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Universities as drivers of regional innovation
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MANAGING INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY IN UNIVERSITIES Boğaziçi University in cooperation with the Turkish Patent InstituteIstanbul, April 14 to 15, 2011
Cerasela Tanasescu ESSEC Business School Romania Foundation
Universities as drivers of regional innovation
● Background
● Universities become stronger
● Universities play a social and economical role
● HERD’s positive effect
● Key data in Higher Education and R&D investment Link Between BERD and Patents BERD and Scoreboard
● Conclusions
19/04/23 - Universities as drivers of regional innovation
Contents
Background
We live in a global world with a global economy
Never the feeling that we all belong to a settled geographical region hadn’t been so strong
Regional strategies give big importance of building a knowledge-economy with:
Innovation and economic development approach
Industry as a key exploiter of this knowledge
What about Universities role?What about Universities role?
19/04/23 - Universities as drivers of regional innovation
In a global world we all belong to a settled geographical region
The Universities become stronger
The role of Universities in their region become stronger
Form universities now we expect to: Be the providers of higher education in the region, Enable individuals and local firms to create future
wealth. Be the players of an important social and cultural role Be important players in the local economy
We expect from universities to be the We expect from universities to be the coordinators of the development of the regioncoordinators of the development of the region
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The universities play a wider social and economic role
Universities play a social and economic role
Higher Education R&D (HERD) have a positive effect, linked to proximity, suggesting that universities have an important local role to play in raising the innovative capacity of local firms.
A crucial issue is the complementaritycomplementarity between (HERD) and Business Expenditure on R&D (BERD)
potential crowding-out effectsthe ability of local firms to absorb and benefit from HERD investments.
““Complementarity” probably lies with private R&D.Complementarity” probably lies with private R&D.
““Complementarity” is not guaranteed, nor is it automatic. Complementarity” is not guaranteed, nor is it automatic.
Universities as knowledge generators become drivers of regional innovation
19/04/23 - Universities as drivers of regional innovation
Universities are the coordinators of the development of the region
Higher Education R&D (HERD’s) positive effect
Little in this literature which suggests what types of regions are more likely to capture the benefits of university R&D on innovation.
Literature shows a real positive effect on the dynamic impact of HERD on productivity and growth, which may have (very) long time lags, but can be compromised by an excessive focus by universities on applied rather than basic R&D.
.
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Existing literature conclusions
HERD’s positive effect
Availability of R&D personnelEmphasising the importance of considering the supply of scientific labour as a
key element in the region’s capacity to benefit from HERD.
The absorptive capacity of local firmsShows the gains for innovation and productivity from HERD.
Business R&D expenditure (BERD) Is a good proxy measure for absorptive capacity suggesting the potential
importance of the balance between HERD and BERD expenditure.
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Key points indicators and measures
Key Data in Higher Education and R&D investiment
19/04/23 - Universities as drivers of regional innovation
BERD and Patents - France
Sursa :ERAWATCH
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Total EPO
Value 7291 7246 7321 7836 8313 8206 8275 8421
Total EPO
/mil hab. 120,4 118,8 119,2 126,6 133,4 130,7 130,9 132,4
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004Total USPTO
Value 4324 3912 3384 2839 2344
Total USPTO
/ mil hab. 71,4 64,2 55,1 45,9 37,6
Patente EPOSursa :ERAWATCH
Patente USPTOSursa :ERAWATCH
Source ERAWATCH
Key Data in Higher Education and R&D investiment
19/04/23 - Universities as drivers of regional innovation
BERD and Patent - Turkey
Sursa :ERAWATCH
2000 2001 2002 2003
2004 2005 2006
Total EPO
Value 44 45 61 85 125 131 154
Total EPO
/mil hab. - - - - - - -
2000 2001 2002 2003Total USPTO
Value 15 20 18 18
Total USPTO / mil hab - - - -
Patente EPOSursa :ERAWATCH
Patente USPTOSursa :ERAWATCH
Source ERAWATCH
Key Data in Higher Education and R&D investiment
19/04/23 - Universities as drivers of regional innovation
BERD and Scoreboard
Sursa :ERAWATCH
Patente EPOSursa :ERAWATCH
Patente USPTOSursa :ERAWATCH
Source ERAWATCH
BERD R&D Investment refers to all R&D performed by businesses regardless of the sources of funding. Hence, BERD includes R&D performed by a company but financed by other businesses or the ‘government’, ‘higher education’, ‘private non-profit’ and ‘abroad’ sectors.
Scoreboard Industrial R&D Investment, measure all R&D financed by a particular company, regardless of where that R&D is performed. Where possible, excludes R&D financed by governments or other companies, and also excludes the companies’ share of any associated company or joint venture R&D investment.
Key Data in Higher Education and R&D investiment
19/04/23 - Universities as drivers of regional innovation
BERD and Scoreboard
Sursa :ERAWATCH
Patente EPOSursa :ERAWATCH
Patente USPTOSursa :ERAWATCH
Source ERAWATCH
BERD/ IndustrialR&D Investment
BERDfunded byNon businessenterprisesand non-Scoreboardcompanies
IndustrialR&DInvestmentperformedby non businessenterprisesand non-Scoreboardcompanies
BERDSCOREBOARD
Key Data in Higher Education and R&D investiment
19/04/23 - Universities as drivers of regional innovation
BERD and Scoreboard
Sursa :ERAWATCH
Patente EPOSursa :ERAWATCH
Patente USPTOSursa :ERAWATCH
Source ERAWATCH
Country BERD 2004 (Millions of euro)Scoreboard 2004 (Millions of
euro) Scoreboard as a percentage of BERD
Austria 3 556 374 11%
Belgium 3714 453 39%
Cyprus 10 0 0%
Czech Republic 701 15 2%
Denmark 3332 1806 54%
Estonia 32 0 0%
Finland 3683 4855 132%
France 22210 19369 87%
Germany 38611 37859 98%
Greece 317 35 11%
Hungary 297 63 21%
Ireland 1150 284 25%
Italy 7293 4401 60%
Latvia 21 0 0%
Lithuania 29 0 0%
Luxembourg 393 363 92%
Malta 19 0 0%
Netherlands 5039 7153 142%
Poland 327 22 7%
Portugal 384 11 3%
Slovakia 86 0 0%
Slovenia 254 40 16%
Spain 4865 946 19%
UK 18883 17090 91%
EU25 (exc. Sweden) 115207 96138 83%
Conclusion
Increasing HERD in isolation is unlikely to generate significant regional benefits
Joined-up and consistent approach with HERD investments matched by initiatives to increase BERD and so develop absorptive capacity among local firms.
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HERD’s positive effect
Conclusion
It is possible for the universitiesuniversities to make a significant contribution to future to make a significant contribution to future regional economic development by regional economic development by developing and stimulating knowledge developing and stimulating knowledge transfer and IP management practices transfer and IP management practices with a commitment by the universities to align their knowledge transfer strategies with public sector policy and the underlying economic landscape.
There is a danger in the public sector encouraging HERD to be more applied and experimental, regarding the research capability of local firms. More appropriate may be the development of a differentiated strategy whereby the development of a differentiated strategy whereby basic research is basic research is supported by effective technology transfer organisationssupported by effective technology transfer organisations.
Determining appropriate levels of HERD in the knowledge generation process Determining appropriate levels of HERD in the knowledge generation process and subsequently the capability to exploit this knowledge through technology transfer.
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Universities are going to become even more important drivers of regional competitiveness
Thank you !