Unit 5

Cruelty

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1. Leading-in2. Text Analysis3. Language Points4. Presentation and Exercises

Text A A Friend in Need

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Lead-in

Background InformationDiscussion

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William Somerset Maugham William Somerset Maugham,

born in Paris, was an English author. He was orphaned at 10 and sent to live with his uncle, a vicar. Maugham was well known as an expert storyteller and a master of fiction technique.

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Although he later studied medicine at Heidelberg University in Germany, he never practiced, having decided at an early age to devote himself to literature.

His masterpiece, the partly autobio-graphical novel Of Human Bondage appeared in 1915, a story of the painful growth to self-realization of a lonely, sensitive young physician with a clubfoot.

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（日本）神户

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日本横滨

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Discussion

1. Why do some people tend to be heartless and cruel? Were they born that way or did circumstances harden them?

2. Do some people care too much for people in general and forget the needs of their closest friends?

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Text Analysis

Part Division

Comprehension

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Part Division

Parts Paragraphs

Main Ideas

Part 1

Par. 1 It’s no easy job to judge people, for they aren’t always what they appear to be.

Part 2

Par. 2-3 The general impression of Burton, a kind, graceful, wealthy merchant.

Part 3

Par. 4-51 From Burton’s lips, the narrator got to know his real nature, a man of two faces.

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Comprehension

1. Does the narrator think that our first impressions of a person are always right? Why or why not?

2. What was Edward Burton by profession? How did he look?

3. What struck the narrator most about Edward Burton?

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4. Who was Lenny Burton? How did Edward Burton get to know him?

5. How did Edward respond to his request?

6. What impact did the ending have on you?

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Language Points

Vocabulary

Sentences

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deceptive: likely to deceive; misleadingdeceptively adv. deceptiveness n.

Appearances are deceptive.The newspapers promised not to run

deceptive ads in the future. The company was charged with deceptive

advertising for a number of products.

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wrinkle: tighten the skin of the face into lines or folds

The woman was forty, but looked fifty. Her cheeks were sunken and her skin was wrinkled and yellow.

The skin on her cheeks and around her eyes was beginning to wrinkle.

My dress wrinkles easily.

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transparent: allowing light to pass through so that objects behind can be seen clearly

The cup is made of transparent colored plastic.

Transparent plastic is often used for packaging foods, enabling the consumer to see the product inside.

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trim: v. defeated; make (sth.) neat or smooth by cutting away irregular parts

They were trimmed by 3goals to 2. My friend trimmed my hair last week.

n. in good trim. 状况很好 Grass shears are specially made to trim grass gro

wing in awkward places.

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current: continuous flow of water or air in a particular direction

Swimming against the current is energy-consuming.

Under normal conditions, the ocean currents of tropical Pacific travel from east to west.

I felt a current of cool air blowing in my face.

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constitution: condition of a person’s body with regarded to health, strength, etc.

A boxer must have a strong constitution. Having been ill for several years, he has a particularly fragile constitution.n. 宪法 ; 法规 According to the American Constitution, President

ial elections are held every four years.This is an unwritten constitution

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trifle: a thing, a matter or an activity that has little value or trifles

My daughter always wastes her money on trifles.

The couple often quarreled about some petty trifle connected with the housework.

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candid: not hiding one’s thoughts; frank and honest (followed by about, with)

Let me be absolutely candid with you: your work is not good enough.

Nancy is candid about the problems she is having with Steve.

Other usage: a candid snapshot. 一张偷拍的快照

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stroke: pass the hand gently over (a surface ), usu. several times

At the sight of her husband getting off the train, the woman walked forward and embraced him and stroked his white hair.

I reached out and stroked the baby’s cheek tenderly.

Other usages: at the stroke of midnight.午夜钟声 a stroke of lightning. 一个闪电

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rub: move one’s hand, an object, etc. backwards and forwards repeatedly on a surface while pressing

Coat the shoes with polish, then rub hard with a soft cloth to give a shine.

He looked tired and sat rubbing his eyes.

Other usage: To irritate; annoy:e.g. His laziness was beginning to rub me.

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Sentences

For my own part I find that the longer I know people the more they puzzle me. (L4)

1. What does “for my own part” mean?

It means “as far as I am concerned”.

2. Translate this sentence into Chinese.

拿我自己来说，我发现，认识一个人的时间越长，我就越感到困惑。

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Unless I had heard the story from his own lips, I should never have believed that he was capable of such an action. (L9)

Paraphrase this sentence.If I hadn’t heard the story told by himself, I sh

ould never have believed that he could do such a thing.

This is a subjunctive mood.

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Here if ever was a man all of a piece. (L13)

1. Paraphrase this sentence.

Here if there ever was a man who is the same as he looks like.

2. Translate the sentence into Chinese.

要说真有表里如一的人的话，那就是此公了。

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He played a good game and a generous one. (L20)

Paraphrase the sentence.

He played well and did it in a graceful way.

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I got some glimmering of what he was driving at. I’ve known too many men who were little tin gods at their university to be impressed by it. (L95)

Translate this sentence into Chinese.

我听出了一点他话里的意思。上大学时自以为了不起的人我见得多了，我才不吃这套呢。

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Presentation and ExercisesWriting practice: How to describe a

person1. Who is he?2. His physical description3. His clothing4. His personality5. Conclusion

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Thank you!

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