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Islamic Culture Spreads Muhammad wanted to spread Islam
beyond the Arabian Peninsula & throughout world
Best way to spread ideas• Conquering other lands• Trade on caravans
Capital was in Constantinople (Istanbul)
Osman the Great
Mulsim Turks Empire came to be called the Ottoman Empire after Warrior leader OSMAN
Ottomans capture
Constantinople
Spread of Islam through Trade
Trade routes helped spread Islam• South East Asia• Central Asia• China• North Africa• Sub-Sahara Africa
Muslims created an international slave trade in Africa
Muslims also spread Math & Science advancements
Islamic Rule Arabic language spread with Islam because
Quran can only be in Arabic Non-Muslims were discriminated against
• Had to pay special tax• Non-Muslim men could not marry Muslim
women• Could not hold powerful positions
Ibn Battuta Hajj to Mecca in
1325 Journey lasted over
25 years 1st world traveler Rihla (Travels) 1st
travel book Spread knowledge
about other cultures
Went to every muslim land
Muslim Accomplishments First to use Branch Banking
• Saved time & made trade safer Made great advancements in Science
• Water clocks and irrigation systems• Chemistry – first to make sulfuric acid• Alchemy – change substances to gold
Mathematics• Used the zero• Algebra
Muslims & Mathematics Used the Zero al-Khwarizmi developed algebra Trigonometry- to measure distance
around the earth Other uses for mathematics
• Determine times of day for prayers• For map making
Accurate maps helped lead faithful to Mecca on their pilgrimage
Astrolabe Astrolabe – device used by
astronomers to determine latitude The Mathematical Jewel
The oldest surviving astrolabe, made of brass by Nastulus (or Bastulus) in Iraq circa 927 AD
Astrolabe helped determined the position of the moon to create accurate calendars
Calendars told the faithful when to go on pilgrimage to Mecca
Maps made for navigation & trade
• used to determine what direction to face toward Mecca during prayer
• They also gave directions for pilgrimageAl-Idrisi's world map, 1154 considered the most accurate map for 300 years
Experts at Sea Trade expanded
throughout the Islamic world over both land & sea routes
Muslim Sailors used the North Star & the astrolabe to find their position at sea
Triangular sails made sailing INTO the wind possible