United States History Review Semester 2

Who is Andrew Johnson?

• 1st President in US History to get impeached

• Personally disliked

What are Jim Crow Laws?

• Laws that were put in place to keep Southern society segregated - the separation of blacks and whites in society

What is Plessy V. Ferguson?

• In 1896 made segregation legal

• “Separate but Equal”

Key Constitutional Amendments

• Abolition of Slavery

• Equal Protection under the law

• Prohibition

• Black males could vote

• Women could Vote

Who was Andrew Carnegie?

• Captain of Industry

• One of the richest men in the United States

• Cornered the market on steel

What are labor unions?

• Groups of workers attempting to get change at the workplace

• Tactics Used: Strikes, Collective Bargaining

What is the American Federation of Labor?

• Led by Samuel Gompers

• Used collective bargaining

• Used strike as a tool to achieve success

What is the Progressive Movement?

• Reforming American society

• Reforming business

• Reforming government

Who was Teddy Roosevelt?

• No nonsense reformer

• Reforms big business

• Aims to break up large monopolies known as trusts

What is the Jungle?

• Book written by Upton Sinclair

• Written based on observations of Chicago Meatpacking industry

Who is Jane Addams?

• She was a progressive reformer

• Set up Hull House in Chicago- a settlement house that catered to the needs of immigrants

Who was WEB DuBois?

• Powerful intellectual

• Felt that rights and equality needed to gained right now

• Promoted agitation within society

Who was Booker T. Washington?

• Promoted the idea of working in the workforce

• Slowly but surely gaining rights and respect

Who are the muckrakers?

• Journalists during the Progressive period

• Investigative reporters who exposed horrors of the Industrial Age

What is the Cuban Revolt in 1890?

• Cuba revolts against Spain

• US joins in to take advantage of Spain losing Cuba

• Sympathetic to American business interests in Cuba

What is yellow journalism?

• Over exaggerate news stories

• Fake news stories

• Helps to gain support for Spanish-American War

What led to US involvement?

• USS Maine was sunk off of the coast of Cuba

What does the US gain?

• The US gained territories of Puerto Rico and Guam

How did the Philippines react to America intervention?

• Open rebellion that led to their eventual independence from Spain and then America

Why Imperialism in America?

• Looking to expand power politically and economically

• Ideas of Manifest Destiny

Why did the US enter WWI?

• Germany continued to sink US ships

• Zimmerman Note

What are the Fourteen Points?

• A plan to maintain peace throughout the world to avoid further wars

What is the League of Nations?

• Peace keeping organization set up after WWI

• Did not include the US because membership would likely lead to American foreign policy being influenced by others

What is the Treaty of Versailles?

• Peace treaty that ended WWI

• One of the causes of WWII

• Placed all the blame as well as debt on Germany for WWI

What is isolationism?

• Foreign Policy of the US which sought to stay out of the affairs of the rest of the world

What is the 19th Amendment?

• Women gained the right to vote

• Led by Susan B. Anthony and other influential women’s rights leaders

What is Prohibition?

• Made illegal the sale and manufacture of liquor

• It was widely ignored by the people

• Led to bootleggers and illegal manufacture and sale of liquor

What does it mean to buy on margin?

• Pay 10 percent of the value of stock you want

• Pay 1000 now for 10000 worth of stock

• You still owe the 9,000 for the purchase

• Just like gambling

What is the Bonus Army?

• Came to nation’s capital to protest peacefully

• They refused to budge

• Hoover sent in troops to disband the army which led to the deaths of children

Who was Franklin Delano Roosevelt?

• Elected to the presidency in 1932 to deal with problems of unemployment, lack of money and food

• Reformer who promoted government intervention to solve America’s problems

What did he do in first 100 Days?

• Closed banks and inspected them

• Alphabet Soup - title given to legislation passed during the first 100 days

What is the New Deal?

• Develops Social Security

• This was aided at helping older Americans

• Money provided to live on after retiring from work or unable to work anymore

What ended the Great Depression?

• Massive industrialization during World War II ended the depression

• Many males went to war

• Many women enter the workforce

What is the Lend-Lease Act?

• Providing our allies with weapons during World War II

• Leads to America becoming economic superpower

How many times was FDR elected?

• Only US President elected to four terms as president

• Leads to presidential term limits after his death

Who were the Allied Powers during World War II?

• Britain

• France

• United States

• Russia

Who were the Axis Powers?

• Italy

• Germany

• Japan

What is Pearl Harbor?

• Bombing of US by the Japanese

• Causes US entrance into WWII

• Known as the “day that will live in infamy”

What is Japanese Internment?

• Forced movement of Japanese Americans into camps

What did Americans face at home during WWII?

• Buying of war bonds

• Increased opportunities for women

• Food rationing

What is the D-Day Invasion?

• Allied invasion of France

• Turning point in the defeat of the Germans in Europe

What is Island Hopping?

• Strategy used by the US to win the war in the Pacific with the Japanese

What is the Manhattan Project?

• Project used to develop the atomic bomb

Who dropped the Atomic Bomb?

• United States drops the atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki

What is the Truman Doctrine?

• Policy of containment of Russia after World War II

• Keep communism from spreading to other locations

What was the Marshall Plan?

• Helping to rebuild nations after the war

• To prevent the spread of Communism

• Used effectively in Japan and Western Germany