3

VMEAS

0 2 4 6 8-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

VVS

Pow

er (

MW

)

0 2 4 6 8-50

0

50

100

Mot

or S

peed

, RP

M

0 2 4 6 8-10

0

10

20

Time (s)

Torq

ue R

efer

ence

(kN

m)


CAPS in NHMFL






3

IEEE 39 bus system













Dynapower needed to test a 1 MW DC-AC inverter for standard compliance

European Certifying Agency“Technischer Uberwachungsverein” (TUV)

witnessed tests at CAPS and certified results

Italian standard requires 50 Hzand variations in symmetric and asymmetric voltage conditions

Norma Italiana CEI, CEI 0-16, Reference technical rules for the connection of active and passive consumers to the HV and MV electrical networks of distribution companies, December 2013.

LV Ride-Through Tests using the VVS

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015






from RTDS



FCL element




D/A



External Hardware


2 VLL, 3 IL

24 firing

pulses≈≈

69 kV

≈≈

C1 C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

FSIG1Turbine 1

ModelWind

speed 1

CaT

1

CbT

1

34.5 kV

SS1

Turbine N Model

Wind speed N

CaT

N

CbT

N

SSn

N units connected

through underground

cabling

0.6 kV

TT1

TTN

STATCOM

Utility system

CWDM FS MP

69 kV69 kV

TCW

WF

Turbine i Model

Wind speed i

CaT

i

CbT

i

SSiTTi

FSIGi

FSIGN

PCC





“INTERNET”

(LAMBDA RAIL-

U of A LAN



FSU/CAPS “Gateway

PC”


(See Fig. 4)

CAPS LAN


0…24,000 rpm

0…3,600 rpm

0…450 rpm




Hardware


DC Amp

AC AmpDUT

Voltage References

Current Reference


DRTS


VVS

Rectifier


+-

DAQ

~

RTDS


Voltage/Current/


Current

Speed/Torque

Measured Quantities

1.6 MW in400 ms

0…24,000 rpm

0…3,600 rpm

0…450 rpm



Dynapower needed to test a 1 MW DC-AC inverter for standard compliance

European Certifying Agency“Technischer Uberwachungsverein” (TUV)

witnessed tests at CAPS and certified results

Italian standard requires 50 Hzand variations in symmetric and asymmetric voltage conditions

Norma Italiana CEI, CEI 0-16, Reference technical rules for the connection of active and passive consumers to the HV and MV electrical networks of distribution companies, December 2013.

LV Ride-Through Tests using the VVS

VSD2 VSD1

VVS1

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M1

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

M2


4.16 kV utility bus

VVS2T1

12.47 kV feeder



=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=

=

~

=

~

~

=

~

=


DC bus0-1.1 kV


Real Time Simulator

T6

T2





VREF IMEAS

T3

VMEAS

0 2 4 6 8-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

VVS

Pow

er (

MW

)

0 2 4 6 8-50

0

50

100

Mot

or S

peed

, RP

M

0 2 4 6 8-10

0

10

20

Time (s)

Torq

ue R

efer

ence

(kN

m)


CAPS in NHMFL





New CAPS MVDC Lab

4

T11 T12

MMC #3

MMC #2

MMC #1

MMC #4 Pre- Charge

Master Controls & RTDS Interfaces

4 individual Modular Multi-Cell (MMC) Converters

Each 0…+/-6 kVdc, 0…+/- 210 A

12 kHz effective switching frequency

Galvanically isolated

Any series & parallel configuration possible


Full Bridge MMC

5

FB cell

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FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

PU

U

V

W

DC+

DC-

GND

• Allows insertion of capacitor voltage in either polarity • Fewer cells per phase arm for MVDC applications • Superior voltage control • Capability to fully control DC currents, even if Vdc <<

S11

S12

C_c1 R_c1

S21

S22

C_c2 R_c2

S31

S32

C_c3 R_c3

S41

S42

C_c4 R_c4


MMC Controller HIL (CHIL) Simulation

6

Voltages Currents

Firing pulses

Two full converters modeled in RTDS (dt = 2us) Two converter controls interfaced with RTDS

CHIL simulation of the PHIL amplifier is an essential tools to de-risking PHIL experiments

32

FB cell

FB cell

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FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

PU

U

V

W

DC+

DC-

FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

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FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

FB cell

PU

U

V

W

DC+

DC-

S11

S12

C_c1 R_c1

S21

S22

C_c2 R_c2

S31

S32

C_c3 R_c3

S41

S42

C_c4 R_c4


MVDC Lab Experimental Possibilities

7

12.47 kV

MVDC Lab

Utility

MMCController

MMCController

+ -

MMC

Controller

MMC

Controller

+ -

+ -+ -

MVDC Lab

Distributed Energy Storage Management

System Stability Studies

Fault Management

Pulsed Power Management

PHIL Testing of MVDC

Equipment (i.e. DUT)

Disconnect individual converter chassis from earth

ground


FSU-CAPS 3 x 5 MW Facilities

8 34 11/5/2015 3rd Grid Sim Workshop

PHIL based Rapid Power Transfer

9 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: Approved for Public release, Distribution is unlimited

• Power transfer with different rates • 5 ms delay in action of second load • AC voltage and frequency fluctuation is minimal • Generator power reaches 1.5 pu for 15 ms

750 kW, 5 kV, 150 A 3.9 MW, 4.16 kV, 60 Hz

Energy Storage Control via MVDC Bus

10

Compensation of load fluctuations with ES locally controlled from

MVDC bus


IMU Testing at FSU-CAPS

11

• Installed and commissioned on May 18th • Goal: Exercising the IMU on active loads & sources • Individual PEBB tests: OK • Discovered effects of HF common-mode currents • Improved EMI, learned valuable lessons for

PEBB-1000 and PEBB-6000 programs


Fault Management in Breaker-less MVDC shipboard power systems

12

Fault clearance process of MVDC system

Detect and localize fault

Re-energize system

De-energize system

Isolate faulted segment

• Identify and isolate short-circuit faults via coordinated control of power converters and non-fault-breaking ultra-fast mechanical disconnects

• Challenges Looped system with multiple sources Fault current waveforms (transients during faults) Bi-directional power flow from power electronics Targeted system response (1) to (4): 8 ms

• Primary – Centralized Fault Management (CFM) Based on federated data aquistion Instantaneous percentage differential scheme

• Backup – Localized Fault Management (LFM) Based only on local measurements Distance protection principle


Current Limiting with MMCs

13

-5 0 5 10 15

x 10-3

0

0.5

1

1.5

DC v

oltag

e (k

V)

Time (s)

Exp

CHIL

-5 0 5 10 15

x 10-3

-0.1

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

DC c

urre

nt (k

A)

Time (s)

ExpCHIL

• DC voltage reference set to 1 kV

• Prospective current: 597 A

• Contactor closes at t=0

• Max current 270 A • Steady state current

201 A @ 385 V • DC voltage

reference set to 0 kV at t = 0.3 s 11/5/2015 3rd Grid Sim Workshop

Arc Fault Testing

14

Photograph of the arc fault setup with 8” gap between DC rails and aluminum rod shorted between probes.

Setup: Two MMCs connected in parallel in CSM and to a set of copper bus bars. The bus bars are set with 8”

gap of separation and an aluminum rod provides a short between the two.

Snapshot of the arc during the test with correcting voltage and current waveforms


Concluding Remarks

15

• Established MVDC facility with MMCs

• Ongoing experiments – Testing of VaTech’s Impedance

Measurement Unit – Rapid Power Transfer in shipboard

MVDC systems – Fault Management in fault current

limited shipboard MVDC systems – Common mode coupling of MW

scale converters


Concluding Remarks

15

• Established MVDC facility with MMCs

• Ongoing experiments – Testing of VaTech’s Impedance

Measurement Unit – Rapid Power Transfer in shipboard

MVDC systems – Fault Management in fault current

limited shipboard MVDC systems – Common mode coupling of MW

scale converters


15 years of CAPS Leadership in CHIL & PHIL to be continued…

Documents

Upgrades to the CAPS PHIL Facility - Selected Experiments with … · 2019-05-29 · Upgrades to the CAPS PHIL Facility - Selected Experiments with the new 5 MW MVDC Lab Michael “Mischa”