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The Cell
Outline Cell Structure
Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote Plant vs. Animal Organelles, structure and function
Movement through the Cell Cell membrane Passive transport
Osmosis Diffusion
Active transport Endocytosis Exocytosis
Types of Cells
The Cell Theory1) All living things are composed of
cells.
2) Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things.
3) New cells are produced from existing cells.
Cells Unicellular – organism made up of only 1 cell
Cells Multicellular – organism made up of more than 1 cell
Cells Unicellular or multicellular?
Cells Unicellular or multicellular?
Cells Unicellular or multicellular?
Cells All cells
contain: Cytoplasm Cell
membrane Ribosomes Genetic
information (DNA)
Cells Types:
Prokaryote Eukaryote
Animal cells Plant cells
Prokaryote Cells Cells missing a nucleus and organelles.
DNA is a single circle (plasmid).
All bacteria are prokaryotes.
All prokaryotes are unicellular.
Prokaryote
Eukaryote Cells have a
nucleus and organelles.
Eukaryotes may be unicellular or multicellular
Two types: Animal cells Plant cells
Eukaryote
Animal Cells Eukaryotic cell that does not contain a: cell wall large vacuole Chloroplasts
Does NOT photosynthesize.
Animal Cells
Plant Cells Eukaryotic cell that contains: large vacuole Cell wall chloroplasts
Photosynthesizes.
Plant Cells
Cell Parts Cytoplasm
Found in all cells.
Semi-liquid medium that makes up the most of the cell.
Contains enzymes & nutrients that help reactions occur.
Cell Parts Cell Membrane
Structure surrounding all cells.
Controls what molecules may enter and/or exit the cell.
Cell Parts Ribosomes
Found in all cells.
Produces proteins.
Cell Parts DNA
Found in all cells. Contains the genetic information required for life.
1 circular strand in prokaryotes. Many linear (double helix) strands in eukaryotes.
Cell Parts
Nucleus Found in all eukaryotes.
Membrane bound structure that contains DNA.
Cell Parts
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Found in all eukaryotes.
Passageway in which proteins travel after being produced by ribosomes.
Produces new membranes.
Cell Parts Golgi Apparatus
Found in all eukaryotes.
Packaging center for proteins and other cell products leaving the cell.
Cell PartsLysosome
Found in animal cells.
Digests food molecules.
Destroys worn-out cell parts.
May destroy the cell.
‘Suicide sac.’
Cell Parts
Mitochondria Found in all eukaryotes.
Site of respiration.
Cell Parts Chloroplast
Found only in plant cells. Site of photosynthesis. Contains the pigment chlorophyll.
Appears green
Cell Parts Vacuole
Found in all eukaryotes. Very large in plant cells. Small organelles in animal cells.
Storage area for water and nutrients.
Cell Parts Cell Wall
Found only in plant cells. Adds structure and support to the cell.
Movement of the Cell Flagella
Whip-like tail used to move the cell.
Movement of the CellCilia
Small, hair-like projections surrounding the cell. Used to move the cell.