Unit: The Cold WarUnit: The Cold WarTopic: Communist Topic: Communist

EuropeEurope

Cold War DBQ Essay Test Cold War DBQ Essay Test due on Friday, March 4!due on Friday, March 4!

This WILL NOT COUNT for the This WILL NOT COUNT for the 5 week progress reports!5 week progress reports!

Soviet Soviet satellitessatellites tried to revolt tried to revolt against their against their Communist Communist gov’ts, but gov’ts, but the Soviet the Soviet Union put a Union put a stop to that!stop to that!

1. Hungary 1. Hungary RevoltsRevolts

A.A.In 1956, a In 1956, a revolution revolution led by led by Prime Prime Minister Minister Imre NagyImre Nagy occurred in occurred in Hungary.Hungary.

B.B. Nagy ended Nagy ended one-party one-party rule, kicked rule, kicked out the Soviet out the Soviet troops, and troops, and on November on November 1 withdrew 1 withdrew Hungary from Hungary from the the Warsaw Warsaw Pact.Pact.

C.C. On November 4, the Soviet Union sent a On November 4, the Soviet Union sent a massive amount of tanks and troops into massive amount of tanks and troops into Hungary.Hungary.

D.D.Thousands Thousands died, and died, and the revolt the revolt was was suppressed.suppressed.

The Soviets charged The Soviets charged Nagy with treason - he Nagy with treason - he was secretly tried, found was secretly tried, found guilty, sentenced to death guilty, sentenced to death and executed by hanging and executed by hanging in June 1958. His trial in June 1958. His trial and execution were made and execution were made public only after the public only after the sentence was carried out. sentence was carried out. Supposedly, Nagy was Supposedly, Nagy was executed "as a lesson to executed "as a lesson to all other leaders in all other leaders in socialist countries.“ He socialist countries.“ He was buried in the yard was buried in the yard where his execution was where his execution was carried out face-down, carried out face-down, and with his hands and and with his hands and feet tied with barbed feet tied with barbed wire. wire.

2. The Invasion 2. The Invasion of of

CzechoslovakiaCzechoslovakia

Alexander Dubcek was a Czech politician who was Alexander Dubcek was a Czech politician who was part of the Communist Party; though he never turned part of the Communist Party; though he never turned his back on Communism, he wanted to introduce new his back on Communism, he wanted to introduce new reforms, calling it "socialism with a human face .”reforms, calling it "socialism with a human face .”

A.A. In the spring of In the spring of 19681968, , Alexander Alexander DubcekDubcek called called for liberal for liberal reforms and reforms and the easing of the easing of Soviet control.Soviet control.

B.B. Czecho-Czecho-slovakia even slovakia even began to plan began to plan a new a new constitution!constitution!

Other Communist leaders started to get nervous and Other Communist leaders started to get nervous and started to warn Dubcek to stop trying to reform started to warn Dubcek to stop trying to reform Czechoslovakia, but he didn’t listen!Czechoslovakia, but he didn’t listen!

C.C. The Soviet The Soviet Union, Union, however, however, ended all ended all hopes of hopes of change inchange in “Prague “Prague Spring,” Spring,” arresting arresting Dubcek and Dubcek and his followershis followers..

Dubček was taken to Dubček was taken to Moscow on a Soviet Moscow on a Soviet military transport aircraft; military transport aircraft; in January 1969, Dubček in January 1969, Dubček was hospitalized was hospitalized complaining of a cold and complaining of a cold and rumors sprang up that his rumors sprang up that his illness was radiation illness was radiation sickness and that it was sickness and that it was caused by radioactive caused by radioactive strontium being placed in strontium being placed in his soup during his stay in his soup during his stay in Moscow in an attempt to Moscow in an attempt to kill him, but this was never kill him, but this was never proven.proven.

These events made it very These events made it very clear that the Soviet Union clear that the Soviet Union would use force whenever would use force whenever necessary to ensure the necessary to ensure the survival of Communism.survival of Communism.

3. The 3. The Space RaceSpace Race

A.A. In 1957, the In 1957, the Soviet Union Soviet Union launched launched SputnikSputnik, , a a satellite, into satellite, into orbit.orbit.

Sputnik was about 23 Sputnik was about 23 inches in diameter and inches in diameter and weighed approximately weighed approximately 183 pounds; it could orbit 183 pounds; it could orbit the earth in 96 minutes.the earth in 96 minutes.

B.B. The U.S. retaliated with The U.S. retaliated with NASANASA (National (National Aeronautics and Space Aeronautics and Space Administration)Administration) and and launched their own launched their own satellite – Explorer I - satellite – Explorer I - in 1958.in 1958.

In 1961, the Soviets sent a man into space.In 1961, the Soviets sent a man into space.

In 1969, the U.S. put a man on the moon.In 1969, the U.S. put a man on the moon.

C.C.Both Both Americans Americans and Soviets and Soviets were were worried worried about about espionage espionage and and destruction.destruction.

Space RaceSpace Race

If you didn’t do your If you didn’t do your homework:homework:

Textbook page 871:Textbook page 871:Questions 1-3Questions 1-3Textbook page 813:Textbook page 813:Questions 1-2, 5Questions 1-2, 5Otherwise, work on your Otherwise, work on your DBQ Essay OR copy notes!DBQ Essay OR copy notes!