Unit 9 On Becoming a Better Student. Contents Pre-reading questions Pre-reading questions Pre-reading questions Background information Background

Unit 9Unit 9On Becoming a Better StudentOn Becoming a Better Student

ContentsContents

Pre-reading questionsPre-reading questions Background informationBackground information Structure analysis Structure analysis Comprehension questions Comprehension questions Language points of Text ILanguage points of Text I Grammatical itemsGrammatical items ExercisesExercises Comprehension questions of Text IIComprehension questions of Text II Oral activitiesOral activities Writing practiceWriting practice

Text Text I I On Becoming a Better Student

Pre-reading questionsPre-reading questions 1. As a student, what is your expectation of 1. As a student, what is your expectation of

teachers? Do you expect them to be omniscient teachers? Do you expect them to be omniscient and omnipotent, or as human as you are?and omnipotent, or as human as you are?

2. what do you think are the personality traits of 2. what do you think are the personality traits of a fine student?a fine student?

Background Information ( 1 ) Background Information ( 1 )

The Alexander Technique is a simple and practical method for improving ease and freedom of movement, balance, support, flexibility, and coordination. It enhances performance and is therefore a valued tool for musicians.

Who is F.M. Alexander

Background Information (2)Background Information (2)

What is yoga?What is yoga? Yoga A Hindu discipline aimed at training the Yoga A Hindu discipline aimed at training the

consciousness for a state of perfect spiritual consciousness for a state of perfect spiritual insight and tranquility. insight and tranquility.

A system of exercises practiced as part of this A system of exercises practiced as part of this discipline to promote control of the body and discipline to promote control of the body and mind.mind.

Background Information(3)Background Information(3)


T’ai ChiT’ai Chi has been described as magical, and it certainly fe has been described as magical, and it certainly feels like magicels like magic

PARADOX AND OPPOSITESPARADOX AND OPPOSITESExcited and calm, exercising and relaxed, soft and poweExcited and calm, exercising and relaxed, soft and powerful, yielding and overcoming, and not moving in moverful, yielding and overcoming, and not moving in movement are a few of the opposites which occur simultaneoment are a few of the opposites which occur simultaneously. This very interesting exercise, while never boring, usly. This very interesting exercise, while never boring, is challenging. It challenges your preconceived way of is challenging. It challenges your preconceived way of being in relationship to gravity, your physical self, your being in relationship to gravity, your physical self, your mind, and with other people. mind, and with other people.


Structure analysis Structure analysis

These paragraphs are developed through These paragraphs are developed through restatement, example, definition and restatement, example, definition and comparison;comparison;

Comprehensive questions ( 1 )Comprehensive questions ( 1 )

What do students expect from their teachers?What do students expect from their teachers? Why does the writer mention the students’ Why does the writer mention the students’

expectations for their teacher first?expectations for their teacher first? What is an “investigative spirit”? What is an “investigative spirit”? According to the writerAccording to the writer ，， what should study what should study

mean?mean?

According to the writerAccording to the writer ，， what should study what should study mean?mean?

Why does the writer say that a creative person Why does the writer say that a creative person uses the “failure” as a stepping stone?uses the “failure” as a stepping stone?

Why is pushing or forcing considered a pitfall?Why is pushing or forcing considered a pitfall? What do you think of these tips? Open What do you think of these tips? Open

discussiondiscussion What other tips would you like to add to the What other tips would you like to add to the

list? Open discussionlist? Open discussion


What does the author mean by saying “ it is What does the author mean by saying “ it is really not possible to teach”(paragraph 2)?really not possible to teach”(paragraph 2)?


The author’s confession indicates a shift of her attention from teaching to learning. She believes that students should pay a more active role in the learning process, getting fully involved in constructing knowledge meaningful to themselves and practicing their skills. Teachers should, in the meantime, play a supportive role helping students arrive at their own conclusions instead of imposing their own views upon students or instilling the so-called knowledge in students’s mind.

How important is discipline for studies?How important is discipline for studies? According to the author, it is discipline that According to the author, it is discipline that

gives substance to learning. There is no gives substance to learning. There is no shortcut in learning; it is only with persistence shortcut in learning; it is only with persistence and discipline that one can reach the very end and discipline that one can reach the very end and savor the full flavor of hard-won success.and savor the full flavor of hard-won success.


How do you understand the statement that “To learn…How do you understand the statement that “To learn…is to open oneself”(paragraph 8)?is to open oneself”(paragraph 8)?

It means one has to drop his prior knowledge so as to It means one has to drop his prior knowledge so as to absorb new knowledge.if he refuses to do so, the old absorb new knowledge.if he refuses to do so, the old knowledge may hinder the assimilation of new knowledge may hinder the assimilation of new knowledge/framework. It also implies that one should knowledge/framework. It also implies that one should learn to appreciate constructive criticism, for if he learn to appreciate constructive criticism, for if he constantly fails to take criticism, he can never know constantly fails to take criticism, he can never know where his weakness lies or grow out of it .where his weakness lies or grow out of it .


Comprehensive questions (6)Comprehensive questions (6)

What do you think the author mean by saying What do you think the author mean by saying “listen with your whole body”? (paragraph 10)“listen with your whole body”? (paragraph 10)

““listen with your whole body” is , in other listen with your whole body” is , in other words, getting yourself fully activated both words, getting yourself fully activated both cognitively and physically. That is to say, you cognitively and physically. That is to say, you have to be extremely attentive to what the have to be extremely attentive to what the teacher says instead of letting your mind wander teacher says instead of letting your mind wander and keeping your body inert.and keeping your body inert.

Comprehensive questions (7)Comprehensive questions (7)

You may disagree with some of the author’s You may disagree with some of the author’s views in the text, for example, you may think it views in the text, for example, you may think it sounds too idealistic for the teacher to encourage sounds too idealistic for the teacher to encourage students to take risks in academic studies, or that students to take risks in academic studies, or that teachers should take a main role in the learning teachers should take a main role in the learning process. Express your views and discuss them in process. Express your views and discuss them in groups. groups.

Language points of Text ( 1 )ⅠLanguage points of Text ( 1 )Ⅰ 11 ．． Partake (often humorous)to eat or Partake (often humorous)to eat or

drinkdrink ，， especially something offeredespecially something offered “ “Would you care to partake of a little wine Would you care to partake of a little wine

with us?”with us?” “ “NoNo ，， thank you I don’t thank you I don’t

partakepartake ．”．” (=don’t drink alcohol)(=don’t drink alcohol) In the passageIn the passage ．“．“ partake” is figuratively partake” is figuratively

used to mean“ to draw on or rise as one wishes used to mean“ to draw on or rise as one wishes (the teachers’ repositories of skill and (the teachers’ repositories of skill and knowledge )knowledge ) ．”．”

22 ．． At will (formal)as one wishesAt will (formal)as one wishes You can use my car at will(=anytime you wanYou can use my car at will(=anytime you wan

t to)t to) ．． cfcf ．． with a will energeticallywith a will energetically ；； with eager inwith eager in

terestterest They worked with a will and had cleared a patThey worked with a will and had cleared a pat

h by 9h by 9 ：： OO aOO a ．． mm ．．

Language points of Text ( 2 )ⅠLanguage points of Text ( 2 )Ⅰ

to feel weighted: to feel unhappy and anxiousto feel weighted: to feel unhappy and anxious 44 ．． Nobel Prize—winning physician Albert SzeNobel Prize—winning physician Albert Sze

nt—Gyorgyi put it well when he saidnt—Gyorgyi put it well when he said ．．．．．． Put : to sayPut : to say ；； to express…in wordsto express…in words She wanted to tell her parents that she was plannShe wanted to tell her parents that she was plann

ing to live on her owning to live on her own ，， but she didn't know hobut she didn't know how to put itw to put it

Everyone should have a chance to put their poinEveryone should have a chance to put their point of viewt of view


disciplinediscipline (1)training(1)training ，， especially of the mind and charaespecially of the mind and chara

ctercter ，， aimed at producing self-controlaimed at producing self-control ．． obeobediencedience ，， etcetc ．．

Any discipline—but especially those with grAny discipline—but especially those with great subtlety and complexityeat subtlety and complexity ，， like yoga orlike yoga or

T’ai chi—call be a lifelong pursuitT’ai chi—call be a lifelong pursuit ．． Yoga is a good discipline for learning to relaYoga is a good discipline for learning to rela

xx ．．


(2)the quality of being able to behave in a (2)the quality of being able to behave in a strictly controlled way which involves strictly controlled way which involves obeyingobeying

particular rules or standardsparticular rules or standards PersistencePersistence ，， consistencyconsistency ，， and discipline and discipline

are requiredare required ．． The test—takers showed perfect discipline The test—takers showed perfect discipline

during the examinationduring the examination


(3)a branch of knowledge(3)a branch of knowledge ：： a subject of studya subject of study If we can look at our chosen discipline or craft If we can look at our chosen discipline or craft

as ail ongoing process rather than as a discrete as ail ongoing process rather than as a discrete accomplishmentaccomplishment ，， the potential for learning can the potential for learning can be infinitebe infinite ．．

I am working for people from a wide range of I am working for people from a wide range of scientific disciplinesscientific disciplines


Without these, our learning is but froth without Without these, our learning is but froth without substance.substance.

But (informal) onlyBut (informal) only She is but a beginner.She is but a beginner. One cannot but do something.= one can only One cannot but do something.= one can only

do something.do something. I could not but admit that you were right and I I could not but admit that you were right and I

was wrong.was wrong.

LanguageLanguage pointspoints of Text ( 7 )Ⅰ of Text ( 7 )Ⅰ

Compare discrete with discreet.Compare discrete with discreet. The two words are frequently confused due to The two words are frequently confused due to

their similarity in pronunciation and spelling.their similarity in pronunciation and spelling. These small companies now have their own These small companies now have their own

discrete (=independent, separate) identity.discrete (=independent, separate) identity. We must be extremely discreet (=careful in what We must be extremely discreet (=careful in what

we do and say); the police suspect something.we do and say); the police suspect something.


Live up to : to behave in accordance with( what Live up to : to behave in accordance with( what is expected); to achieve or keep (high standards)is expected); to achieve or keep (high standards)

Did the concert live up to your expectations? Did the concert live up to your expectations? (was it as good as you had expected?)(was it as good as you had expected?)

You disappointed us by failing to live up to your You disappointed us by failing to live up to your principles.principles.


ApproachApproach n. way of dealing with a thing or personn. way of dealing with a thing or person

a new approach to foreign language teachinga new approach to foreign language teaching

Kelly is always very logical in her approach (= Kelly is always very logical in her approach (= the way she deals with things)the way she deals with things)


v. to begin to consider or deal withv. to begin to consider or deal with

There are quite a few ways of approaching the There are quite a few ways of approaching the problem.problem.

I must tell her that I can’t go to her wedding I must tell her that I can’t go to her wedding ceremony, but I don’t quite know how to ceremony, but I don’t quite know how to approach the subject.approach the subject.


PrecedencePrecedence the condition of being dealt with before other things or the condition of being dealt with before other things or

of being consideredof being considered more important than other thingsmore important than other things Business people often think that fluency and Business people often think that fluency and

communication takecommunication take ／／ have precedence over grammar have precedence over grammar when speakingwhen speaking ．．

Let’s deal with the question in order of precedence(=the Let’s deal with the question in order of precedence(=the important ones first)·important ones first)·


Related words areRelated words are ：： precede v. precedent n. pprecede v. precedent n. precedented a. unprecedented nrecedented a. unprecedented n

PrecedePrecede: to come or go before something in ti: to come or go before something in timeme ，， orderorder ，， rankrank ，， etcetc

Bill Clinton preceded George WBill Clinton preceded George W ．． Bush as PBush as President of the United States·resident of the United States·

PrecedentPrecedent: earlier decision: earlier decision ，， casecase ，， eventevent ，，etc that is regarded as an example or rule for wetc that is regarded as an example or rule for what comes later hat comes later


to createto create ／／ establishestablish ／／ setset ／／ serve as a precedent for somethinserve as a precedent for somethingg

The Queen has broken with precedent by sending her children The Queen has broken with precedent by sending her children to ordinary schools.to ordinary schools.

Precedented: Precedented: having or supposed by a precedenthaving or supposed by a precedent It was a decision not precedented in English lawIt was a decision not precedented in English law UnprecedentedUnprecedented : without precedent : without precedent ；； never having happenednever having happened ，，

been done or been known beforebeen done or been known before a situation unprecedented in the history of the towna situation unprecedented in the history of the town The twentieth century witnessed environmental destruction on alThe twentieth century witnessed environmental destruction on al

l unprecedented scale.l unprecedented scale.


Prior : coming or planned before She was unable to attend the reception because of a

prior engagement (=before she was invited to the reception ， she had arranged to do something else which would prevent her from going to the reception) ．

Prior to: (formal)before The contract will be signed prior to the ceremony ． There at-e plenty of arrangements to make prior to

departure·


Pitfall: a mistake that may easily be madePitfall: a mistake that may easily be made The English numbers and figures provide The English numbers and figures provide

many pitfalls for Chinese learners·many pitfalls for Chinese learners· Can forward planning help avoid stressful Can forward planning help avoid stressful

pitfalls?pitfalls?


Complacency: (disapproving)a feeling of calm satisfaction with Complacency: (disapproving)a feeling of calm satisfaction with one’s own abilities or situation that prevents one from trying one’s own abilities or situation that prevents one from trying harderharder

What worries the principle about these students is their What worries the principle about these students is their complacency—they seem to have no desire to expand their complacency—they seem to have no desire to expand their horizonshorizons

I see no reason for the government’s complacencyI see no reason for the government’s complacency complacent complacent aa.. I dislike his complacent attitudeI dislike his complacent attitude ／／ smilesmile complacently complacently adad ．． I dislike it when he smiles complacentlyI dislike it when he smiles complacently ．．


correspondencecorrespondence The act of exchange letters; the letters The act of exchange letters; the letters

exchanged between people. exchanged between people. to take / do a correspondence course (= a to take / do a correspondence course (= a

course of lessons in which information and course of lessons in which information and work are exchanged by post ) work are exchanged by post )

The authoress seldom mentions her The authoress seldom mentions her renowned husband in her correspondencerenowned husband in her correspondence


Correspondent Correspondent 1) a person with whom another person 1) a person with whom another person

exchanges letters regularlyexchanges letters regularly 2) a newspaper or television reporter, especially 2) a newspaper or television reporter, especially

one who specializes in a particular type of news one who specializes in a particular type of news A war/ diplomatic/health/environment A war/ diplomatic/health/environment

correspondentcorrespondent


go out of one’s way ( to do something ) go out of one’s way ( to do something ) To take the trouble to do something; to make a To take the trouble to do something; to make a

special effort, especially in spite of difficultiesspecial effort, especially in spite of difficulties She was very kind of us and seemed to go out She was very kind of us and seemed to go out

of her way to help us.of her way to help us. They went out of their way to make things They went out of their way to make things

difficult for their rivals. difficult for their rivals.


Some other verb phrases formed with” go” and “ Some other verb phrases formed with” go” and “ way” : go a long way towards something/ doing way” : go a long way towards something/ doing something, go one’s own way, go somebody’s something, go one’s own way, go somebody’s way.way.

go a long way towards something / doing go a long way towards something / doing somethingsomething

To help greatly in achieving something To help greatly in achieving something The government’s measures went a long way The government’s measures went a long way

towards solving the housing problemstowards solving the housing problems


go one’s own waygo one’s own way To act independently or as one chooses, To act independently or as one chooses,

especially against the advice of othersespecially against the advice of others Redmond is a loner, whatever you suggest, he Redmond is a loner, whatever you suggest, he

goes his own way. goes his own way.


go somebody’s waygo somebody’s way (1) to travel in the same direction as somebody (1) to travel in the same direction as somebody I’m going her way so I can give her a life. I’m going her way so I can give her a life. (2) ( of events, etc.) be favorable to somebody (2) ( of events, etc.) be favorable to somebody We are so glad that things certainly seem to be We are so glad that things certainly seem to be

going our way.going our way.


commitment commitment 1[countable] a promise to do something or to b1[countable] a promise to do something or to b

ehave in a particular way(ehave in a particular way( 承诺承诺 )) Are you ready to make a long-term commitmeAre you ready to make a long-term commitme

nt ? nt ? commitment tocommitment to Our company has a commitment to quality and Our company has a commitment to quality and

customer service.customer service.


2[uncountable] the hard work and loyalty that so2[uncountable] the hard work and loyalty that someone gives to an organization, activity etc meone gives to an organization, activity etc （致力）（致力）

I was impressed by the energy and commitment I was impressed by the energy and commitment shown by the players.shown by the players.

commitment tocommitment to Her commitment to work is beyond question.Her commitment to work is beyond question.


Cumulative ( also accumulative)Cumulative ( also accumulative) Cumulative interest payable on debtCumulative interest payable on debt The cumulative effect of using so many The cumulative effect of using so many

chemicals on the land could be disastrous.chemicals on the land could be disastrous.


BadgerBadger To repeatedly tell (somebody) to do something To repeatedly tell (somebody) to do something

or ask (somebody) questionsor ask (somebody) questions The little girl badgered her father into buying The little girl badgered her father into buying

her a pony.her a pony. The reporters were requested to stop badgering The reporters were requested to stop badgering

the chairman with questions.the chairman with questions.


at handat hand formalformal a) likely to happen soona) likely to happen soon Recent economic performance suggests that a major Recent economic performance suggests that a major

crisis is at hand.crisis is at hand. b) close to you and available to be usedb) close to you and available to be used Don't worry, help is at hand !Don't worry, help is at hand ! c) needing to be dealt with nowc) needing to be dealt with now Peter turned his attention to the task at hand.Peter turned his attention to the task at hand.


Grammatical items ( 1 )Grammatical items ( 1 )

Note the use of the italicized parts in the following Note the use of the italicized parts in the following sentences.sentences.

Here, the infinitive clause and the –ing participle cHere, the infinitive clause and the –ing participle clause function as the subject of the sentence.lause function as the subject of the sentence.

Student Book P130Student Book P130

Complete the following sentences using the Complete the following sentences using the appropriate forms of the verbs givenappropriate forms of the verbs given

1. _______ (be) very poor can make one very 1. _______ (be) very poor can make one very unhappy.unhappy.

2. It is easier _______(say) beautiful words than 2. It is easier _______(say) beautiful words than ________( do) beautiful deeds.________( do) beautiful deeds.

3. ________(hear) the other side of the story 3. ________(hear) the other side of the story would be interesting.would be interesting.

Grammar exercises ( 1 )Grammar exercises ( 1 )

Being

to say

to doHearing

4. ________( complete) the novel in three 4. ________( complete) the novel in three months was a great achievement.months was a great achievement.

5. It’s better ______ (be) sure than sorry.5. It’s better ______ (be) sure than sorry. 6. It is easy ______ (be) wise after the event.6. It is easy ______ (be) wise after the event. 7. It is pleasant ______ (sit) by the fire at night 7. It is pleasant ______ (sit) by the fire at night

and _____ ( hear) the wind _____ ( howl) and _____ ( hear) the wind _____ ( howl) outside.outside.


To complete

to be

to be

to sit

to hear to howl

8. ________ (tease) animals is cruel.8. ________ (tease) animals is cruel. 9.________ ( play) football is his only pastime.9.________ ( play) football is his only pastime. 10.___________(learn) to ride a bicycle is not as 10.___________(learn) to ride a bicycle is not as

easy as it looks.easy as it looks.


Teasing

Playing

Learning

Rewrite the underlined parts of the following sRewrite the underlined parts of the following sentences with the infinitive,- ing participle or –entences with the infinitive,- ing participle or –ed participle.ed participle.

1. Will the people 1. Will the people who are sitting at the backwho are sitting at the back p please move forward?lease move forward?

Sitting at the backSitting at the back


2 . It is advisable 2 . It is advisable that you should do as you are told.that you should do as you are told. for you to do as you are toldfor you to do as you are told 3. She was the first woman 3. She was the first woman who swam across the who swam across the

Channel.Channel. To swim across the ChannelTo swim across the Channel 4. I was astonished 4. I was astonished when I heard that he had already left when I heard that he had already left

the company.the company. To hear that he had already left the companyTo hear that he had already left the company


5.If you want to open the window5.If you want to open the window, you have to , you have to climb a ladder.climb a ladder.

To open the windowTo open the window 6. He is not a man 6. He is not a man that we can trifle withthat we can trifle with.. To trifle withTo trifle with 7. Paul had no difficulty in finding the leak 7. Paul had no difficulty in finding the leak

because he was a qualified plumberbecause he was a qualified plumber.. Being a qualified plumber(, Paul had no Being a qualified plumber(, Paul had no

difficulty in finding the leak.)difficulty in finding the leak.)


8.This novel about the undersea war is the best of its 8.This novel about the undersea war is the best of its kind kind that has ever been written.that has ever been written.

ever writtenever written 9.9.When the job is left to himselfWhen the job is left to himself, he usually gets it done , he usually gets it done

quickly.quickly. Left to himselfLeft to himself 10.She searched everywhere 10.She searched everywhere and hoped to find the willand hoped to find the will.. Hoping to find the will (, she searched everywhere)Hoping to find the will (, she searched everywhere)


Exercises ( 1 )Exercises ( 1 )

Ⅰ Ⅰ. Explain the italicized part in each sentence in . Explain the italicized part in each sentence in your own words. your own words.

1. It is not knowing in the sense of having a rigid 1. It is not knowing in the sense of having a rigid opinion, opinion, but the ability to look again at another but the ability to look again at another time, in a different light,time, in a different light, as Szent-Gyorgyi as Szent-Gyorgyi suggests, and form a new understanding based suggests, and form a new understanding based on that observation.on that observation.

But the ability to view again at another time But the ability to view again at another time from a different perspective.from a different perspective.

2. With this attitude we may find ourselves 2. With this attitude we may find ourselves treating even the most mundane discovery treating even the most mundane discovery with wide-eyed wonder and joy.with wide-eyed wonder and joy.

With immense pleasant surpriseWith immense pleasant surprise ““Drop your prior knowledgeDrop your prior knowledge… attempt to … attempt to

grasp the new framework in its own context.”grasp the new framework in its own context.” Don’t let the knowledge you have acquired be Don’t let the knowledge you have acquired be

a hindrance to your learning of something a hindrance to your learning of something new.new.


3. “ Children enter school as question marks and 3. “ Children enter school as question marks and leave as periods”, observes educator Neil leave as periods”, observes educator Neil Postman.Postman.

When children come to school, nobody is sure When children come to school, nobody is sure how they will be, but when they leave school, how they will be, but when they leave school, they have developed their emotional attitude they have developed their emotional attitude towards life and formed their outlook towards towards life and formed their outlook towards the world.the world.

Exercises ( 3 ) Exercises ( 3 )

4. Successful students do not expect to 4. Successful students do not expect to be spoon-be spoon-fedfed, but take their own initiative., but take their own initiative.

Be provided with ready answers and ideas.Be provided with ready answers and ideas. 5. When we try different approaches and 5. When we try different approaches and do do

things that have no precedence in our things that have no precedence in our experienceexperience, we will surely make mistakes., we will surely make mistakes.

Do pioneering workDo pioneering work


He failed to give __________(substance) He failed to give __________(substance) reasons for his being absent from the meeting.reasons for his being absent from the meeting.

Driven by very strong_________(motivate), Driven by very strong_________(motivate), he has been working hard at English.he has been working hard at English.

He has been fully _________(commitment) to He has been fully _________(commitment) to the teaching and research of the classical the teaching and research of the classical music.music.

substantialsubstantial

motivationmotivation


committed

4. The club places rigid ________( restrictive) 4. The club places rigid ________( restrictive) on its membership.on its membership.

5. There is a ________(subtlety) difference 5. There is a ________(subtlety) difference between “egoism” and “individualism”.between “egoism” and “individualism”.

6.A cuckoo bird’s voice is so________( thrill) in 6.A cuckoo bird’s voice is so________( thrill) in winter, as it announces the advent of springtime.winter, as it announces the advent of springtime.

restrictionsrestrictions

subtlesubtle


thrilling

1. He has made a nuisance of himself, for he 1. He has made a nuisance of himself, for he often ___________________ to tease others.often ___________________ to tease others.

2. In the “ war craft” games, our troops 2. In the “ war craft” games, our troops ______________________ numerous defense ______________________ numerous defense lines of the enemy.lines of the enemy.

It is said that the entertainment will __________It is said that the entertainment will __________

a ballet entitled a ballet entitled The Swan LakeThe Swan Lake and a solo dance and a solo dance entitled entitled The Mermaid.The Mermaid.


goes out of the way

have been breaking through

committed

4. We should not only take over the lead, but a4. We should not only take over the lead, but also _________ it.lso _________ it.

5. I __________ following anyone’s instructio5. I __________ following anyone’s instructions blindly without your understanding of the ns blindly without your understanding of the true intention and real meaning.true intention and real meaning.

6. We ought to __________ the principles we 6. We ought to __________ the principles we have laid down.have laid down.

hold on to

object to


live up to

1. Now that I’ve finally 1. Now that I’ve finally handed inhanded in my thesis, I my thesis, I plan to take it easy for a while. plan to take it easy for a while. submitsubmit

2 . I would also need to 2 . I would also need to see tosee to the matter of the matter of costumes. costumes. take care oftake care of

3. The man were so 3. The man were so absorbed inabsorbed in their game that their game that they didn’t see us slip away. they didn’t see us slip away. attentive inattentive in


4. The poem was 4. The poem was dedicated todedicated to his mother. his mother. written in honor ofwritten in honor of 5. She had to 5. She had to face up toface up to the fact that she was the fact that she was

too old to play the romantic lead. too old to play the romantic lead. acceptaccept 6. We must be careful not to get 6. We must be careful not to get bogged downbogged down

in trifling detailin trifling detail. so involved. so involved


Translation exercisesTranslation exercises Translate each of the following sentences into Translate each of the following sentences into

English, using the word or phrase given in the English, using the word or phrase given in the bracket. Inflect the word or phrase where bracket. Inflect the word or phrase where necessary.necessary.


1. 1. 他的父母对他有很高的期望，他感到压力他的父母对他有很高的期望，他感到压力很大。（很大。（ feel weighted)feel weighted)

He felt heavily weighted with such high expectatHe felt heavily weighted with such high expectations from his parentsions from his parents ．．

2 2 他用积极的观点来解释这件事。他用积极的观点来解释这件事。 ( in …ligh( in …light)t)

He interpreted the incident in a favorable lightHe interpreted the incident in a favorable light ．．

Exercises ( 12)Exercises ( 12)

3. 3. 我很讨厌他，因为他经常特别喜欢诽谤我很讨厌他，因为他经常特别喜欢诽谤他人。（他人。（ go out of one’s way) go out of one’s way)

I detest him, for he often goes Out of his way tI detest him, for he often goes Out of his way to backbite otherso backbite others ．．

4.4. 许多宗教的教义敦促人们超越尘世的成许多宗教的教义敦促人们超越尘世的成功。功。

（（ mundanemundane ）） Many religious teachings urge people to transMany religious teachings urge people to trans

cend the mundane success.cend the mundane success.


5.5. 个人的主动性是促进事业发展的要素之一。个人的主动性是促进事业发展的要素之一。 (initiative)(initiative)

Personal initiative is one of the essential elementPersonal initiative is one of the essential elements in promoting your careers in promoting your career ．．

6.6. 我认为对学生施以填鸭式的教育不是一个我认为对学生施以填鸭式的教育不是一个好的教学方法。（好的教学方法。（ spoon-feed)spoon-feed)

I don’t think it is a good method of teaching to sI don’t think it is a good method of teaching to spoon—feed studentspoon—feed students


7. 7. 我将全力以赴在下个月之前完成这项任我将全力以赴在下个月之前完成这项任务，因为我不想有不遵守诺言的污名。（务，因为我不想有不遵守诺言的污名。（ ststigmaigma ））

I will spare no efforts to accomplish the task bI will spare no efforts to accomplish the task by the end of the next monthy the end of the next month ．． for I don’t want for I don’t want to suffer from the stigma of having broken my to suffer from the stigma of having broken my promisepromise


8. 8. 我得到了许多教育方面新政策相关的信息。我得到了许多教育方面新政策相关的信息。（（ pertinentpertinent ））

I’ve got much information pertinent to the new pI’ve got much information pertinent to the new policies in educationolicies in education ．．


Text ⅡText ⅡThe Art of AcknowledgementThe Art of Acknowledgement

Comprehension questions of Text ( 1 ⅡComprehension questions of Text ( 1 Ⅱ) )

Questions:Questions: 1. why does the author say that when hubris 1. why does the author say that when hubris

rises, nemesis falls?rises, nemesis falls? 2. Why was Dr. Jacob considered as the most 2. Why was Dr. Jacob considered as the most

brilliant and exciting teacher the author had brilliant and exciting teacher the author had ever experienced?ever experienced?

3. What is the major difference between a 3. What is the major difference between a bright show-off and a serious student?bright show-off and a serious student?

4. How is it described when one is 4. How is it described when one is acknowledged by another in time of confusion, acknowledged by another in time of confusion, loss, disorientation and disheartenment?loss, disorientation and disheartenment?

5. Why is acknowledgement and art from?5. Why is acknowledgement and art from?

Comprehension questions of Text ( 2 ⅡComprehension questions of Text ( 2 Ⅱ))

1. When she was so confident, arrogant and 1. When she was so confident, arrogant and even rude without much guilt, several even rude without much guilt, several disastrous events happened to her. Three disastrous events happened to her. Three members of her immediate family died. A members of her immediate family died. A friend she had much affection for died and her friend she had much affection for died and her friends drifted apart from her.friends drifted apart from her.

Comprehension questions of TextComprehension questions of Text( 3 )Ⅱ( 3 )Ⅱ

2. She displayed European academic wizardry, 2. She displayed European academic wizardry, answered the questions raised by the author with answered the questions raised by the author with intensity and challenged the author with intensity and challenged the author with intellectually vigorous questions and above all, intellectually vigorous questions and above all, he acknowledged the author when she most he acknowledged the author when she most needed it. Now students are supposed to talk needed it. Now students are supposed to talk about one or two teachers they have selected.about one or two teachers they have selected.

Comprehension questions of TextComprehension questions of Text( 4 )Ⅱ( 4 )Ⅱ

Comprehension questions of TextComprehension questions of Text( 5)Ⅱ( 5)Ⅱ

3. The former tends to display superficial 3. The former tends to display superficial learning to draw attention or satisfy his vanity learning to draw attention or satisfy his vanity while the latter exerts himself to acquire new while the latter exerts himself to acquire new knowledge and explore the unknown area.knowledge and explore the unknown area.

4. One is given time and place in the sunshine as 4. One is given time and place in the sunshine as the acknowledgement granted to him is the solar the acknowledgement granted to him is the solar stimulus for transformation.stimulus for transformation.

It is based on deep psychological reciprocity and It is based on deep psychological reciprocity and shows the skill of mutual transformation.shows the skill of mutual transformation.

Oral Activities ( 1 )Oral Activities ( 1 )

1. Do you agree with the author that “ to be a 1. Do you agree with the author that “ to be a student is to take risks”( paragraph 6)? Which “ student is to take risks”( paragraph 6)? Which “ punctuation mark” do you resemble now? and punctuation mark” do you resemble now? and what necessary adjustments do you think should what necessary adjustments do you think should be made to the present educational system and be made to the present educational system and teaching methods so as to encourage risk-teaching methods so as to encourage risk-taking? Discuss in groups.taking? Discuss in groups.

2. What do you think education would be like in the 2. What do you think education would be like in the future? Will there be any drastic changes like there future? Will there be any drastic changes like there will be more electronic “teachers” than human will be more electronic “teachers” than human teachers in the future? What would remain teachers in the future? What would remain unchanged? Consider the purpose of education, the unchanged? Consider the purpose of education, the qualities and skills essential for learning in the future, qualities and skills essential for learning in the future, the learning style, and the length of education. Also the learning style, and the length of education. Also consider the teacher’s role, teaching facilities, consider the teacher’s role, teaching facilities, teaching styles, etc. in the future. Discuss in groups, teaching styles, etc. in the future. Discuss in groups, and then report to the whole class.and then report to the whole class.

Oral Activities ( 2 )Oral Activities ( 2 )

Writing PracticeWriting Practice

Write a composition on the following topic. Write a composition on the following topic. Your composition should be around 300 words. Your composition should be around 300 words. Remember to write neatly.Remember to write neatly.

Some people think children of different abilities Some people think children of different abilities should be educated together because it benefits should be educated together because it benefits everyone. Others hold that intelligent children everyone. Others hold that intelligent children should be taught separately and given special should be taught separately and given special treatment. What is your opinion?treatment. What is your opinion?

Good bye!Good bye!

Documents

Unit 9 On Becoming a Better Student. Contents Pre-reading questions Pre-reading questions Pre-reading questions Background information Background