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Unit 6:A Property of Matter
Inquiry Physics
www.inquiryphysics.org
Gravity Varies with Locationand
Mass Varies with Speed
Gravity Varies with Location
Chicagog = 9.803 m/s2
Gravity Varies with Location
North Poleg = 9.832 m/s2
Chicagog = 9.803 m/s2
100.3% of normal
Gravity Varies with Location
North Poleg = 9.832 m/s2
Chicagog = 9.803 m/s2
Panama Canalg = 9.782 m/s2
99.8% of normal
Gravity Varies with Location
North Poleg = 9.832 m/s2
Chicagog = 9.803 m/s2
Panama Canalg = 9.782 m/s2
Space station(242 miles up)g = 8.71 m/s2
88.9% of normal
Gravity Varies with Location
Earth surfaceg = 9.8 m/s2
Now we zoom away to show the Earth and moon scaled properly for their relative size and distance.
17% of Earth gravity
Moon surfaceg = 1.62 m/s2
We can show the relative sizes of the planets, but not their relative distances on this scale.
Mercury & Marsg = 3.7 m/s2
38% of Earth
Jupiterg = 24.8 m/s2 250% of Earth
Venusg = 8.9 m/s2
90% of Earth
Saturng = 9.0 m/s2
91% of Earth
Uranusg = 8.7 m/s2 89% of Earth
Neptuneg = 11.1 m/s2 110% of Earth
Pluto (dwarf planet)
g = 0.58 m/s2 6% of Earth
Einstein’s Special Theory of Relativity
As relative speed increases…As relative speed increases…
Objects contract (become narrower) Objects contract (become narrower) in the direction of motion.in the direction of motion.
Time as measured by the moving Time as measured by the moving object slows down relative to things object slows down relative to things at at restrest The mass of the moving object The mass of the moving object increasesincreases
Mass Varies with Speed
Relative Speed: 0 m/s0 m/s; 0 mi/h 0 mi/hMass increase: 0%0%
Fluffy at rest.
Mass Varies with Speed
Relative Speed: 238 m/s238 m/s; 600 mi/h 600 mi/hMass increase: below calculator’s limitsbelow calculator’s limits
Fast civilian plane:
Cessna Citation X
Mass Varies with Speed
Relative Speed: 980 m/s 980 m/s; 2193 mi/h 2193 mi/hMass increase: 0.000000000001%0.000000000001%
Fast military plane:
Lockheed SR-71A Blackbird
Mass Varies with Speed
Relative Speed: 11,082 m/s11,082 m/s; 24,790 24,790 mi/hmi/h
Mass increase: 0.00000000068%0.00000000068%
Fastest manned vehicle:
Apollo 10 capsule upon re-entry
Mass Varies with Speed
Relative Speed: 67,056 m/s67,056 m/s; 150,000 150,000 mi/hmi/h
Mass increase: 0.000000025%0.000000025%
Fastest large manmade object:
Helios 2 Solar Probe
Mass Varies with Speed
Relative Speed: 0 m/s0 m/s; 0/h 0/h
Mass increase: 0%%
Okay, let’s go crazy and see what it would theoretically look like from aboard Star Trek’s USS Enterprise as it approaches light speed. Here’s the normal view.
Mass Varies with Speed
Relative Speed: 150,000,000 m/s150,000,000 m/s; 335,540,000 335,540,000 mi/hmi/h
Mass increase: 16%%
At half the speed of light (0.5 c) we start to notice star clustering at the front of the ship due to the optical effects of space distortion.
Mass Varies with Speed
Relative Speed: 225,000,000 m/s225,000,000 m/s; 503,310,000 503,310,000 mi/hmi/h
Mass increase: 51%%
Here’s the view at 0.75 c
Mass Varies with SpeedMass Varies with Speed
Relative Speed: 297,000,000 m/s297,000,000 m/s; 664,370,000 664,370,000 mi/hmi/h
Mass increase: 600%600%
At the view at 0.99 c.
Mass Varies with SpeedMass Varies with Speed
Relative Speed: >299,792,458 m/s >299,792,458 m/s; >670,616,629 mi/h>670,616,629 mi/h
Mass increase: ∞
Sorry, but the “warp drive” that makes the ship go faster than light is broken, since the ship’s mass has become infinite and time has stopped.
Inquiry Physics
www.inquiryphysics.org
All images used under the “educational fair use” provisions of copyright law.
This presentation is Creative Commons licensed for free distribution for
non-commercial use when attributed to Granger Meador
