Universal Knowledge ProjectFour Most Crucial Components

In Solving IT-age Knowledge Divide

A Digital Nations Project

Dr. Kazuhiko Nishinishi@media.mit.edu

Media LaboratoryMassachusetts Institute of Technology

July 24 & 25, 2001 Cambridge, USA

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Humankind has become the master of this planetthrough

languages and characters

Languages and charactershave guided humankind's development and growth

Languages and characters are a bridge linking

all nations and peoples

We need to solve language problems on the Internetso that we can make the best use of it

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Population Forecasts for Major Cities in 2010 (unit: millions)

(14) Calcutta (India) 15.70 m(15) New Delhi (India) 15.58 m(16) Los Angeles (USA) 13.91 m(17) Seoul(South Korea) 13.91 m(18) Buenos Aries (Argentina) 13.68 m(19) Cairo (Egypt) 13.42 m(20) Rio de Janeiro(Brazil) 13.32 m(21) Bangkok (Thailand) 12.74 m(22) Tehran (Iran) 11.88 m(23) Istanbul (Turkey) 11.80 m(24) Osaka (Japan) 10.60 m(25) Moscow (Russia) 10.37 m(26) Lima (Peru) 10.07 m

(1) Tokyo (Japan) 28.93 m(2) San Paolo(Brazil) 24.97 m(3) Bombay (India) 24.37 m(4) Shanghai (China) 21.67 m(5) Lagos (Nigeria) 21.09 m(6) Mexico City(Mexico） 18.02 m(7) Beijing (China) 17.97 m(8) Dhaka (Bangladesh) 17.55 m(9) New York (USA) 17.23 m(10) Jakarta (Indonesia) 17.20 m(11) Karachi (Pakistan) 17.02 m(12) Manila (Philippines) 16.06 m(13) Tenshin (China) 15.70 m

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2

3 4

56

7

8

9

10

1112

13

1415

1617

18

19

20

2122

23

24

25

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Source: World Bank Data

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The spread of the Internet will expand the unfairness of knowledge

Defacto standard language on the Internet == English

Knowledge ends up being created and stored in English

The knowledge of thosewho speak Englishincreases further

Those who cannot speakEnglish are unable to accessknowledge over the Internet

The gap grows larger and larger

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In order for humankind to be able to share knowledge,the following must happen:

1. There must be universal access to the Internet.

2. The problem of currency barriers must be resolved.

3. Inexpensive computers must become available everywhere.

4. The problem of language barriers must be resolved.

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Project 1

URI (Universal Radio Internet) Project

Satellite

Ku band transponder on PanAmSat

IEEE 802.11b + new 402.11x linkTerrestrial network connections for

inter-wireless packet routers & clients

802 for PC401 for long distance slow speed

Frequency

Ku band and 2.4/1.2 GHzworldwide coverage

Metropolitan Phased Array Antenna

“The Sun Flower”Distributed small antennas to and

from Ku band Satellite

Developing

a global wireless connection

to the Internet

without government license

Groupware and Remote Disk Server

Integrated messaging andinteractive learning

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GPS

802.11b401.11x

802.11b401.11x

USAT

Ku bandsatellite

802.11b401.11x

$500-$1000

$500 - $1000

USAT

Ku bandsatellite

Ku bandsatellite

GPS

GPS

$500 - $1000

USAT

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Project 2

UEC (Universal Electronic Coin) Project

Minimum unit is 1 microgram of gold

0.001 cent

Collaboration with major credit card companies and

major international banksIncludes localization flexibility

Web-based link operationtechnology

Repaying for quotes

Develop gold-based electronic prepaid

money system for micro payment

for browsing complying Web pages

Combination ofOnline and Offline transactions

3 options[US dollar and gold] in America

[Euro and gold] in Europe[Gold only] in the rest of the world

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Internet

RDID sensor

Pay by touching

Access RFID cardsupport

Swatch Access RFIDsupport

Universal PC

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Project 3

UPC (Universal Paper Computer) Project

Manufacturing several kinds of VLSI chips base on Strong Arm

Recyclable cardboard andplastic body

Technology for printing circuits on paper (application of

Joe Jacobson’s research at MIT)

Developing an improved OS, JAVA, and CPU-independent

P-code as the OS and programming language

Power supply by air and solar batteries

Developing $100 network PC

Cardboard PC based on one VLSI chip and circuits

printed on paper

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Single-Chip PC on a Paper

80211.b

1 chip

1 shot 1 piece KB

Rechargeablebatteries

Optionalmemory

Video out forTV monitor

Paper printed circuitUSB 2.0 port

Display option

640x480, 1024x7682000x1000

antenna

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Universal PC chip design

ARM9+Core

SDRAMCMEMC

SDRAM 16MB

Bridge

buffer

FLASH

VIDEO

SDRAM

WirelessLAN

(PCM)

(OPLL)

(PSG)

(I/O) (RTC) (TIMER)

Config

Bridge

MUX

Video

Video

VideoDAC

Video Out

FPGA

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Universal PC Chip Block Design Ver. 4

JTAG

ARM920T400 MHz

AHB-APBBridge

MEDIAcontroller

SD-memory2 slots

4chDMAC

MEMORYcontroller

Interruptcontroller

USB-Hostcontroller

USBTarget

controller

Video RAM8 MB

Videocontroller

RAM16 MB

FLASH8 MB

AHB

APB

SecurityWireless LAN

orBluetooth

TIMER RTC PIO

Videoselector

I/O selector

USB2.0UP

Stream7 ports

USB2.0DOWNStream1 port

Videoencoder

RF-ICKeyboard

port General I/O

portAUDIO

DAC

©2001 Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyMedia Lab / Kazuhiko Nishi

PLDDownloader

PLD

1 million gates

PLD RAM8 MB

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Project 4

UNL (Universal Networking Language) Project

Automated translationtechnology

Universal Word and Syntaxas intermediate language

HTML language extension

Develop

a browser-based

translation system

between 189 languages

Online multi-language dictionary maintenance system

Web-based operationtechnology

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UNL is The Way to Solve the Language Problem

Store knowledge in both its mother tongue and UNL

Those who speak that mother tongue can access knowledge as is

Those who speak another language can use a deconverterto translate UNL into their own language

Users install the deconverteras a plug-in for their browser

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Established Achievements in Key Languages

byGovernments, Universities, Laboratories, and Companies

forArabic, Chinese, English, French,

German, Hindi, Indonesian, Italian,Japanese, Latvian, Mongolian,

Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Swahili, and Thai

with support fromUnited Nations University,

Institute for Advanced Study,UNL Center

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Our Goals

By 2000,

16 languages online with UNL. (Almost done)

By the end of 2003,

31 languages (16 + all 15 EU) online with UNL.

(Soon…)

By 2009,

support all 189 UN member states.

(This is the real challenge!)

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Field Tests (Proposal)

As we develop this project, we will plan to start a field test in 2005 for the tools that will enable everyone, everywhere to participate in the digital community and share knowledge in their mother tongue for less than $100.

UnitedNations

UnitedNations

UniversityTokyo

UNLFoundation

GenevaMLE IOC Junior

SummitITU UNESCO Unicef Harvard Camp

UPC Available to everyone at a low price

Strong Arm +

Distributing 1000 sets of $100 PCsconnection routers to

1,000 communitiesDigital Foster Families

Workshops and contests for designing a $100 PC

URIAccessible anywhere in the

worldKu band and 1.2/2.4GHz

Feedback for technology evaluation

Online festival by participating communities

Field test both in real world and cyberspace

Electronic payment experiment with wireless

prepaid card system

UECUseable in cyberspace

in any country

Communication test usingpictographs and symbols

Digital applications to community problems such as medical care, education, and

the environment

UNLAccessible in any of the

189 languages

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The organization that accomplishes thiswill gain astronomical profit and fame.

However,we should not purse this project for profit and fame.

Should we not instead make this come true for the world as a legacy for our future generations?

If we do not do this, it is likely that other groups will try the same thing.

Not for competition,but for open cooperation and open collaboration

with other organizations and groups as well.