Unit 1 Test - Tuesday, Unit 1 Test - Tuesday,

OctoberOctober 7th 7th

SafetySafety Weather and ClimateWeather and Climate MeasurementMeasurement DensityDensity

Let’s Review Together!Let’s Review Together!

How hot or cold something is or a measure of heat energy.

Water that falls from the sky.

When it is greater than 32°F it will rain. When it is less than 32°F it will snow, sleet, etc.

Longer photoperiod = higher temperaturesShort photoperiod = lower temperatures

How hot or cold something is or a measure of heat energy.

When it is greater than 32°F it will rain. When it is less than 32°F it will snow, sleet, etc.

The amount of daylight in a 24 hour period.

Longer photoperiod = higher temperaturesShort photoperiod = lower temperatures

kilo -

deci -

milli -

h

d

590

0.76

890

0.0025055

KH

D

DC

M

74mL – 50mL

24mL

2

Unit 1 Study GuideUnit 1 Study Guide

Let’s check your answers!Let’s check your answers!

Part 1. Part 1. Safety Safety

1. Review your lab safety rules on the 1. Review your lab safety rules on the reverse of your lab safety assessment reverse of your lab safety assessment (the poster/video project.) They (the poster/video project.) They are are also located on your teacher’s website also located on your teacher’s website and YOUR copy of the lab safety and YOUR copy of the lab safety contract. contract.

Weather and ClimateWeather and Climate ( Study your “Five Factors that Affect ( Study your “Five Factors that Affect Climate”, “Globe Activity”, “What is Climate”, “Globe Activity”, “What is

Weather” and your Weather and Weather” and your Weather and Climate Quiz)Climate Quiz)

2. What are the five factors that 2. What are the five factors that affect climate? List them 1 to 5 affect climate? List them 1 to 5 and explain how each influences and explain how each influences the climate of an area.the climate of an area.A. latitude – as latitude increase, average annual A. latitude – as latitude increase, average annual

temperature decreasestemperature decreasesB. closeness to a large body of water – water moderates B. closeness to a large body of water – water moderates

the temperature, cooler summers, warmer wintersthe temperature, cooler summers, warmer wintersC. Orographic effect – wind blows off of the ocean C. Orographic effect – wind blows off of the ocean

toward mountain; ocean side is rainy, other side is drytoward mountain; ocean side is rainy, other side is dryD. elevation – as elevation increases, average annual D. elevation – as elevation increases, average annual

temperature decreasestemperature decreasesE. ocean currents – warmer current, warmer climate; E. ocean currents – warmer current, warmer climate;

colder current, cooler climatecolder current, cooler climate

3. What is the difference 3. What is the difference between weather and between weather and climate?climate?Climate is the general pattern of weather that we expect in an area over a long period of time. Weather is the specific day-to-day conditions in the atmosphere. Climate is what you expect, weather is what you get. Climate tells you what clothes to buy, weather tells you what clothes to wear.

4. How does temperature 4. How does temperature affect precipitation? affect precipitation? Be SPECIFIC.Be SPECIFIC. Precipitation is affected by temperature. Precipitation is affected by temperature.

If the temperature is below 32˚F, the If the temperature is below 32˚F, the precipitation will be in the form of snow, precipitation will be in the form of snow, ice, etc. If the temperature is above ice, etc. If the temperature is above 32˚F, the precipitation will be in the form 32˚F, the precipitation will be in the form of rain. of rain.

Measurement Measurement (Study your “Measurement” notes, (Study your “Measurement” notes, “Mini Metric Olympics” data sheet, “Mini Metric Olympics” data sheet, “Metric Conversion” HW and your “Metric Conversion” HW and your

“Metric Practice – Group” class “Metric Practice – Group” class

worksheet)worksheet)

5. 5. What do we use a triple What do we use a triple beam balance or electronic beam balance or electronic balance to measure? balance to measure?

Mass. (The amount of MATTER in an Mass. (The amount of MATTER in an object.) object.)

Base unit of mass is GRAMS. Base unit of mass is GRAMS.

6. 6. What tool do we use What tool do we use to measure length?to measure length?

A metric ruler, a meter stick, or a A metric ruler, a meter stick, or a measuring tape. Base unit of length is measuring tape. Base unit of length is METERS (centimeters usually.)METERS (centimeters usually.)

7. 7. What tool do we use What tool do we use to measure liquid to measure liquid volume? volume?

A graduated cylinder. Base unit for liquid A graduated cylinder. Base unit for liquid volume is LITERS (milliliters usually.) volume is LITERS (milliliters usually.)

1 mL=1cm1 mL=1cm33

8. 8. Circle the units that would work Circle the units that would work bestbest for for measuring each object.measuring each object.

9.9. Complete the Complete the following metric following metric conversions:conversions:

10.10. What tool do we use to measure What tool do we use to measure volume of regular rectangular solid? volume of regular rectangular solid? What units do we measure in? What is What units do we measure in? What is the formula to determine the volume?the formula to determine the volume?

We use a centimeter/metric ruler to We use a centimeter/metric ruler to measure the volume of a regular measure the volume of a regular rectangular solid. rectangular solid.

Base unit for volume of a solid is cmBase unit for volume of a solid is cm33..

We find volume of regular solids by We find volume of regular solids by multiplying length x width x height. multiplying length x width x height.

11. 11. What is the proper procedure for using a What is the proper procedure for using a graduated cylinder? Include ALL steps. graduated cylinder? Include ALL steps.

Place the cylinder on a level surface. Get Place the cylinder on a level surface. Get down to eye level with the liquid. Look down to eye level with the liquid. Look for the curve of the liquid in the cylinder for the curve of the liquid in the cylinder (meniscus). Read the bottom of the (meniscus). Read the bottom of the meniscus.meniscus.

12. 12. What is water What is water displacement? Why is it displacement? Why is it used? used?

Water displacement is a method to Water displacement is a method to measure the volume of an irregular solid. measure the volume of an irregular solid. First you put an amount of liquid in the First you put an amount of liquid in the graduated cylinder. Measure that graduated cylinder. Measure that volume. Then, drop the object in the volume. Then, drop the object in the cylinder. Measure the new volume of the cylinder. Measure the new volume of the liquid. The liquid. The differencedifference in the volume is in the volume is equal to the amount of space the object equal to the amount of space the object is taking up (its volume)is taking up (its volume)

13. 13. What is the standard system of What is the standard system of measurement called? What is its measurement called? What is its abbreviation? abbreviation?

International System of Units. It is International System of Units. It is abbreviated SI. abbreviated SI.

Density Density (Study your “Density Demos” (Study your “Density Demos”

worksheet and your worksheet and your Phases/Changes Quiz)Phases/Changes Quiz)

14. Why do objects sink or 14. Why do objects sink or float? (Make sure to include float? (Make sure to include the word density in your the word density in your answer!)answer!)

Objects sink or float depending on Objects sink or float depending on their density. For example, if an their density. For example, if an object has a greater density than object has a greater density than water, it will sink when placed in water, it will sink when placed in water. However, an object with a water. However, an object with a lower density than water, will float lower density than water, will float when placed in water. when placed in water.

15. What causes some objects 15. What causes some objects to be more dense than others? to be more dense than others? (Think about how much stuff is (Think about how much stuff is in a certain volume).in a certain volume).

When more matter (stuff) is packed into a When more matter (stuff) is packed into a certain space (volume), an object has a certain space (volume), an object has a greater density. When less matter (stuff) greater density. When less matter (stuff) is packed into a certain space (volume), is packed into a certain space (volume), an object has a lower density. an object has a lower density.

16.16. For the For the Super Stacker density Super Stacker density column democolumn demo we did in class, explain we did in class, explain how and why the substances separated how and why the substances separated into layers (make sure to include the into layers (make sure to include the word density in your answer).word density in your answer).

The three liquids separated into layers The three liquids separated into layers because they had different densities. The because they had different densities. The corn syrup had the highest density, so it corn syrup had the highest density, so it sank to the bottom. The oil had the sank to the bottom. The oil had the lowest density, so it floated to the top. lowest density, so it floated to the top.

17. Explain the Rainbow Demo. (Why 17. Explain the Rainbow Demo. (Why did the colors mix in one set-up and did the colors mix in one set-up and stay the same in the other?)stay the same in the other?)

17. Explain the Rainbow Demo. 17. Explain the Rainbow Demo. (Why did the colors mix in one set-(Why did the colors mix in one set-up and stay the same in the up and stay the same in the other?)other?)In the rainbow demo, the set-up on the left had In the rainbow demo, the set-up on the left had

cold water on the bottom and hot water on top. cold water on the bottom and hot water on top. The molecules were already happy because The molecules were already happy because the cooler, more dense molecules were on the the cooler, more dense molecules were on the bottom and the warmer, less dense molecules bottom and the warmer, less dense molecules were on top. However, in the set-up on the were on top. However, in the set-up on the right, the colors mixed. The warmer, less right, the colors mixed. The warmer, less dense molecules were on the bottom and the dense molecules were on the bottom and the cooler, more dense molecules were on the top. cooler, more dense molecules were on the top. This difference in density caused the colors to This difference in density caused the colors to mix as the less dense molecules rose and the mix as the less dense molecules rose and the more dense molecules sank.more dense molecules sank.

18. For the hot air balloon demo, discuss: 18. For the hot air balloon demo, discuss: A. Where the air molecules went when heat A. Where the air molecules went when heat energy was added, energy was added, B. Why the particles go there, B. Why the particles go there, C. What the air molecules were doing before C. What the air molecules were doing before heat energy was added.heat energy was added.

18. For the hot air balloon demo, discuss: 18. For the hot air balloon demo, discuss: A. Where the air molecules went when heat A. Where the air molecules went when heat energy was added, energy was added, B. Why the particles go there, B. Why the particles go there, C. What the air molecules were doing before C. What the air molecules were doing before heat energy was added.heat energy was added.

A.A.The addition of heat energy caused the air The addition of heat energy caused the air molecules to spread out and rise. molecules to spread out and rise.

B.B.These warmer air particles became less dense These warmer air particles became less dense than the surrounding air particles and thus rose.than the surrounding air particles and thus rose.

C.The air molecules were staying the same before C.The air molecules were staying the same before the addition of heat energy because they had the addition of heat energy because they had the same density, so therefore, did not rise or the same density, so therefore, did not rise or sink, relative to each other.sink, relative to each other.

19.19.How can multiple How can multiple objects, which are exactly objects, which are exactly the same size and shape, the same size and shape, have a different mass? have a different mass?

Objects of the exact same volume (size Objects of the exact same volume (size and shape) can have a different mass and shape) can have a different mass because they may have different because they may have different amounts of STUFF (mass) packed into amounts of STUFF (mass) packed into their space. This makes them more or their space. This makes them more or less DENSE. less DENSE.

20.20. What is the formula What is the formula for calculating density?for calculating density?

Density is calculated by mass divided by volume.

21.21. Calculate the Calculate the density:density: