UNIVERSIDAD UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA SAN AUTONOMA SAN

FRANCISCOFRANCISCO

CUARTO SEMESTRECUARTO SEMESTRE

INGLES 4INGLES 4

TURISMO E IDIOMASTURISMO E IDIOMAS

STRUCTURE AND RULESSTRUCTURE AND RULES

Present Simple TensePresent Simple Tense I I singsing

How do we make the Present Simple How do we make the Present Simple Tense?Tense?

subject+auxiliary verb+main verb subject+auxiliary verb+main verb 

PRESENT SIMPLEPRESENT SIMPLE

There are three important There are three important exceptionsexceptions:: For positive sentences, For positive sentences, we do not we do not

normally use the auxiliarynormally use the auxiliary.. For the 3rd person singular (he, she, it), For the 3rd person singular (he, she, it),

we add we add ss to the main verb or  to the main verb or eses to the  to the auxiliary.auxiliary.

For the verb For the verb to beto be, we do not use an , we do not use an auxiliary, even for questions and auxiliary, even for questions and negatives.negatives.

PRESENT SIMPLEPRESENT SIMPLE

How do we use the Present Simple How do we use the Present Simple Tense?Tense?

We use the present simple tense when:We use the present simple tense when: the action is generalthe action is general the action happens all the time, or the action happens all the time, or

habitually, in the past, present and futurehabitually, in the past, present and future the action is not only happening nowthe action is not only happening now the statement is always truethe statement is always true

PRESENT SIMPLEPRESENT SIMPLE Look at these examples:Look at these examples: I live in New York.I live in New York. The Moon goes round the Earth.The Moon goes round the Earth. John drives a taxi.John drives a taxi. He does not drive a bus.He does not drive a bus. We meet every Thursday.We meet every Thursday. We do not work at night.We do not work at night. Do you play football?Do you play football? Note that with the verb Note that with the verb to beto be, we can also use the , we can also use the

present simple tense for situations that are not general. present simple tense for situations that are not general. We can use the present simple tense to talk about We can use the present simple tense to talk about nownow. . Look at these examples of the verb "to be" in the present Look at these examples of the verb "to be" in the present simple tense - some of them are simple tense - some of them are generalgeneral, some of them , some of them are are nownow::

Present ContinuousPresent Continuous FORMFORM [am/is/are + present participle][am/is/are + present participle] Examples:Examples: You You are watchingare watching TV. TV. AreAre you  you watchingwatching TV? TV? You You are not watchingare not watching TV. TV. Use the Present Continuous with Use the Present Continuous with NormalNormal VerbsVerbs

 to express the idea that something is happening  to express the idea that something is happening now, at this very moment. It can also be used to now, at this very moment. It can also be used to show that something is not happening now. show that something is not happening now.

Present ContinuousPresent Continuous

Examples:Examples: You You are learningare learning English now. English now. You You are not swimmingare not swimming now. now. AreAre you  you sleepingsleeping?? I I am sittingam sitting.. I I am not standingam not standing.. IsIs he  he sittingsitting or  or standingstanding?? They They are readingare reading their books. their books. They They are not watchingare not watching television. television. What What areare you  you doingdoing?? Why Why aren'taren't you  you doingdoing your homework? your homework?

Present ContinuousPresent Continuous n English, "now" can mean: this second, today, this n English, "now" can mean: this second, today, this

month, this year, this century, and so on. Sometimes, we month, this year, this century, and so on. Sometimes, we use the Present Continuous to say that we are in the use the Present Continuous to say that we are in the process of doing a longer action which is in progress; process of doing a longer action which is in progress; however, we might not be doing it at this exact second.however, we might not be doing it at this exact second.

Examples: (All of these sentences can be said while Examples: (All of these sentences can be said while eating dinner in a restaurant.)eating dinner in a restaurant.)

I I am studyingam studying to become a doctor. to become a doctor. I I am not studyingam not studying to become a dentist. to become a dentist. I I am readingam reading the book  the book Tom Sawyer.Tom Sawyer. I I am not readingam not reading any books right now. any books right now. AreAre you  you workingworking on any special projects at work? on any special projects at work? Aren'tAren't you  you teachingteaching at the university now? at the university now?

Present ContinuousPresent Continuous

Sometimes, speakers use the Present Sometimes, speakers use the Present Continuous to indicate that something will Continuous to indicate that something will or will not happen in the near future.or will not happen in the near future.

Examples:Examples: I I am meetingam meeting some friends after work. some friends after work. I I am not goingam not going to the party tonight. to the party tonight. IsIs he  he visitingvisiting his parents next weekend? his parents next weekend? Isn'tIsn't he  he comingcoming with us tonight? with us tonight?

Present ContinuousPresent Continuous

Present Continuous with words such as "always" Present Continuous with words such as "always" or "constantly" expresses the idea that or "constantly" expresses the idea that something irritating or shocking often happens. something irritating or shocking often happens. Notice that the meaning is like Notice that the meaning is like SimpleSimple PresentPresent, , but with negative emotion. Remember to put the but with negative emotion. Remember to put the words "always" or "constantly" between "be" and words "always" or "constantly" between "be" and "verb+ing.""verb+ing."

Examples:Examples: She She is always comingis always coming to class late. to class late. He He is constantly talkingis constantly talking. I wish he would shut . I wish he would shut

up.up. I don't like them because they I don't like them because they are always are always

complainingcomplaining..

Present ContinuousPresent Continuous

REMEMBER Non-Continuous Verbs/ Mixed REMEMBER Non-Continuous Verbs/ Mixed VerbsVerbs

It is important to remember that It is important to remember that NonNon--ContinuousContinuous VerbsVerbs cannot be used in any continuous tenses.  cannot be used in any continuous tenses. Also, certain non-continuous meanings for Also, certain non-continuous meanings for MixedMixed VerbsVerbscannot be used in continuous tenses. cannot be used in continuous tenses. Instead of using Present Continuous with these Instead of using Present Continuous with these verbs, you must use verbs, you must use SimpleSimple PresentPresent..

Examples:Examples: She She is lovingis loving this chocolate ice cream.  this chocolate ice cream. Not Not

CorrectCorrect She She lovesloves this chocolate ice cream.  this chocolate ice cream. CorrectCorrect

examplesexamples

bibliografiabibliografia

MACMILLAN ENGLISH GRAMMAR IN MACMILLAN ENGLISH GRAMMAR IN CONTEXT MICHAEL VINCE 2011CONTEXT MICHAEL VINCE 2011