UNIT 7: 1930’sSPRING 2020

PPT #2

DAILY ESSENTIAL QUESTION:

How did President Roosevelt’s NEW

DEAL address problems of the Great

Depression and increase the power of

the federal government?

Hoover

State and local

governments and

private agencies

should provide

relief.

Roosevelt (FDR)

Leadership should

come from the

federal government.

Roosevelt won in a landslide

How did Hoover and Roosevelt differ during the 1932 election?

Approach to the Great Depression:

1. Roosevelt began with the bank crisis.

FDR declared a four-day bank holiday,

closing the banks so they could get their

accounts in order.

When the banks reopened, there were

no more runs on the banks.

2. In the first of many fireside chats on the radio, FDR

explained that his actions were to halt bank failures. Fireside

chats helped calm fears.

What were some of Roosevelt’s immediate actions when he took office?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YOPm4H2k81s Fireside Chat 1 min

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IMfhhdWK9Ec

Bank Holiday 2min

1. With the help of his “Brain Trust,” professionals

and academics, and his wife Eleanor Roosevelt,

Roosevelt planned government actions/laws to

deal with the depression.

2. The First New Deal - In his first 100 Days,

(1933) he proposed and Congress passed 15

bills that concentrated on Relief, Recovery, and

Reform programs. Included: FDIC, NRA, CCC,

PWA, AAA, TVA (see chart)

3. To pay for these, the federal government

borrowed money and went into debt. This is

called deficit spending. https://www.usdebtclock.org/

What was Roosevelt’s First New Deal?

What were some of

the problems?

What was the Second

New Deal?

In 1935, FDR

launched a new

campaign. It aimed

to extend social and

economic reforms

that would be more

long lasting.

It included the Works

Progress Administration and

the Social Security Act.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z4QUQzU5XEU

WPA government video 3.45 min

The New Deal established

the principle that the

federal government was/is

responsible for the welfare

of all Americans.

How did the New Deal lead to the rise of the

welfare state?

What are some examples of this today?

How did FDR and the New Deal change the nature of the presidency?

Overall: way more POWER!!

How did FDR and the New Deal change the nature of the presidency?

Overall: way more POWER!!

How did FDR and the New Deal change the nature of the presidency?

Overall: way more POWER!!

What was Court Packing and why did Congress strike it down?

1. The Supreme Court ruled that the AAA – Agricultural

Adjustment Act and the NRA – National Recovery

Administration were unconstitutional.

2. In response to that, FDR tried to increase the size of the

Supreme Court so that he could pack the court with

liberals who supported his programs. (aka “court-

packing”)

3. Congress did not vote to add members to the Supreme

Court because they felt FDR would have too much power.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6wjAwH_OOmI Court Packing 2.25 min

Was the New Deal successful?

1. The Depression did not end because of the New Deal

programs. It ended because of government spending

related to WWII. Greatly increased!

2. However, the New Deal is part of a pattern of reform

movements seen in US History. It was a continuation of the

Progressive Movement and a precursor to the Civil Rights

Movement.

3. The New Deal further recognized labor unions and

established a minimum wage and maximum hours for

workers. (These had been goals of previous reform

movements!)