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Unit 3 Writing Modes:
or Organizing a Paper
Question: What are “writing modes”?
Provide patterns for writing Sentences Paragraphs Papers
Match organization to purpose1. Cause and Effect
2. Comparison and Contrast
3. Process Analysis
Cause and effect
Cause and effect – Explains or analyzes the causes and effects of something
o Cause Effecto Multiple causes Effecto Cause(s) Multiple effectso Chain of causes (one thing
leads to another, which leads to another…)
Rube Goldberg machines
Cause and effect
Cause and effect signalso Because…o If… then….o As a result….
Cause and effect structures
Comparison and/or Contrast
Compare – Show likenesses
RoundFruitsSeeds
RedWholePome
OrangeHalfCitrus
Contrast – Show differences o Sometimes teachers
ask for one when theywant both.
Comparison/contrast
Comparison and/or contrast signals o Likewise… However…o Similarly… In contrast…o In the same way… On the other hand…
Comparison/contrast structureOrganize bywhat’s compared
Apples Shape Color
Oranges Shape Color
Organize bystandard of comparison
Shape Apple Orange
Color Apple Orange
Process
Process Analysis – Explains how something is done, made, or works, or how it came to be
Great examples on HowStuffWorks.com
Process Signals
Process Analysis:Although photography is a complex process, the amateur version of this art usually involves simple steps. First, the photographer loads the film into an analog camera. Next, the person behind the camera arranges the desired image, makes sure the flash is engaged and film advanced if necessary, and presses the shutter button. Finally, when the film roll is complete, the photographer takes the film to a developing lab and awaits the results.
Other signals: Before… During… After… Later… While… or as…
Mix-and-match Modes
Use one mode within another
Process Paper: Photography
Step 1: Choose a subject.Step 2: Decide between film or digital
Comparison/ContrastFilm vs. Digital