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_________________created the first periodic table which was arranged according to atomic ___________.
Dmitri Mendeleev
Mass
Pudding
1. In the modern periodic table, elements are ordered by atomic __________. ______________ was the first scientist to order them this way.
Number
Henry Moseley
Wedding cake
• ______________ law says that when the elements are placed in order by atomic number there is a periodic repetition of their chemical and physical properties.
Periodic
HUGE PIZZA!!!!!
1. _______________ determine the identity of an element and the atomic number. However, _______________ determine the chemical behavior.
Protons
Electrons
Chapter 7
1. Study your notes for metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Be sure you could identify elements of these regions and describe the properties of these regions.
1. Groups _____________________ are known as the representative elements because…
1A-8A
They possess
a wide range of
properties
Group 1 elements
Group 1: called the _____________ metals. They have electron configurations ending in ________.
Alkali
s1
Properties of Group 1 elements include:
1. Stored in _________ due to extreme reactivity with oxygen (contains the most reactive metal)
2. Form __________ (charge) ions.
3. Consistency is ________. Good conductors of _____ and _______
oil
1+
Cold Butter
Heat Electricity
Group 2 elements
Group 2: called the ________metals. Their electron configurations end in ______________.
Alkaline Earth
s2
Properties of Group 2 elements include:
generally _____________ solids.
1. ________and denser than alkali metals
2. Less ______________ than alkali metals.
3. Form __________________ (charge) ions.
ShinyHarder
reactive2+
The ____________________ metals are a large group of elements in the middle of the periodic table. Properties of these elements include:
Transition
Properties of Transition metals include:
1. Transition metals are also known as the _____-block elements
2. General properties (similar to other metals) are…
1. Most transition metals are _______ solids with ________ melting points.
2. Transition metal unpaired d-electrons have the ability to move into the ________ level. Because of this, many transition metals can form several different charged ions.
3. Transition metals contain the ________________ metals (like gold & silver)
4. The more unpaired electrons in the d-level, the …..
d
Hard High
precious
valence
Electrical conductivity, lustrous, malleable
The greater the hardness and the higher the melting and boiling point
• The _______________________ metals are also known as the f-block. The top row is called the _____________ and the bottom row the ________________. This group contains synthetic and radioactive metals.
Inner TransitionLanthanides
Actinides
Group 17
Group 17 is the ______________________ family. Their electron configurations end in _________.
Halogen
P5
Properties of elements in group 17:
Very ___________ nonmetals – they are always in compounds, never alone.1. Halogens tend to gain or share 1 electron because
they have ________ valence electrons.
2. Form ________ (charge) ions.
3. The most reactive nonmetal, __________________, is in this family.
4. Exist in all 3 ____________ of matter (s, l, g)
5. React readily with ____________, especially alkali, to produce salts. (halogen = salt former)
reactive
7
1-
Fluorine
StatesMetals
Group 18 elements
Group 18 elements are the _______ gases. Their electron configurations end in _______.
Noble
P6
Properties of group 18 elements include:
1. Inert or _________ gases because….
1. Do not form ions or bonds.
Noble
Full outer shell of e-
• The reason any group has similar properties is because they have the same number of __________.Valence e-
Hydrogen:
only element considered to be a chemical family all by itself.
Hydrogen is placed in group 1 because it has _________ valence electron.
Hydrogen has properties of group 1 and group ___________.
The universe is _____% hydrogen by mass.
1
7a
90
Hydrogen acts like a metal when…..
Hydrogen acts like a nonmetal when…
It loses an electron
It gains an electron
Match the family name to the location:
e
a d
b
______ lanthanides and actinides (inner transition metals)
_______alkali and alkaline earth metals
_______halogen_______noble gases_______transition
metals
cLabel the s, p, d and f blocks on the periodic table above
C
A
DEB
• An element has the electron configuration [Ne]3s23p5. What family is this element in? _______ What group? ________ What period? ____________ What is this element? _______
Halogens Halogens3 Chlorine
Match the element with the family to which it belongs:
Neon
Magnesium
Fluorine
Silver
Potassium
Iron
a=Alkaline Metals
b=Alkaline Earth Metals
c=Transition Metals
d=Halogens
e=Noble Gasses
A = alkali metals B = alkaline-earth metals C = transition metals
D = halogens E = noble gases
The __________________ have electron configurations that end in s2.The _______________________ are soft enough to cut with a knife.The ______________________ contain the precious metals.The ______________________ are the most reactive nonmetals.The _______________ are stable and unreactive due to their full s and p orbitals.The ___________________ have a name that means salt-former.
BA
CD
ED
• As you move down a group on the periodic table, atomic radii generally ____________ and across a period it generally _______________.
• Review your notes and know why!
Increases
Decreases
• Define ionization energy.
What did one ion say to the other ion?
I got my ion you!
Energy needed to remove an e- from an atom
• Ionization energy generally __________ across a period and ______________ down a group.
• Review your notes to explain why.
Increases
Decreases
A small furry mammal walks into a bar and orders a drink. The bartender says, "Sorry, our maximum occupancy is only 6.00 x 1023. We can't serve a mole."
• The tendency for an atom to attract electrons of another atom is called ______________. It generally ____________ as you move left to right across a period and _____________ down a group.
• Know Why! Review your notes.
Electronegativity
Increases
Decreases
Circle the atom with the LARGER ionization energy
Boron oxygen nitrogen phosphorousChlorine selenium