Unit 1 Past and presentUnit 1 Past and present

Read and learn the sentences

• I moved here with my family when I was two years old and have lived here since then.

• Eddie was born four years ago.• Eddie has lived with Millie since he was

born.• Eddie has lived with Millie for four

years.

The Present TenseThe Present Tense

We use the simple past tense to talk about what happened at a definite time in the past.

Past present

Eddie was born four years ago.

We use the present perfect tense to talk about things that started in the past and still have some connection with the present.

Eddie has lived with Millie since he was born.

Eddie has lived with Millie for four years.

presentPast

Past present4 years

The Present Perfect TenseThe Present Perfect Tense

现在完成时专项

.壹 概念 ：1. 过去发生或已完成动作对现在造 成的影响或结果

2. 过去已开始持续到现在的动作或状态

They have left.( 强调现在人不在那里 )

Sunshine town has changed a lot over the years.

二、现在完成时的构成

1. 现在完成时的肯定句句型： 主语 + have /has + 过去分词。

We have lived in Beijing. He has lived in Beijing. I have finished my homework.

The past participle of verbs.The past participle of verbs.

1) We add 1) We add ‘-ed’ to regular verbs. ’ to regular verbs.

Most verbs + ed visit→visited

Verbs ending in e + d live→lived

Verbs ending in

a consonant + y y→i + ed carry→carried

Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant

double the consonant + ed

stop→stopped

2) We form the irregular verbs differently. We do not add ‘-ed’. Ask the students to look at the table of irregular verbs on Page 112. Ask the students to remember the past participle of irregular verbs.

动词原形 动词过去式 动词过去分词• A B B bring brought brought

• A B C do did done

• A A A let let let

• A B A come came come

• A A B beat beat beaten

写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词 visit copy repair

move plan do

go come be

see forget learn

own eat stop

know read hear

take write

visit copy repair move plan do go come

be see

visited - visited copied - copied

repaired-repaired moved- moved

did - done

went - gone came - come

was/were - been saw - seen

planned - planned

forget learn

own eat

stop know

read hear

take write

forgot - forgotten learnt - learnt

owned - owned ate - eaten

stopped - stopped knew - known

read - read heard - heard

took - taken wrote - written

give

fly

hold

receive

cry

hurt

spend

keep

catch

say

make

take

talk

grow

ride

drive

buy

carry

run

sing

begin

get

gave - given

said-said

held-held

received-received

cried-cried

hurt-hurt

spent-spent

kept-kept

caught-caught

flew-flown

made-made

took-takentalked-talked

grew-grown

rode-ridden

drove-driven

bought-bought

carried-carried

ran-run

sang-sung

began-begun

got-got

2. 现在完成时的否定句句型：主语 + have/has+ not+ 过去分词 I have not seen the movie yet. He hasn’t been to Beijing since then

Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs.Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs.

1)1)  He ___________ (wait) for an hour.He ___________ (wait) for an hour.

2)2) I _______________ (not finish) the work yet.I _______________ (not finish) the work yet.

3)3)  _____ you _______ (know) him since then?_____ you _______ (know) him since then?

4)4) I ___________ (hear) from my brother recently.I ___________ (hear) from my brother recently.

5)5)  We ___________ (be) there many times in the past 3 years.We ___________ (be) there many times in the past 3 years.

6)6)  How long _____ you _______ (stay) at home already?How long _____ you _______ (stay) at home already?

7)7)    He ___________ (not read) the book before.He ___________ (not read) the book before.

8)8)    Her sister _________ (go) to Changchun. Her sister _________ (go) to Changchun.

She ____ (leave) this morning.She ____ (leave) this morning.

9)9)  He _________ (live) in his hometown since he left here.He _________ (live) in his hometown since he left here.

10)10)  The writer _____________ (finish) several story-books since 1990.The writer _____________ (finish) several story-books since 1990.

has waited

haven’t finished

Have known

have heard

have been

have stayed

hasn’t read

has gone

left

has lived

has finished

I / They/ We / You have arrived.

He / She / It has

Have you….? Has he….?Yes, I have Yes, he has.No, I haven’t. No, he hasn’t . has not = hasn’t have not=haven’t

3. 现在完成时的一般疑问句

Ask and answer questions• Have you studied English for four

years?

• Have you visited Shanghai?

• Have they done their homework?

• Has your father seen the film?

• Has your mother come back?

Yes, we have./ No, we haven’t

Yes, I have./ No, I haven’t

Yes, they have./ No, they haven’t

Yes, he has./ No, he hasn’t

Yes, she has./ No, she hasn’t

1. Hurry up! Lunch ______ already ______ (begin).

2. _____ he ever _______ (ride) a bike?3. Li Ming ______ (hurt) his arm last week.

He _____ already ______ (stay) in bed for five days.

4. Yesterday, she ________ (buy) one book in the bookshop. She ___________ (not read) it since then.

5. I _____ already _____ (lose) my pen. I _________ (buy) it two days ago.

has begun

Has riddenhurt

has stayed

boughthasn’t read

have lostbought

表示现在完成时的时间副词

Mr Chen has lived in Sunshine Town since he was two yea

rs old.

since 2011.

We have studied here

for two years.

since two years ago.

past present

现在完成时的常用时间状语：for + 一段时间

since + 过去的时间句子 :

since he came here, since I was bornsince 1995

for two years

since last year, since two years ago

How long

1. She ___________(know) Fred since they were at primary school.

2. I ___________ (wait) here for a long time.3. He ___________ (work) there since he left school.

4. I ____________ (teach) English for more than ten year.

has known

have waited

has worked

have taught

5. She __________ (know) Sam for nine years.

8. Mr.Wang ____________ (teach) in our school for ten years.

7. The Greens ___________ (live) in this street since 1995.

6. We ___________(be) good friends since we were seven years old.

has known

has taught

have lived

have been

RecentlyRecently we have we have already already known a little about known a little about Sunshine Town. Sunshine Town.

I have I have nevernever been there before. been there before.

Have you Have you ever ever been there? been there?

No, I haven’t been there No, I haven’t been there yetyet..

Something new

we can use adverbs of time with the present we can use adverbs of time with the present perfect tense, such as perfect tense, such as already, ever, for, just, already, ever, for, just, never, since and yenever, since and ye

I haveI have just just seen Millie on the playground. seen Millie on the playground.

Has Millie called Has Millie called yetyet? No, she hasn’t.? No, she hasn’t.

I have not heard from Millie I have not heard from Millie yetyet. .

I have done my homework I have done my homework alreadyalready..

I have I have nevernever read the novel. read the novel.

… …

现在完成时的常用时间状语：already 已经（肯定句） ever 曾经 （疑问句）yet 已经 , 还 , 尚（疑问句，否定句）never 从未 （否定句） just 刚刚（肯定句） for + 段时间（肯 , 否 , 疑问句） since + 过去的时间或动作 ( 肯 , 否 , 疑问句） recently 最近（肯 , 否 , 疑问句）

Exercises:Exercises: Choose the correct adverbs of time to Choose the correct adverbs of time to complete the sentences. (ever, never, just, already, for, complete the sentences. (ever, never, just, already, for, since, yet)since, yet)

1.1. Have you done your homework ____?Have you done your homework ____?

2.2. I have __________ been to Chengdu. I have __________ been to Chengdu.

3.3. He has _______ washed the dishes. He has _______ washed the dishes.

4.4. He has worked there ______ he left school.He has worked there ______ he left school.

5.5. Have you cleaned your room _____? Have you cleaned your room _____?

6.6. She has known Sam _____ nine years. She has known Sam _____ nine years.

7.7. Have you ______ ridden a horse? Have you ______ ridden a horse?

8.8. They have ______ arrived. We have not They have ______ arrived. We have not completed the project _______. completed the project _______.

yet

ever/never

already

since

yet

for

ever

justyet

Free talk

1 How long have you lived in Chang’an town?

2 How long have you studied in this school?

3 How long have you studied English?

4 What have you studied these days?

5 Where have you travelled recently?

Translate the sentences into English.Translate the sentences into English.

(1) (1) 你最近收到你爸爸的来信了吗？你最近收到你爸爸的来信了吗？

(2) (2) 我已经很长时间没有拜访过我姑姑了。我已经很长时间没有拜访过我姑姑了。

(3) Simon(3) Simon 曾经去过几次中国。曾经去过几次中国。

(4) (4) 她刚刚写好两篇文章。 她刚刚写好两篇文章。

(5) (5) 他们已经去电影院了。他们已经去电影院了。

(6) Smith(6) Smith 夫妇还没有回来。 夫妇还没有回来。

(7) (7) 自从上午自从上午 99 点你就在等他吗？点你就在等他吗？

(8)(8) 香港的新机场自从香港的新机场自从 19981998 年就一直在服务中。年就一直在服务中。