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Unit III

•The Muslim and Christian World Collide

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Unit III

•The Rise and Spread of Islam

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Islam:Religion of Middle East, N. Africa, and SE Asia founded by Mohammed and means submission to the will of Allah.

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Mohammed:

Prophet of Allah; founder of Islam 7/2013

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Muslim:

A follower of the religion of Islam.

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Allah:The name of God in the Islamic

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Koran/Quran:The holy book of Islam.

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Mecca:The holy city of Islam.

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5 Pillars of Islam

• The 5 duties that every Muslim must carry out in their life. These serve as a guide for a Muslim to follow.

1. Faith2. Prayer3. Alms4. Fasting5. Pilgrimage

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Mosque:

Islamic house of worship

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Ramadan:The ninth month of the Muslim calendar. All

Muslims must fast during daylight hours, except the very young or sick.

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Hajj:The pilgrimage or holy journey to

the city of Mecca

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Sharia Law:Islamic laws which regulates all aspects of

the life including, moral behavior, family life, business dealings, and government.

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Minerat:Tall slender towers on a mosque used by Muslim holy men to call people to prayer.

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Moors:Name given to Muslims in Spain

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Charles Martel:Christian leader who defeated

Muslim armies at Battle of Tours

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Battle of Tours:

Battle at Tours, France where Christian armies stopped Islam from advancing

into Christian Europe.

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Unit III

•West African

Trading Kingdoms

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Ghana/Mali/Songhai:

West Africa trading kingdoms whose rose to power on the Gold

& Salt trade.

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Mansa Musa:Muslim king of Mali, who made a

pilgrimage to Mecca increasing the wealth and trade of his own kingdom.

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Timbuktu:Cosmopolitan trading city of the African

kingdom of Mali and major trading center along the gold/salt routes circa.

14th century.

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Unit III

•Byzantine Empire

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Justinian, Emperor:Byzantine leader who united his

people under legal code.

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Justinian Code:

Early law, code of the Byzantine Empire that expanded/updated Roman law and provided a basis for modern western law

codes.

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Schism:

Major permanent separation or split

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Constantinople:Capital city of the Byzantine Empire; known as

the crossroads of Europe.

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Autocratic/Absolute Ruler:A leader who has complete or

total power.

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Pope:

Leader of the Roman Catholic Church. Chosen by the College of

Cardinals.

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Hagia Sophia:Church in Constantinople that was re-built by Justinian into one of the most beautiful churches in the world. Today

it is a Muslim mosque for tourism.

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Mosaic:

Artistic use of stone or tile pieces laid out to design a large image.

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Icon:Holy images of saints, Jesus or the Madonna

common within Orthodox Christianity.

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Unit III

•Kievan Russia

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Orthodox Christianity:

A branch of Christianity developed in the Byzantine Empire, after its split from the Roman Empire. It spread throughout the

eastern Mediterranean and Russia.

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Patriarch:

Appointed religious leader of the Orthodox (Eastern) Church – unlike Pope.

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Excommunication:Barred from the church, a penalty

handed down by the Roman Catholic Church when one broke

Church law.

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Cyrillic Alphabet:An alphabet created by Eastern Orthodox

monks for the Slavic language. It is based on Greek, and still used through the various Slavic countries today, such as Russia.

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Secular:Worldly focus; non-religious

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Kiev:

1st great Russian city for gov’t, commerce and trade.

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CzarTitle of the ruler of Russia. Taken

from the word Caesar, which means emperor.

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Unit III

•The Tang & Song

(China’s Golden Age)

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Genghis Khan:(1167? – 1227) One of the

Mongol's greatest leaders and founder of the Mongol Empire.

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Golden Horde:Mongol army that swept over

Eastern Europe in the 13th century

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Pax Mongolia:Mongolian peace that characterized

the culture and exchanges during the centuries of Mongol rule of Eastern

Europe and Asia.

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Joan of Arc:French peasant girl who rallied French troops to defeat the English in the Hundred Years’ War –

thus enabling Charles to become king of France.

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