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UNIT 3 THE CONSCIOUS SELF. AREA OF STUDY 2 MEMORY. MODELS OF HUMAN MEMORY LONG-TERM MEMORY (LTM). THE MEMORY SYSTEM THAT STORES VAST AMOUNTS OF INFORMATION FOR A VERY LONG TIME, POSSIBLY PERMANENTLY. LONG-TERM MEMORY (LTM) ORGANISATION OF LONG-TERM MEMORY. PROCEDURAL MEMORY - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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AREA OF STUDY 2
MEMORY
UNIT 3THE CONSCIOUS SELF
MODELS OF HUMAN MEMORY
LONG-TERM MEMORY (LTM)
THE MEMORY SYSTEM THAT STORES VAST AMOUNTS OF INFORMATION FOR A VERY
LONG TIME, POSSIBLY PERMANENTLY
LONG-TERM MEMORY (LTM)
ORGANISATION OF LONG-TERM MEMORY
PROCEDURAL MEMORY(Actions and skills – ‘knowing how’ – implicit memory)
DECLARATIVE MEMORY(Facts and events – ‘knowing that’ – explicit memory)
SEMANTIC MEMORYFACTS
EPISODIC MEMORYEVENTS
LONG-TERM MEMORY (LTM)
ORGANISATION OF LONG-TERM MEMORY
PROCEDURAL MEMORY
(Actions and skills – ‘knowing how’ – implicit memory)
•Demonstrated through behaviour or performance (skill or habit)
•Typically require little or no intentional or conscious attempt to retrieve
•Often difficult to put into words
LONG-TERM MEMORY (LTM)
ORGANISATION OF LONG-TERM MEMORY
DECLARATIVE MEMORY
(Facts and events – ‘knowing that’ – explicit memory)
EPISODIC MEMORY SEMANTIC MEMORY
The declarative memory of personally experienced events
The declarative memory of facts or knowledge about the world
• Include details of place, time and the psychological and physiological state of the person when the event occurred
• A mental personal diary• ‘Autobiographical memory’
• Facts learned in school• Everyday facts and general knowledge• The meaning of words• Rules• Areas of expertise
LONG-TERM MEMORY (LTM)
EXPLICIT & IMPLICIT MEMORY
EXPLICIT MEMORY – declarative memory
When information can be consciously or intentionally retrieved and stated(declarative memory = you can ‘declare’ the information)
IMPLICIT MEMORY – non declarative memory
When remembering something does not involve conscious or intentional retrieval but memory is expressed through actions or behaviour(procedural memory – memory without awareness)
HOMEWORK
LEARNING ACTIVITY 6.19 (pg.273)LEARNING ACTIVITY 6.20 (pg.273)
LONG-TERM MEMORY (LTM)
ORGANISATION OF INFORMATION IN LONG-TERM MEMORY
THE MONTHS OF THE YEAR ACTIVITY
LONG-TERM MEMORY (LTM)
ORGANISATION OF INFORMATION IN LONG-TERM MEMORY
SEMANTIC NETWORK THEORY
Proposes that information in LTM is organised systematically (hierarchically structured) in the form of overlapping networks
of concepts that are interconnected and interrelated by meaningful links
NODE LINK NODE
LONG-TERM MEMORY (LTM)
ORGANISATION OF INFORMATION IN LONG-TERM MEMORY
SEMANTIC NETWORK THEORY
When we retrieve information, cues activate the nodes
The activation of one node causes other nodes to be activated also
The overlap of the network aidsin fast and efficient retrieval
Minimises duplication of nodes
LONG-TERM MEMORY (LTM)
ORGANISATION OF INFORMATION IN LONG-TERM MEMORY
SPREADING ACTIVATION THEORY
A revision of the Semantic Network Theory by Alan Collins & Elizabeth Loftus (1975)
Proposes that activating one node during retrieval from a semantic network increases the likelihood that associated
nodes become activated
•The shorter the link between nodes, the stronger the association between them, and the less time it takes to activate (retrieve) related concepts
LONG-TERM MEMORY (LTM)
ORGANISATION OF INFORMATION IN LONG-TERM MEMORY
SPREADING ACTIVATION THEORY
LONG-TERM MEMORY (LTM)
ORGANISATION OF INFORMATION IN LONG-TERM MEMORY
Question 43 (2013 VCE EXAM)
As a child, Enid learned how to knit, but she has not knitted for 50 years. When a charity organisation asks her to knit some socks, she finds that she still knows how to knit and is able to knit the socks.This is due to her A.echoic memory. B.episodic memory. C.short-term memory. D.procedural memory.
Question 7 (2012 VCE EXAM) – 3 marksUse an example to explain semantic network theory.
HOMEWORK
LEARNING ACTIVITY 6.22 (pg.276)LEARNING ACTIVITY 6.24 (pg.277)