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United States Soccer Federation
Tactical Thinking for Referees
United States Soccer Federation
United States Soccer Federation
Tactical Thinking: RestartsTactical Thinking: Restarts
Any restart situation near goal is a significant event that requires careful handling.
The referee’s strategy must be selected based on the teams’ tactics during the game, and on the particular situation.
Flexibility is Essential!Flexibility is Essential!
United States Soccer Federation
Questions to Ask During the Questions to Ask During the Game:Game:
What are the teams doing with free-kicks near their opponent’s goal?
What are the teams doing with a throw-in near their opponent’s goal?
United States Soccer Federation
Free-kick Near GoalFree-kick Near Goal
Usually confronted by a “wall”
Wall can be beaten if positioned badly
Referee must prevent encroachment and gamesmanship
United States Soccer Federation
Free-kick near GoalFree-kick near Goal
If the wall cannot be moved it must be by-passed.
What does this mean for the referee?
United States Soccer Federation
Where would the referee normally be?
AR
Tactical Thinking: Free-kick near opponent’s goal
United States Soccer Federation
Where is the greatestdanger for defenders?
AR
R(normal position)
United States Soccer Federation
Where will theaction be?
AR
R(normal position)
Three unmarkedplayers
United States Soccer Federation
Does the referee havethe best possible view?
AR
R(normal position)
actio
n
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Has the referee improvedhis position?
AR
R(alternate position)
United States Soccer Federation
Where would the referee normally be?
AR
Tactical Thinking: Throw-in near opponent’s goal
United States Soccer Federation
Where is all the activity going to be?Does the referee have the best position?
AR
R(normal position)
United States Soccer Federation
In this somewhat unorthodox position, the referee has the best possible view of what is probably going to happen:
activity behind the defenders.
AR
R
(better position)
United States Soccer Federation
Tactical Thinking: Dynamic Tactical Thinking: Dynamic PlayPlay
Referees should not interfere with the tactical flow of the game
Referees: Must know how to “read the game” Must know where to go Must know where not to go
United States Soccer Federation
To deal with tactical problems:To deal with tactical problems:
Referees should study tactics of teams
Referees should study individual players
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Keys to Tactical Thinking:
SPACESPACE
&&
TIMETIME
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ProblemProblem:
Any time that the referee is in front of the ball, he may be using space that the players
could use.
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Solution 1:Solution 1:
Change position relative to the ball:
(a) by waiting for the player in possession to move ahead
(b) by actively seeking a position behind the ball
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Solution 2:Solution 2:
Hide behind an opponent:
If the referee is ahead of the ball and in a useful space (to the teams), he can “hide” behind an opponent of the team in possession.
United States Soccer Federation
Manchester Unitedvs.
Manchester City(English Football League)
AR
R
United States Soccer Federation
R
Referee seeks positionbehind the ball
AR
R
United States Soccer Federation
Referee “hides”
AR
R
R
United States Soccer Federation
Solution 3:Solution 3:
Referee can move into space that cannot be used by the players
United States Soccer Federation
R
Referee moves into space that the players cannot use at that moment
United States Soccer Federation
R
Referee is in space that the playerscannot use and can respond to the attack or a counter-attack
United States Soccer Federation
Tactical Thinking: Tactical Thinking: Off the Ball IncidentsOff the Ball Incidents
Players can play very effectively using their time
away from the ball.
How can we protect them?
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ProblemProblem:
How can the referee watch players during their time
away from the ball?
United States Soccer Federation
Solution 1:Solution 1:
Whenever he is behind the player with the ball, the referee can see
downfield without difficulty
United States Soccer Federation
Solution 2:Solution 2:
When a player has the ball, and has no opponent near him, the
referee may safely look downfield
United States Soccer Federation
R
AR
East Germany
Mexico
United States Soccer Federation
R
AR
East Germany
Mexico