Unit 1

Topic 1: American IdentityTopic 2: Road to IndependenceTopic 3: New American IdentityTopic 4: Development of the

Constitution

Topic 1: American CitizenshipI. Civics

A. Study of the rights and duties of citizens 1. Participant’s rights and responsibilities

II. CitizenshipA. Ruling authority for a community

1. Keep order, Security2. Public Services3. Guide Community

B. Characteristics1. Born in the U.S.2. Naturalized

-Aliens & Immigrants3. Civil Rights & Responsibilities4. Community member

C. Loss of Citizenship1. Fraud or deception2. Treason, Rebellion

D. Freedom of Choice1. Consequences

-. “Ignorance is no excuse”- Economic failure-Incarceration

2. Education-Informed Citizenry-Literacy

3. Other types of Government-Dictatorship/Authoritarian-Monarchy

E. Civic Participation1. Volunteer2. Tolerance3. Popular Sovereignty4. Elections

III. DiversityA. Immigration

1. Old 1600-1900-Europeans-Africans

2. New 1900-200?-Latin America-Service industry

B. Migration1. East-West2. South-North3. North-South

C. Unity1. Patriotism, Nationalism2. Common Goals: Against Terrorism

IV. Summary

The American colonies were settled by individuals from many nations. Nonetheless, the majority of American settlers came from England. Many of the rights that American citizens enjoy can be traced to the political and legal traditions of England. When English people began settling in the Americas,they brought with them a tradition of limited and representative Government.

Critical Reading! Read Carefully!

Topic 2: Road to Independence

I. Beginnings of American GovernmentA. English Heritage

1. Magna Carta2. Enlightenment3. John Locke4. Natural Rights5. Monarchy6. Common Law

B. Transformation1. Social Contract2. Separation of Powers3. Self Government4. Limited Government5. Democracy

II. The First SettlementsA. Jamestown 1607

1.Charter2. Town Meetings 3. Virginia House of Burgesses

B. Mayflower 16201. Pilgrims/Puritans 2. Mayflower Compact3. Religious Persecution

C. Triangular Trade 1. Slaves2. Native Americans

III. The ColoniesA. New England

1. MA, RI, NH, CT2. Towns, Shipbuilding

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B. Middle Colonies1. NY, PA, NJ, DE2. Agriculture, Natural Resources

C. Southern Colonies1. MD, VA, NC, SC, GA 2. Large-scale Agriculture 3. Plantations

D. Self Government (Governors)IV. Colonial Rebellion

A. Problems1. Mercantilism2. Taxes (why?) Statutory Neglect

-Quartering Act-Stamp Act -Boston Massacre

3. Taxation without Representation4. Proclamation Act of 1763

B Protests1. Boycott2. Boston Tea Party3. Thomas Paine; Common Sense

C. Movement to Independence1. Continental Congress2. Declaration of Independence

-Purpose of Gov’t-Consent of the governed

D. Revolutionary War1. “Shot heard round the world”2. Treaty of Paris 1783

E. Main Point/Summary

Topic 3: New American Identity

I. First Set-up of GovernmentA. State: NH, Coverted ChartersB. National: Articles of Confederation

1. First Constitution Ratified2. Accomplishments

-NW Ordinance of 17853. Weaknesses

-No power to enforce-No power to tax-No power to regulate trade-No single leader-No national court system-Hard to amend/fix/update

4. Shay’s Rebellion

II. New ConstitutionA. Philadelphia Convention/Constitutional Conv.

1. Delegates, elite2. George Washington

B. Ideas1. Virginia Plan

-Bicameral; Based on Population-3 Branches

2. New Jersey Plan-Unicameral; Equal Representation

3. Great/Connecticut Compromise-Combination-Bicameral-House;Population-Senate;Equal

C. Problems1. Slave population2. Three-Fifths Compromise

D. Ratification1. Federalists2. Anti-Federalists

-Bill of RightsE. Majority Rules

F. Main Point/Summary

Topic 4: Development of the Constitution

I. Listed ItemsA. Expressed v. Reserved PowersB. BureaucracyC. Electoral College

II. StructureA. Sections

1. Preamble -Introduction

2. Articles -I Legislative Branch ~Necessary & Proper Clause (Elas) -II Executive Branch -III Judicial Branch -IV-VII Other issues (IV-Supremacy Clause)

3. Amendments -1-10 Bill of Rights, 11-27 Other -2/3 approval to accept

4. Interpretation-Strict v. Loose-Implied v. Expressed

III. PrinciplesA. Popular Sovereignty

1. The Right to RuleB. Rule of Law

1. Everyone must follow the rulesC. Separation of Powers

1. Three BranchesD. Checks & Balances

1. Limited power

IV. FederalismA. Types of Power

1. Expressed/Enumerated2. Reserved3. Concurrent4. Page 895. Supremacy

V. Bill of RightsA. First Amendment

1. Religion, Assembly, Press, Petition, Speech2. Censorship3. John Peter Zenger4. Limits

-Slander, Libel, Danger

B. 2-102. Right to Bear Arms3. No Quartering of Troops4. Search & Seizure5. Due Process

-Self Incrimination-Double Jeopardy-Eminent Domain

6. Rights of the Accused7. Rights in civil cases; Jury Trial 8. Cruel & Unusual Punishment; Bail 9. Rights reserved to the PEOPLE10. Rights reserved to the STATES

C. Summary/Main Point

VI. Amendments 11-27

11. Limits on suits against states 12. Presidential Election Rules

II. Civil War Amendments 13. Abolished Slavery 14. Citizenship & Equal Protection 15. African-America right to vote

III. Progressive Amendments 16. Income Tax 17. Election of Senators by people 18. Prohibition 19. Women’s right to vote

20. Lame Duck President 21. Repeal 18th;Prohibition 22. Presidents limited to two terms 23. Washington D.C. gets votes 24. Elimination of the poll tax 25. Presidential Succession 26. 18 y.o. voting rights 27. Congressional salary pay limited

VII. Civil Rights StruggleA. 13-15

B. Discrimination/Segregation C. Affirmative Action/Racial Profiling

VIII. Summary/Main Point