Unit 3: The Muscular System

Unit 3: The Muscular SystemLab 1: Muscles of the Axial SkeletonJessica Radke-Snead, RD, MSBio 241 Anatomy & PhysiologyGetting StartedBegin developing your strategy for this unitOrganize your material (ie the study guide, lectures, labs)Develop a system for processing this informationStart with the broad components Muscles (categorize and group them)Indicated origins and insertions (use your knowledge of the skeletal system to guide you)Function (direction of fibers, type of joint)Continue to build to your knowledge (not all-inclusive)HistologyCharacteristics of the three types of muscle tissuePhysiology of a muscle contractionTypes of muscle contractionCharacteristics of muscle contractionsMuscle metabolismMaking Sense of the MusclesDescription Location FunctionUse muscle origins and insertions to describe where the muscle is located AND what it doesOrigin: attachment of one muscle tendon to the stationary bone Insertion: attachment of the other muscle tendon to the moving boneAction: the movement that occurs at the joint due to the muscle contractionPracticeMuscle:SternocleidomastoidOrigin:Sternum and clavicleInsertion:Mastoid process of temporal bone

Function:Bilaterally: flexion of neck, with tilting of head forward and downward (try this!)Unilaterally: lateral flexion of neck, with rotation of head downward and to the side OPPOSITE of the contracting muscle (try this!)Muscles: Head and NeckMovements related toFacial expressionEyeballMandible, tongue and pharynxHead and neckOrigin/Insertion requirement M, T & P: Masseter, genioglossus, stylohyoid, digastric, temporalisHead and neck: SternocleidomastoidCadaver requirementFacial expression: FrontalisHead and neck: Sternocleidomastoid, splenius capitisMuscles: Head and Neck

MasseterO: Maxilla and Zygomatic archI: Angle and ramus of mandibleFx: and retracts mandible

SternocleidomastoidO: Sternum and clavicleI: Mastoid processFx: flexion, rotation of neck

Muscles: Head and Neck

Muscles: Head and Neck

Muscles: Head and Neck

Muscles: TrunkMuscles of BreathingAbdominal wallBack (deep)Pelvic floor and perineumOrigin/insertion requirementBreathing: Diaphragm, internal and external intercostalsAbdominal wall: Rectus abdominis, internal and external obliques and transversus abdominisCadaver requirementBreathing: Internal and external intercostalsAbdominal wall: Rectus abdominis, internal and external obliques and transversus abdominisBack: Erector spinae (spinalis, longissimus, iliocostalis)

Muscles: Trunk

External ObliquesO: Inferior eight ribsI: Iliac crest Fx: Compresses abs; flexion of trunk

Transversus abdominisO: Iliac crestI: Xiphoid processFx: Compresses abdomenMuscles: Trunk

Lab ObjectivesExam 2 return/reviewPlease see me if you are struggling with course material

Lab 1: Be able to identify the location and function of each muscle, and origin/insertion if indicatedLab 2: Cadavers will be used WednesdayPreview and review Lab 2 muscles prior to this lab

Please let me know if you need assistancehave fun!