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Update on 2016 Weed Science Research in the
IR-4 Ornamental Horticulture Program
Palmer, C.L., J. Baron, E. Vea and E. Lurvey
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Ornamental Horticulture Program Data Summaries – 2016 Final
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InternationalRegistration Support
Other Projects
High Priority Projects
Contributing Trials
Weed Science Summaries
Dimethenamid-p
Dithiopyr
Flumioxazin
Flumioxazin + Pyroxasulfone
Imazamox
Oxyfluorfen + Prodiamine
Pendimethalin
Sulfentrazone + Prodiamine
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Ornamental Horticulture Program –Registrations – 2016 Final ?
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Not to be Registered
International Registrations
State Registrations
Federal Amendments
Federal New Registrations
Contributing Trials
Weed Science Registrations
--
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Ornamental Horticulture Program –
Crops Impacted by Registrations – 2016 Interim
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2016 Weed Science Research Program
• In Season Pre-emergent Herbicide Crop Safety
• Ornamental Grass Crop Safety
• Bulb Herbicide Crop Safety
– subset of Pre-emergent
• Flumioxazin + Pyroxasulfone Crop Safety
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2016 Pre-emergent
Herbicide Crop Safety Research
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2016 In Season Pre-Emergent Herbicide• Products
– Dimension 2EW (dithiopyr)– Tower EC (dimethenamid-p)– F6875 (sulfentrazone + prodiamine)– Gallery (isoxaben)– Marengo G (indaziflam)– Ronstar 2G– SP1770 (liquid)– SP1770 (granular)– Biathlon (oxyfluorfen + prodiamine)– Freehand G (pendimethalin + dimethenamid-p)– Snapshot 2.5G (trifluralin + isoxaben)
• Rates (1x, 2x, 4x)
A
B
C
l
2016 In Season Pre-Emergent Herbicide
• Applications were applied
–As plants broke dormancy, within 1 week after transplanting
– Six (6) weeks after the first application
• Ratings
–Phytotoxicity on a scale of 0 to 10
–1, 2, and 4 weeks after each application
• 144 trials planned for 2016
l
2016 In Season Pre-Emergent Herbicide Results 1/4/2017
PlantGroup Crop Bia
thlo
n (
OH
P 0
52
90
8)
(Oxy
flu
orf
en+
Pro
dia
min
e)
Ch
ipco
Ro
nst
arG
(O
xad
iazo
n)
Dim
ensi
on
2EW
(D
ith
iop
yr)
F68
75
4SC
(S
ulf
entr
azo
ne
+ P
rod
iam
ine)
Free
han
d G
(B
AS
65
9H
G
) (D
imet
hen
amid
-p +
p
end
imet
hal
in)
SP1
77
0 Li
qu
id (
SP1
770
)
Tow
er (
BA
S 6
56
h E
C)
(Dim
eth
enam
id-p
)
Broadleaf Evergreen Tree/Shrub Bearberry (Arctostaphylos sp.) 1.0 (1 - 1) n1 1.0 (1 - 1) n1 Labeled
Broadleaf Evergreen Tree/Shrub Eucalypt, Australian Gum (Eucalyptus sp.) 1.0 (1 - 1) n2
Broadleaf Evergreen Tree/Shrub Fetterbush, Drooping Leucothoe (Leucothoe sp.) 1.0 (1 - 1) n3
Broadleaf Evergreen Tree/Shrub Oregon Grape (Mahonia aquifolium) 1.0 (1 - 1) n1
Broadleaf Evergreen Tree/Shrub Bayberry (Myrica pensylvanica) 2.0 (2 - 2) n1
Broadleaf Evergreen/Deciduous Tree/Shrub Honeysuckle (Lonicera sp.) 1.0 (1 - 1) n1 1.5 (1 - 2) n2
Bulbs & Corms Elephant's-Ear, Angel-Wings (Caladium sp.) Labeled
Bulbs & Corms Corn Flag, Sword Lily (Gladiolus sp.) 1.0 (1 - 1) n1
Cactus & Succulents Stonecrop (Crassula sp.) 3.5 (3 - 4) n2
Cactus & Succulents Echeveria sp. (Echeveria sp.) 3.0 (3 - 3) n1 4.0 (4 - 4) n1 3.7 (3 - 4) n3
Cactus & Succulents Stonecrop Ella. (Sedum kamtschaticum) 1.5 (1 - 2) n2 2.5 (1 - 4) n2
Deciduous Tree/Shrub/Vine Ohio Buckeye (Aesculus glabra) 1.0 (1 - 1) n1
Deciduous Tree/Shrub/Vine Birch, River (Betula nigra) 1.0 (1 - 1) n3
Deciduous Tree/Shrub/Vine Pecan (Non-Bearing) (Carya illinoensis) Labeled
Deciduous Tree/Shrub/Vine Spanish Chestnut (Castanea sativa) 3.0 (3 - 3) n1
Deciduous Tree/Shrub/Vine Dogwood (Cornus sp.) 4.0 (4 - 4) n1
Deciduous Tree/Shrub/Vine Winged Burning Bush (Euonymus alatus) 1.0 (1 - 1) n1
Deciduous Tree/Shrub/Vine Virginia Sweetspire (Itea virginica) 4.0 (4 - 4) n1 2.7 (1 - 4) n3
Deciduous Tree/Shrub/Vine Japanese Kerria, Japanese Rose (Kerria japonica) 2.0 (2 - 2) n1
Deciduous Tree/Shrub/Vine Larch (Larix sp.) 1.0 (1 - 1) n1
Deciduous Tree/Shrub/Vine Ninebark (Physocarpus sp.) 3.0 (3 - 3) n2
Deciduous Tree/Shrub/Vine Oak, Northern Red (Quercus rubra) 1.0 (1 - 1) n3
Deciduous Tree/Shrub/Vine Oak (Quercus sp.) 1.3 (1 - 2) n3 1.3 (0 - 3) n3
Fern Fern, Autumn & Wood (Dryopteris sp.) 1.3 (1 - 2) n3
Fern Fern, Royal (Osmunda regalis) 4.0 (4 - 4) n1
Hardy Ground Cover Foliage Japanese Spurge (Pachysandra terminalis) 1.0 (1 - 1) n1
Herbaceous Flowering Plant Blanket Flower (Gaillardia sp.) 2.3 (1 - 5) n3
Herbaceous Flowering Plant Lamb's-Ears (Stachys byzantina) 2.0 (2 - 2) n1
Herbaceous Flowering Plant Ironweed, New York (Vernonia noveboracensis) 2.0 (2 - 2) n1
Herbaceous Flowering Plant - Annual Chocolate Flower (Berlandiera lyrata) 3.0 (3 - 3) n1
Herbaceous Flowering Plant - Perennial Peony (Paeonia sp.) 1.0 (1 - 1) n3 Labeled
Narrowleaf Evergreen Tree/Shrub Cypress (Cupressus sp.) 1.0 (1 - 1) n2
Palm Palmetto Palm (Sabal minor) 1.0 (1 - 1) n3
l
Observations so far• Biathlon (oxyfluorfen + prodiamine)
– Minimal to low injury on most crops screened so far.– Echeveria exhibited moderate injury in 2016 trial
• Chipco Ronstar G– Not enough data on succulent crops yet
• Dimension 2EW (dithiopyr)– Not enough data available yet, but most crops are promising even though a couple
show moderate to severe injury
• F6875 4SC (sulfentrazone + prodiamine)– Quercus sp can be added to the label
• Freehand G (pendimethalin + dimethenamid-p)– Leucothoe, Gaillardia, and Paeonia can be added to the label– Echeveria may need to be labelled off
• SP1770– Limited data set so far, but cause significant injury
• Tower (dimethenamid-p)– Itea virginica and Sabal minor can be added to the label– Crassula and Echeveria were injured
lOrnamental Grass Crop Safety
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2016 Ornamental Grass Crop Safety
• Products
–Dimension 2EW (dithiopyr)
–Gallery (isoxaben)
–Pendulum 2G (pendimethalin)
• Rates (1x, 2x, 4x)
A
l
2016 Ornamental Grass Crop Safety
• Applications were applied
–As/after plants broke dormancy, within 1 week after transplanting
– Six (6) weeks after the first application
• Ratings
–Phytotoxicity on a scale of 0 to 10
–1, 2, and 4 weeks after each application
• Forty-seven trials planned for 2016
l
2016 Ornamental Grass Crop Safety Results 1/4/2017PlantGroup Crop
Dimension 2EW (Dithiopyr)
Gallery 75DF (Isoxaben)
Gallery SC (Isoxaben)
Pendulum 2G (Pendimethalin)
Ornamental Grass American beachgrass (Ammophila breviligulata) 1.5 (1 - 2) n2 1.0 (1 - 1) n2
Ornamental Grass Big Blue Stem (Andropogon gerardii) 2.0 (1 - 3) n2 1.0 (1 - 1) n2 1.5 (1 - 2) n2
Ornamental Grass Feather Reed Grass (Calamagrostis acutiflora) 1.7 (1 - 3) n3 1.0 (1 - 1) n1 1.0 (1 - 1) n2
Ornamental Grass Reed Grass (Calamagrostis arundinacea) 1.0 (1 - 1) n1
Ornamental Grass Carex buchanani (Carex buchanani) 1.5 (1 - 2) n2 2.0 (1 - 4) n3 1.0 (1 - 1) n2
Ornamental Grass Sedge, Cherokee (Carex cherokeensis) 2.5 (1 - 4) n2 1.0 (1 - 1) n1
Ornamental Grass Carex morrowii (Carex morrowii) 2.5 (2 - 3) n2 1.0 (1 - 1) n1 1.5 (1 - 2) n2
Ornamental Grass Northern Sea Oats, Wild Oats (Chasmanthium latifolium) 2.5 (1 - 4) n4 1.0 (1 - 1) n2 1.3 (1 - 2) n3 1.0 (1 - 1) n2
Ornamental Grass Pampas grass (Cortaderia selloana) 2.0 (2 - 2) n1 1.0 (1 - 1) n1
Ornamental Grass Tufted hairgrass (Deschampsia caespitosa) 2.7 (2 - 4) n3 3.0 (3 - 3) n1 1.7 (1 - 3) n3
Ornamental Grass Weeping lovegrass (Eragrostis curvula) 2.0 (1 - 3) n2 1.0 (1 - 1) n2
Ornamental Grass Purple Lovegrass (Eragrostis spectabilis) 1.0 (1 - 1) n1 1.0 (1 - 1) n1 2.0 (2 - 2) n1
Ornamental Grass Plume Grass; Ravenna (Erianthus sp.) 1.0 (1 - 1) n1 1.0 (1 - 1) n1
Ornamental Grass Blue Fescue (Festuca glauca) 2.5 (1 - 4) n4 3.0 (3 - 3) n1
Ornamental Grass Sheep's fescue (Festuca ovina) 5.0 (5 - 5) n2
Ornamental Grass Hakone Grass, Japanese Forest Grass (Hakonechloa sp.) 1.7 (1 - 2) n3 1.0 (1 - 1) n2 1.0 (1 - 1) n1
Ornamental Grass Indian Grass (Hierochloe odorata) 1.0 (1 - 1) n1 1.0 (1 - 1) n1
Ornamental Grass Soft rush (Juncus effusus) 1.0 (1 - 1) n2 1.5 (1 - 2) n2 1.0 (1 - 1) n2
Ornamental Grass Blue Lyme Grass (Leymus arenarius) 1.0 (1 - 1) n2 1.0 (1 - 1) n2 1.0 (1 - 1) n3
Ornamental Grass Muhly, hairyawn (Muhlenbergia capillaris) 1.3 (1 - 2) n3 2.0 (1 - 3) n3 1.0 (1 - 1) n3
Ornamental Grass Mexican deergrass (Muhlenbergia dubia) 3.0 (2 - 4) n2 2.0 (1 - 3) n2 1.0 (1 - 1) n2
Ornamental Grass Bamboo Muhly (Muhlenbergia dumosa) 1.0 (1 - 1) n2 2.0 (2 - 2) n2
Ornamental Grass Mexican feather grass (Nassella tenuissima) 1.7 (1 - 3) n3 1.0 (1 - 1) n2 2.0 (1 - 3) n2
Ornamental Grass Switch-Grass (Panicum virgatum) 1.3 (1 - 2) n3 1.0 (1 - 1) n2 MFG Hold
Ornamental Grass Chinese Pennisetum (Pennisetum alopecuroides) 1.0 (1 - 1) n2 1.0 (1 - 1) n1 1.0 (1 - 1) n3
Ornamental Grass Pennisetum orientale (Pennisetum orientale) 2.7 (1 - 4) n3 1.8 (1 - 2) n4
Ornamental Grass New Zealand Flax (Phormium sp.) Labeled
Ornamental Grass Little Blue Stem (Schizachyrium scoparium) 2.3 (1 - 3) n4 1.0 (1 - 1) n3 1.0 (1 - 1) n2 1.8 (1 - 3) n4
Ornamental Grass Indian Grass (Sorghastrum nutans) 1.0 (1 - 1) n2 1.5 (1 - 2) n2
Ornamental Grass Prairie dropseed (Sporobolus heterolepis) 2.7 (1 - 4) n3 1.0 (1 - 1) n1 1.0 (1 - 1) n3
Ornamental Grass Feather Grass, Mexican (Stipa sp.) 1.0 (1 - 1) n2
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Product/Crop Combinations with Registration Potential
• Dimension 2EW– All but two grasses screened so far exhibited no or low injury with over the top
applications– Exceptions: Festuca ovina and Muhlenbergi dubia
• Gallery DF/SC– All but two grasses screened so far exhibited no or low injury with over the top
applications– Exceptions: Festuca glauca and Deschampsia caespitosa
• Pendulum 2G (pendimethalin)– All grasses tested to date exhibited no to minimal injury with over the top
applications
• New crops can be added to these labels (Dimension – 11, Gallery – 4, Pendulum – 7)
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Conclusions
• IR-4 research activities are still impacting labels and benefiting growers
• The In-Season Pre-emergent Herbicide Crop Safety Project is still identifying herbicide-crop combinations with no to little injurious effects and those growers should avoid
• The Ornamental Grass Crop Safety Project identified 22 product-crop combinations that can be added to the respective labels.
Thank you ! Funding for IR-4 Research:USDA-NIFAUSDA-ARSUSDA-APHISLand Grant Institutions
Weed Science Researchers:
Jatinder AulahkEd BesteRick BoydstonJoe DeFrancescoJeff DerrCharles GilliamJames KlettCarrie MansueChris Marble
Hannah MathersJoe NealAnnad PersadMike RedingDania RiveraAndy SenesacBuzz UberPaul WadeCheryl Wilen
IR-4 Personnel:Susan
BierbrunnerMichelle FooSatoru Miyazaki
Mika Pringle-Tolson
Marylee RossBecky SiscoEly Vea
Thank you !