UNIT 4

Lesson 5 and 6

Vocabulary:1.Blood2.Cardiovascular System3.Pulmonary circulation4.Systemic circulation5.Hypertension

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM Blood

• the fluid that circulates in the heart, arteries, veins and capillaries of the body

• Blood carries nutrients, oxygen and hormones throughout the body using a vast network of blood vessel

• Blood also plays a crucial role in fighting infection.

Cardiovascular System

• comprised of the heart (a muscular pump) and blood vessels—arteries, veins and capillaries

Pulmonary Circulation

• blood leaves the heart to pick up oxygen from the lungs and then returns this oxygenated blood back to the heart.

Systemic Circulation

• The heart then circulates this freshly oxygenated blood to the body’s organs, muscles and tissues.

BLOOD Plasma

• the fluid part of blood.

Red blood cells

• get their bright red color from the oxygen they collect in the lungs.

• red blood cell can survive only a few months, but the body is constantly producing new ones.

• deliver oxygen to our tissues and muscles.

White blood cells

• infection-fighting

• There are far fewer white blood cells than red blood cells. However, when a person contracts an infection, the body increases its production of these infection fighters.

Platelets

• cells that help with clotting

HEART Heart

• a muscle composed of four hollow chambers

• two atria at the top and two ventricles at the bottom

• These compartments are used to collect and pump blood out to the body.

• The heart is about as big as a clenched fist

• located in the chest cavity between the lungs.

HEARTArteries

• carry blood away from the heart to the rest of the body

• thick, elastic walls that are strong enough to handle the heart’s pumping rate

Aorta

• which carries blood from the left ventricle to the body

Pulmonary Artery

• which carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle back to the lungs to receive fresh oxygen

Arterioles

• smaller vessels

Veins

• carry blood from the body back to the heart

Capillaries

• Arteries and veins are connected by tiny vessels

HEART DISEASES

Coronary artery disease

• a condition caused by atherosclerosis• the narrowing of blood vessels due to an accumulation of plaque or fat

deposits, that build up on the walls of blood vessels, narrowing and sometimes totally blocking the vessels.

HEART DISEASESHeart arrhythmias

• irregular heartbeats, are very common

Cardiac arrest

• a condition in which the heart stops beating.

Pacemakers

• are small, battery powered implants that can maintain the heartbeat at a regular pace.

Tachycardia

• a heart arrhythmia where the heart beats more than 100 times per minute.

Bradycardia

• heart arrhythmia where the heart beats fewer than 60 times per minute.

HEART DISEASESStroke

• very serious condition caused by an interruption of blood flow to the brain.

• caused by plaque build-up in the arteries of the brain

• According to the American Stroke Association, strokes are the third leading cause of death in the United States

• Effects of stroke can include problems with vision, paralysis of the face or body, memory loss and speech impairment.

Heart Attack

• very common form of cardiovascular disease as well as the leading cause of sudden death

• more than one million people have heart attacks each year.

• result of the heart muscle not receiving enough oxygen, usually due to plaque buildup in the coronary arteries.

HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE Systolic

• the higher of the two measurements representing the moment when the heart beats

Diastolic

• the lower number representing the pressure when the heart is at rest

High blood pressure or hypertension

• very dangerous and is often referred to as a “silent killer” since often there are no obvious symptoms or warning signs.

WORKING IN HEALTHCARE

Health Care careers

• Hospital

• doctor’s office

• dental office

• school clinic

• military base

• cruise ship

• Hospice

• nursing home

• rehabilitation center

• ambulance

• summer camp

Healthcare could be for you if you:

• enjoy helping others

• are talented with science and math

• are seeking a career that offers daily challenges

• love to learn new things

• have a strong work ethic

• Many jobs in the healthcare field require hard work, endurance and dedication; and it is often highly rewarding to know you are helping others.

WHAT DOES IT TAKE

WHAT DOES IT TAKE

WHAT DOES IT TAKE:WORKING WITH EQUIPMENT AND MEDICATION

WHAT DOES IT TAKE: WORKING WITH RECORDS AND RESOURCES

HEALTHCARE SALARIES Range from $30,000 for dental assistants and other on-the-job training positions to over $300,000 for medical doctors

When choosing a career consider this:

• Know yourself and look within• Do you love animals but feel faint at the sight of blood?

• Then working as a vet might not be right for you.

• Think about the amount of education required. • How much money and time are you willing to put toward the education you’ll need for the career you’re

considering?

• Discover a specific need• It’s all about supply and demand. If there is a good or service that you’d love to supply that would fill a

specific niche, go for it!

• Commit to lifelong learning

• The fastest way to job security, no matter what your chosen field, is to try to be the best at what you do.