Upload
lorin-ellis
View
218
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
1940 – Roosevelt gave 50 destroyers to Britain in exchange for leases on 8 British military bases 1940 – Selective Training and Service Act – first US peacetime draft; called up men aged 21 – 35 to serve in the military
Citation preview
United States and the War
Objective: analyze how and why the US entered the war
United States Most people wanted Allies to win,
but did not want war Roosevelt vowed to remain neutral 1938- Congress revised Neutrality
Acts allowing warring nations to buy US goods if they paid cash and moved the goods in their own ships
1940 – Roosevelt gave 50 destroyers to Britain in exchange for leases on 8 British military bases
1940 – Selective Training and Service Act – first US peacetime draft; called up men aged 21 – 35 to serve in the military
1940 Election Roosevelt runs for third term First president to break
Washington’s two-term tradition Promised not to send Americans
into foreign wars while he continued to prepare the nation for war
Involvement Grows March, 1941 –Congress passed Lend-
Lease Act Lend-lease Act – allowed the United
States to lend or lease raw materials, equipment, and weapons to any country vital to the defense of the United States (the Allied nations -$50 billion worth of war goods)
Isolationists opposed law Roosevelt instructs navy to protect
British ships close to American shores
Orders Americans to shoot German and Italian ships on sight in certain areas after Germans fired on US ships
Atlantic Charter August, 1941 – charter signed by
Roosevelt and Churchill Not a military alliance – set goals for
the world after the Nazis were defeated
Urged disarmament (giving up weapons)
Called for creation of permanent system for preserving peace
Japanese Threat Japan expands in the Far East Seized French Indochina after
France fell Planned to take the Dutch East
Indies, British Malaya, and American territory of the Philippines
US Responds Economic pressure used to halt
Japan’s expansion All Japanese funds (money) frozen
in US banks by Roosevelt Also stopped sale of gasoline and
other resources Japan needed
Konoye (Prime Minister) wants to hold talks with US; does not believe Japan could defeat US in a war
General Tojo disagreed; Konoye resigned
Nov. 20 – talks went forward; Tojo planned surprise attack on US
Attack on Pearl Harbor 7:55 am on Sunday, Dec. 7, 1941
Japanese warplanes bombed Pearl Harbor, an American naval base in Hawaii
Ships anchored in a neat row, and airplanes grouped together on the airfield, made easy targets
More than 2,300 soldiers, sailors, and civilians were killed
More than 1,000 injured Many American warplanes and
ships were destroyed
Dec. 8. 1941 – President Roosevelt asked Congress to declare war on Japan
Dec. 11, Germany and Italy declared war on the United States.
View clip from Tora, Tora, Tora
“I fear all we have done is to awaken a sleeping giant and fill him with a terrible resolve.” Admiral Yamamota What does Admiral Yamamota
mean? With your group illustrate what you think the quote means.
Summary Explain why the US entered the war. What were the main goals of the
Atlantic Charter? Why did Japan attack Pearl Harbor?Activity suggestions: illustrate the Lend-
Lease program, create an announcement declaring war against Japan, illustrate the attack on Pearl Harbor