Unit 5 Exam Speed Review

Obj: Compare Components of Blood

BLOOD – the only fluid tissue

PLASMA (55%)

WHITE BLOOD CELLS & PLATELETS (Less than 1%)

RED BLOOD CELLS (45%)

FORMED ELEMENTS• Red Blood Cells• White Blood Cells• Platelets

Component Function/Info

PLASMA 55%, made up mostly of water, liquid part of blood

WHITE BLOOD CELLS (LEUKOCYTE)

Less than 1% (w/ platelets); fight infection

PLATELETS Less than 1 % (w/ WBC); clot blood

RED BLOOD CELLS (ERYTHROCYTE)

45%, carry oxygen to tissues

Hematocrit = % of RBC in body

Obj: Describe Blood Types

A = only A antigensB = only B antigensAB = A & B antigensO = neither A nor B antigens

O = Universal Donor

AB = Universal Recipient

If someone does not receive proper blood during a transfusion:–It creates an immune response

• A person’s kidneys could shut down• The person could get a fever, nausea or

vomit

–Blood clumps (agglutination)• Can clog blood vessels

Phenotype Genotype

A AA or AO

B BB or BO

AB AB

O OO

A woman with blood type A (genotype AO) and a man with blood type AB (genotype AB) are going to have a baby. What are the possible blood types of the baby?

A O

A AA AO

B AB BO

A = 50%B = 25 %AB = 25%O = 0%

Obj: Label Heart Anatomy

LEFT ATRIUM

RIGHT ATRIUM

LEFT VENTRICLERIGHT

VENTRICLE

MITRALTRICUSPID

PULMONIC

RA

RV

LA

LV

AORTIC

AORTA

SUPERIOR VC

Pulmonary veins

INFERIOR VC

RA

RV

LA

LV

Pulmonary arteries

Obj: Explain the circulatory system

Blood Vessel Name

Direction of blood flow

Usual Color of blood

Why

Arteries

Veins

Away from heart

Towards heart

Red

Blue

Blood is oxygenated

Blood is unoxygenated

Pulmonic Circuit

Circulation of blood flow from the R side of to lungs to L side of

** Pulmonic = lungs!

Systemic Circuit

Circulation of blood flow from the L side of to tissues in rest of body to R side of

Blood Flow Through the Circulatory System

Tissues in rest

of body

P Veins

LAMV

LV

AVAorta

PA

PV

RV

SVC & IVC

RA

TVBLOODFLOW THROUGH THE HEART

Copy your class created flowchart into the one provided below. Use abbreviations (ex: Left Atrium = LA). When finished, use a red and blue colored pencil to indicate by outlining the box if blood flowing through

here is oxygenated (red) or unoxygenated (blue).

Obj: Describe the dangers of high blood pressure

Vital Signs

Taken to measure how the body is functioning

1. Temperature2. Respiratory Rate (breathing rate)3. Pulse4. Blood Pressure

PulseThe pulse you feel when placing two fingers on

your wrist is your left ventricle contracting or squeezing.

Blood Pressure

_____________120

80

SYSTOLIC

DIASTOLIC

100 or below = low (hypotension)101-139 = normal140 or above = high (hypertension)

Dangers of High Blood Pressure

• Low life expectancy• Heart Attack• Stroke• Headaches• Weakened heart• Dizziness• Sweating

Obj: Explain how the heart beats

Your heartbeat can be heard as a “Lub-dub” sound.

The first heart sound (Lub) is caused by the mitral and tricuspid valves closing.

The second heart sound (dub) is caused by the aortic and pulmonic valves closing.

Heart Murmurs• Sounds like a

swishing sound with the Lub dub sound.

• Caused by a valve not closing tightly or a hole in the septum

Obj: Characterize heart diseases/disorders

Cardiac Arrest

• When circulation completely stops to the rest of the body

• There is no pulse because the heart is not pumping blood

• Drug overdosing can cause someone to go into cardiac arrest

Heart Attacks

• A blood vessel becomes blocked and interrupts blood flow to the heart, causing heart muscle to die.

• A fatty material called plaque (plak) builds up over many years on the inside walls of the coronary arteries

Enlarged Heart

• Enlarged heart tells you that the heart is being overworked.

• This can mean there is something wrong with the heart anatomically

• Or there is too much physical pressure on the heart

Stroke• Blood supply to brain is interrupted• Brain cannot get oxygen• FAST = acronym to help diagnose if

person is having a stroke

GOOD LUCK!!

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