Spreadsheets Unit

SpreadsheetsUnit

Tech Talk: Buying a Computer Computer Components and Your Needs (pg. 208–209) Computer Advertisements (pg. 210) Performance and Price (pg. 211–212)

Projects Create a Spreadsheet (pg. 214–227) Apply Formulas (pg. 228–238) Evaluate Your Data (pg. 239–250)

ContentsStarting with You Why should you know how you will use a new computer before you buy one? To find out, go to the Online Learning Center at concepts.glencoe.com. Choose Before You Read Quizzes and take the Unit 5 Pre-Quiz.

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Spreadsheets Unit

Buying a Computer

To analyze your computer needs before shopping for equipment

How to evaluate advertisements for computers To determine how a computer’s performance relates

to price

You Will LearnKey Terms

component

warranty

performance

pg. 208–213

Spreadsheets Unit

Buying a Computer

What Should I Look For in a Computer?A computer system includes various basic components:

Computer Monitor Keyboard Mouse

Before you buy a computer, you may want to consider these questions:

Will I need additional software or hardware? Do I need a desktop or a laptop? What type of printer or monitor do I need?

component

A piece of hardware that is part of a computer system. (pg. 208)

Computer Components and Your Needs pg. 208–209

Spreadsheets Unit

Analyze In addition to a monitor, keyboard, and mouse, what computer components do you think you might want? Why?

Computer Components and Your Needs

Buying a Computer

Possible answers include:

Speakers, to hear music and sounds CD burner, to play and save music or pictures DVD burner, to play and save video or pictures Video card, to play complex games Color or photo-quality printer, to print images Modem, to access the Internet

Spreadsheets Unit

What Costs Are Not Included?Some costs do not always appear in ads for computer systems. Consider the following:

Software – adding the programs you need may add additional costs to the basic package

Internet service - usually a monthly fee that is not included in a basic computer package

Repairs - often covered for a limited time by the manufacturer’s warranty

warranty

The computer manufacturer’s promise to pay for specific repairs for a certain length of time. (pg. 210)

Computer Advertisements pg. 86–87

Buying a Computer

Spreadsheets Unit

Cause and Effect What happens if your computer malfunctions and you do not have a warranty, or your warranty has expired?

Computer Advertisements

Buying a Computer

If your computer malfunctions and you do not have a current warranty that covers repairs, you will have to pay for the repairs yourself.

Spreadsheets Unit

Buying a Computer

A computer’s performance is based on the speed or quality of its components.

Microprocessor (CPU) – a fast CPU improves overall performance

Random-access memory (RAM) – more RAM lets the computer process information faster

Modem and network connections – a dial-up modem is not as fast as other types of connections, such as wireless

Performance and Price pg. 211–212

performance

How fast a computer works. (pg. 211)

Spreadsheets Unit

Buying a Computer

Why Are Computer Prices So Different?Shop around! Computer prices vary based on:

The components you choose Where you make your purchase Software included

Setting up a small computer network at home can help families save money by:

Sharing Internet connections Sharing files, programs, and other software Sharing printers and other hardware

Performance and Price pg. 211–212

Spreadsheets Unit

Buying a Computer

Tech Talk Assessment pg. 213

Identify What are three factors that can affect the price of a computer and components?

Self-Check Assess your understanding of what you read. Go to the Online Learning Center at concepts.glencoe.com. Choose After You Read Quizzes and take the Unit 5 Tech Talk Quiz.

Possible answers include:

Whether the computer is a laptop or a desktop Speed of Microprocessor (CPU) Amount of RAM Type of monitor Size of hard disk/storage Modem and network connections Software Hardware, such as a printer, scanner, or CD burner Where the items are purchased

Spreadsheets Unit

Going Online

Tech Talk Assessment pg. 213

Evaluate Why would you choose to buy a computer that does not offer the highest performance available? Possible answers include:

Budget Your needs (you might not need the fastest

computer available)

Spreadsheets Unit

Create a Spreadsheet

Exercise 1-1 Identify the parts of the Excel window Move between cells in a worksheet

Exercise 1-2 Create and save a new worksheet Enter data into cells Edit and delete data

Contents

pg. 214–227

Key Terms

worksheet

workbook

range

AutoFit

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Spreadsheets Unit

Create a Spreadsheet

Exercise 1-3 Format cells Define and use ranges Change column width Insert and delete columns and rows

Exercise 1-4 Add a title to a worksheet Change row height Print a worksheet

Contents

pg. 214–227

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Spreadsheets Unit

Create a Spreadsheet

pg. 215–217Exercise 1-1 Get to Know Microsoft Excel

In this exercise you will learn several ways to move between cells in a worksheet. Knowing how to move between cells will help you quickly create a worksheet to organize your data.

Microsoft Excel is an example of spreadsheet software. Each workbook in Excel may contain any number of worksheets that can be used to:

Make calculations Create budgets Organize information

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worksheet

A table of data that is organized into rows and columns. (pg. 215)

workbook

An Excel file that holds worksheets. (pg. 215)

Microsoft Excel

APPLICATIONS USED

5A Computer Systems

DATA FILE USED

Spreadsheets Unit

Create a Spreadsheet

pg. 215–217Exercise 1-1 Get to Know Microsoft Excel

The rows and columns in an Excel worksheet intersect (cross each other) to create cells. A cell is where data is entered. Each cell has an address, which is the cell’s column letter and row number (such as B16 or L5).

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Spreadsheets Unit

Create a Spreadsheet

pg. 218–220Exercise 1-2 Create a Worksheet

In this exercise you will create a new Excel workbook. You will enter data to compare the prices of two different computers. You will also change column widths so you can read all your data.

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Microsoft Excel

APPLICATIONS USED

Spreadsheets Unit

Create a Spreadsheet

pg. 218–220Exercise 1-2 Create a Worksheet

The first row or column in a worksheet should have labels or headers to identify the content.

Some tasks you can perform with data in a worksheet are:

Enter - type data in a cell Replace - type over old data in a cell Edit - use the formula bar to change data in a cell Copy - copy data from one cell to another

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Spreadsheets Unit

Create a Spreadsheet

pg. 221–222Exercise 1-3 Format a Worksheet

In this exercise you will insert and delete columns in a worksheet. Then you will format the new data and change the width of a column so that the data fit in each cell.

There are many ways to change the appearance and function of a spreadsheet. Some of the common editing tasks you can perform in Excel are:

Changing the font format in a cell or range of cells

Using AutoFit to adjust the size of columns and rows.

Adding or deleting rows, columns, cells, and worksheets

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range

A group of cells in a spreadsheet. (pg. 221)

AutoFit

A tool in Microsoft Excel that can automatically change the width of a column to fit the longest entry, or change the height of a row to fit the font. (pg. 221)

Microsoft Excel

APPLICATIONS USED

Spreadsheets Unit

Create a Spreadsheet

pg. 223–224Exercise 1-4 Format and Print a Worksheet

In this exercise you will format the worksheet with a title and set the print area.

In addition to all the formatting options available with spreadsheet software, there are several main points to remember when you print a worksheet from Excel:

Always set the print area using the File menu, to avoid printing many pages of blank cells.

Use the Print Preview function to make sure you are ready to print.

Decide whether or not you want the gridlines to show, and set this using the Page Setup command.

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Microsoft Excel

APPLICATIONS USED

Spreadsheets Unit

Create a Spreadsheet, pg. 214–227

Project Assessment

Identify Which of the following is not a task you can do using spreadsheet software such as Microsoft Excel? What type of software would you use to do this task?

A. write a paper

B. run calculations

C. create budgets

D. organize grades

The correct answer is:A. write a paper To write a paper, you would use word processing software, such as Microsoft Word.

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Spreadsheets Unit

Create a Spreadsheet, pg. 214–227

Project Assessment

Compare What is the difference between a workbook, a worksheet?

A worksheet contains a single spreadsheet page.

A workbook is the computer file that holds a series of worksheets.

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Spreadsheets Unit

Create a Spreadsheet, pg. 214–227

Project Assessment

Describe Why do you think it is important to set the print area and preview a worksheet before printing it?

Possible answers include:

It is important to set the print area because worksheets often contain hundreds of columns and rows, and some unwanted sections may print along with the ones you really want to see. (Setting the print area can save a lot of wasted paper!)

Similar to a Microsoft Word document, you can preview a worksheet before printing it in order to make sure the document appears the way you want it to. (Previewing a worksheet before printing it can also save a lot of wasted paper.)

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Spreadsheets Unit

Apply Formulas

Exercise 2-1 Calculate results using arithmetic operators Enter formulas in cells

Exercise 2-2 Add a column of numbers with AutoSum Find the minimum and maximum values in a range Count and average the numbers in a range

Exercise 2-3 Explore relative addressing Copy functions

pg. 228–238

Key Terms

arithmetic operator

formula

function

AutoSum

relative addressing

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Spreadsheets Unit

Apply Formulas

pg. 229–230 Exercise 2-1 Enter Formulas

In this exercise you will learn how to enter formulas into the Computer Price Comparison worksheet you began in Project 1. These formulas will help you determine the total cost of each computer.

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Microsoft Excel

APPLICATIONS USED

Spreadsheets Unit

Apply Formulas

pg. 229–230 Exercise 2-1 Enter Formulas

The primary function of a spreadsheet is to perform calculations by using arithmetic operators to create formulas. Some common arithmetic operators include:

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Arithmetic Operator

Action

+ Add

– Subtract

* Multiply

/ Divide

= Equals

arithmetic operators

A symbol that represents a specific action. For instance, the arithmetic symbol for addition is the + sign. (pg. 229)

formula

A calculation in Excel that describes the relationship between cells; for example, you can create a formula to add data in a range of cells. (pg. 229)

Spreadsheets Unit

Apply Formulas

pg. 231–233 Exercise 2-2 Use Functions to Summarize Data

In this exercise you will use the AutoSum feature to simplify calculations of long columns of numbers. Then you will use the Max, Min, and Count functions.

In Excel, you can use functions, such as AutoSum, to perform calculations. Some common Excel functions are:

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Microsoft Excel

APPLICATIONS USED

Function Description

Sum Calculates the total of a cell range

Average Calculates the average of a cell range

Minimum (Min) Finds the smallest number in cell range

Maximum (Max) Finds the largest number in a cell range

Count Shows the number of cells in a range

function

A built-in formula in Excel. (pg. 231)

formula

A shortcut button on the Standard toolbar for the Sum function in Excel. (pg. 231)

Spreadsheets Unit

Apply Formulas

pg. 234–235 Exercise 2-3 Copy Formulas

In this exercise you will copy formulas you entered in the previous exercise so you will not have to enter them again.

Sometimes, you may want to apply the same formula to different groups of cells. Excel simplifies this task with its relative addressing tool, which adjusts a formula automatically when it is applied to different cells.

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relative addressing

The change a formula makes when it is moved or copied to other cells with different data. (pg. 234)

Microsoft Excel

APPLICATIONS USED

Spreadsheets Unit

Apply Formulas, pg. 228–238

Project Assessment

Compare What is the difference between a function and

a formula?

A formula is a calculation, such as addition or subtraction, that describes the relationship between cells.

A function is a built-in formula in Excel.

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Spreadsheets Unit

Apply Formulas, pg. 228–238

Project Assessment

Predict How do you think relative addressing will help you when using Excel?

Relative addressing allows you to apply the same formula to different cells without having to retype the formula to include the new cell addresses. This saves time and helps avoid keying errors.

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Spreadsheets Unit

Apply Formulas, pg. 228–238

Project Assessment

Identify Name three common Excel functions and what they do.

Possible answers include:

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Function Description

Sum Calculates the total of a cell range

Average Calculates the average of a cell range

Minimum (Min) Finds the smallest number in cell range

Maximum (Max) Finds the largest number in a cell range

Count Shows the number of cells in a range

Spreadsheets Unit

Evaluate Your Data

Exercise 3-1 Select criteria to use in a sort Sort in ascending order or descending order

Exercise 3-2 Display rows that match your needs Hide columns

Exercise 3-3 Create a bar chart Select a data series

pg. 239–250

Key Terms

sort

criteria

ascending sort

descending sort

filter

hiding

chart

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Spreadsheets Unit

Evaluate Your Data

pg. 240–241 Exercise 3-1 Sort Data

In this exercise you will sort the components in your computer price comparison alphabetically and numerically.

Once you have entered data into a worksheet, you may want to organize it to be more useful. You can arrange data by criteria, using a sort:

ascending sort - lowest to highest descending sort - highest to lowest

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criteria

Characteristics that define an item, such as age or last name. (pg. 240)

sort

A way of arranging data in a particular order. (pg. 240)

ascending sort

A sort to arrange data from lowest to highest, such as A to Z or 1 to 100. (pg. 240)

descending sort

A sort to arrange data from highest to lowest, such as Z to A or 100 to 1. (pg. 240)

Microsoft Excel

APPLICATIONS USED

Spreadsheets Unit

Evaluate Your Data

pg. 242–243 Exercise 3-2 Filter Data

In this exercise you will use a worksheet that lists five computer systems, each with different components and prices. You will use filters to display the systems that meet your criteria and hide data that you do not need to see.

To see just the data you want, you can:

Use a filter Hide columns or rows

Filtering and hiding are particularly useful when a worksheet has many rows or columns, and the screen becomes distracting with too much information.

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filter

A way to find just the information you need and hide the rest. (pg. 242)

hiding

A way to reduce the amount of information displayed in an Excel worksheet. (pg. 242)

Microsoft Excel

APPLICATIONS USED

5A Computer Systems

DATA FILE USED

Spreadsheets Unit

Evaluate Your Data

pg. 244–247 Exercise 3-3 Create Charts

In this exercise you will create a column chart that compares the prices of each component of a computer.

Excel offers a variety of options for creating charts, or graphs, of data. Some types of charts are:

Bar Column Line Pie

Often, charts are easier to understand and interpret than a page full of numbers!

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Microsoft Excel

APPLICATIONS USED

Chart

A visual way to display and compare data; also known as graph. (pg. 244)

Spreadsheets Unit

Evaluate Your Data

pg. 244–247 Exercise 3-3 Create Charts

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Spreadsheets Unit

Evaluate Your Data, pg. 239–250

Project Assessment

Explore Think of a situation in which you might want to use the Sort function in Excel.

It is useful to sort information that can be put into a certain order so that information is easier to find. For example, if you are giving out awards for school attendance, an ascending sort will indicate students with the least amount of absent days.

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Spreadsheets Unit

Evaluate Your Data, pg. 239–250

Project Assessment

Compare and Contrast Discuss the similarities and differences between filtering and hiding data.

Possible similarities include:

Neither function deletes information from the worksheet. Both functions conceal information so that it is not visible.

Possible differences include:

Filtering allows you to choose exactly the data you need and hides the rest (even within the same row or column).

Hiding requires that you choose entire rows or columns so they are not displayed.

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Spreadsheets Unit

Evaluate Your Data, pg. 239–250

Project Assessment

Analyze Which of the following chart types would be the best choice for showing the percentages of boys and girls in your school? Why?

A. bar

B. column

The correct answer is:D. pie 

To show the percentages of boys and girls in your school, the pie chart would be most effective because it shows parts of a whole.

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C. line

D. pie

Spreadsheets Unit

SpreadsheetsUnit

Assessment Double-check your knowledge of Excel. Go to the Online Learning Center at concepts.glencoe.com. Choose e-Review Quizzes and take the Unit 5 Tech Assess Quiz.

Unit Assessment

Make Predictions How do you think Excel helps businesses?

Among many other tasks, businesses may use Excel to:

Create budgets Compare products or other items Organize customer or employee data Track and calculate sales figures Prepare graphs for presentations and reports

Spreadsheets Unit

Using the InternetUnitUnit Assessment

Cause and Effect Why do you think it is important to become comfortable with Excel in high school?

Excel is commonly used in homes (for personal tasks) and in offices (for business tasks). Students who learn Excel in high school will have an advantage when they graduate, whether they go to college or start a professional career right away.

Spreadsheets Unit

Using the InternetUnitUnit Assessment

Evaluate Give an example of data that might be easier to understand as a chart rather than as numbers in a worksheet.

Examples include:

Comparing sales from year to year Illustrating temperature patterns Showing percentages of different groups of people

Spreadsheets Unit

Using the InternetUnitUnit Assessment

Analyze Based on what you have learned so far, which feature of Excel do you think is the most useful? Which do you feel the least comfortable with right now?

Identify an aspect of Excel that you think is particularly useful, as well as one you would like to familiarize yourself with further.

Spreadsheets Unit

Using the InternetUnitUnit Resources

For more resources on this unit, go to the Online Learning Center at http://www.concepts.glencoe.com.