Unit 4: Antebellum Economic, social & cultural differences North – industry and finance South – agriculture West – new resources 2 nd great awakening Abolitionist

Unit 4: Antebellum

Economic, social & cultural differences • North – industry and finance • South – agriculture• West – new resources

• 2nd great awakening • Abolitionist movement• Demand for women's rights – Seneca falls• States rights vs federal authority• Issues – Kansas Nebraska act, tariff of abominations,

nullification crisis… • Lincoln Douglass debates• Birth of Republican Party• Popular Soverignty

Unit 4: Antebellum-Key People:

-Andrew Jackson

-John Q. Adams

-Abraham Lincoln

-Stephen Douglass

-John C Calhoun

-Harriet Tubman

-Harriet Beecher Stowe

-Frederick Douglas

-William Lloyd Garrison

-Grimke Sisters

-John Brown

-David Walker

-Documents:

-Tariff of 1828

-SC Exposition & Protest

-Wilmot Proviso

-Uncle Tom’s Cabin

--The Liberator

-Colored Citizens of the World

-Compromise of 1850

-Dred Scott vs Sanford (1857)

Unit 5: Civil War

• Causes

• Course

• African American units

• Emancipation Proclamation

• Advantages: geographic, political and economic factors

• Copperheads & habeas corpus

NORTH SOUTH

States

Strategy

Advantages

Key People

11 States WILL secede & start the Confederate States of AmericaTX, LA, AK, TN, AL, Miss, FL, GA, SC, NC, VA

Anaconda Plan – 1. Navy would block ports 2. Boats went down the MS River to

separate the Confederacy3. Capture the capital Richmond, VA1. More people2. More factories3. More Food Production4. Railroad System5. Lincoln was a good president

1. Money from Cotton2. Great Generals3. Motivation

1. War of Attrition – Play defense

States that did NOT secede

Abraham Lincoln – USA President

Ulysses S Grant – USA General (final)

William Sherman – USA commander – marched to Sea

Jefferson Davis – CSA President

Robert E Lee – CSA General

Stonewall Jackson – Confederate general – right hand man

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Confederate_States_of_America.svg

Unit 5: Reconstruction

• effects of Reconstruction on the southern states

• Carpetbaggers & scalawags • 13, 14, 15 amendments• Lincoln, Johnson, Congress plan• the Freedmen’s Bureau• gains in educational & political opportunity• Anti–African American factions/legislation –

KKK, poll tax, literacy test, grandfather clause, Jim Crow laws

Unit 5: Civil War & Reconstruction

-Key People:

-Abraham Lincoln

-Jefferson Davis

-Robert E Lee

-Ulysses S Grant

-McClellan

-Stonewall Jackson

-William Sherman

-Andrew Johnson

-Rutherford B Hayes

-Samuel Tilden

-Documents:

-Emancipation Proclamation

-Gettysburg Address

-13,14,15 amendments

-Freedmen's Bureau

-10% plan

-Reconstruction Act of 1867

-Jim Crow

-Grandfather Clause

-Literacy Tests

-Poll Taxes

-Compromise of 1877

Unit 6: Gilded Age• New Industries : Agrarian to an industrial economy• Industrial Revolution • Monopolies• Robber Barons – Rockefeller, Carnegie….• the influence of business ideologies, • increase availability of consumer goods • rising standard of living• American farmers in facing economic problems • mechanized farming• rise of the Populist movement• labor movement• working conditions for men, women, and children • Union protests & strikes • government’s reactions labor unions • urbanization causes & effects • African Americans Move north and west• Women Continue to ask for suffrage• Increase in immigration – ethnic neighborhoods – restrictions • immigrants’ responses to the urban political machines

Unit 6: Gilded Age-Key People: -Andrew Carnegie

-John D Rockefeller

-JP Morgan

-Cornelius Vanderbilt

-William Jennings Bryan

-Ida B Wells

-Booker T Washington

-WEB Dubois

-Documents:Interstate Commerce Act

Gospel of Wealth

Sherman AntiTrust

Omaha platform

Gross of Gold Speech

Chinese Exclusion Act

Unit 7 : Progressive Period• Domestic tensions – women, African Americans, housing,

health……• Expansionism (change from isolationism to intervention)• Reasons for imperialism - Social Darwinism and expanding

capitalism• McKinley –

– Spanish-American War– Open Door Policy and Boxer Rebellion

• Theodore Roosevelt– Square Deal– Corollary Diplomacy, Panama Canal, Naval World Tour

• Taft– Dollar Diplomacy– Payne Aldrich Tariff

• Wilson– Missionary “moral” Diplomacy

Unit 7: Progressive Period-Key People:

-Carrie Nation

-Susan B Anthony

-Carrie Chapman Catt

-Alice Paul

-Jacob Riis

-Jane Addams

-Frederick Jackson Turner

-McKinley

-Theodore Roosevelt

-William Taft

-Woodrow Wilson

-Upton Sinclair

-Ida Tarbell

-Documents:

-Plessy vs Ferguson

-Open Door Policy

-Yellow journalism

-Treaty of Paris – teller and platt amendment

-16 amendment

17 amendment

18 amendment

19 amendment

Multiple Choice

Antebellum - Progressives

What agency was created by the United States Congress in 1865 to set up schools and churches, supply food and clothing, and solve employment issues for the former slaves?

A) the Ku Klux Klan

B) the Freedmen's Bureau

C) the American Missionary Association

D) the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

B) the Freedmen's Bureau In 1865 the United States Congress

established an agency known as the Freedmen's Bureau. This agency worked to build schools and churches as well as supply basic needs to the former slaves. The Bureau also helped to solve employment issues and secure labor contracts for the freedmen.


The constitutional amendment that prohibited denying voting rights to people based on race or color is the

A) Twelfth Amendment.

B) Fifteenth Amendment.

C) Thirteenth Amendment.

D) Fourteenth Amendment

B) Fifteenth AmendmentThe Fifteenth Amendment prohibits

denying voting rights to people based on race or color. The Twelfth Amendment relates to presidential elections. The Thirteenth Amendment abolished and prohibited slavery. The Fourteenth Amendment gave former slaves citizenship rights.


Which of these was the BIGGEST economic disadvantage of the Southern States during the Civil War?

A) sea port availability

B) industrial production

C) agricultural production

D) availability of resources

B) industrial production Southern states had very low industrial

production during the Civil War. Their inability to make weapons and materiel for war was a major factor that contributed to their loss. The Confederacy did have a huge coastline with many good ports, though the Union was able to blockade most of them for a good


"Jim Crow" laws can BEST be described as laws that

A) restricted the rights of blacks.

B) helped poor blacks attain citizenship.

C) caused blacks to move from the north to the south.

D) allowed blacks and whites to live and work together.

A) restricted the rights of blacks.

The Jim Crow laws restricted the rights of blacks. This was the unconstitutional way of life in the south through the first half of the 20th Century


Northerners who relocated to the South after the Civil War were called

A) Carpetbaggers.

B) Copperheads.

C) Interlopers.

D) Scalawags.

A) Carpetbaggers.

Northerners who came South after the Civil War were called Carpetbaggers. Scalawags were southerners who aided the Carpetbaggers.


Vigorous political debate accompanied territorial expansion of the United States before the Civil War because

A) the Texas territory was still under Mexican control.

B) most people in the United States opposed westward expansion.

C) southern states refused to provided the troops necessary for such expansion.

D) any new states admitted to the Union might upset the sectional balance in Congress.

D) any new states admitted to the Union might upset the sectional balance in Congress.

Vigorous political debate accompanied territorial expansion of the United States before the Civil War because any new states admitted to the Union might upset the sectional balance in Congress. This "balance" was centered around the number of states that had slavery compared to the number of states that did not allow slavery


The secession of South Carolina from the Union in 1860 was prompted by

A) the election of Abraham Lincoln as President.

B) the threat of the Congress to abolish slavery.

C) refusal of Congress to pass the Fugitive Slave Law.

D) the invasion of South Carolina by Union forces at Ft. Sumter.

A) the election of Abraham Lincoln as President.

The secession of South Carolina from the Union in 1860 was prompted by the election of Abraham Lincoln as President. No southern state had been won by him due to his stance on preserving the Union rather than giving individual states more rights than they Constitutionally were allowed.


Businessmen such as John D. Rockefeller, Andrew Carnegie, and J.P. Morgan were often called A) ‘Scalawags’. B) ‘Greenbacks’. C) ‘Robber Barons’. D) ‘Yellow Journalists’.

• Answer: CExplanation: While the men accumulated massive fortunes and expanded American industry around the turn of the century (20th), many people thought them to be merely ’Robber Barons.’ This meant that they were criticized for making such a huge fortune off of the labor of poorly-paid people.


In the decades following the Civil War, industrial technology progressed to such an extent that A) a more educated workforce was needed to run the machines. B) most manufacturers found that they no longer needed human labor power. C) traditional craft workers were able to maintain their share of the marketplace. D) manufacturers were able to hire cheap labor to cut costs and maximize profits.

Answer: DExplanation: In the decades following the Civil War, manufacturers were able to hire cheap labor to cut costs and maximize profits. Much of this labor consisted of former slaves who were now being hired for labor in factories.


One of the main reasons John D. Rockefeller was able to succeed in the oil industry was because he A) encouraged competition. B) treated his competitors fairly. C) combined vertical and horizontal integration. D) urged government regulation of the oil industry.

Answer: CExplanation: Before he was the primary inspiration for The Simpsons character “C. Montgomery Burns, Rockefeller was the founder of Standard Oil. To solidify his grip on the oil industry, he combined vertical and horizontal integration, buying out businesses that supplied his company and businesses that competed against him.


How did the invention of electricity impact industries? A) The costs of production increased significantly. B) Production methods began to decrease efficiency. C) Manufacturers were forced to locate plants nearer to sources of power. D) Manufacturers were able to build manufacturing plants where they wanted.

Answer: DExplanation: Manufacturers were able to build plants manufacturing where they wanted as a result of electricity. Prior to the invention and use of electric power, manufacturers had to locate plants near sources of power.


In the late nineteenth century, American manufacturers and workers demanded the maintenance of a high tariff on goods imported into the United States. They supported this policy because A) they hoped the lower the price of imports. B) it would result in the lowering of domestic prices. C) they believed that their jobs and goods would be protected from foreign competition. D) it would improve trade relations with foreign countries with which they hoped to do business.

Answer: CExplanation: Many people desired high tariffs because they believed that their jobs and goods would be protected from foreign competition. Manufacturers hoped to protect their markets and workers hoped to protect their jobs.


The ending of the Pullman Strike is significant because it A) demonstrated unions’ superiority and solidarity. B) demonstrated the US government’s pro-business alliances. C) showed that the US government was unwilling to get involved in business matters. D) showed that unions and management could work together for the benefit of each other.

Answer: BExplanation: The end of the Pullman Strike demonstrated the US government’s pro-business alliances. Government and media outlets joined together to criticize the workers who were asking for an end to pay cuts at a time when the Pullman company was making steady profits.


The majority of the reforms advocated by the Populist Party were A) forgotten as the party declined. B) undesirable in a democratic country. C) merely campaign promises that were soon forgotten. D) incorporated into laws by either the state or federal government.

• Answer: DExplanation: The majority of the reforms advocated by the Populist Party were incorporated into laws by either the state or federal government. Their goals were definitely NOT forgotten, for the Progressive politicians (both Democrats and Republicans) were able to get done what the Populists could not (electoral reform and poor/urban issues).


Late 19th-century technological advances in farm production meant that less farm laborers were needed. Many of the farmers who lost their jobs were African Americans. Which statement describes what happened to the displaced farmers? A) African Americans were easily able to find jobs in the North. B) Many went on to establish their own farms and provide competition. C) Many African Americans moved to the north and west to cities such as Chicago and Detroit. D) A few farmers migrated but the majority stayed in the South to wait for other types of employment.

• Answer: CExplanation: Many African Americans moved to the north and west to cities such as Chicago and Detroit as a result of losing jobs in the South. However, they faced competition from the immigrant workers and found that the conditions were only somewhat better than those they had left.


What group of immigrants arrived in large numbers on the U.S. west coast for the primary purpose of working on the Transcontinental Railroad in the 19th century? A) Chinese B) Irish C) Japanese D) Mexican

Answer: AExplanation: Chinese laborers were vital in constructing the First Transcontinental Railroad. They worked on the Central Pacific line, which started in Sacramento, California, and worked to the east. It was believed that the immigrants were more willing to tolerate the horrible conditions during the construction.


Critics of the ‘New Immigration’ of the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries opposed a minimum wage because A) factories would refuse to hire immigrant laborers. B) the immigrants were generally wealthier than American citizens. C) they believed immigrants took farmland from native-born Americans. D) immigrants generally would work for less money than American citizens.

Answer: DExplanation: Since it was not uncommon for many to live in one dwelling, immigrants generally would work for less money than American citizens. Therefore, employers were more than willing to give them jobs over non-immigrants.


Which group was founded by W.E.B. DuBois and others in 1909 to promote equal treatment of Blacks in America? A) The Black Panthers B) The Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) C) The Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) D) The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)

Answer: DExplanation: The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) was founded by W.E.B. DuBois and others in 1909. The founding members consisted of a multiracial group who believed in racial equality.


• The White Man's Burden-By Rudyard Kipling, 1899Take up the White Man's burdenSend forth the best ye breedGo, bind your sons to exileTo serve your captives' need; To wait, in heavy harness, On fluttered folk and wildYour new-caught sullen peoples, Half devil and half child.

• This poem would seem to be supporting A) free trade. B) prison reform. C) Social Darwinism. D) the anti-abolition movement.

• Answer: CExplanation: This poem was popularized in magazines and books at a time when Social Darwinism was a driving force in US and European foreign policy. While supporters of Kipling (author of The Jungle Book, maintain his good intentions, history supports the claim that he was NOT being ironic.


The most important result of the Spanish-American War was that it A) spread democracy to Latin America. B) secured a safe source of raw materials for US industry. C) set up a colonial empire for the U.S. and set the U.S. on the road to empire. D) created the Monroe Doctrine and spread U.S. influence across the hemisphere.

• Answer: CExplanation: The most important result of the Spanish-American War was that it set up a colonial empire for the U.S. and set the U.S. on the road to empire. The U.S. won influence &/or control in Cuba, the Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam, and then increased its influence over sovereign states in the region.


The term ‘dollar diplomacy’ primarily referred to A) making new trade agreements with countries in Latin America. B) the use of political power to advance and protect US economic interests. C) helping Latin American governments raise the standard of living for its people. D) establishing diplomatic recognition of the new governments throughout Latin America.

Answer: BExplanation: The term ‘dollar diplomacy’ primarily referred to the use of political power to advance and protect US economic interests. This was the philosophy of President Taft in the early 1900s and was an attempt to exert control over Latin America.


The Open Door Policy, proposed by the United States in 1899, called for open trade with A) Cuba. B) China. C) Russia. D) Philippines.

• Answer: BExplanation: The Open Door Policy, proposed by the United States in 1899, called for open trade with China. This belief, held by President McKinley, said that all countries should have equal access to trade with China, rather than the "spheres of influence" held by certain nations of Europe.

Political Cartoon # 1

• Identify the time period.

• Significant people/person or documents.

• Explain the cartoon?

Political Cartoon # 2

• Identify the time period.

• Significant people/person or documents.

• Explain the cartoon?