UNIT 2. GOING GREEN! October 2013

VOCABULARY Showing preference enthusiasm

indifference Why don’t we …? How about doing…? I think we should… I’d rather… I’d prefer to… That sounds cool.

SHOWING PREFERENCE, ENTHUSIASM, INDIFFERENCE.

Great! It’s all the same to me.

Fantastic! Who cares? Good idea! Definitely! I don’t care . I don’t mind. Whatever

URBAN ANIMALS Alligator fox Ant lizard Bear pigeon Butterflypython Cockroach rat Coyote snake Duck squirrel Eagle wolf Falcon

ENERGY Biodiesel Gasoline Biomass Geothermal Energy Coalheat turbine Crops hydroelctric wind energy Dam natural gas Diesel nonrenewable Ethanol oil Firewoodrenewable Fossil fuel solar panel

POLLUTION Battery fertilizer Burning garbage garbage Chemical waste herbicide Construction loud music Detergent pesticide Diaper power plant Factory discharge sewage Factory emissions traffic fumes

THE ENVIRONMENT Acid raid ozone layer Carbon footprint Climate change Fossil fuel Global warming Greenhouse gas Natural resource

GRAMMAR: CONDITIONAL SENTENCES . Conditional sentences have two

clauses. The if clause describes a situation, and the main clause describes the result of the situation. A comma goes between the clauses when the if clause come first.

GRAMMAR: ZERO CONDITIONAL The zero conditional describes general

truths, common occurrences and scientific facts. The result of the if clause is used in both clauses. If clause Main clause

General truth If you cross the international date line,

The times changes.

Scientific fact If there is no air, Wood doesn’t burn.

Common occurrences

When it rains, does your roof leak?

GRAMMAR: FIRST CONDITIONAL The first conditional describes future

possibilities, offers and warnings. A present tense is used in the if clause, and a future tense is used the main clause. Future possibility Offer Warning

If it’s sunny, we’ll go to the beach.

I’ll help go on vacation if I have time.

If you don’t go to bed now, you’ll be tired tomorrow.

GRAMMAR: WOULD Would describes an unlikely or

imaginary situation in the present or future. Would is a modal verb. As with all modal verbs, not (n’t) is added to make it negative, and the subject and would are inverted to make questions.

WOULD.

Affirmative Negative Question Short answer

I would ( I’d ) love to speak Japanese.

I wouldn’t go on vacation by myself

Would we enjoy that movie?

Yes, you would. No, you wouldn’t.

GRAMMAR: SECOND CONDITIONAL In second conditional sentences the if

clause describes an unlikely or impossible situation in the present or future, and the main clause describes the result. The second conditional can also be used to give advice.

Past verb forms are used to indicate the situation is unreal.

GRAMMAR: SECOND CONDITIONAL If clause ( past simple ) Main clause ( would)

If I won the lottery. I’d buy a new house.

If he studied more, He’d get better grades.

If you didn’t watch so much television,

You’d sleep a lot better.