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UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI!
!
!
SYLLABUS!FOR!MSc!BIOTECHNOLOGY!
(REVISED)!
PROGRAM:!M.Sc!
COURSE:!BIOTECHNOLOGY!
CREDIT!BASED!SEMESTER!AND!GRADING!SYSTEM!
WITH!EFFECT!FROM!ACADEMIC!YEAR!2016@17!
!
UNIVERSITY OF MUMBAI!
!
!
2016@17!
!
SYLLABUS!FOR!SEM!I!
PROGRAM:!M.Sc!
COURSE:!BIOTECHNOLOGY!
CREDIT!BASED!SEMESTER!AND!GRADING!SYSTEM!
WITH!EFFECT!FROM!ACADEMIC!YEAR!2016@17
!
!
PSBT 101 : Biochemistry
Unit I:!Storage!of!Carbohydrates- Structure!and!Function:"
Starch!and!Glycogen, Cellulose,!Chitin,!Glycosaminoglycans6Heparin,!
Chondroitin! sulphate,! Dermatan! sulphate,! Keratan! sulphate.!
Formation!structure!and!functions!of!Eicosanoid:!Prostaglandins!and!
Thromboxanes.! Glycoproteins! (N6,O6,GPI6! linked! and! proteoglycans)!
&!Glycolipids,!and!Lectins.!
Unit II:!Structure6function6Physiological!Significance:!
Haemoglobin!and!Myoglobin:!Structure,!oxygen!binding,!Hill!equation!
and!Hills!plot,!Cooperativity,!Bohr!effect,!Allosteric! regulation:!Adair!
Equation,! Symmetry! model! and! Sequential! model.! Lipoproteins:!
Structure,! types! and! functions.! Lipoprotein! Dysfunction:!
Atherosclerosis,!Alzheimer's!Disease.!
Unit III:!Inborn!errors!of!metabolism!and!nutritional!disorders:!
PEM! (Kwashiorkar! and! Marasmus).! Diabetes:! Type! I,! Type! II,!
gestational.! Glycogen! storage! disorders! 6von!Gierke's disease,! Cori's
disease, Andersen's disease, McArdle's disease. Amino acid
metabolism- PKU, Alkaptonuria. Lipids- Tay-Sachs, Gaucher's!
disease.!Nucleic!acids6!Gout,!Lesch6Nyhan!syndrome.!Role!of!B!group!
Vitamins!in!metabolic!pathways.!
!
!
Unit IV:!Neurobiology6neurochemistry!
!
Structure!and!functions!of!neuron,!types!and!physiologic!anatomy!of!
the!Synapse,!transmission!of!nerve!impulses,!ion!channels,!
neurotransmitters!and!neuropeptides,!Electrical!events!during!
neuronal!excitation!and!inhibition.!Neurotoxins.!Neurochemistry:!
Special!senses6!taste,!vision,!odor,!hearing,!
References:!
1. Guyton,!Text!book!of!Medical!Physiology,!Saunders!
Publishers,!12th!edition,!2010!
2. Textbook!of!Biochemistry!with!Clinical!Correlations,!7th!Edition,!
Thomas!M.!Devlin,!January 2010.!
3. Proteins:!biotechnology!and!biochemistry,!1st!edition!(2001),!
Gary!Walsch,!Wiley,!USA!
4. Biochemical!Calculations,!2nd!Ed.,!(1997)!Segel!Irvin!H.,!
Publisher:!John!Wiley!and!Sons,!New!York.!
5. Enzymes:!Biochemistry,!Biotechnology!&!Clinical!chemistry,!
(2001)!Palmer!Trevor,!Publisher:!Horwood!Pub.!Co.,!
England.!
6. Outlines!of!Biochemistry:!5th!Edition,!Erice!Conn!&!Paul!Stumpf!
;!John!Wiley!and!Sons,!USA!
7. Fundamentals!of!Biochemistry.!3rd!Edition!(2008),!Donald!
Voet!&!Judith!Voet!,!John!Wiley!and!Sons,!Inc.!USA!
!
8. Lehninger,!Principles!of!Biochemistry.!5th!Edition!(2008),!David!
Nelson!&!Michael!Cox,!W.H.!Freeman!and!company,!NY.!
9. Biochemistry:!7th!Edition,!(2012),!Jeremy!Berg,!Lubert!Stryer,!
W.H.Freeman!and!company,!NY
!
!
PSBT!102:!Immunology! Credits:!4!(1!lecture!/!week)!
Unit!I:!Advanced!Immunology!
Antigen!presentation.!Secondary!signaling,!co-stimulation,!Cell!signaling!in!immune!response.!DC!activation,!B!cells!as!APC,!Activation!of!B!and!T!cells,!Complements!6!Lectin!pathway!with!regulation.!
Unit!II:!Molecular!immunology!
T!and!B!cell!(antigenic!properties,!receptors!and!activation!),!Generation!of!antibody!diversity,!MHC!and!antigen!presentation6!Exogenous!and!Endogenous!pathway,!non6peptide!antigens.!Histocompatibility!Complex,!Polymorphism!transplantation!!!Unit III: Clinical immunology!Cytokines:!properties,!receptor,!antagonists,!diseases,!Therapeutic!use!of!cytokines!Experimental! immunology:! Vaccine! development! (Recombinant,!Combined!and!polyvalent!vaccines),!Antigen!Antibody! reactions! in!diagnostics.!Cancer!Immunology!
Unit!IV:!Effector!mechanisms:!
Mucosal! immunity,! Peyer’s! patches,! gut! barriers,! oral!immunization,!Oral! tolerance,! Cytotoxic! response,!ADCC,!NK! cells,!CTL,!Th,!T!regulation,!Immunoregulation,!anergy,!tolerance,!anti!idiotype,!Mechanisms!of!antiviral!innate!immune!response!
!
References:!
1. Immunology!5th!ed!Janis!Kuby,!W.H.Freeman & Co Ltd; 5th Revised edition.!
2. Fundamental!Immunology!5th!edition!(August!2003):!by!William!E.,!Md.!Paul!(Editor)!By!Lippincott!Williams!&!Wilkins!Publishers!
3. Essential!Immunology,!Ivan!M.!Roit!(1994)!6!Blackwell!Scientific!Pub,!Oxford.!
4. Cellular!and!Molecular!Immunology,!3rd!edition!Abbas,!Saunders.
PSBT!103!Molecular!Biology!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Credits!4!(1!lecture!/!week)!
!
!
Unit!I!Chromatin!structure!and!gene!expression!!Transcription in prokaryotes and Eukaryotes"Types! of! RNA! polymerases,! Promoters,! initiation,! elongation,!termination!and!anti6termination.!Initiation! factor,! role! of! transcription! factors,! Regulation! of! RNA!polymerase!Chromatin!structure!and!transcription.!Transcription!in!cell!organelles!
Unit!II:!Post!Transcriptional!events!RNA!processing!in!eukaryotes:!modifications,!splicing!and!splicing!machinery,!processing!of!RNA.!Editing!and!amplification!Translation!in!Prokaryotes!and!Eukaryotes!Codon!assignments,!Wobble!hypothesis,!initiation,!elongation,!and!termination,!Modification!folding!and!transport!protein!Molecular!chaperons!in!folding,!Protein!sorting!and!trafficking!using!signal!proteins!!Unit III: Translation and mobile DNA elements DNA!rearrangement,!RNAi,!regulation!of!translation.!Post!translational!modification.!Mobile!DNA!elements,!Transposable!elements!in!bacteria,!Controlling!elements!in!Tn!A!and!Tn!10!transposition.!SINES!and!LINES,!retrotransposons!
Unit IV Genomics and Proteomics: an overview Omes! and! omics,! Concepts! and! applications!Genome!overview! at!the! level! of! Chromosome! (with! model! organisms! as! example);!Strategies!for!large!scale!DNA!sequencing6!Whole!genome!analysis!techniques,! Next! generation! sequencing! methods;! Organization,!structure!and!mapping!of!genomes!(with!model!organisms!as!example)!
!
Reference!Books!
1. Genes!XI,!11th!edition!(2012),!Benjamin!Lewin,!Publisher!6!Jones!
and!Barlett!Inc.!USA!
2. Molecular!Biology!of!the!Gene,!6th!Edition!(2008),!James!D.!
Watson,!Pearson!Education,!Inc.!and!Dorling!Kindersley!
Publishing,!Inc.!USA!!
3. Molecular!Biology,!5th!Edition!(2011),!Weaver!R.,!McGraw!Hill!
Science.!USA!
4. Fundamentals!of!Molecular!Biology,!(2009),!Pal!J.K.!and!Saroj!
Ghaskadbi,!Oxford!University!Press.!India!
5. Molecular!Biology:!genes!to!proteins,!4th!edition!(2011),!Burton!
E!Tropp!Jones!&!Bartlett!Learning,!USA!
6. Discovering!genomics,!Proteomics!and!Bioinformatics!(2006)!A.!
Malcoln!Campbell,!laurie!J.!Heyer!Benjamin!Cummings;!2nd!edition
!
! !
!
!
PSBT!104!Biochemical!and!Biophysical!techniques!(4!credits!1!lecture!/!week)!
!
Unit!I!Microscopic!techniques:!
AFM,! Fluorescence! Microscopy,! Confocal! microscopy,! cryotomy!scanning! and! transmission! microscopes,! different! fixation! and!staining! techniques! for! EM,! freeze6etch! and! freeze6! fracture!methods! for! EM,! image!processing!methods! in!microscopy,! single!cell!imaging.!Environmental!SEM,!and!its!advantages!
Unit!II:!Spectroscopy!!Introduction,!principle!and!analysis!using!UV/visible!Spectrophotometer,!fluorescence!spectroscopy,!circular!dichroism,!ORD,!NMR!and!ESR!spectroscopy,!Molecular!structure!determination!using!X6ray!diffraction,!X!ray!crystallography!and!NMR,!Molecular!analysis!using!light!scattering,!mass!spectrometry!and!LC6MS,!GC6!MS,!and!surface!plasma!resonance!methods,!IR.!!Unit!III:!Chromatography!and!Radioisotopy!
Introduction,!principle!and!analysis!using!HPTLC,!HPLC,!GLC,!Affinity!chromatography! and! its! types! IEF! and! 2! D! electrophoresis.!Applications! of! the! above! techniques.! Radioisotopes! techniques6!Radio! assay! (nature! of! radioactivity,! units,! decay,! half6life,!detection/measurement),!scintillation!counting,!safety!aspects!and!applications!of!radioisotopes.!
Unit!IV:!Histochemical!and!Immunotechniques!
Antibody!generation,!blotting! techniques,! Immuno! - precipitation,!Flow!cytometry!and!immunofluorescence,!detection!of!antigens! in!living!cells,!in situ localization!by!techniques!such!as!FISH!and!
Reference!Books!
!
!
GISH.
!
!
1. Principles!and!Techniques!of!Biochemistry!and!Molecular!
Biology,7th!edition!Wilson!K.M.,!Walker!J.M.,!Cambridge!
University!Press,!UK!(2010),!
2. Biochemical!spectroscopy.!Vol!46!of!Methods!in!Enzymology.!
(1995)!Kenneth!Sauer.!Academic!Press,!USA!
3. Modern!experimental!biochemistry!3rd!edition!Publisher,!
USA.edition.!(2000)!Rodney!Boyer.!Prentice!Hall!
4. Analytical!Biochemistry,!3!edition,!(1998),!David!Holmes,!
H.Peck!,!Prentice!Hall,!UK.
Reference!Books!
!
!
PSBT101!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2!Credits!
!
1. Isolation!of!starch!from!potato!and!its!estimation!by!Anthrone!
method.!
2. Preparation!of!haemoglobin!from!blood.!
3. Phosphorolysis!of!glycogen!in!the!muscular!tissue.!
4. The!isolation!and!assay!of!glycogen!from!liver!and!skeletal!
muscles!of!bird!/!mammal.!
5. Estimation!of!Vitamin!C!from!fruits.!
6. Estimation!of!Creatinine!in!blood!/!urine.!Estimation!of!
urate/creatinine!ratio!to!diagnose!Lesch6Nyhan!syndrome.!
7. Chemistry!of!thinking:!
a. Study!of!different!regions!of!brain!using!models.!
b. Stroop!test!and!blind!spot!test.!
c. Color!blindness!and!optical!illusions!
!
Reference:!
!
1. Biochemical! Methods! for! Agricultural! Sciences! 6! Sadasivam!
and!Manikam.!Wiley!Eastern!Limited,!1992..!
2. Practical!Clinical!Biochemistry!Harold!Varley,!CBS; 6 edition (1
December 2006)!
3. An!Introduction!to!Practical!Biochemistry!(3rd!Edition)!6!David!
T! Plummer.! Tata! McGraw6Hill! Publishing! Company! Limited,!
1992.
PSBT!102!Immunology:! 2!credits!
!
!
1. Preparation!of!TAB!or!any!other!vaccine.!
2. Antigen! antibody! reactions:! one! of! each! type:! precipitation!
(VDRL!setup!in!tube!or!gels),!WIDAL.!
3. Quantification!of!antigen!using!Single!Radial!Immuno-Diffusion.!
4. Double!Immuno-diffusion.!
5. Immuno-diffusion!and!immune-electrophoresis!(electrophoresis!
of! serum! and! then! reaction! with! anti6whole! human! serum!
antiserum).!
6. Serum!electrophoresis.!
Reference:!
1. Practical!immunology,!Frank!Hay,!4th!Edition!,!Blackwell!Science!
2. Medical!Microbiology,!Anantnarayan!
3. Introduction!to!Practical!Biochemistry,!D.T.!Plummer,!Tata!
MacGraw!Hill!
4. A!Handbook!of!Practical!Immunology!6!G!P!Talkwar!
5. Text!Book!of!Medical!Biochemistry,!Praful!Godkar.!Bahalani!
PSBT!102!Immunology:! 2!credits!
!
Publishers.
PSBT!103!Molecular!Biology:! 2!credits!
!
1. Extraction!of!genomic!DNA!from!bacteria!and!blood!
2. Perform!transformation!of!bacteria.!
3. Expression!of!recombinant!protein!
4. Problems!on!RE!digests!/!RFLP;!Demonstration!of!ligation!
reaction.!
5. Conjugation!
6. Induction!of!Galactosidase!in!!E. coli!(and!effect!of!inducers).!
Reference:!Molecular!Cloning!a! laboratory!manual.! Sambrook!and!
Russel
References :!
!
PSBT!104!Biochemical!and!Biophysical!techniques:! 2!credits!
1. Extraction!of!pigments!from!biological!sources!6!plants!and/or!
microorganisms! and! study! of! their! absorption! spectrum! in!
visible!light.!
2. Verification! of! Beer! lamberts! law! and! calculation! of! molar!
extinction! coefficient! of! a! coloured! chemical! compound! of!
known!molecular!weight.!
3. Use!of!UV!spectrophotometry!to!determine!the!concentration!
of!protein.!
4. Demonstration! and! interpretation! of! NMR,! HPLC,! GC! read6
outs.!
5. Separation!of!sugars!in!coconut!water!using!TLC!
6. Use!of!affinity!chromatography! for!purification!of!antibodies!
from!serum.!
7. Visit!to!a!facility!housing!EM!and!other!analytical!tools
!
!
1. An!Introduction!to!Practical!Biochemistry!(3rd!Edition)!6!David!
T! Plummer.! Tata! McGraw6Hill! Publishing! Company! Limited,!
1992.!
2. Principles!and!techniques!in!biochemistry,!Wilson!and!Walker
!
UNIVERSITY!OF!MUMBAI!
!
SYLLABUS!FOR!SEMESTER!II!
PROGRAM:!M.Sc!
COURSE:!BIOTECHNOLOGY!
CREDIT!BASED!SEMESTER!AND!GRADING!SYSTEM!
WITH!EFFECT!FROM!ACADEMIC!YEAR!2016@17!
2016@17!
! !
!
!
!
!
PSBT!201!Metabolism:! 4!credits!(1!lecture/!week)!
!
Unit 1 Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism
HMP and gamma amino butyrate shunt, glycogenesis and
glycogenolysis. Control of glycogen metabolism: Allosteric control, covalent modification of enzymes by cyclic cascades, maintenance of blood glucose levels. Uronic acid pathway.
Lipid metabolism: Biosynthesis of fatty acids (saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated), triglycerides and phospholipids.FAS Complex, regulation of fatty acid metabolism.
Unit II Physiological biochemistry Regulation of acid-base balance, types and functions of acid-basebuffers, respiratory mechanism of acid-base balance, renal control of acid base balance, clinical abnormalities associated with acid base imbalance. Water and electrolyte balance, clinical abnormalities. Mineral metabolism: Dietary macro elements- Calcium, Phosphorus, Iron, Magnesium.Trace elements- Iron, Iodine, Zinc, Copper.
Unit III Stress metabolism in plants Environmental stresses, salinity, water stress, heat, chilling, anaerobiosis, and heavy metals, and their impact on plant growth and
!
metabolism, criteria of stress tolerance.Secondary metabolites in plants- Nature, distribution and their role in plant protection.
Unit IV Plant and microbial metabolism Hatch slack pathway, Crassulacean acid metabolism, photorespiration and glyoxylate pathway with significance. Photosynthetic formation of hydrogen. Nitrogen fixation and role of nitrogenase, anammox reactions. Plant symbiosis with fungi: Arbuscular, mycorrhiza, Ectomycorrhiza
References: 1. Biochemistry, L Stryer, Freeman and Co, NY
2. Biochemistry, Zubay, Addison Wesley and Co.
3. Textbook of Physiology, Guyton
4. Physiology, Berne and Levy
5. Harper’s Biochemistry- 27th edition
6. Text!book!of!Human!Biochemistry6!Ed.!G.!P.!Talwar!
!
!
8. Essentials!of!food!and!nutrition!M!Swaminathan!Vol.!II,!Applied!
aspects!(1974),!Ganesh!Pub,!Madras!
9. Human!biochemistry!6!James!Orten!and!Otto!Neuhaus,!10th!ed!,!
CV!Mosby!co!London!
10. Human!nutrition!and!dietetics6Davidson!and!Passmore!
11. Plant!physiology,!Salisbury!and!Ross!(2007)!CBS!publishers!and!
distributors!
12. Biochemistry!and!Physiology!of!Plant!Hormones,!Thomas!
Moore,!Springer!Verlag!New!York!
13. Plant!Biochemistry6!Hans!Walter!Heldt,!3rd!Edition,!
Elesvier!Academic!Press!
14. Introduction!to!Plant!Biochemistry6!T.W.!Goodwin!and!E.L.!
Mercer!
15. Plant!Physiology6!Devlin,!CBS!Publishers!
16. Plant!Biochemistry6!Dey,!Academic!Press,!1999
!
PSBT!202:!Immunology!
Unit!I.!Immunological!diseases!
Autoimmunity! mechanisms,! altered! antigens,! Systemic! Lupus!
erythematosus,!Graves!diseases,!Rheumatoid!arthritis,!Myasthenia!
Gravis,! Multiple! sclerosis,! animal! models! of! autoimmunity!
Transplantation! immunology,! GvH,! Immunodeficiency:! phagocytic,!
humoral,!CMI,!combined!HLA!association!with!disease.!
Unit II: Molecular immunology and animal models
Animal!models!and!transgenic!animals!and!their!use!in!
immunological!studies,!Routes!of!Inoculation,!Antibody!engineering,!
Chimeric!antibodies,!Phage!display.!
Unit III: CMI and imaging!
Cell!Cytotoxicity, mixed lymphocyte reaction, Apoptosis, Cytokine
expression; Cell cloning, Reporter Assays, In-situ gene expression
techniques; Cell imaging Techniques- In vitro and!In vivo; Immuno-
electron microscopy; In vivo cell tracking techniques; Microarrays!
Unit IV: Cancer Immunology and Psychoneuroimmunology!
!
!
Types! of! cancer,! malignant! transformation! of! cells,! tumour!antigens,! immune! response! to! cancer,! immunotherapy.!Connections!of!CNS!to!immune!system!and!vise versa. Psychological!modulation! of! immunity,! stress! and! immunity,! implication! for!diseases,! functional! significance! 6! inflammation! and! acute! phase!response,! role!of!glucocorticoids,! stress! response,!energy!demand!and!balance,!
References:!
1. Immunology!5th!ed!Janis!Kuby!2. Fundamental! Immunology! 5th! edition! (August! 2003):! by!
William!E.,!Md.!Paul!(Editor)!By!Lippincott!Williams!&!Wilkins!Publishers!
3. Essential!Immunology,!Ivan!M.!Roit!(1994)!Blackwell!Scientific!Pub,!Oxford.!
4. Cellular!and!Molecular!Immunology,!3rd!edition,!Abbas.!
5. Psychoneuroimmunology, Stress, and Infection, By Herman!
6. Friedman, Thomas W. Klein, Andrea L. Friedman, CRC Press, 1996
PSBT!203:!Bioprocess!technology!
!
Unit I: Concepts of basic mode of fermentation processes!
Strain improvement for increased yield and other desirable
characteristics; Upstream processing: Media formulation,
Sterilization. Bioreactor designs; classification of fermenters; Batch,
fed batch and continuous; Conventional fermentation v/s
biotransformation; Solid substrate, surface and submerged
fermentation; Fermenter design- mechanically agitated; Pneumatic
and hydrodynamic fermenters; Large scale animal and plant cell
cultivation; Aeration and agitation in bioprocess; Measurement and
control of bioprocess parameters.!
Unit II:!Downstream processing!
Bio separation - filtration, centrifugation, sedimentation,
flocculation; Cell disruption; Liquid-liquid extraction; Purification
by chromatographic techniques; Reverse osmosis and
ultra-filtration; Drying; Crystallization; Storage and packaging;
Treatment of effluent and its disposal.!
Unit III: Applications of enzymes in food processing
References!
!
!
Mechanism of enzyme function and reactions in process techniques;
Enzymic bioconversions e.g. starch and sugar conversion processes;
High-Fructose Corn Syrup; Interesterified fat; Hydrolyzed protein etc.
and their downstream processing; baking by amylases, deoxygenation
and desugaring by glucoses oxidase, beer mashing and chill proofing;
cheese making by proteases and various other enzyme catalytic
actions in food processing.!
Unit IV: Applications of Microbes in food process operations and
production!
Fermented foods and beverages; Food ingredients and additives
prepared by fermentation and their purification; fermentation as a
method of preparing and preserving foods; Microbes and their use in
pickling, producing colours and flavours, alcoholic beverages and
acids; Process wastes-whey, molasses, starch substrates and other
food wastes for bioconversion to useful products; Bacteriocins from
lactic acid bacteria - Production and applications in food preservation.
!
1. Jackson AT., Bioprocess Engineering in Biotechnology,
Prentice Hall, Engelwood Cliffs, 1991.!
2. Shuler ML and Kargi F., Bioprocess Engineering: Basic
concepts, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall, Engelwood Cliffs, 2002.!
3. Stanbury RF and Whitaker A., Principles of Fermentation
Technology, Pergamon press, Oxford, 1997.!
4. Baily JE and Ollis DF., Biochemical Engineering fundamentals,
2nd Edition, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, 1986.!
5. Aiba S, Humphrey AE and Millis NF, Biochemical
Engineering, 2nd Edition, University of Tokyo press, Tokyo,
1973.!
6. Comprehensive Biotechnology: The Principles, Applications
and Regulations of Biotechnology in Industry, Agriculture and
Medicine, Vol 1, 2, 3 and 4. Young M.M., Reed Elsevier India
Private Ltd, India, 2004. !
7. El6Mansi, Bryle CFA. Fermentation Microbiology and
Biotechnology, 2nd Edition, Taylor & Francis Ltd, UK, 2007.
PSBT 204 IPR & Biosafety !
!
Unit I: Introduction to Intellectual Property!
Patents, Trademarks, Copyright & Related Rights, Industrial Design,
Traditional Knowledge, Geographical Indications, Protection of New
GMOs; International framework for the protection of IP
Biotechnology!&!the!law:!objective,!evolution,!basic!structure!of!gene!
techniques,!applications,!commercial!potential!of!biotech!inventions,!
rational!for!IPR!protection.!
Unit II Concept of ‘prior art’!
Patenting! biotech! inventions:! objectives,! concept! of! novelty,!
concept! of! inventive! step,! microorganisms,! and! moral! issues! in!
patenting! biotech! inventions; Patent databases; Searching
International Databases; Country-wise patent searches (USPTO,
EPO, India etc.); Analysis and report formation
!
Unit III: Patent filing and Infringement.
Patent application- forms and guidelines, fee structure, time frames;
Types of patent applications: provisional and complete specifications;
PCT and convention patent applications; International
patenting-requirement, procedures and costs; Financial assistance for
patenting-introduction to existing schemes; Publication of patents-
gazette of India, status in Europe and US!
Patenting by research students, lecturers and scientists-
University/organizational rules in India and abroad, credit sharing by
workers, financial incentives!
Patent infringement- meaning, scope, litigation, case studies and
examples!
Unit IV Biosafety!
Historical Background; Introduction to Biological Safety Cabinets;
Primary Containment for Biohazards; Biosafety Levels of Specific
Microorganisms; Recommended Biosafety Levels for Infectious
!
!!
!
Agents and Infected Animals; Biosafety guidelines Government of
India; Definition of GMOs & LMOs; Roles of Institutional
Biosafety Committee, RCGM, GEAC etc. for GMO applications in
food and agriculture; Environmental release of GMOs; Risk
Analysis; Risk Assessment; Risk Management and communication.
!
! !
http://www.w3.org/IPR/http://www.wipo.int/portal/index.html.en
http://www.ipr.co.uk/IP_conventions/patent_cooperation_treaty.html
www.patentoffice.nic.inwww.iprlawindia.org/ - 31k - Cached -
Similar page http://www.cbd.int/biosafety/background.shtml
http://www.cdc.gov/OD/ohs/symp5/jyrtext.htm
http://web.princeton.edu/sites/ehs/biosafety/biosafetypage/section3.h!tml
PSBT!201!Metabolism!:!
!
1. Estimation of Niacin by the CNBr method.
2. Isolation of cholesterol and lecithin from egg yolks.
3. Effect of different types on stresses on plant growth using an appropriate plant model system. Stresses: Salinity, water stress, temperature stress (heat / cold), heavy and metal stress. Appropriate controls to be used and data analysed using appropriate software for analysis. 4. Isolation of Rhizobia from root nodules of leguminous plants. 5. Estimation of leghaemoglobin.
6. Proline estimation in germinated seeds with and without stress.
7. Estimation of phospholipids.
8. Assay of superoxide dismutase in salt stressed and normal plant.
9. Estimation of Ca++ / Zn++ by EDTA titrimetric method.!
PSBT!202:!Immunology!
1. In-vitro! demonstration! of! phagocytosis! and! calculating!
phagocytic!index.!
2. Demonstration!of!HLA!typing.!
6.Video demonstration or field visit!
!
3. Latex! bead! agglutination! /! precipitation! test! for! detection! of!
rheumatoid!factor!(RF).!
4. Separation!of! lymphocytes!on!Ficoll6Histopaque,!viability!count!
and!separation!of!B!and!T!lymphocytes!using!Fenwall!wool.!
5. Assay!for!plaque!forming!cells.!
a. Raising!antibodies!in!laboratory!animals!
b. Cell!imaging!Techniques6!In vitro!and!In vivo;!Immuno6electron!
microscopy;!In vivo!cell!tracking!techniques;!Microarrays.!
PSBT!203:!Bioprocess!technology!
1. Demonstration!of:!Plackett6Burman!design!for!formulation!of!
fermentation!media.!
2. Pigment!production!and!isolation!from!a!microbial!source!(yeast,!
fungi!or!bacteria)!
3. Physico6chemical!characterization!of!an!industrial!effluents.!
4. Detection! of! different! food! enzymes! by! simple! tests! (amylase,!
catalase,!invertase,!papain,!pectinase,!pepsin).!
Reference!:! http://www.ableweb.org/volumes/vol66/106miller.pdf!
!
!
5. Study!of!pickling!process! (sauerkraut! /!pickled! cucumbers)!with!
respect! to! physical,! chemical! /! biochemical! and! biological!
changes!occurring!during!the!pickling!process.
6.Video demonstration or field visit!
!
PSBT!204!IPR!&!Biosafety!
1. Study! of! a! patent! and! developing! a! hypothetical! patent!
application!for!a!hypothetical!product!/!process.!(To!be!submit!for!
exam)!
2. Writing!of!SOP!for!364!laboratory!equipment’s!/!instruments.!
3. Use! of!Microsoft! PowerPoint! /! Corel! Draw! to! prepare! a! poster!
(ideally!on!a!topic!to!be!pursued!for!Sem!IV!project,!otherwise!to!
prepare!a!poster!on!a!paper!from!peer6reviewed!journal!no!more!
than!5!years!old!6!to!be!brought!for!practical!exam!and!if!possible!
presented!as!in!a!poster!presentation!at!a!conference)!
4. Compilation!of!information!on!recommended!biosafety!practices!
in!a!biotechnology!laboratory!(demonstration!by!field!visit!or!video)!
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M.Sc. BIOTECHNOLOGY
SEMESTER- III
Course Code UNIT PTC and ATC Credits L / week
PSBT301
I
Introduction to primary and secondary metabolism, important pathways leading to biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in plants, Metabolic products produced from in vitro culturing of plant cells, selection of plant cells/ tissues for production of a specific products, culture system in secondary plant product, Biosynthesis- batch, continuous cultures, immobilized plant cell, Biotransformation of precursors by cell culturing, metabolic engineering for production of secondary metabolites, Hairy root culture, elicitation 4
1
II Cryopreservation -Principle and types. Germplasm conservation, Transgenic plants-Edible vaccine, Golden rice
1
III
Biology of cultured cells Culture vessels, Culture Media, Microbial contamination, cross contamination. Cryopreservation
1
IV
Primary culture: Types, isolation of tissues, culturing of different cells. Cell lines: Development, Subculture and propagation, immortalization of cell line, cell line designation, selection of cell lines, routine maintenance, Cytotoxicity Transformation Culture of tumor cells
1
Course Code UNIT Medical microbiology Credits L / week
PSBT302 I Chromosomal disorders- 4 1
3
Karyotyping, G banding, Chromosome analysis, variations, chromosome painting
II
Infections of Respiratory tract-Pneumonia,Tuberculosis. Nosocomial- Psuedomonas. Viral infections-HIV, Hepatitis. Fungal-Candidiasis
1
III Molecular diagnostics for Pneumonia, Tuberculosis, Pseudomonas, HIV, Hepatitis. Candidiasis
1
IV Biofilms in medicine 1
Course Code UNIT Clinical Studies Credits L / week
PSBT303
I
4
1
II 1
III 1
IV 1
Course Code UNIT Developmental Biology Credits L / week
PSBT304 I
Human Embryonic development: Events during fertilization, in-vitro fertilization, Zonapellucidaa, glycoprotein, Oelemma protein and their role in fertilization, sperm
4 1
4
antigens and their functional significance. Molecular and biochemical events during sperm function
II
Post fertilization events: early embryonic development, establishing multi-cellularity, formation of blastula, embryonic germ layer, tracking of migrating cells.
1
III
Molecular mechanism of sex hormone action and regulation of gene expression. Implantation and endometrium antigens involved in implantation. Immunology of pregnancy. Superovulation, embryo culture and embryo transfer technology.
1
IV
Infertility and reproductive vaccines. Frontiers in contraceptive research. Cryopreservation of sex gametes and embryos. Ethical issues related to embryo research.
1
PSBTP301 PTC and ATC 2 4
PSBTP302 Medical microbiology 2 4
PSBTP303 Clinical Studies 2 4
PSBTP304 Developmental Biology 2 4
5
Practicals for Semester III
Sr No. Experiment
1 PTC Media preparation Seed sterilization,Callus inductionIsolation and induction of anther cultures using hibiscus Protoplast isolation Somatic embryogenesis
2 ATC Trypsinization, Staining of animal cells
-Monolayer formation (fibroblast)
To assay the radical scavenging activity of a tissue hydrolysate -DPPH method
3 Toxicology - MTT assay
4
5 Medical diagnostic – Identification of organisms from specimens (Multiple drug resistant S. aureus, Pseudomonas spps, Klebsiella pneumoniae, E. coli). Staining of Biofilms
6
7. e el mental i l g isit t la rat r / video lectures for latest developments in the field. To be documented
Study and present a published clinical case report
Candling, Observing chick embryo- stages of development; prepared slides/ preserved speciemesn
6
SEMESTER IV
Course Code UNIT Nanotechnology Credits L / Week
PSBT401
I
Introduction, synthesis of nanomaterials, biological methods, use of microbial system & plant extracts, use of proteins & templates like DNA. Characterization of nanomaterials, analysis techniques, properties of nanomechanical, optical,magnetic properties, electrical conductivity, thermalconductivity.
4
1
II Carbon nanotubes Nanorobotiocs devices of nature: ATP synthese, the kinen, myosin, dynein, flagella modulated motion.
1
III
Nanomedicine: biopharmaceutics, implantable materials, implantable chemicals, surgical aids, diagnostic tools, nanosensors, nano scanning, nano enabled drug delivery system, nanorobotics in medicine.
1
IV Application of nanomaterials in food,cosmetics, agriculture, environment management
1
Course Code UNIT GMO and environment Credits L / Week
PSBT402 I 4 1
7
II
1
III
Solid waste treatment, pollution indicators & biosensors biodegradation of xenobiotics, pesticides, phytoremediation
1
IV
Biodegration of waste from food,
textile, petrochem, paper
industries, biologicaldetoxification, Removal of oil spillage & grease deposits
1
Course Code UNIT Bioinformatics Credits L / Week
PSBT403
I
Organization of biological data, databases (raw and processed), Quering in data bases. Primers in biology(Designing of primers, kinds of primers)
4
1
II
Gene finding, motif finding and multiple sequence alignment. Protein sequence analysis (theory and algorithms) Protein structure analysis and applications.
1
III Gene expression profiling and its applications. Microarray technology and basics. Microarray analysis and
1
8
organization of data Human genome analysis
IV
Proteomics. Exploration of data bases, retrieval of desired data, BLAST etc. Gene clusters and fusions, consensus sequences, exon intron finder, sequence logo.
1
Course Code UNIT Biostatistics Credits L / Week
PSBT404
I
Statistical population, sample from population, Random sample. Central Tendency: Mean, Median and Mode, Standard Deviation Confidence intervals
4
1
II
Gaussian Distribution and testing for normality, Non-parametric tests (Sign test, Wilcoxon test, Mann-Whitney Test, Krushkal-Whllis test,), transforming data to create Gaussian Distribution
1
III
Test of Significance. Hypothesis testing:- Theory of errors- Type I and Type II errors, Null hypothesis, P values-one v/s two tail P values, t-test(paired & unpaired), z-test, Chi square test, contingency table.
1
IV
Comparing three or more groups- Introduction to ANOVA, One way ANOVA, repeated measures ANOVA, Friedman Test. Correlation and Regression: Linear and multiple Correlation and Regression.
1
9
Semester IV Practicals
t is mandat r r st dents t nderg ands n Project training in a esta lished la rat r for 6 months; his sh ld inv lve ne r m re relavant instr mentati n techni e hesis n the same t e eval ated the g ide alternativel internal e aminer r ased n the st dents er rmace
ritten matter and e erimentati n certi icate mar list t e a ended ith the thesis ternal e aminer t assess r as a Presentation d ring ractical e ams Marks alloted by nternal examnier ld e scaled d n if required as per university guidelines.
Sr No. Experiment
1 Multiple alignment - Phylogenetic tree
2 BLAST - orthologs and paralogs , homologs
3 Motif finding
4 KEGG
5 Structure of proteins - identification of chains helices, special groups, metal ions etc. CATH / SCOP classification of a given protein
6
7 Bioremediation- isolation of metal tolerant organisms & study their growth characteristics and pattern
8 Composting – physical & chemical parameters
PSBTP401 Nanotechnology 2 4
PSBTP402 and environment 2 4
PSBTP403 Bioinformatics 2 4
PSBTP404 Biostatistics 2 4
alidati n - kit based/ demo
10
References
Sr No Title of the Book Author Publisher
1 A Introduction to Biostatistics (Second Edition‐2005)
N. Gurumani M J P Publishers
2 Basic Biostatistics (2008) B. Burt Gerstman Jones and Bartlett Publishers
3 Biostatistics: Afoundation For Analysis In Health Sciences ( 7th Edition 1999)
Wayne W. Daniel John Wiley & Sons Inc.
4 Fundamentals of Biostatistics (2006) Veer BalaRastogi Ane Books India
5 Biostatistics‐ The Bare Essentials ( Second Edition 2000)
NosmanStreiner B. C. Decker Inc.
6 Computer Based Decision Making in Medicine
E. A. Shortifile American Elsevier
7 Bioinformatics : Sequence and Genome Analysis (Second Edition 2004)
David W. Mount ColdspringHarbor Laboratory Press
8 Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics ( 2003 )
Jonathan Pevsner John Wiley & Sons Publications
Sr No Title of the Book Author Publisher
1 Plant Cells in liquid culture (1991) Payne Shuler Hanser Publishers
2 Culture of Animal Cells : A Manual Of Basic Techniques ( 4TH Edition, 2000)
R. Ian Freshney Wiley‐Liss
3 Principles and Practice of Animal Tissue Culture (2007)
SudhaGangal Universities Press
4 Langman’s Medical Embryology ( 9th Edition 2004)
T. W. Sadler. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
5 Essential Developemental Biology (2nd
Edition 2006) J. M. W. Slack Blackwell Publishing
11
6 Developemental Biology (8th Edition 2006) Scott F. Gilbert Sinauer Associates, Inc.
7 The Nanoscopeencyclopedia of nanoscience and nanochehnology, Vol. I (2005)
Dr.ParagDiwan and AshishBharadwaj
Pentagon Press New Delhi
8 The Nanoscopeencyclopedia of nanoscience and nanochehnology, Vol V (2005)
Dr.ParagDiwan and AshishBharadwaj
Pentagon Press New Delhi
9 The Nanoscopeencyclopedia of nanoscience and nanochehnology, Vol VI (2005)
Dr.ParagDiwan and AshishBharadwaj
Pentagon Press New Delhi
10 Nano forms of carbon and its applications (2007)
Prof.Maheshwar Sharon and Dr.Madhuri Sharon
Manad Nanotech Pvt. Ltd.
11 Biotechnanotechnology lessons from Nature (2004)
David Goodsell Wiley‐Liss A John Wiley and sons
12 Nanotechnology‐ Basic science and emerging technologies (2005)
WillsonKannangava, Smith, Simmons, Raguse
Oversease Press
13 Texbook of Biotechnology (2005) R. C. Dubey S. Chand and Co.
14 Nanotechnology‐ Principles and practices S. K. Kulkarni Capital Publishing Co.
Sr No Title of the Book Author Publisher
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2
3
4
5
6
7
8
12
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