UNIT 7CHAPTER 23 – THE FRENCH REVOLUTION & NAPOLEON

THE FRENCH REVOLUTION

Napoleon Bonaparte crossing the Great Saint Bernard pass in 1801. Painting, Jacques Louis David.

CHAPTER 23The French Revolution and Napoleon,1789–1815

The French Revolution establishes a new political order, Napoleon Bonaparte gains and loses an empire, and European states forge a balance of power.

SECTION 1

SECTION 2SECTION 3

SECTION 4

The French Revolution Begins

Revolution Brings Reform and Terror

Napoleon Forges an Empire Napoleon’s Empire Collapses

SECTION 5 The Congress of Vienna

OBJECTIVES CORE OBJECTIVE: Analyze the French Revolution, the rise and fall of Napoleon, and the Congress of Vienna.

• Objective 7.3: Summarize how Napoleon restored order in France.

CHAPTER 23 SECTION 3

NAPOLEON FORGES AN EMPIRE

Napoleon Bonaparte, a military genius, seizes power in France and makes himself

emperor.

NAPOLEON IS FROM CORSICA• Born in 1769

• He is 5’3”

• Sent to military school at age 9

• Graduated military school at age 16, becomes military officer

• In his early 20’s during the Revolution

NAPOLEON’S RISE Early Life

• Napoleon Bonaparte — attends Ecole military school in Paris (West Point), joins army, was mocked for height and accent

Hero of the Hour• In 1795, Napoleon defeats royalist rebels attacking National

Convention – becomes hero• Napoleon wins stunning victories in Italy, gaining popularity• News of his defeats in Egypt is suppressed

Coup d’État• In November 1799, he carries out coup d’état — seizure of

power; becomes dictator• Coup d’etat means “blow to the state” in French• Napoleon defeats Brits, Russians, Austrians who join forces against him

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POSITIVE CHANGES

Vote of Approval• New constitution is approved through plebiscite — vote of

the people

Restoring Order at Home• To fix economy, he sets up national banking system, efficient tax

collection, dismissed corrupt officials• Establishes lycées — government-run public schools to train

officials• Signs concordat — agreement — with pope restoring Catholicism in

France• Creates Napoleonic Code — uniform system of laws • In December 1804, Napoleon crowns himself emperor of France

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FRENCH GROWTH Loss of American Territories

• In 1801, Napoleon attempts to retake colony of Saint Domingue but fails

• Gives up on the Americas and concentrates on Europe

• Sells the Louisiana Territory to United States for $15 million in 1803

Conquering Europe• Britain, Russia, Austria, Sweden join

forces against Napoleon• Napoleon crushes enemy forces in

several brilliant battles• Napoleon forces Austria, Russia,

Sweden to sign peace treaties in 1802 – France is finally at peace!

EMPIRE BUILDING The Battle of Trafalgar

• In 1805, British win Battle of Trafalgar — ensures British naval superiority

- forces Napoleon to give up plan of invading Britain• Looks for another way to control Britain

The French Empire• Napoleon controls Europe except for Britain, Portugal, Sweden, Ottomans• Has puppet rulers in some countries, alliances with others• French Empire reaches largest extent from 1807 to 1812

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NAPOLEON’S EMPIRE —

ASSESSMENTLycees are?(A) A vote of the people(B) Peace treaties made by Napoleon(C) Napoleon’s system of laws(D) Government run public schools

What does Coup d’etat literally mean? (A) Without government(B) Blow to the state(C) Rule by few(D) State without vision

NAPOLEON’S EMPIRE —

ASSESSMENTLycees are?(A) A vote of the people(B) Peace treaties made by Napoleon(C) Napoleon’s system of laws(D) Government run public schools

What does Coup d’etat literally mean? (A) Without government(B) Blow to the state(C) Rule by few(D) State without vision

What did the concordat that Napoleon signed do?(A) Made peace in France for the first time in 10 years(B) Restored Catholicism in France(C) Created a new French Empire when he was crowned

emperor by the Pope(D) Officially ended the French Revolution

Which of these best describes an Emigre? (A) King Louis XVI using force to end the Revolution(B) Nobles fleeing France during peasant uprisings(C) The Third Estate creating the National Assembly(D) Peasants revolting against their manors for freedom

VOCABULARY ASSESSMENT

What did the concordat that Napoleon signed do?(A) Made peace in France for the first time in 10 years(B) Restored Catholicism in France(C) Created a new French Empire when he was crowned

emperor by the Pope(D) Officially ended the French Revolution

Which of these best describes an Emigre? (A) King Louis XVI using force to end the Revolution(B) Nobles fleeing France during peasant uprisings(C) The Third Estate creating the National Assembly(D) Peasants revolting against their manors for freedom

VOCABULARY ASSESSMENT

FRENCH REVOLUTION REWIND!

• CRASH COURSE REVIEW!• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lTTvKwCylFY&list

=PLBDA2E52FB1EF80C9&index=30