Unit 3. A planet full of life. - Wikispacesbiomurillo1.wikispaces.com/file/view/LIVING BEINGS NOTEBOOK2013.… · surroundings. This is why they ... Natural Science 1º ESO 6 Types

Unit 3. A planet full of life.

Adapted from Natural Science. 1º ESO. Anaya

NATURAL SCIENCE 1º ESO. IES MURILLO

Natural Science 1º ES

Unit 3. A planet full of life. Natural Science 1º ESO

2

ÍNDEX

1. VOCABULARY........................................................................ 1

2. VOCABULARIO...................................................................... 2

3. UNIT CHART..................................................................... Cover and 3

4. UNIT ACTIVITIES AND NOTES............................................. 4-14

VOCABULARIO TEMA 3. A PLANET FULL OF LIFE

Here you are 5 key words of this Unit. You have to study them. If you include a more

complete definition in your notebook, you will get extra points in your notebook

marks.

1. Cell: basic structural and functional unit of an organism. Smallest unit of an organism that can exist alone.

2. DNA: nucleic acid that carries the genetic information in most organisms.

3. Multicellular organism: Organism with more than one cell. 4. Organelle: special compartment inside a eukaryotic cell that

performs a specific function. 5. Vital Function: activities that organisms must do to live

WRITE HERE ALL THE NEW VOCABULARY FOR THIS LESSON. For example: Blood: sangre. Microscope: microscopio.


3

VOCABULARIO TEMA 3. LA VIDA EN LA TIERRA

De cada palabra escribe su definición, un ejemplo si te lo pido y su traducción al

inglés. No olvides incluirlo en tu cuaderno.

1. AUTÓTROFO. EJEMPLO.

2. HETERÓTROFO. EJEMPLO.

3. GAMETOS. EJEMPLO

4. MICROSCÓPICO. EJEMPLO.

5. ADN

6. CÉLULA. EJEMPLO

7. PLURICELULAR. EJEMPLO.

8. UNICELULAR. EJEMPLO.

9. TEJIDO. EJEMPLO

10. ESPECIE. EJEMPLO


4

UNIT CHART

1. Look the diagram on the cover and add the following concepts in the correct place: autotrophic,

heterotrophic, sexual, asexual, animal cell, plant cell.

2. How many types of cells exist?

3. Write the three vital functions.

4. How many kingdoms exist? Write their names

5. Why is a cat bigger than a protozoa?

a. Because it has more cells.

b. Because its cells are bigger

BASIC CONCEPTS

What is a living being?. How would you define a living thing? In other words, what do mushrooms, sunflowers, cats, and bacteria have

in common?

All living things grow, reproduce, and maintain a stable internal environment.

• All organisms are made of cells.

• All living things need energy and resources to survive.

There are millions of different living beings and they are classified in groups following diverse criteria. First of all, we can look at the way they feed: Autotrophic beings, like plants, need water, salt and gasses such as carbon dioxide and oxygen. They use the energy from the sunlight to make their own food. This process is called photosynthesis. Heterotrophic beings, like animals, cannot make their own food and instead they have to get it from their

surroundings. This is why they feed on other living beings or they feed on decomposing organic matter.

Activity 1. Complete the following sentences: The nutrition of plants is ………………...... because they make their own food from ……………………………………………............................. . The nutrition of animals is ………………………………… because they get their nutrients by feeding on ………………………………………………...


5

An important characteristic of living beings is that they all are made up of cells. A cell is the smallest part that is alive. Therefore, cells are the unit of life. There are two types of living beings according to the number of cells they have: - Unicellular beings have only one single cell.

- Pluricellular beings have more than one cell picture 1 picture 2

We are made of cells. Our body contains about one hundred billion ( a million million) cells. All cells have three main parts:

o Cell membrane o Cytoplasm o Nucleus

o Cell membrane: It is a thin layer like a skin around the cell. It separates the inside and the outside of the cell and covers the whole cell. It controls what passes in and out of the cell.

o Cytoplasm: It is the jelly-like substance inside the cell. It contains the organelles which are small structures in the cytoplasm.

o Nucleus: It controls the cell. It controls the cell functions and cell division. It contains genetic material with hereditary information.

Activity 2. Tick the places where we can find cells:

o In a person arm. o In a mushroom. o In a rock. o In a piece of wood from a table.

o In a frog’s leg. o In a plastic pen. o In the blood of an animal.


6

Types of cells. There are two types of cells: eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells. - Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and they are generally larger, about 0.1 mm. They are found in animals, plants and other living beings.

- Prokaryotic cells are much simpler. They have no nucleus and only appear in some unicellular beings. Their size is around 0.001 mm.

Activity 3. Match the words on the left column with the sentences on the right 1 Cell membrane A They are those cells which have got a nucleus 2 Eukaryotic cells B It contains genetic material with hereditary information. 3 Cytoplasm C It controls what passes in and out of the cell 4 Prokaryotic cells D Animals and plants have got this type of cell 5 Nucleus E It is a thin layer which separates the inside and the outside of the cell

F It is the jelly-like substance inside the cell G Bacteria and similar living beings are made up of this type of cell

Activity 4. Complete the table below and answer the questions

EUKARYOTIC CELLS PROKARYOTIC CELLS

Nucleus

Living beings (example)

Where do all cells come from? What is the name of the structure which separates the inside and the outside of the cell? What is the cytoplasm?.... What is the main difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?.

Activity 5 Fill in the table. Write: Plant cell / Animal cell / Both of them (the two types of cells) / None of them.

a) It has got a nucleus ................................... b) It has got a chloroplast...................................... c) It has got a cell wall ........................................... d) It has not got a big vacuole ................................ e) It has got many mitochondria ............................ f) It has got a cell membrane........................

g) It has got a cytoplasm........................................ h) It has not got a chloroplast................................ i) It has got ribosomes.......................................... j) It has not got a nucleus......................................


7

Activity 6. Fill the boxes with the names of the organelles marked in the picture

Activity 7

Activity 9.The diagram below shows a microscopic view of a one-celled organism. Four cell structures are labelled.

Which statement about the labelled structures is correct?


8

(1) They normally can be seen without magnification.

(2) They can survive outside the cell.

(3) They help carry on life activities within the cell.

(4) They cause disease within the cell.

Activity 10

From Natural Science. 1º ESO. Anaya

Cell A mistake………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Cell B mistake………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Activity 11. Write the name of each structure: / organism/tissue/ Cell/ Organ/

Write two examples of each level

Cell_________________________

Tissue_______________________

Organ _______________________

Organism__________________

1- Read the text carefully and underline all unknown words.

2- Write the translation of three of them.

a. .

b. .

c. .


9

3- Look for the meaning of DNA

DNA is…….

4- Do viruses meet the requirement for life that living things are made of cells? Explain your answer

5- Do viruses grow and develop? Explain

6- Do viruses reproduce? Explain

7- Are viruses living things? Explain your answer

8- True or False about viruses:

1. T or F A virus belongs to the five kingdoms of life


10

2. T or F A virus is not made up of cells

3. T or F Viruses eat and perform many of the functions that other living things do

4. T or F The only thing that a virus does is to reproduce

5. T or F Scientists do not consider a virus to be a living thing

6. T or F A virus has an outside protective wall of proteins that can protect the virus for years and make it hard to kill

the virus

7. T or F Inside this protective shell, the virus is filled with bits of DNA

8. T or F A virus releases its DN A into a cell, then it is able to take control of that cell

9. T or F Instead of performing its normal functions, once the virus releases its DNA into a cell, the cell begins to

create new viruses

10. T or F Viruses do not attack other cells in our bodies

CLASSIFICATION INTO SMALLER GROUPS.

A species is the first level of classification for living beings. A species is a set of beings which are physically similar and

which reproduce among themselves and produce fertile descendants.

In Latin, species are given two names: human beings are called Homo sapiens, sparrows (gorriones) are Passer

domesticus, lentiscos are Pistacia lentiscus and so on. The first name refers to the genus and it has to be written in

capital letters, while the second one refers to the species and has to be written in small letters. Scientific names are

very useful because they are known all over the world.

Activity 12.Why do scientists in all parts of the world use Latin to name living things? For example, scientists in China and scientists in Canada name the Fox as Vulpes vulpes. Activity 13.The scientific name of the wolf is Canis lupus. Complete the sentence: The wolf belongs to the genus ..................…… and to the species .................…… .

In this notebook you may have found some information from:

1- Activity Book 2008. Pablo Acosta Robles. 1º ESO Natural Science.

2- I.E.S. LLANES SEVILLA. DEPARTAMENTO DE BIOLOGÍA Y GEOLOGÍA. Unit 3. The Living beings. 3- C. Echevarría, E. Dehesa, et al. Natural Science 1º Secondary Education. Editorial Anaya


11


12

1- What’s the difference between a branching dichotomous key and a numbered dichotomous key?

2- Which one is your favourite? Explain your answer

3- BRANCHING DICHOTOMUS KEY. Write here.

4- NUMBERED KEY. Write here.

Documents

Unit 3. A planet full of life. - Wikispacesbiomurillo1.wikispaces.com/file/view/LIVING BEINGS NOTEBOOK2013.… · surroundings. This is why they ... Natural Science 1º ESO 6 Types