United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Grain ......3 This year, the TMO’s wheat support prices were set at 1650 TL/MT ($234/MT given exchange rate on the day of the

United States Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service Grain: World Markets and Trade

Approved by the World Agricultural Outlook Board/USDA For email subscription, click here to register:

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November 2020

China Grain Imports to Rise Higher

China’s combined grain imports are forecast at a record level in 2020/21 driven by demand for feedstuffs. The upsurge has partially stimulated grain trade and elevated prices in the world market. China’s imports of coarse grains for 2020/21 (Oct-Sep) are forecast higher this month, mirroring the level seen in 2014/15 when imports spiked due to strong prices in the domestic market. The rise for 2020/21 is supported by strong recovery in the swine sector, which has been driving feed demand higher. Corn prices in the domestic market have rallied since February, and in October, the national price averaged around $362 per ton, the highest since August 2015. Greater imports are primarily driven by corn. The surge in corn imports is partly based on China Customs Statistics and U.S. Grain Inspections data through early November, which indicate that imports will far exceed the tariff-rate quota (TRQ) level of 7.2 million tons in calendar year 2020. There have been no public statements that would indicate that additional quota has been allocated by the National Development Reform Commission, the authority governing the TRQs. China wheat imports of 8.0 million tons in 2020/21 are forecast at their highest level in 25 years as State Trading Enterprises are helping bolster domestic stocks and taking advantage of competitively priced foreign supplies. The price spread between the average domestic price and import price was approximately $70 per ton in September, accounting for over one-fifth of the total domestic price. China is taking advantage of this arbitrage opportunity to help replace and rebuild aging government reserves. Moreover, the government’s domestic wheat procurements were down more than 13.5 million tons compared to last year, further incentivizing higher imports.

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The demand for feed-quality wheat has surged because of significant inflation in the domestic corn market. The differential between the national average prices for wheat and corn was below $5 per ton in October 2020, compared with almost $60 last year. The narrow price difference between corn and wheat (new-crop price) is driving significant auction sales of old-crop domestic wheat (at parity or lower than new-crop corn in some instances). In October 2020, domestic auctions sold more than 7.1 million tons compared with the previous year. In contrast, China rice imports are forecast lower compared to last year. The challenges that exist in the feed market have not been as concerning for China in the food market. Food use, which accounts for the vast majority of use, is estimated to be lower in 2020/21 as the government has implemented policies to reduce food waste. Although feed use for rice is typically minimal, this year more rice is being used for feed as the government draws down the massive old crop supplies in sales at very low prices. Notably, the China export forecast is trimmed, with more of the old-crop supplies from auctions expected to meet the strong domestic feed demand rather than expanding to additional foreign markets.

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Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 2 November 2020Global Market Analysis

TABLE OF CONTENTS

World Markets and Trade: Commodities and Data WHEAT ....................................................................................................... 4 RICE ........................................................................................................... 9 COARSE GRAINS .................................................................................... 13 ENDNOTES .............................................................................................. 19 DATA TABLES ......................................................................................... 22 The Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) updates its production, supply and distribution (PSD) database for cotton, oilseeds, and grains at 12:00 p.m. on the day the World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates (WASDE) report is released. This circular is released by 12:15 p.m. To download the tables in the publication, go to Production, Supply and Distribution Database (PSD Online): scroll down to Reports, and then click Grains.

FAS Reports and Databases: Current World Markets and Trade and World Agricultural Production Reports Archived World Markets and Trade and World Agricultural Production Reports Production, Supply and Distribution Database (PSD Online) Global Agricultural Trade System (U.S. Exports and Imports) Export Sales Report Global Agricultural Information Network (Agricultural Attaché Reports) Other USDA Reports: World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates (WASDE) Economic Research Service National Agricultural Statistics Service


https://apps.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/



https://usda.library.cornell.edu/concern/publications/zs25x844t?locale=en

https://usda.library.cornell.edu/concern/publications/5q47rn72z?locale=en

https://apps.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/app/index.html#/app/home

https://apps.fas.usda.gov/gats/default.aspx

https://apps.fas.usda.gov/esrquery/

https://gain.fas.usda.gov/

http://www.usda.gov/oce/commodity/wasde/

http://www.ers.usda.gov/topics/crops

http://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/

WHEAT

WHEAT PRICES Domestic: Prices for most U.S. wheat classes were up for the third consecutive month, owing mostly to unfavorable early-season crop conditions for U.S. winter wheat and newly planted winter wheat in the Black Sea region. Prices also rose on increased speculative buying of wheat futures. Hard Red Winter (HRW) climbed $8/ton to $276 based on strong shipments to China and continued constrained export capacity. Soft Red Winter (SRW) edged up $3/ton and sits at $271, supported by upward price movements for SRW futures. Continued strong shipments and sales underpinned Soft White Winter (SWW), which surged $17/ton and witnessed the strongest upward movement to settle at $265. Hard Red Spring (HRS) was supported by recent sales and shipments to settle at $297.

Source: IGC *Note on FOB prices: HRW (Hard Red Winter); SRW (Soft Red Winter); SWW (Soft White Wheat); HRS (Hard Red Spring)

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OVERVIEW FOR 2020/21 Global production is down this month with lower crops for Argentina and Turkey more than offsetting a higher Russia harvest. Global consumption is boosted on higher feed consumption in China, the European Union, and Vietnam. Global trade is also up, driven by higher Russia, European Union, and Kazakhstan exports; China and Pakistan imports are raised for the third consecutive month. The projected U.S. season-average farm price is unchanged at $4.70 per bushel.


Global: World wheat prices remained firm this month, mostly due to dry weather impacting the start of the growing season in the Northern Hemisphere and unfavorable production conditions in Argentina. Strong global export demand drove further price spikes in Canada, European Union, Russia, and the United States, demonstrated by robust export sales reports this month. Concerns about the rise in COVID-19 infections worldwide and recent rains in Russia and the U.S. Plains softened price increases more recently.

Argentina Australia Canada EU Russia United States $256 $255 $269 $257 $252 $276

Note: As of November 6th, 2020

Source: IGC *Note on FOB prices: Argentina- 12.0%, up river; Australia- average of APW; Fremantle, Newcastle, and Port Adelaide; Russia - Black Sea- milling; EU- France grade 1, Rouen; US- HRW 11.5% Gulf; Canada- CWRS (13.5%), Vancouver

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MARKET FEATURE Turkey Government Eliminates Import Taxes as Domestic Wheat Prices Surge

Source: Polatli Commodity Exchange

To combat food-price inflation, a Presidential Decree was issued in October that eliminates Turkey import taxes on wheat, corn, and barley. By reducing tariffs on wheat from 45 percent to zero through December 31, the government aims to encourage local producers to sell stocks and stabilize domestic prices. Importing wheat without taxes would be significantly less than the domestic wheat exchange prices. This policy was implemented as Turkey domestic wheat prices have once again climbed to record levels this year. Hard Red Anatolian Wheat reached 2,333 Turkish lira (TL) per ton this month1, a 48 percent increase from last year. With a stumbling economy and the lira depreciating rapidly, the situation for Turkey wheat producers, consumers, and traders appears bleak. Turkey’s producer price index rose more than 18 percent since last year, and wheat price inflation is outpacing core inflation2 by a significant margin. The Turkey state-operated grain board (known as TMO) continues to buy wheat from Turkey farmers at pre-established intervention prices,3 subsidizing domestic prices to levels higher than those of the global market. These agricultural support programs, along with high tariffs and the country’s macroeconomic crisis, have driven domestic wheat prices above international prices in recent years. Moreover, with wheat prices surging internationally in October, the cost of wheat imports has also increased, further pressuring domestic prices upwards. Imports are forecast down significantly since 2019/20 (Jun/May) due to a larger domestic crop, but are still likely to remain at historically high levels, supported by zero tariffs. Despite larger production,

1 $273 per ton at 8.52TL/USD exchange rate. 2 Consumer price index (CPI) increased by 11.89 percent annually. Source: Turkish Statistical Institute. 3 This year, the TMO’s wheat support prices were set at 1650 TL/MT ($234/MT given exchange rate on the day of the May 4 announcement) for Anatolian Hard Red Milling wheat—a 300 TL increase from last year.

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additional imports will be needed to fulfill internal consumption needs. Recent tenders issued by TMO have further stabilized the domestic market, and these efforts are projected to support domestic milling and curb historic inflation. These imports are also expected to satisfy the needs of its wheat processing sector. With Turkey being the world’s largest exporter of both wheat flour and pasta, the country relies on wheat imports to support processing of wheat products and exports, along with meeting domestic demand.

Source: Trade Data Monitor Calculated using the USDA wheat grain equivalent conversion factor of 1.368 for wheat flour (HS code 1101),

uncooked pasta (HS code 190219), other pasta (HS code 190230), and couscous (HS code 190240).

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TRADE CHANGES IN 2020/21 (1,000 MT)

Country Attribute Previous Current Change Reason

Argentina Exports 13,000 12,500 -500 Lower crop

European Union Exports 25,500 26,000 500 French shipments buoyed by strong China demand

Kazakhstan Exports 6,500 6,700 200 Larger-than-expected shipments for first quarter of year

Russia Exports 39,000 39,500 500 Larger crop and strong demand from international tenders

Algeria Imports 7,000 6,800 -200 Government discouragement of foreign currency to finance imports due to constrained foreign currency reserves

China Imports 7,500 8,000 500 Import pace to date and exporter shipment data after September

European Union Imports 5,500 5,700 200 Lower domestic supplies from lower production and carryin

Korea, South Imports 3,700 3,900 200 Greater feed demand and recent large purchases of U.S. white wheat for feed use

Mexico Imports 5,300 5,000 -300 Slow demand evidenced by U.S. export sales and shipments data

Pakistan Imports 1,500 2,000 500 Further government and private purchases to bolster domestic supplies and curb food price inflation arising from low stock levels

Turkey Imports 7,000 7,700 700 Smaller domestic crop


RICE

RICE PRICES

Global: Over the past month, U.S. long-grain export quotes have remained stable at $625/ton, while Uruguayan quotes remain at $620/ton due to continued tight supplies in South America. Thai quotes have dropped to $459/ton as demand remains low. The past few weeks Thai prices have been atypically at a discount to Vietnamese quotes, which have risen to $499/ton due to tight supplies and weather-related disruptions amid the recent harvest. Pakistani quotes are at $385/ton, which have declined since last month amid new crop arrivals. Meanwhile Indian quotes at $350/ton continue to be the lowest among the major exporters.

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OVERVIEW FOR 2020/21 Global rice production is forecast lower this month mainly on a smaller crop in Bangladesh. Global trade is up based primarily on Turkey trade data revisions, higher imports for the European Union, and larger exports for Cambodia. OVERVIEW FOR 2019/20 Global rice production is up slightly, with upward revisions for Paraguay, the Dominican Republic, and Taiwan. Global trade is higher, with stronger demand from the European Union, Nigeria, and Turkey. Higher exports from India, Cambodia, and Paraguay more than offset lower exports from Vietnam, China, and the United States.


MARKET FEATURES Iraq Increases Reliance on India for Rice

Iraq is a key Middle Eastern rice importer and is the only country in the region to source substantial quantities from both Asian and Western Hemisphere suppliers. However, this year, Iraq has purchased nearly all of its rice from India, which has more than an 80 percent market share as of August. While Iraq has been able to import almost 700,000 tons thus far, its 2020 imports have been stalled significantly due to a struggling economy amid low oil prices. With overall lower imports, tight competition in the marketplace has allowed India to prevail as the largest rice exporter to Iraq.

The majority of Iraq’s imports from India are basmati, a popular fragrant rice which is similar to the locally grown rice, ambar. The remaining purchases of rice are generally long grain milled white rice, with a smaller amount of purchases being medium grain milled white rice. With basmati rice being more popular, Iraq’s imports of Indian basmati rice have risen from less than 20,000 tons a decade ago to more than half a million this year. Although basmati prices are significantly higher than white rice, the gap between basmati prices and white rice prices have narrowed this year. As basmati prices become relatively less expensive and consumers continue to prefer the taste of fragrant rice, the private sector has been able to sustain these imports. In addition to basmati from India, Iraq also imports jasmine from Vietnam to fulfill its fragrant rice demand. However, with Vietnam’s ban on rice exports earlier this year, India has been able to gain and hold Vietnam’s lost market share.

Meanwhile, white rice that is allocated through the public distribution system has been delayed this year because of budget complications. Iraq imported a small amount of white rice from Thailand as prices have been significantly less than the Western Hemisphere suppliers. While South American countries such as Uruguay and Argentina typically have a portion of Iraq’s white rice market, tight supplies and higher prices have confined their trade largely to the Western Hemisphere. The United States has typically supplied about 100-150,000 tons annually but has yet to sell to Iraq this calendar year amid tight supplies. With a larger crop this autumn and potential new sources of financing for Iraq, U.S. exporters are aiming to see Iraq purchase U.S. rice soon. However, with fewer government purchases and more private sector buying, Iraq is projected to continue relying heavily on India to supply the market.

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China Expands Its Reach in the Medium Grain Market

Over the past 3 years, China has seized the medium and short grain global rice market with expanding low-priced exports. Historically, the United States has been the top medium and short grain exporter, with the European Union, Australia, and China supplying smaller shares of the market. Most rice traded internationally is long grain, but markets around the Mediterranean region and East Asia tend to import relatively more medium and short grain rice.

However, since 2017, China exports have risen sharply with sales from its abundant inventory of low-quality stocks. China medium grain milled export prices fell by one-half between 2016 and 2017 and continue to trend downward in 2020. China exports remain high largely because of low prices in comparison with other suppliers.

For most of the past decade, China exported primarily to East Asian markets: North Korea, South Korea, and Japan. Since emerging as the world’s largest medium and short grain exporter, though, China exports have reached vastly different markets, extending its geographic reach considerably. The largest China rice markets in 2020 are Egypt, South Korea, Sierra Leone, and Papua New Guinea. While South Korea represents one of the core markets, the others represent new regions where China is growing its market share.

China exports are reaching new markets within the Mediterranean such as Egypt. After the Egyptian government limited rice planting area in 2018, the crop fell by more than a one-third and it turned to the global market to offset the shortfall. China thus expanded into the Mediterranean region and Egypt became its largest market. To meet domestic demand, Egypt imported nearly 450,000 tons of medium and short grain rice from China in 2019 and more than 250,000 tons so far this year. Other markets where China has expanded within the Mediterranean include Turkey, Libya, and Lebanon.

Surprisingly in 2017, China began exporting low-priced medium grain to several markets in Sub-Saharan Africa, which had not traditionally been a major market. Exports are sent to a variety of markets in Africa with Sierra Leone being the largest this year. The African markets account for nearly one-third of China medium grain exports.

A relative absence of Australia in the market has enabled China to supply markets in Oceania, including Papua New Guinea. In previous years, Papua New Guinea would import from the United States when Australia experienced production shortfalls, but recently it has turned to China instead based on low price and close proximity.

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Looking into 2021, China is expected to continue liquidating its huge inventory. Despite a slowdown in exports to African countries, exports are expected to remain high based on competitively priced commercial shipments and food aid. However, strong domestic demand and the return of Australia to the market will likely limit further expansions to new markets.

Turkey Rice Trade Revisions

This month includes a multi-year revision based on updated trade data from 2013 to present that more closely aligns Turkey imports with what the exporters report as trade to the country. The series now follows the Turkey General Trade System data that includes trade entering and exiting customs warehouses and free trade zones, which were previously excluded. A large portion of Turkey’s rice imports have been paddy that has been imported and then milled, often in the free trade zones. With this new data, Turkey’s rice exports are also increased to show where those milled exports were destined. The charts below show the import and exports as reported last month compared to the current estimates.

While this revision increases both imports and exports for Turkey, the impact on the net imports (total imports minus total exports) is relatively minimal. This additional data provides more comprehensive accounting of the imports across several of its trading partners, including Iraq, Syria, Libya, and Lebanon. Exports by Turkey to these destinations and others are highlighted below.

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TRADE CHANGES IN 2021 (1,000 MT)


European Union Imports 2,350 2,450 100 Expected continued consumption

growth for imported varieties

Turkey Imports 230 450 220 Updated forecast based on trade data revision

Cambodia Exports 1,300 1,400 100 Improved prospects to China under current agreement

China Exports 2,900 2,700 -200 Stronger domestic demand

Turkey Exports 25 200 175 Updated forecast based on trade data revision

TRADE CHANGES IN 2020 (1,000 MT)


European Union Imports 2,300 2,400 100 Higher volumes from Asian

suppliers

Nigeria Imports 1,000 1,200 200 Sustained demand for parboiled rice

Turkey Imports 270 500 230 Trade data revision

Cambodia Exports 1,200 1,350 150 Strong exports to China year to date

China Exports 2,900 2,700 -200 Reduced exports to various African markets and to Turkey

India Exports 12,200 13,000 800 Raised to a record on competitive prices and robust shipments to Africa and the Middle East

Paraguay Exports 700 800 100 Larger volumes to Central America and Mexico

Turkey Exports 25 225 200 Trade data revision

United States Exports 3,100 2,900 -200 Delayed harvest and weather-related logistical disruptions, especially along the Gulf Coast

Vietnam Exports 6,600 6,400 -200

High prices, strong domestic demand, and few additional contracts to Southeast Asian markets


COARSE GRAINS

CORN PRICES Global: Since the October WASDE, major export bids have continued their rallies as expectations for corn production in Ukraine have deteriorated. By late October, all exporters’ bids were at or above $230/ton, a price level not seen since 2014, though prices have eased a bit in the week leading up to the November WASDE. Black Sea bids are up $28/ton to $231 on Ukraine crop size concerns. Brazilian bids are up $27/ton to $233 and Argentine bids are up $23/ton to $225, both on tight near-by supplies. U.S. bids are up $12/ton to $221 on strong sales and a weaker dollar.

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Argentina Brazil US Black Sea Source: IGC

OVERVIEW FOR 2020/21 Global corn production is forecast substantially lower as reductions for Ukraine, the European Union, Russia, and the United States far outweigh a larger crop in South Africa. Global trade is little changed overall from last month with lower imports for the European Union, Iran, and Mexico offset by higher trade to China. Global exports are similarly little changed as declines in Ukraine and Russia are primarily offset by a gain in the United States. If realized, U.S. exports (Oct-Sep) would be a record. The U.S. season-average farm price is up $0.40 to $4.00 per bushel.


MARKET FEATURES Turkey’s Corn and Barley Balance Sheet Revised Turkey’s balance sheets for corn and barley4 are revised in the Production, Supply and Distribution (PSD) database to incorporate the revisions by the Turkey Statistical Institute (TSI). In October, the Foreign Agricultural Service in Ankara confirmed that the TSI revised its trade statistics to include goods entering and leaving Customs warehouses and free trade zones in Turkey. The revisions, covering from 2013 through the present, boost corn and barley imports to be more in line with exporters’ data. Exports for both grains are also raised by a similar magnitude, apparently reflecting transshipments to third countries, primarily Iraq and Syria.

Likewise, corn and barley balance sheets for Iraq and Syria are updated in the PSD database for the same period. Turkey has become as a major transshipment point for feed grain trade in the region, and the revisions provide practical confirmation in the absence of readily available statistics by Iraq and Syria. The magnitude of revisions is larger for corn than barley in both countries. With abundant local production, barley remains the key feed grain used in both Iraq and Syria.

4 Only corn is graphed due to its significance.

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Record-breaking Year for Ukraine Corn Slips Out of Reach

Despite an initially promising outlook for the 2020/21 year, the forecasts for Ukraine corn production and exports have fallen substantially. In May 2020, Ukraine was forecast at 39.0 million metric tons (tons) of corn production and 33.0 million tons of exports; as of this month, production and exports are down to 28.5 million tons and 22.5 million tons, respectively. Drought conditions across the country have devastated the corn crop and resulted in downward revisions. As an export-focused market, the cut to Ukraine’s corn production has corresponded to lower expected exports. Ukraine’s competitors are in position to secure more volume in two major markets – the European Union and China. As discussed in last month’s Grain: World Markets and Trade report5, Ukraine and the European Union are each other’s largest trading partners for corn; Ukraine is also the primary supplier of corn to China. However, Brazil is the second-largest exporter of corn to the European Union, and inspections of U.S. corn to China (since September 1) have exceeded 2.1 million tons. Moreover, as discussed in this month’s cover story, China is expected to import substantively beyond its tariff-rate quota of 7.2 million tons in CY 2020. The deep cuts to Ukraine’s production and exportable supplies are expected to impact both the volume of trade with the European Union as well as market share in China. With Brazil forecast to have record production in 2020/21 and the United States forecast to have both its second-highest production on record and ample supplies, global trade is seeing a rebalancing as the United States steps up its exports, filling the gap in global markets when other corn exporters fall short. On top of the available supplies, U.S. corn is currently price-competitive against other bids as well.

5 https://downloads.usda.library.cornell.edu/usda-esmis/files/zs25x844t/7h14bd24q/gq67kf77r/grain.pdf

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https://downloads.usda.library.cornell.edu/usda-esmis/files/zs25x844t/7h14bd24q/gq67kf77r/grain.pdf

Aside from China, the other countries in East Asia (Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan) have historically imported substantial volumes of corn from the United States, but over the past few years, Brazil has captured some of this trade for itself. One possible rebalancing scenario would be a temporary reversal of this trend where Brazil exports smaller volumes to these markets in favor of the European Union, leaving more room for U.S. corn to fill East Asian demand. So far in 2020/21, U.S. Export Sales Reporting total commitments to each of these three countries are up from the same time last year.

Corn Imports by Origin (Oct-Sep, Taiwan data through August 2020)

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TRADE CHANGES IN 2020/21 (1,000 MT)

Country Commodity Attribute Previous Current Change Reason

China Barley Imports 5,300 6,500 1,200 Strong feed demand

Corn Imports 7,000 13,000 6,000 Robust demand (see cover story)

European Union

Barley Exports 6,000 6,500 500 Demand from China Corn Imports 24,000 20,000 -4,000 Cut to Ukraine exports

Iran Barley Imports 3,000 2,500 -500

Carryover change Corn Imports 9,000 8,000 -1,000

Mexico Corn Imports 18,300 17,300 -1,000 Slow growth in feed use Russia Corn Exports 3,900 3,100 -800 Crop cut in southern Russia Saudi Arabia Barley Imports 7,500 7,300 -200 Carryover change South Africa Corn Exports 2,300 2,800 500 Larger crop South Korea Corn Imports 11,800 12,000 200 Carryover change

Turkey Corn Exports 50 600 550 Carryover change based on historical revisions

Ukraine Corn Exports 30,500 22,500 -8,000 Production slashed United States Corn Exports 58,000 66,000 8,000 Reduced competition

TRADE CHANGES IN 2019/20 (1,000 MT) Based on trade data

Country Commodity Attribute Previous Current Change

Argentina Corn Exports 39,640 39,911 271 Brazil Corn Exports 35,000 34,521 -479

China Barley Imports 5,300 5,969 669 Corn Imports 7,000 7,596 596

Colombia Corn Imports 6,200 5,976 -224

Iran Barley Imports 3,000 2,500 -500 Corn Imports 8,000 7,000 -1,000

Iraq Corn Imports 544 800 256 Kenya Corn Imports 500 300 -200 Mexico Corn Imports 17,000 16,526 -474 Russia Barley Exports 4,600 4,800 200 Saudi Arabia Barley Imports 7,500 7,200 -300 South Korea Corn Imports 11,600 11,892 292 Taiwan Corn Imports 4,200 4,400 200 Tunisia Corn Imports 1,100 882 -218

Turkey Corn Exports 2,800 3,004 204 Imports 30 471 441

Zimbabwe Corn Imports 1,000 550 -450


ENDNOTES REGIONAL TABLES North America: Canada, Mexico, the United States Central America: Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama Caribbean: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, French West Indies, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Haiti, Jamaica and Dep, Leeward-Windward Islands, Martinique, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, U.S. Virgin Islands South America: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela EU: includes countries in the customs union, including the UK (Austria, Belgium/Luxembourg, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom) Other Europe: Albania, Azores, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Former Yugoslavia, Gibraltar, Iceland, Macedonia, Montenegro, Norway, Serbia, Switzerland Former Soviet Union: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan Middle East: Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Yemen North Africa: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia Sub-Saharan Africa: all African countries except North Africa East Asia: China, Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea, North Korea, Macau, Mongolia, Taiwan South Asia: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Maldives Southeast Asia: Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam Oceania: Australia, Fiji, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea


OTHER NOTES Local Marketing Years (LMY): LMY refers to the 12-month period at the onset of the main harvest, when the crop is marketed (i.e., consumed, traded, or stored). The year first listed begins a country's LMY for that commodity (2019/20 starts in 2019); except for summer grains in certain Southern Hemisphere countries and for rice in selected countries, where the second year begins the LMY (2019/20 starts in 2020). Key exporter LMY’s are:

Wheat Corn Barley Sorghum Argentina (Dec/Nov) Argentina (Mar/Feb) Australia (Nov/Oct) Argentina (Mar/Feb) Australia (Oct/Sep) Brazil (Mar/Feb) Canada (Aug/Jul) Australia (Mar/Feb) Canada (Aug/Jul) Russia (Oct/Sep) European Union (Jul/Jun) United States (Sep/Aug) China (Jul/Jun) South Africa (May/Apr) Kazakhstan (Jul/Jun) European Union (Jul/Jun) Ukraine (Oct/Sep) Russia (Jul/Jun) India (Apr/Mar) United States (Sep/Aug) Ukraine (Jul/Jun) Kazakhstan (Sep/Aug) United States (Jun/May) Russia (Jul/Jun) Turkey (Jun/May) Ukraine (Jul/Jun) United States (Jun/May)

For a complete list of local marketing years, please see the FAS website (https://apps.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/): go to Reports, Reference Data, and then Data Availability. Stocks: Unless otherwise stated, stock data are based on an aggregate of differing local marketing years and should not be construed as representing world stock levels at a fixed point in time. Consumption: World totals for consumption reflect total utilization, including food, seed, industrial, feed, and waste; as well as differences in local marketing year imports and local marketing year exports. Consumption statistics for regions and individual countries, however, reflect food, seed, industrial, feed, and waste only. Trade: All PSD tables are balanced on the different local marketing years. All trade tables contain Trade Year (TY) data which puts all countries on a uniform, 12-month period for analytical comparisons: wheat is July/June; coarse grains, corn, barley, sorghum, oats, and rye are Oct/Sept; and rice is calendar year. EU Consolidation: The trade figures starting from 1999/00 represent the European Union (EU27 plus UK) and exclude all intra-trade. For the years 1960/61 through 1998/99, figures are the EU-15 and also exclude all intra-trade. EU-15 member states' data for grains are no longer maintained in the official USDA database. Data for the individual NMS-10, plus Bulgaria, Romania, and Croatia, exists only prior to 1999/00. Statistics: (1) Wheat trade statistics include wheat, flour, and selected pasta products on a grain equivalent basis. (2) Rice trade statistics include rough, brown, milled, and broken on a milled equivalent basis. (3) Coarse grains statistics include corn, barley, sorghum, oats, rye, millet, and mixed grains but exclude trade in barley malt, millet, and mixed grains.



Unaccounted: This term includes grain in transit, reporting discrepancies in some countries, and trade to countries outside the USDA database. The Global Commodity Analysis Division, Global Market Analysis, Foreign Agricultural Service, USDA, Washington, DC 20250, prepared this publication. Information is gathered from official statistics of foreign governments and other foreign source materials, reports of U.S. agricultural attachés and Foreign Service officers, office research, and related information. Further information may be obtained by writing the Division or telephoning (202) 720-3448. Note: For further details on world grain production, please see World Agricultural Production November 2020. This publication is available in its entirety on the Internet via the Foreign Agricultural Service Home Page. The address is: http://www.fas.usda.gov

Graham Soley (202) 772-4235 [email protected] Wheat Amy Gaito [email protected] Wheat Rachel Trego (202) 720-1073 [email protected] Wheat/Rice Adolfo Escoto [email protected] Rice Jenny Morgan (202) 720-1743 [email protected] Rice Yoonhee Macke (202) 690-4199 [email protected] Coarse Grains Kevin Min (202) 720-0626 [email protected] Coarse Grains


https://www.fas.usda.gov/data/world-agricultural-production

http://www.fas.usda.gov/

mailto:[email protected]







DATA TABLES

Page Intentionally Left Blank


All Grain Summary Comparison

Million Metric Tons

Marketing Year

Wheat Rice, Milled Corn

2020/212019/202018/192020/212019/202018/192020/212019/202018/19

Production

United States (Jun-May) 51.3 52.6 49.7 7.1 5.9 7.2 364.3 346.0 368.5

Other 679.6 712.3 722.7 489.9 490.2 493.9 759.1 770.2 776.1

World Total 730.9 764.9 772.4 497.0 496.1 501.1 1,123.4 1,116.2 1,144.6

Domestic Consumption


Other 702.2 711.2 718.8 479.9 488.8 492.5 816.6 819.9 840.7

World Total 732.2 741.8 749.5 484.5 493.4 497.1 1,127.0 1,127.5 1,150.0

Ending Stocks


Other 254.7 272.8 296.6 175.5 177.0 178.2 263.4 252.6 248.2

World Total 284.1 300.8 320.5 176.9 177.9 179.8 319.8 303.3 291.4

TY Imports


Other 167.9 183.6 184.2 41.1 40.4 41.0 165.0 166.5 178.1

World Total 171.4 186.5 187.6 42.1 41.6 42.2 165.8 167.5 178.8

TY Exports


Other 149.4 165.0 163.5 40.5 40.8 41.2 123.4 128.2 117.5

World Total 175.5 191.3 190.5 43.6 43.7 44.3 172.6 175.1 183.5

Note: Consumption in this table has not been adjusted for differences in marketing year imports and exports

and therefore differs from global totals shown elsewhere.Marketing years for U.S. grains are: Wheat

(Jun-May), Rice (Aug-Jul), Corn (Sep-Aug).'Marketing Year' column is germane for U.S. wheat only.


World Wheat, Flour, and Products Trade

July/June Year, Thousand Metric Tons

2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21

Oct

2020/21

Nov

none

TY Exports

12,50013,00013,60812,68014,00012,275 Argentina

18,00018,00010,1219,83515,51222,061 Australia

25,00025,00023,47824,45222,01920,297 Canada

1,0001,0001,0491,0061,004748 China

26,00025,50038,42923,31023,38327,439 European Union

1,0001,000595494517430 India

6,7006,5006,8888,7808,5197,257 Kazakhstan

39,50039,00034,48535,86341,44727,815 Russia

6,7006,6006,2126,3086,3906,320 Turkey

17,50017,50021,01316,01917,77518,107 Ukraine

9,5569,4869,17110,66310,52010,513 Others

163,456162,586165,049149,410161,086153,262 Subtotal

27,00027,00026,30026,09323,23029,318 United States

190,456189,586191,349175,503184,316182,580 World Total

none

TY Imports

3,0003,0003,0003,7003,3002,700 Afghanistan

6,8007,0007,1477,5158,1728,414 Algeria

6,6006,6006,8005,1006,4725,556 Bangladesh

6,7006,7007,1797,4426,7027,788 Brazil

8,0007,5005,3763,1453,9374,410 China

2,1002,1002,2761,7051,9522,110 Colombia

13,00013,00012,81112,35412,40711,181 Egypt

5,7005,5004,8015,7645,8335,299 European Union

10,80010,80010,58610,93410,76310,190 Indonesia

2,6002,6002,0503,8944,1582,474 Iraq

5,6005,6005,6825,7265,8765,911 Japan

2,2002,2002,5002,0002,1581,774 Kenya

3,9003,7003,9413,9084,2694,667 Korea, South

5,0005,3005,0804,8615,2455,370 Mexico

6,5006,5004,8793,7243,6725,344 Morocco

5,1005,1005,3384,6595,1624,972 Nigeria

2,1502,1502,1532,1092,0301,961 Peru

7,0007,0007,0597,5466,0595,708 Philippines

3,2003,2003,6482,9023,4923,720 Saudi Arabia

2,5002,6002,6842,2222,5802,458 Sudan

3,1003,1003,4972,8993,1734,064 Thailand

7,7007,00011,0876,5156,0924,736 Turkey

3,1003,1002,7462,8373,1192,596 Uzbekistan

3,6003,6003,5703,5004,7095,535 Vietnam

3,8003,8003,7283,6753,0103,278 Yemen

54,46554,08054,03647,23251,63554,462 Others

184,215182,830183,654167,868175,977176,678 Subtotal

2,8413,3564,8304,1383,9652,609 Unaccounted

3,4003,4002,8653,4974,3743,293 United States

190,456189,586191,349175,503184,316182,580 World Total

TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.


World Wheat Production, Consumption, and Stocks

Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons

2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21

Oct

2020/21

Nov

none

Production

18,00019,00019,76019,50018,50018,400 Argentina

28,50028,50015,20017,59820,94131,819 Australia

6,6006,6005,2005,4284,2646,730 Brazil

35,00035,00032,67032,35230,37732,140 Canada

136,000136,000133,590131,430134,334133,271 China

8,9008,9008,7708,4508,4508,100 Egypt

136,550136,750154,958136,579151,125145,369 European Union

107,592107,592103,60099,87098,51087,000 India

16,75016,75016,80014,50014,00014,500 Iran

12,50012,50011,45213,94714,80214,985 Kazakhstan

25,70025,70024,30025,10026,60025,633 Pakistan

83,50083,00073,61071,68585,16772,529 Russia

18,25018,50017,50019,00021,00017,250 Turkey

25,50025,50029,17125,05726,98126,791 Ukraine

6,5106,5106,8006,0006,9416,940 Uzbekistan

56,83256,58958,98153,09453,41752,211 Others

722,684723,391712,362679,590715,409693,668 Subtotal

49,69149,69152,58151,30647,38062,832 United States

772,375773,082764,943730,896762,789756,500 World Total

none

Total Consumption

11,05011,05010,95010,75010,45010,350 Algeria

12,20012,20012,10012,10012,00012,200 Brazil

9,7009,7009,2639,1459,02910,671 Canada

131,000130,000126,000125,000121,000119,000 China

20,80020,80020,30020,10019,80019,400 Egypt

118,000117,500122,500121,050130,400128,000 European Union

99,50099,50096,11295,62995,67797,234 India

10,40010,40010,40010,60010,60010,000 Indonesia

17,70017,70017,20016,10015,90016,250 Iran

10,40010,40010,40010,70010,50010,200 Morocco

25,80025,80025,20025,30025,00024,500 Pakistan

41,00041,00040,00040,50043,00040,000 Russia

20,10020,20019,90018,80018,50017,100 Turkey

8,1008,1008,7008,8009,80010,300 Ukraine

9,5009,5009,5009,5009,7009,300 Uzbekistan

173,583172,977172,664168,139169,732167,870 Others

722,007720,516717,727704,762712,556706,109 Subtotal

30,67330,51030,57229,98929,24631,865 United States

752,680751,026748,299734,751741,802737,974 World Total

none

Ending Stocks

5,6905,6903,4905,4405,5495,750 Australia

6,2495,7785,4996,0416,7326,931 Canada

163,682164,182151,682139,765131,196114,929 China

12,99814,08414,74815,91817,93514,760 European Union

31,10831,10823,99116,99213,2309,800 India

6,6066,6066,5566,2368,06610,416 Iran

10,72810,7287,2287,77812,01010,823 Russia

59,52759,25059,58456,55563,34161,439 Others

296,588297,426272,778254,725258,059234,848 Subtotal

23,86224,02527,97729,38629,90732,131 United States

320,450321,451300,755284,111287,966266,979 World Total


Regional Wheat Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks

Thousand Metric Tons

2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20

Oct

2020/21

Nov

2020/21

TY Imports none

9,169 North America 10,070 8,836 8,620 9,150 8,850

1,995 Central America 1,910 1,928 2,074 2,100 2,100

16,277 South America 15,320 14,955 15,651 15,270 15,270

5,299 European Union - 28 5,833 5,764 4,801 5,500 5,700

2,047 Other Europe 1,931 1,905 2,014 1,860 1,885

7,035 Former Soviet Union - 12 7,862 7,830 8,075 7,985 7,985

23,027 Middle East 25,411 24,550 30,404 26,085 26,735

28,432 North Africa 27,441 26,956 27,993 29,900 29,700

22,274 Sub-Saharan Africa 25,312 22,564 26,958 25,970 25,780

17,356 East Asia 16,599 15,087 17,273 19,175 19,875

15,564 South Asia 11,931 9,959 11,131 12,300 12,800

28,219 Southeast Asia 27,255 27,732 27,560 27,500 27,500

3,277 Others 3,476 3,299 3,965 3,435 3,435

179,971 Total 180,351 171,365 186,519 186,230 187,615

Production none

98,837 North America 81,251 86,658 88,521 87,741 87,741

28,897 South America 25,912 28,761 28,581 29,344 28,260

145,369 European Union - 28 151,125 136,579 154,958 136,750 136,550

4,737 Other Europe 4,005 4,640 4,258 4,532 4,497


38,814 Middle East 41,582 38,876 44,493 45,183 44,952

13,958 North Africa 19,245 21,000 18,399 16,638 16,638


134,738 East Asia 135,645 132,823 135,189 137,609 137,601

120,865 South Asia 132,497 131,679 136,301 141,782 141,763

32,278 Oceania 21,346 17,968 15,610 28,915 28,940

181 Others 136 96 86 86 86

756,500 Total 762,789 730,896 764,943 773,082 772,375

Domestic Consumption none

50,436 North America 45,975 46,634 47,235 47,810 47,773

28,575 South America 28,978 28,840 29,720 29,540 29,520

128,000 European Union - 28 130,400 121,050 122,500 117,500 118,000

5,035 Other Europe 5,010 5,215 5,435 5,340 5,310


57,992 Middle East 59,705 59,939 62,900 64,535 64,445

44,550 North Africa 45,225 46,100 46,250 46,950 46,950


132,915 East Asia 134,351 137,826 138,612 142,377 143,577

139,296 South Asia 138,292 138,643 139,773 143,865 143,846

26,725 Southeast Asia 26,385 26,250 26,260 25,780 26,280

8,835 Oceania 8,905 10,595 9,825 8,950 8,965

3,834 Others 3,821 3,614 3,704 3,945 3,945

734,240 Total 740,334 732,202 741,761 747,337 749,506

Ending Stocks none

39,938 North America 37,407 36,030 33,861 30,238 30,446

4,838 South America 3,998 4,717 4,768 5,379 4,662

14,760 European Union - 28 17,935 15,918 14,748 14,084 12,998

2,002 Other Europe 1,945 2,074 2,226 2,245 2,178


19,620 Middle East 19,668 15,977 20,054 19,697 19,926

14,283 North Africa 14,870 15,534 14,362 12,929 12,760


118,146 East Asia 134,343 142,705 154,708 167,253 166,852

16,519 South Asia 21,104 21,534 28,168 36,995 37,495

5,920 Southeast Asia 5,694 6,091 6,274 6,150 6,369

6,023 Oceania 5,897 5,715 3,801 5,913 5,996

438 Others 397 408 538 549 549

266,979 Total 287,966 284,111 300,755 321,451 320,450

NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported

using local marketing years.


World Rice Trade

January/December Year, Thousand Metric Tons

2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21

Oct

2020/21

Nov

none

TY Exports

280280315388375391 Argentina

9009001,2009541,245594 Brazil

2,2002,2002,3002,7002,7503,350 Burma

1,4001,3001,3501,3501,3001,150 Cambodia

2,7002,9002,7002,7202,0591,173 China

315300310294308372 European Union

530500520496414455 Guyana

12,50012,50013,0009,79011,79112,573 India

4,1004,1004,0004,5503,9133,647 Pakistan

620620800689653538 Paraguay

125125115111113109 South Africa

7,0007,0005,5007,56211,05611,615 Thailand

20025225202213280 Turkey

820850835809802982 Uruguay

6,3006,3006,4006,5816,5906,488 Vietnam

1,2231,2231,2131,2771,4551,293 Others

41,21341,12340,78340,47345,03745,010 Subtotal

3,0503,1002,9003,1382,7763,349 United States

44,26344,22343,68343,61147,81348,359 World Total

none

TY Imports

625625600550625550 Benin

800800850691537758 Brazil

600600600600550500 Burkina

640640620600400600 Cameroon

2,2002,2002,3002,8004,5005,900 China

1,2001,2001,1001,3501,5001,350 Cote d'Ivoire

580580560520600390 Ethiopia

2,4502,3502,4002,1591,9221,990 European Union

950950900900830650 Ghana

620620600530865600 Guinea

1,2001,2001,1001,4001,2501,400 Iran

1,1501,1501,1001,2631,2371,161 Iraq

685685685678670678 Japan

650650625610600625 Kenya

1,1001,1001,1001,000800900 Malaysia

800800850730776913 Mexico

650650650640550710 Mozambique

800800800620700535 Nepal

1,2001,2001,2001,8002,1002,500 Nigeria

2,6002,6002,5002,9002,5001,200 Philippines

1,3501,3501,4001,4251,2901,195 Saudi Arabia

1,1751,1751,1501,0001,1001,100 Senegal

1,0501,0501,0009661,0711,054 South Africa

1,2001,2001,000850775700 United Arab Emirates

525525500560530420 Yemen

14,17414,02914,22313,99316,71016,297 Others

40,97440,72940,41341,13544,98844,676 Subtotal

2,0892,2942,0851,4951,9092,896 Unaccounted

1,2001,2001,185981916787 United States

44,26344,22343,68343,61147,81348,359 World Total

TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes. Note about dates: 2017/18 is calendar year 2018, 2016/17 is calendar year 2017, and so on.


World Rice Production, Consumption, and Stocks


2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21

Oct

2020/21

Nov

none

Milled Production

35,30035,99735,85034,90932,65034,578 Bangladesh

7,4807,4807,6027,1408,2048,383 Brazil

12,90012,90012,70013,20013,20012,650 Burma

5,7105,7805,7405,7425,5545,256 Cambodia

147,000147,000146,730148,490148,873147,766 China

4,0004,0004,3002,8004,3004,800 Egypt

120,000120,000118,426116,480112,760109,698 India

34,90034,90034,00034,20037,00036,858 Indonesia

7,6207,6207,6117,6577,7877,929 Japan

3,8503,8573,7443,8683,9724,197 Korea, South

5,0405,0405,0404,5384,4704,536 Nigeria

7,6007,6007,2007,3007,5006,849 Pakistan

11,70011,70011,92711,73212,23511,686 Philippines

18,60018,60017,65520,34020,57719,200 Thailand

27,00027,00027,15027,34427,65727,400 Vietnam

45,22944,81344,53044,19442,31342,585 Others

493,929494,287490,205489,934489,052484,371 Subtotal

7,1807,1865,8647,1075,6597,117 United States

501,109501,473496,069497,041494,711491,488 World Total

none

Consumption and Residual

35,80036,10035,50035,40035,20035,000 Bangladesh

7,2007,2007,2007,3507,6507,850 Brazil

10,50010,50010,35010,25010,20010,000 Burma

4,4004,5004,3504,3004,2004,000 Cambodia

146,500146,300145,030142,920142,509141,761 China

4,3004,3004,3004,2004,2004,300 Egypt

4,1504,1004,0503,8003,7003,600 European Union

106,000106,000105,92699,16098,66995,838 India

35,40035,40035,50036,30037,00037,500 Indonesia

8,2508,2508,3508,4008,6008,730 Japan

4,4754,4754,4474,3764,1014,033 Nepal

6,4006,4006,5506,8006,7506,700 Nigeria

14,40014,40014,30014,10013,25012,900 Philippines

12,00012,00012,00011,80011,00012,000 Thailand

21,20021,20021,10021,20021,50022,000 Vietnam

71,49371,22869,91369,57068,02367,059 Others

494,622494,820490,512479,770476,824479,365 Subtotal

4,6204,6204,5734,5654,2994,230 United States

499,242499,440495,085484,335481,123483,595 World Total

none

Ending Stocks

1,4771,4741,7811,4051,500854 Bangladesh

116,500116,500116,500115,000109,00098,500 China

31,20031,50029,70029,50022,60020,550 India

3,1073,1073,1094,0615,5633,215 Indonesia

1,8971,8971,9222,0462,2232,410 Japan

3,4973,4973,5973,5202,2882,003 Philippines

4,4424,4424,6424,2373,0094,238 Thailand

16,08415,21315,74915,73317,10417,400 Others

178,204177,630177,000175,502163,287149,170 Subtotal

1,5731,5169101,4249331,462 United States

179,777179,146177,910176,926164,220150,632 World Total

Note: All data are reported on a milled basis.


Regional Rice Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks


2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20

Oct

2020/21

Nov

2020/21

TY Imports none

2,056 North America 2,075 2,132 2,460 2,430 2,430

1,146 Caribbean 1,067 1,076 1,132 1,165 1,165

1,886 South America 1,947 1,939 2,159 2,143 2,053

124 Other Europe 111 119 120 120 120

538 Former Soviet Union - 12 551 560 507 533 533

6,527 Middle East 6,655 7,203 6,860 6,870 7,105

459 North Africa 591 1,022 595 585 585


7,486 East Asia 6,015 4,402 4,075 4,000 4,000

4,057 South Asia 2,635 944 1,180 1,220 1,220

3,666 Southeast Asia 6,797 5,821 5,260 5,235 5,235

1,990 European Union 1,922 2,159 2,400 2,350 2,450

45,463 Total 45,904 42,116 41,598 41,929 42,174

Production none

7,292 North America 5,842 7,295 6,036 7,379 7,373

990 Caribbean 932 1,010 965 891 981

16,983 South America 16,962 16,014 16,252 16,076 16,315

2,087 European Union - 28 2,030 1,964 1,984 1,985 1,975


2,549 Middle East 2,658 2,616 2,950 2,857 2,857

4,837 North Africa 4,340 2,844 4,345 4,042 4,042


162,678 East Asia 163,433 162,740 160,699 160,973 161,055

156,874 South Asia 158,809 165,785 168,680 170,653 169,956

116,821 Southeast Asia 120,044 116,064 112,948 114,706 114,636

491,488 Total 494,711 497,041 496,069 501,473 501,109


5,499 North America 5,577 5,890 5,928 6,000 6,000

1,295 Central America 1,301 1,313 1,391 1,369 1,369

2,102 Caribbean 1,984 2,111 1,987 2,041 2,106

15,066 South America 15,030 14,930 14,667 14,822 14,902

3,600 European Union - 28 3,700 3,800 4,050 4,100 4,150


8,664 Middle East 9,043 9,352 9,485 9,675 9,730

4,724 North Africa 4,620 4,591 4,650 4,677 4,677


158,121 East Asia 158,948 158,939 160,570 161,620 161,880

141,579 South Asia 144,720 145,623 152,780 153,688 153,388

103,595 Southeast Asia 102,324 102,977 102,766 103,191 103,091

477,501 Total 480,851 484,491 493,439 496,973 497,088

Ending Stocks none

1,634 North America 1,084 1,561 1,087 1,716 1,773

339 Central America 264 292 271 271 271

276 Caribbean 275 303 349 388 379

2,100 South America 2,193 1,828 1,758 1,617 1,823

1,188 European Union - 28 1,176 1,188 1,253 1,089 1,163

1,458 Middle East 1,479 1,508 1,722 1,222 1,754

1,426 North Africa 1,563 949 1,199 1,129 1,129


103,204 East Asia 113,196 118,766 120,195 120,464 120,445

23,171 South Asia 25,840 32,402 33,023 34,619 34,322

12,074 Southeast Asia 13,589 14,891 14,621 14,309 14,389

208 Oceania 232 52 26 46 46

150,632 Total 164,220 176,926 177,910 179,146 179,777




World Coarse Grain Trade

October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons

2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21

Oct

2020/21

Nov

none

TY Exports

37,10537,00542,99336,13427,20826,105 Argentina

5,3505,3503,5554,0497,15610,258 Australia

39,01039,01034,53138,81225,12119,797 Brazil

5,7005,7005,3825,8055,7535,042 Canada

9,3428,84213,0939,8097,8298,192 European Union

2,5152,5152,0912,5681,4851,760 Paraguay

8,6759,4759,0767,40211,3799,267 Russia

3,5613,5613,0732,9068782,449 Serbia

2,8102,3102,4651,1902,3681,820 South Africa

26,61034,61034,37234,87421,39226,868 Ukraine

9,0188,6689,1929,15410,6139,683 Others

149,696157,046159,823152,703121,182121,241 Subtotal

72,85564,85552,59451,80968,64461,822 United States

222,551221,901212,417204,512189,826183,063 World Total

none

TY Imports

5,6105,6105,5615,2844,4924,533 Algeria

2,7002,7002,0351,7971,5273,177 Brazil

1,7571,7571,9722,5701,837778 Canada

3,0703,0702,8132,4171,9761,580 Chile

26,05018,75017,49610,54016,42516,055 China

6,8806,8806,3316,3945,5825,041 Colombia

1,6001,6001,3541,5361,3291,294 Dominican Republic

11,10011,10010,6359,5689,5418,795 Egypt

20,25524,25519,24926,83919,32715,631 European Union

1,6001,6001,5091,2241,091951 Guatemala

10,50012,0009,50012,20011,60010,000 Iran

2,5402,5402,4051,8962,1451,940 Israel

17,62017,62017,63317,72617,56317,000 Japan

1,8001,8001,5001,6661,4221,588 Jordan

12,11011,91011,98810,96410,1929,308 Korea, South

4,1004,1003,8003,6743,6453,531 Malaysia

17,75018,75017,54317,41516,39615,283 Mexico

5,1025,1024,0433,0282,6472,632 Morocco

4,3604,3603,9293,8023,4583,438 Peru

12,01012,21011,7369,36811,69211,825 Saudi Arabia

4,4854,3854,4774,6104,5134,267 Taiwan

2,1002,1002,2871,406847621 Thailand

1,9001,9001,5321,4181,6351,745 Tunisia

3,1003,1004,0164,0444,1842,442 Turkey

12,15012,15012,27511,0339,5778,661 Vietnam

21,51921,41921,69520,46819,49023,548 Others

213,768212,768199,314192,887184,133175,664 Subtotal

6,0526,40210,1118,9982,7673,985 Unaccounted

2,7312,7312,9922,6272,9263,414 United States

222,551221,901212,417204,512189,826183,063 World Total



World Coarse Grains Production, Consumption, and Stocks


2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21

Oct

2020/21

Nov

none

Production

57,03456,66458,12559,22339,32048,569 Argentina

14,25614,25610,43611,50712,19117,267 Australia

113,405113,405105,571104,33485,058101,575 Brazil

29,59529,59528,61126,20326,24326,623 Canada

267,375267,375268,204263,957265,719269,895 China

17,25017,25017,10016,46515,78215,641 Ethiopia

162,600161,930161,823148,253152,130152,880 European Union

45,58745,58747,42343,20746,94343,466 India

12,00012,00012,00012,00011,90010,900 Indonesia

33,59033,59031,90933,39933,19133,262 Mexico

20,40020,40019,66519,84018,85920,657 Nigeria

40,92541,92540,49534,99841,71540,765 Russia

16,65814,65816,49712,41713,55218,117 South Africa

15,66115,81114,45113,25112,27110,776 Turkey

37,71045,69546,54544,50334,07139,217 Ukraine

180,953180,498173,016176,122166,251167,283 Others

1,064,9991,070,6391,051,8711,019,679975,1961,016,893 Subtotal

382,750388,204359,434377,905384,387402,607 United States

1,447,7491,458,8431,411,3051,397,5841,359,5831,419,500 World Total

none

Domestic Consumption

19,12419,05417,67518,09117,51316,044 Argentina

74,21574,21573,14470,98367,18164,032 Brazil

25,24525,24524,84524,10423,19821,971 Canada

302,280297,980295,070287,012282,598274,640 China

18,25818,25818,17317,13616,77916,027 Egypt

17,37517,37517,15516,54015,79815,642 Ethiopia

172,902175,852167,860168,194163,020160,940 European Union

46,02046,02046,57544,57144,76942,375 India

15,62016,62014,72016,52015,82014,520 Iran

17,93017,93017,90217,95317,64217,252 Japan

50,29051,29050,27550,50548,41046,845 Mexico

20,65020,65019,90020,06919,55020,303 Nigeria

32,02532,02531,28727,36731,01532,075 Russia

18,26118,86117,76116,65115,36112,891 Turkey

16,14516,14514,82514,33313,77713,150 Vietnam

285,185284,138273,900269,413261,597260,182 Others

1,139,2441,139,9971,107,6741,097,9211,050,9941,055,206 Subtotal

318,774320,678318,768323,013324,407327,476 United States

1,458,0181,460,6751,426,4421,420,9341,375,4011,382,682 World Total

none

Ending Stocks

3,7703,5712,9603,6103,3666,698 Argentina

3,1443,1442,3822,4272,2922,646 Australia

8,3498,3495,9695,6529,70714,492 Brazil

4,3894,3563,9823,3044,5695,562 Canada

192,059189,264200,984210,395222,978223,494 China

14,26814,91013,65713,38215,66015,063 European Union

3,9754,0823,8255,7136,1815,999 Mexico

45,15744,78944,20241,88347,51549,883 Others

275,111272,465277,961286,366312,268323,837 Subtotal

46,32058,12553,73960,47157,91962,168 United States

321,431330,590331,700346,837370,187386,005 World Total


Regional Coarse Grains Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks


2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20

Oct

2020/21

Nov

2020/21

TY Imports none

19,475 North America 21,159 22,612 22,507 23,238 22,238

3,799 Central America 4,001 4,352 4,900 5,150 5,150

2,659 Caribbean 2,446 2,379 2,269 2,750 2,750

15,087 South America 14,806 15,591 16,879 18,560 18,560

15,631 European Union - 28 19,327 26,839 19,249 24,255 20,255

827 Former Soviet Union - 12 700 1,025 1,105 898 898

31,635 Middle East 34,973 32,903 32,871 35,261 33,661

19,468 North Africa 19,245 20,875 23,441 25,012 25,012


46,723 East Asia 48,740 43,903 51,653 52,715 60,315

14,169 Southeast Asia 15,529 17,858 19,898 19,860 19,860

2,938 Others 2,910 3,673 3,463 3,537 3,537

179,078 Total 187,059 195,514 202,306 215,499 216,499

Production none

462,492 North America 443,821 437,507 419,954 451,389 445,935

164,465 South America 138,876 178,021 177,454 184,770 185,137

152,880 European Union - 28 152,130 148,253 161,823 161,930 162,600

11,535 Other Europe 7,245 10,363 11,292 11,723 11,723


19,061 Middle East 19,414 19,495 24,188 25,550 25,405

9,163 North Africa 11,463 13,257 11,707 10,778 10,778


272,518 East Asia 268,365 266,697 271,036 270,163 270,181

56,519 South Asia 60,042 56,925 62,910 61,534 61,534

34,197 Southeast Asia 34,841 34,829 33,642 34,818 35,168

17,884 Oceania 12,700 12,099 11,059 14,885 14,885

5,089 Others 4,997 4,754 4,674 4,709 4,709

1,419,500 Total 1,359,583 1,397,584 1,411,305 1,458,843 1,447,749


396,292 North America 396,015 397,622 393,888 397,213 394,309

104,534 South America 110,783 115,138 117,342 121,117 121,174

160,940 European Union - 28 163,020 168,194 167,860 175,852 172,902

9,050 Other Europe 7,890 8,271 8,527 8,553 8,553


51,241 Middle East 53,809 53,807 55,171 59,763 57,813

31,040 North Africa 31,665 32,607 35,646 35,753 35,753


308,081 East Asia 317,259 322,994 332,007 334,883 339,508

56,636 South Asia 60,480 60,374 63,561 63,664 63,664

45,679 Southeast Asia 47,357 48,183 48,202 51,628 51,928

6,760 Oceania 6,482 8,139 7,706 8,984 8,984

11,377 Others 11,482 11,590 11,944 12,643 12,633

1,356,365 Total 1,378,435 1,402,455 1,419,835 1,452,336 1,450,299

Ending Stocks none

73,729 North America 68,669 69,488 61,546 66,563 54,684

24,363 South America 16,486 11,734 11,406 14,384 14,629

15,063 European Union - 28 15,660 13,382 13,657 14,910 14,268

1,713 Other Europe 886 958 1,402 1,765 1,767


6,597 Middle East 7,366 5,789 6,838 7,294 7,121

3,715 North Africa 3,320 3,796 3,832 3,922 3,859


227,632 East Asia 227,446 214,977 205,618 193,503 196,536

4,151 South Asia 4,948 3,348 4,291 3,905 4,007

4,107 Southeast Asia 3,131 3,982 4,245 4,368 4,383

2,746 Oceania 2,391 2,511 2,483 3,250 3,253

1,410 Others 1,320 1,249 976 988 937

386,005 Total 370,187 346,837 331,700 330,590 321,431




World Corn Trade


2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21

Oct

2020/21

Nov

none

TY Exports

34,00034,00039,91132,87924,19822,951 Argentina

39,00039,00034,52138,77325,11619,794 Brazil

1,8001,8002,2501,5001,4001,500 Burma

1,0001,0007121,7191,9731,544 Canada

2,5002,5004,8003,6321,7502,189 European Union

2,5002,5002,0812,5591,4761,757 Paraguay

3,1003,9004,2002,7705,5325,598 Russia

3,5003,5003,0002,8368192,414 Serbia

2,8002,3002,4561,1832,3611,816 South Africa

22,50030,50029,20030,32118,03621,334 Ukraine

4,7584,4085,0705,2116,8956,449 Others

117,458125,408128,201123,38389,55687,346 Subtotal

66,00058,00046,92349,24163,66855,618 United States

183,458183,408175,124172,624153,224142,964 World Total

none

TY Imports

5,2005,2005,1564,8164,0463,989 Algeria

1,4001,4001,4001,3581,1451,181 Bangladesh

2,0002,0001,3461,1899432,439 Brazil

1,7001,7001,8672,5211,767686 Canada

3,0003,0002,7512,2921,8931,484 Chile

13,0007,0007,5964,4833,4562,464 China

6,5006,5005,9766,0485,2014,754 Colombia

1,6001,6001,3541,5361,3291,294 Dominican Republic

11,00011,00010,6009,3679,4648,773 Egypt

20,00024,00019,00025,25418,46914,971 European Union

1,6001,6001,5091,2241,091951 Guatemala

8,0009,0007,0009,0008,9007,800 Iran

2,2002,2002,0001,6111,8611,539 Israel

16,00016,00015,88816,05015,66815,169 Japan

12,00011,80011,89210,85610,0189,220 Korea, South

4,1004,1003,8003,6743,6453,531 Malaysia

17,30018,30016,52616,65816,12914,614 Mexico

3,5003,5002,9762,7282,2832,221 Morocco

4,2004,2003,8223,6943,4023,269 Peru

4,7004,7004,5263,6623,9833,421 Saudi Arabia

4,4004,3004,4004,5084,4104,163 Taiwan

1,2001,2001,6021,200700600 Thailand

1,2001,2008829319611,244 Tunisia

2,7002,7003,0043,6693,4102,087 Turkey

12,00012,00012,10010,9009,4008,500 Vietnam

17,60717,50717,53815,79315,70618,528 Others

178,107177,707166,511165,022149,280138,892 Subtotal

4,7015,0517,6546,8023,1062,621 Unaccounted

6506509598008381,451 United States

183,458183,408175,124172,624153,224142,964 World Total



World Corn Production, Consumption, and Stocks


2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21

Oct

2020/21

Nov

none

Production

50,00050,00051,00051,00032,00041,000 Argentina

110,000110,000102,000101,00082,00098,500 Brazil

14,00014,00013,40413,88514,09613,889 Canada

260,000260,000260,779257,174259,071263,613 China

8,6008,6008,5008,3508,0077,847 Ethiopia

64,20066,10066,69564,36162,04661,935 European Union

28,00028,00028,63627,71528,75325,900 India

12,00012,00012,00012,00011,90010,900 Indonesia

28,00028,00026,50027,60027,56927,575 Mexico

11,50011,50011,00011,00010,42011,548 Nigeria

8,2008,2008,0307,6087,9808,087 Philippines

14,00015,00014,27511,41513,20115,305 Russia

8,0008,0007,7007,0004,0007,600 Serbia

16,00014,00016,00011,82413,10417,551 South Africa

28,50036,50035,88735,80524,11527,969 Ukraine

115,142114,967107,817111,354109,199103,846 Others

776,142784,867770,223759,091707,461743,065 Subtotal

368,490373,949345,962364,262371,096384,778 United States

1,144,6321,158,8161,116,1851,123,3531,078,5571,127,843 World Total

none

Total Consumption

15,00015,00013,50013,80012,40011,200 Argentina

70,00070,00069,00067,00063,50060,500 Brazil

14,80014,80013,96015,08713,98612,949 Canada

282,000279,000278,000274,000263,000255,000 China

17,30017,30017,10016,20015,90015,100 Egypt

81,50087,00081,40087,50077,15074,100 European Union

28,20028,20028,00028,50026,70024,900 India

13,00013,00012,60012,90012,40012,300 Indonesia

16,05016,05015,95016,00015,60015,200 Japan

12,05011,85011,80210,94710,0009,435 Korea, South

44,25045,25043,80044,10042,50040,400 Mexico

11,80011,80011,25011,30011,10011,400 Nigeria

11,00011,0009,7008,5008,3009,550 Russia

12,80012,30012,60012,53612,23012,663 South Africa

16,00016,00014,65014,20013,60013,000 Vietnam

194,984196,224186,566183,966179,959171,672 Others

847,278851,433825,096833,842775,991774,211 Subtotal

309,260311,164307,582310,446313,981313,785 United States

1,156,5381,162,5971,132,6781,144,2881,089,9721,087,996 World Total

none

Ending Stocks

2,8772,8781,8722,3672,4075,273 Argentina

7,9927,9925,4925,2929,31514,019 Brazil

2,4592,4262,5591,9802,4172,574 Canada

191,506188,902200,526210,163222,525223,017 China

7,3397,7727,1397,6449,1617,546 European Union

3,4653,5393,3155,0895,6495,409 Mexico

2,3201,6061,9201,0202,6723,695 South Africa

30,23630,29629,82929,86132,24832,390 Others

248,194245,411252,652263,416286,394293,923 Subtotal

43,23355,04350,68156,41054,36758,253 United States

291,427300,454303,333319,826340,761352,176 World Total


Regional Corn Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks


2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20

Oct

2020/21

Nov

2020/21

TY Imports none

16,751 North America 18,734 19,979 19,352 20,650 19,650

3,799 Central America 4,001 4,352 4,900 5,150 5,150

13,719 South America 13,567 14,317 15,553 17,165 17,165

14,971 European Union - 28 18,469 25,254 19,000 24,000 20,000


17,858 Middle East 21,487 21,197 20,333 22,180 21,280

16,906 North Africa 17,246 18,531 20,434 21,600 21,600


31,109 East Asia 33,599 35,960 39,835 39,150 45,450

13,968 Southeast Asia 15,183 17,483 19,003 18,785 18,785

2,657 Caribbean 2,446 2,377 2,269 2,750 2,750

2,336 Others 2,530 2,995 2,997 3,012 3,012

140,343 Total 150,118 165,822 167,470 178,357 178,757

Production none

426,242 North America 412,761 405,747 385,866 415,949 410,490

151,015 South America 125,744 163,622 163,943 171,645 171,655

61,935 European Union - 28 62,046 64,361 66,695 66,100 64,200

9,452 Other Europe 5,376 8,694 9,334 9,735 9,735


7,283 Middle East 7,028 7,382 8,012 8,873 9,023

6,130 North Africa 6,523 6,951 6,521 6,521 6,521


265,949 East Asia 261,417 259,584 263,187 262,408 262,408

37,728 South Asia 40,798 40,450 42,957 42,771 42,771

3,911 Central America 3,878 3,598 3,563 3,573 3,573

33,907 Southeast Asia 34,551 34,539 33,352 34,528 34,878

1,398 Others 1,310 1,292 1,188 1,384 1,384

1,127,843 Total 1,078,557 1,123,353 1,116,185 1,158,816 1,144,632


367,134 North America 370,467 369,633 365,342 371,214 368,310

93,028 South America 98,498 103,576 105,732 109,300 109,300

74,100 European Union - 28 77,150 87,500 81,400 87,000 81,500

6,947 Other Europe 5,857 6,331 6,447 6,430 6,430


24,659 Middle East 27,326 27,973 27,550 31,010 29,560

23,290 North Africa 24,400 24,600 27,470 28,000 28,000


286,087 East Asia 295,227 307,673 312,611 313,700 317,000

37,897 South Asia 41,226 43,279 43,780 44,625 44,625

45,197 Southeast Asia 46,727 47,519 47,021 50,270 50,570

7,540 Central America 7,830 8,070 8,450 8,760 8,760

3,989 Others 3,911 3,847 3,691 4,265 4,255

1,063,154 Total 1,092,306 1,126,982 1,127,460 1,155,938 1,149,994

Ending Stocks none

66,236 North America 62,433 63,479 56,555 61,008 49,157

22,121 South America 14,767 9,718 9,351 12,817 12,851

7,546 European Union - 28 9,161 7,644 7,139 7,772 7,339

1,464 Other Europe 689 775 1,186 1,549 1,551


2,733 Middle East 3,392 3,155 3,424 3,342 3,527

2,555 North Africa 2,462 2,505 2,353 2,527 2,464


226,775 East Asia 226,575 214,420 204,819 192,873 195,657

3,115 South Asia 3,734 2,608 3,173 2,808 2,909

4,096 Southeast Asia 3,120 3,971 4,234 4,352 4,367

1,056 Central America 1,060 988 814 776 762

447 Others 354 339 234 296 262

352,176 Total 340,761 319,826 303,333 300,454 291,427




World Barley Trade


2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21

Oct

2020/21

Nov

none

TY Exports

2,5002,5002,6513,0012,5372,696 Argentina

4,4004,4003,2003,6666,0889,192 Australia

2,7002,7002,6212,2691,8681,809 Canada

6,5006,0007,8005,8775,8575,683 European Union

4004000000 Iraq

1,5001,5001,4001,7621,411821 Kazakhstan

5,4005,4004,8004,3205,6613,626 Russia

606072675733 Serbia

4,0004,0005,0004,4073,1885,337 Ukraine

100100656212111 Uruguay

9898133179286289 Others

27,65827,15827,74225,61026,96529,597 Subtotal

120120155101102125 United States

27,77827,27827,89725,71127,06729,722 World Total

none

TY Imports

400400400467439533 Algeria

20020020021054113 Belarus

700700689608584737 Brazil

6,5005,3005,9695,1818,1448,104 China

350350350341324286 Colombia

25025017525889325 India

2,5003,0002,5003,2002,7002,200 Iran

300300350236234376 Israel

1,1501,1501,2531,1581,2531,197 Japan

700700450928788759 Jordan

450450500474521569 Kuwait

20020010156199262 Lebanon

6006008508884381,084 Libya

2002003208212 Mexico

1,6001,6001,050299363407 Morocco

7,3007,5007,2005,7007,7008,400 Saudi Arabia

90090068520614721 Thailand

700700650487674501 Tunisia

4004001,007375774355 Turkey

470470450476263501 United Arab Emirates

1,1341,1341,1891,7631,4092,006 Others

27,00426,50426,24723,49327,09828,738 Subtotal

6246241,4932,084-201767 Unaccounted

150150157134170217 United States

27,77827,27827,89725,71127,06729,722 World Total



World Barley Production, Consumption, and Stocks


2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21

Oct

2020/21

Nov

none

Production

1,8451,8452,0001,9509681,000 Algeria

3,4503,4503,8005,0603,7403,300 Argentina

10,50010,5009,0008,8199,25413,506 Australia

1,0501,0501,4009441,4201,253 Belarus

10,40010,40010,3838,3807,8918,839 Canada

2,3502,3502,3002,2002,0322,025 Ethiopia

63,50063,70063,24055,97958,65159,866 European Union

1,6871,6871,6331,7811,7471,438 India

3,7503,7503,6002,8003,1003,724 Iran

1,5501,5501,6007809751,550 Iraq

3,8003,8003,8303,9713,3053,231 Kazakhstan

20,60020,60019,93916,73720,21117,547 Russia

1,9001,9002,000400777720 Syria

8,1008,4007,9007,0006,4004,750 Turkey

8,0008,0009,5287,6048,6959,874 Ukraine

10,29810,16810,98211,67510,89710,107 Others

152,780153,150153,135136,080140,063142,730 Subtotal

3,6003,6003,7563,3433,1194,353 United States

156,380156,750156,891139,423143,182147,083 World Total

none

Total Consumption

2,2502,2502,2502,0001,8502,050 Algeria

5,7005,7005,5005,0003,7003,500 Australia

7,6007,6008,0206,5006,7996,760 Canada

7,4006,2006,7006,2009,3009,200 China

2,3752,3752,3252,2252,2252,025 Ethiopia

57,20057,20055,40051,60054,00055,100 European Union

1,9501,9501,8501,9001,9501,650 India

6,2006,2006,3006,2006,0005,200 Iran

2,4002,4002,4002,1502,1502,200 Kazakhstan

2,3002,3002,4502,9002,8002,400 Morocco

14,90014,90015,40012,20014,50014,700 Russia

7,0257,5257,0257,0258,5259,825 Saudi Arabia

1,8001,8001,500680850900 Syria

8,7008,7008,5007,5006,7005,500 Turkey

4,2004,2004,5004,2004,5004,900 Ukraine

19,94819,77620,10518,22717,69519,261 Others

152,466152,099150,891137,495142,784146,066 Subtotal

3,6573,6573,9223,5373,4664,375 United States

156,123155,756154,813141,032146,250150,441 World Total

none

Ending Stocks

965965970790517877 Algeria

2,6082,6082,2081,9081,7761,884 Australia

1,1021,1029578771,2502,120 Canada

4,4974,9564,5724,2444,6245,421 European Union

1,0841,084759640750839 Russia

1,3841,3841,0991,3141,8292,344 Saudi Arabia

8648641,0591,0101,1491,237 Ukraine

5,8655,9826,4525,0785,4025,384 Others

18,36918,94518,07615,86117,29720,106 Subtotal

1,7111,7111,7471,8842,0572,316 United States

20,08020,65619,82317,74519,35422,422 World Total


Regional Barley Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks


2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20

Oct

2020/21

Nov

2020/21

TY Imports none

293 North America 227 254 563 395 395

1,277 South America 1,082 1,167 1,251 1,260 1,260

447 European Union - 28 231 553 150 125 125

124 Other Europe 80 175 97 100 100


13,746 Middle East 13,424 11,650 12,467 13,030 12,330

2,542 North Africa 1,990 2,342 2,970 3,400 3,400

112 Sub-Saharan Africa 49 28 74 45 45

9,413 East Asia 9,499 6,441 7,321 6,560 7,760

346 South Asia 114 269 212 266 266

31 Oceania 19 14 7 20 20

28,955 Total 27,268 23,627 26,404 26,654 27,154

Production none

14,170 North America 12,015 12,719 15,149 15,000 15,000

4,742 South America 4,862 6,552 5,321 4,962 4,949

59,866 European Union - 28 58,651 55,979 63,240 63,700 63,500

1,451 Other Europe 1,290 1,256 1,367 1,404 1,404


10,845 Middle East 11,347 11,066 15,188 15,682 15,387

2,156 North Africa 4,041 5,378 4,281 3,357 3,357


1,475 East Asia 1,381 1,283 1,320 1,276 1,294

1,844 South Asia 1,943 1,946 1,989 2,033 2,033

13,870 Oceania 9,552 9,199 9,380 10,885 10,885

147,083 Total 143,182 139,423 156,891 156,750 156,380


12,085 North America 11,275 11,087 13,192 12,457 12,457

3,495 South America 3,780 4,016 3,969 3,932 3,919

55,100 European Union - 28 54,000 51,600 55,400 57,200 57,200

1,451 Other Europe 1,354 1,346 1,374 1,453 1,453


25,603 Middle East 25,396 24,727 26,557 27,707 27,207

6,847 North Africa 6,359 7,076 7,238 6,838 6,838


10,833 East Asia 10,914 7,845 8,457 7,845 9,070

2,079 South Asia 2,214 2,079 2,245 2,314 2,314

3,900 Oceania 4,050 5,385 5,890 6,100 6,100

149,546 Total 147,010 140,044 154,147 154,733 155,605

Ending Stocks none

4,851 North America 3,722 3,123 3,081 3,190 3,190

835 South America 705 1,146 1,207 885 897

5,421 European Union - 28 4,624 4,244 4,572 4,956 4,497

167 Other Europe 135 133 166 159 159


3,844 Middle East 3,944 2,604 3,389 3,927 3,569

1,106 North Africa 802 1,236 1,422 1,341 1,341


503 East Asia 469 348 532 290 516

293 South Asia 253 269 243 222 223

1,942 Oceania 1,813 1,946 2,251 2,656 2,656

22,422 Total 19,354 17,745 19,823 20,656 20,080




World Sorghum Trade


2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21

Oct

2020/21

Nov

none

TY Exports

600500426254473457 Argentina

5005006091449542 Australia

505029494334 China

757575757575 Ethiopia

5050505312324 India

5050505313673 Kenya

505050100100100 Nigeria

169169229235298402 Others

1,5441,4449699101,6971,707 Subtotal

6,7006,7005,4802,4374,8396,031 United States

8,2448,1446,4493,3476,5367,738 World Total

none

TY Imports

50509734954 Chile

6,2006,1003,7096524,4365,209 China

808011020616 Ethiopia

10010090796486194 European Union

400400426449577561 Japan

15015080109141146 Kenya

10010056754698548 Mexico

505040592782 South Africa

150150812614836 South Sudan

100100150160150120 Sudan

401401416475563345 Others

7,7817,6815,6783,3656,6817,311 Subtotal

462462770-19-196383 Unaccounted

11115144 United States

8,2448,1446,4493,3476,5367,738 World Total



World Sorghum Production, Consumption, and Stocks


2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21

Oct

2020/21

Nov

none

Production

2,8002,4002,5002,5003,0003,400 Argentina

1,7001,7003001,1601,257994 Australia

1,0001,0009609491,023557 Bolivia

2,1002,1002,2542,1772,1361,865 Brazil

1,9001,9001,8701,9301,3661,663 Burkina

1,4001,4001,2001,4161,3721,339 Cameroon

3,5503,5503,6002,9092,4652,235 China

5,2005,2005,2004,9324,8164,752 Ethiopia

1,0501,056875753660632 European Union

4,4004,4004,7333,4754,8034,568 India

1,5001,5001,5001,4701,3941,394 Mali

4,5004,5004,3004,7004,5454,638 Mexico

1,9001,9001,9702,1001,9451,808 Niger

6,9006,9006,6656,7216,9397,556 Nigeria

5,0005,0004,0004,9533,7436,466 Sudan

7,4347,4347,3707,8257,0777,154 Others

52,33451,94049,29749,97048,54151,021 Subtotal

9,4189,4138,6739,2719,19212,199 United States

61,75261,35357,97059,24157,73363,220 World Total

none

Total Consumption

2,1002,0002,0502,1503,1002,900 Argentina

1,0001,0004801,050800675 Australia

2,2002,2002,2002,2002,1001,700 Brazil

1,9001,9001,8701,8001,4001,640 Burkina

1,4251,4251,2251,4411,3871,369 Cameroon

1,0001,0001,0001,0001,000950 Chad

9,6009,5007,2003,6006,9007,400 China

5,3005,3005,2304,8824,6464,700 Ethiopia

1,1221,1229701,574970790 European Union

4,3504,3504,5003,5504,6004,500 India

1,5001,5001,5001,4701,4501,400 Mali

4,6004,6005,0005,1004,7005,300 Mexico

2,0002,0002,0502,1001,8502,000 Niger

6,8506,8506,6506,6506,9507,350 Nigeria

4,9504,9504,4504,9004,4005,950 Sudan

8,4568,4568,1278,6868,2527,571 Others

58,71658,51655,13352,21654,39156,558 Subtotal

2,7942,7944,3696,1864,1196,283 United States

61,51061,31059,50258,40258,51062,841 World Total

none

Ending Stocks

404204304454515889 Argentina

24724747287273272 Australia

1731731781835897 Burkina

1971779717105147 China

575575670665670569 Ethiopia

331331331148274196 India

324334224549386993 Sudan

1,2341,2731,4131,6251,5401,470 Others

3,4853,3143,2643,9283,8214,633 Subtotal

7707657491,617885850 United States

4,2554,0794,0135,5454,7065,483 World Total


Regional Sorghum Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks


2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20

Oct

2020/21

Nov

2020/21

TY Imports none

592 North America 149 547 568 101 101

60 South America 111 80 17 95 95

194 European Union - 28 486 796 90 100 100

0 Other Europe 0 0 0 0 0

27 Middle East 41 39 61 31 31

5 North Africa 1 0 17 0 0


5,823 East Asia 5,139 1,175 4,180 6,555 6,655

19 Southeast Asia 22 36 35 25 25

6 Others 64 29 2 25 25

7,355 Total 6,732 3,366 5,679 7,682 7,782

Production none

16,837 North America 13,737 13,971 12,973 13,913 13,918

308 Central America 281 272 272 277 277

118 Caribbean 91 106 71 76 76

6,224 South America 6,420 5,918 5,949 5,726 6,126

632 European Union - 28 660 753 875 1,056 1,050

356 Middle East 410 440 390 391 391

752 North Africa 754 755 755 755 755


2,237 East Asia 2,467 2,911 3,602 3,552 3,552

4,717 South Asia 4,957 3,615 4,873 4,545 4,545


994 Oceania 1,257 1,160 300 1,700 1,700

275 Others 183 194 192 120 120

63,220 Total 57,733 59,241 57,970 61,353 61,752


11,583 North America 8,819 11,286 9,369 7,394 7,394

308 Central America 281 275 272 277 277

120 Caribbean 91 108 71 76 76

5,631 South America 6,532 5,640 5,430 5,486 5,586

790 European Union - 28 970 1,574 970 1,122 1,122

383 Middle East 447 483 451 422 422

752 North Africa 754 755 771 755 755


8,017 East Asia 7,605 4,156 7,672 9,957 10,057

4,665 South Asia 4,817 3,717 4,641 4,520 4,520


675 Oceania 800 1,050 480 1,000 1,000

100 Others 75 95 65 65 65

62,478 Total 58,624 58,339 58,871 60,947 61,147

Ending Stocks none

1,022 North America 998 1,876 875 924 896

17 Central America 12 9 9 9 9

1,167 South America 892 740 652 448 647

24 European Union - 28 132 100 87 120 113

0 Middle East 0 0 0 0 0

53 North Africa 54 54 54 54 54


199 East Asia 157 38 119 198 219

196 South Asia 274 148 331 331 331

272 Oceania 273 287 47 247 247

71 Others 56 62 39 44 44

5,483 Total 4,706 5,545 4,013 4,079 4,255




World Oats Trade


2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21

Oct

2020/21

Nov

none

TY Exports

400400245250550455 Australia

1,8001,8001,9021,6651,6851,557 Canada

30306363427 Chile

190190230106128179 European Union

20209271012 Kazakhstan

100100751343414 Russia

10101211719 Ukraine

1111141165 Others

2,5612,5612,4932,2402,4542,268 Subtotal


2,5912,5912,5232,2662,4852,312 World Total

none

TY Imports

101051711 Algeria

5532630 Belarus

554356 Bosnia and Herzegovina

10101691218 Canada

350350222224389278 China

555511 Colombia

303020163921 Ecuador


202025211925 India

505047464449 Japan

252525314623 Korea, South

150150130129168119 Mexico

30304593213 Norway

404062233924 South Africa

505056514954 Switzerland

885915824 Others

793793732708854659 Subtotal

14814819916088123 Unaccounted

1,6501,6501,5921,3981,5431,530 United States

2,5912,5912,5232,2662,4852,312 World Total



World Oats Production, Consumption, and Stocks


2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21

Oct

2020/21

Nov

none

Production

110110110110110110 Algeria

640640600572492785 Argentina

1,6001,6008601,1351,2272,266 Australia

370370450342460390 Belarus

910910879795634828 Brazil

4,5004,5004,2273,4363,7333,231 Canada

638638477385573713 Chile

625625625575550525 China

9,2508,1508,0827,7908,0588,044 European Union

300300267336285335 Kazakhstan

9090991037271 Mexico

300300300144283359 Norway

4,0004,0004,4204,7155,4484,750 Russia

240240230230250225 Turkey

450450427423481510 Ukraine

282282266343279310 Others

24,30523,20522,31921,43422,93523,452 Subtotal

949949773815720938 United States

25,25424,15423,09222,24923,65524,390 World Total

none

Total Consumption

120120115111117132 Algeria

630630600550525760 Argentina

1,0501,0507009009001,500 Australia

370370450375460400 Belarus

905905845775675775 Brazil

2,4002,4002,4192,0832,0411,854 Canada

575575455375575655 Chile

980980870870850710 China

8,8307,9307,8407,9207,9007,950 European Union

280280250315275274 Kazakhstan

240240225255200195 Mexico

320320345250320315 Norway

3,9503,9504,2004,7005,4004,800 Russia

240240240230240240 Turkey

435435420450480450 Ukraine

519519507565533508 Others

22,02021,12020,58120,82221,63121,710 Subtotal

2,4922,4922,3452,3262,3582,537 United States

24,51223,61222,92623,14823,98924,247 World Total

none

Ending Stocks

251251101191196419 Australia

736736426397778703 Canada

909057154383 Chile

142140147170241152 China

665398430391613637 European Union

797979687575 Kazakhstan

14414419460167147 Russia

309300288249281376 Others

2,4162,1381,7221,5412,3942,592 Subtotal

582582534549595731 United States

2,9982,7202,2562,0902,9893,323 World Total


Regional Oats Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks


2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20

Oct

2020/21

Nov

2020/21

TY Imports none

1,667 North America 1,723 1,536 1,738 1,810 1,810

31 South America 46 27 58 40 40

3 European Union - 28 4 15 8 5 5

63 Other Europe 76 150 109 86 86


0 Middle East 0 0 5 0 0

15 North Africa 8 2 20 12 12


350 East Asia 479 301 294 425 425

25 South Asia 19 21 25 20 20

0 Oceania 0 0 0 0 0

2,189 Total 2,397 2,106 2,324 2,443 2,443

Production none

4,240 North America 4,525 4,354 5,099 5,539 5,539

2,373 South America 1,736 1,810 1,987 2,233 2,233

8,044 European Union - 28 8,058 7,790 8,082 8,150 9,250

502 Other Europe 426 301 439 432 432


225 Middle East 250 230 230 240 240

125 North Africa 145 173 150 145 145


526 East Asia 551 576 626 626 626

0 South Asia 0 0 0 0 0

2,309 Oceania 1,262 1,160 893 1,633 1,633

24,390 Total 23,655 22,249 23,092 24,154 25,254


4,586 North America 4,599 4,664 4,989 5,132 5,132

2,269 South America 1,859 1,787 1,957 2,195 2,195

7,950 European Union - 28 7,900 7,920 7,840 7,930 8,830

514 Other Europe 519 462 541 510 510


240 Middle East 240 230 240 240 240

151 North Africa 152 176 167 160 160


784 East Asia 940 951 943 1,055 1,055

25 South Asia 19 21 25 20 20

1,540 Oceania 935 928 730 1,083 1,083

24,055 Total 23,849 23,050 22,826 23,436 24,336

Ending Stocks none

1,437 North America 1,377 949 967 1,325 1,325

240 South America 122 130 196 234 234

637 European Union - 28 613 391 430 398 665

82 Other Europe 62 50 50 57 57


6 Middle East 16 16 11 11 11

1 North Africa 2 1 3 0 0


154 East Asia 244 170 147 141 143

0 South Asia 0 0 0 0 0

422 Oceania 199 191 104 254 254

3,323 Total 2,989 2,090 2,256 2,720 2,998




World Rye Trade


2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21

Oct

2020/21

Nov

none

TY Exports

000000 Albania

200200147152227132 Canada


7575117815229 Russia

505010423814 Ukraine

000119 Others

475475418560510323 Subtotal


480480424564514327 World Total

none

TY Imports

3339283 Belarus

223220 Canada


2020517214 Israel

202019232124 Japan

554334 Korea, South

55101954 Norway

33101539 Others

838314629922064 Subtotal

117117-5-29-3091 Unaccounted

280280283294324172 United States

480480424564514327 World Total



World Rye Production, Consumption, and Stocks


2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 2020/21

Oct

2020/21

Nov

none

Production

140170220878679 Argentina

900900650503670651 Belarus

430430333236341436 Canada

9,2008,6538,3876,2137,4017,440 European Union

1,8001,8001,4241,9142,5402,538 Russia

320320320320320300 Turkey

400400339396510394 Ukraine

160160162121176155 Others

13,35012,83311,8359,79012,04411,993 Subtotal

293293270214260339 United States

13,64313,12612,10510,00412,30412,332 World Total

none

Total Consumption

140170220878679 Argentina

303030303029 Australia

850850650550665700 Belarus

180180182168190180 Canada

8,9008,4508,0006,5007,7007,600 European Union

2020517214 Israel

555559275426 Norway

1,6501,6501,5501,7502,5002,400 Russia

320320320320320300 Turkey

355355305330480380 Ukraine

108108113122119129 Others

12,72612,30611,4269,92512,19911,852 Subtotal

571571550518483496 United States

13,29712,87711,97610,44312,68212,348 World Total

none

Ending Stocks

919138356141 Belarus

92924050124165 Canada

793769618486670989 European Union

111111 Japan

179179104141260291 Russia

141414141414 Turkey

727277496977 Ukraine

00041612 Others

1,2421,2188927801,2151,590 Subtotal


1,2661,2429207911,2301,608 World Total


Regional Rye Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks


2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20

Oct

2020/21

Nov

2020/21

TY Imports none

172 North America 326 296 286 282 282

0 South America 0 0 0 0 0

16 European Union - 28 137 221 1 25 25



4 Middle East 21 17 5 20 20


28 East Asia 24 26 23 25 25

0 Oceania 0 0 0 0 0

236 Total 544 593 429 363 363

Production none

775 North America 601 450 603 723 723

91 South America 97 100 234 185 155

7,440 European Union - 28 7,401 6,213 8,387 8,653 9,200

70 Other Europe 93 52 92 92 92


300 Middle East 320 320 320 320 320


0 East Asia 0 0 0 0 0

29 Oceania 30 30 30 30 30

12,332 Total 12,304 10,004 12,105 13,126 13,643


676 North America 673 686 732 751 751

91 South America 97 100 234 185 155

7,600 European Union - 28 7,700 6,500 8,000 8,450 8,900

78 Other Europe 100 72 105 100 100


304 Middle East 341 337 325 340 340


29 East Asia 24 26 23 25 25

29 Oceania 30 30 30 30 30

12,323 Total 12,648 10,419 11,984 12,759 13,179

Ending Stocks none

183 North America 139 61 68 116 116

0 South America 0 0 0 0 0

989 European Union - 28 670 486 618 769 793



14 Middle East 14 14 14 14 14


1 East Asia 1 1 1 1 1

0 Oceania 0 0 0 0 0

1,608 Total 1,230 791 920 1,242 1,266




Documents

United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Grain ......3 This year, the TMO’s wheat support prices were set at 1650 TL/MT ($234/MT given exchange rate on the day of the