Unit TDA 2.1 Child and young person

development(Part 2)

TDA 2.1 – Learning outcomes 2 &3

What can have an effect on children and young people’s development?

Learning Outcomes

• All will be able to identify factors that influence health and development

• Most will know how different factors can affect an individual’s development

• Some will be able to know how health related factors can influence their own

development

Connector

• With the person beside you, think about what influences the development of

children and young people?

• Come up with as many ideas as possible

Influences on the development of children and young people

2.1

Parental health andlifestyle

Infection

Diet

Poverty and socialdisadvantage

Housing

Environmentalfactors

Opportunitiesfor play

Emotionaland social factors

Accidents

Diet

ObesityWhat effectsmight this have?

More likely toget colds andbronchitis

Anaemia (Nutritional)Due to lack of iron, folic acid

and B12 vitaminWhich foods are good for supplying these nutrients?

Dental caries /tooth decayWhich foods and drinks can cause this?

Failure to thriveWhat is this?

Possibleconditions

that may occurdue to a poor

diet

Infections

Diphtheria

Tetanus

Polio

Whooping Cough

Measles

Meningitis

Mumps

Rubella

Activity 1

Do some research on these (2 infections per group) that can have an effect on a child/young person’s heath and development.

Feedback to class

Extension: Find out about any other infections

Poverty and social disadvantage (1)

Poverty is the greatest threat to the healthy development of children and young people in the

UK.

Possible effects:• Young people and children may be more at risk of

an accident or illness. Why do you think this might be?

• Children and young people may have to go without meals, clothes etc.

Poverty and social disadvantage (2)

• The child/young person’s diet may not be good. What foods do you think they might miss out on and what would be the consequences?

• A child/young person’s living conditions may be poor.Do you know anyone in this position?

• The child may be smaller at birth.• The child/young person’s education/work may

suffer.Can you think why this might be the case?

Housing

Low-income families are more likely to live

in:

Homes which are damp and/or unheatedRisk of infections

Densely populated and unattractive neighbourhoodsFew gardens and play areas

Overcrowded conditionsSome families housed in ‘hotels’, B&Bs etc: shared facilities.

Accidents

• Some childhood accidents have lasting effects on a child’s healthy growth and development.

• Many accidents are preventable.

Which accidentscould be

prevented?

How could accidents

be prevented?

Environmental Factors

Water pollution

Noise pollution

Air pollution

How might these affect a child/young person’s health and development?

The importance of play for healthy child development

• Through play, children learn and understand about the world and the people they meet.

• Play influences all aspects of a child’s development.

• Play is important for a child’s:

relationships physical coordination ideas and creativity feelings spiritual development.

Emotional and social factors

• Socialisation (the development of social skills) is all about relating to others.

• Emotional development is all about feelings. How a child feels will be influenced by many of the factors that affect the development of social skills.

• Factors that affect the development of social skills:

genetic inheritance attachment physical factors economic and environmental

factors upbringing having role models culture and gender family size and position in

family friends and peers.

Parental health and lifestyle

• The health and lifestyle of a parent/carer can have a real effect on a child’s development, e.g. mum suffers from depression, dad is violent, mum is an alcoholic, dad is a drug addict.

• Sometimes children have to take on a carer’s role.• Parents may not ‘be available’ (physically and

emotionally) for their children.• Children may suffer physical neglect.• Parents may not show much love and affection.• Some living conditions may be poor and/or unsafe.

Poor parenting skills can affect a child’s development.

Activity 2

Group 1: Diet and environmental factors

Group 2: Housing and poverty and social

disadvantage

Group 3: Opportunities for play and parental health and lifestyle

Group 4: Accidents and infections

Work in groups. Discuss and make notes on how each

area can affect a child’s growth and development in a

positive and negative way. Feedback to the class!

The potential effects of transitions on children and young people’s

development? 3.1

Crawling to walking

The arrival of a new baby Starting school

Activity 3

Complete the Predictable and Unpredictable life events sheet 1.

Transitions3.1

Children and young people naturally go through a number of transitions as they grow up, for example:

• being weaned onto solid food• progressing from crawling to walking• being potty trained• going from nursery to primary school• moving from primary to secondary school• transferring from secondary school to college/sixth

form• starting work• leaving home.

• Can you think of any more?

Unexpected transitions3.2

Not all transitions are experienced by every child/young person

What are they?

Someunexpectedtransitions

Parents divorcingHaving a new step-parentHaving a new step-family

Serious accident, illnessor death in the family

Moving house Violence or abuse withinthe family

The unexpected change of school orchildcare provider

The birth of a new babyin the family

Activity 2

Complete the effects of different life events sheet

Effects of transitions

3.3

• Children and young people need to be supported through transitions.

• Children and young people who have had many moves or changes may feel a sense of loss or grief.

• Some changes may have a profound effect on their emotional and social development.

DISCUSSIONHow can children/young people be supported :a. When starting college/school/nursery?b. If their parents divorce/separate?c. When a new baby arrives?

What effects might these transitions have?

Activity 3.3

• In groups, discuss the expected transitions that you have gone through in your life so far.

• Explain the effects these transitions had on you.• What support did you get from others?• What more could have been done to help you cope?• As a practitioner, how could you support children and

young people when they face similar transitions?

• Record the main points of these discussions in preparation for the booklet you will need to produce for Task 3 (Assessment criterion 3.1).

 

Activity 3.3

• Discuss the transitions that only some children may experience, e.g. parents separating. Again, you can use this information for your booklet.

• Your booklet will need to show the effects these transitions may have on behaviour and development (Assessment criteria 3.2 and 3.3).